1)Bifidobacterium longum subsp.iuvenis(Modesto et al.IJSEM.2023,73:6013;Type strain:NCC 5000 T=CCOS 2034 T=LMG 32752^(T))Etymology:iu’ve.nis.L.gen.masc./fem.n.iuvenis,of child,because the type strain was isolated fro...1)Bifidobacterium longum subsp.iuvenis(Modesto et al.IJSEM.2023,73:6013;Type strain:NCC 5000 T=CCOS 2034 T=LMG 32752^(T))Etymology:iu’ve.nis.L.gen.masc./fem.n.iuvenis,of child,because the type strain was isolated from a 2 year old Bangladeshi child.长双歧杆菌幼儿亚种.展开更多
Bacterial soft rot(BSR)caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.brasiliense(Pcb)is a serious bacterial disease which negatively impact yield and quality in cucumber.However,the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in...Bacterial soft rot(BSR)caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.brasiliense(Pcb)is a serious bacterial disease which negatively impact yield and quality in cucumber.However,the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in cucumber has not been reported.Here,we investigated the BSR resistance of 119 cucumber core germplasm worldwide at the seedling stage and identified 26 accessions highly resistant to BSR.A total of 1642740 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were used to conduct GWAS,and five loci associated with BSR resistance were detected on four chromosomes:gBSR2.1,gBSR2.2,gBSR3.1,gBSR4.1 and gBSR5.1.Based on haplotype analysis,sequence polymorphisms,functional annotation and qRT-PCR analysis,six candidate genes were identified within the five loci.CsaV3_2G014450,CsaV3_2G014490,CsaV3_2G016000,CsaV3_3G000850,CsaV3_4G033150,and CsaV3_5G000390 each had nonsynonymous SNPs,and were significantly up-regulated in the resistant genotypes after inoculation.And CsaV3_5G000390 in the susceptible genotype was significantly up-regulated after inoculation.The identification of these candidate genes lays a foundation for understanding the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in cucumber.Generally,our study mined genes associated with BSR resistance in cucumber seedlings and will assist the breeding of BSR-resistant cucumber cultivars.展开更多
Background:The maturation of the immune system is critical during early life,as it involves the differentiation,maturation,and establishment of immune tolerance of immune cells.This process is influenced not only by g...Background:The maturation of the immune system is critical during early life,as it involves the differentiation,maturation,and establishment of immune tolerance of immune cells.This process is influenced not only by genetic factors but also by en-vironmental factors,particularly the symbiotic microbiota.Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis(BB-12),originally found in dairy products,is widely used in infant for-mula and dietary supplements.However,its role and mechanisms in immune develop-ment during early life remain unclear.Methods:Using GF mice as the experimental model,B.animalis subsp.lactis BB-12 was administered via gavage during early life.In the juvenile stage,changes in T-cell subsets in the spleen,thymus,and gut intraepithelial lymphocytes(IEL)were assessed using spectral flow cytometry.Additionally,targeted metabolomics analysis of trypto-phan metabolism and short-chain fatty acid pathways in colonic tissue was conducted to explore how B.animalis subsp.lactis BB-12 influences the immune system through gut microbiota metabolism.Results:BB-12 effectively modulates the gut immune microenvironment,leading to beneficial changes in T-cell subsets in key immune tissues such as the spleen,thymus,and gut IELs.Metabolomics analysis further supports these findings by showing that BB-12 intervention greatly increased the production of tryptophan derivatives and acetic acid in the colon of GF mice.Conclusion:The findings provide theoretical evidence for the role of B.animalis subsp.lactis in immune system development and support its application in dietary supple-ments,suggesting potential as a component for infant immune health and in prevent-ing immune-related diseases.展开更多
Bifidobacterium longum subsp.infantis and Bifidobacterium adolescentis play important roles in the guts of infants and adolescents,respectively.In this study,using a neonatal rat model,we compared the protective effec...Bifidobacterium longum subsp.infantis and Bifidobacterium adolescentis play important roles in the guts of infants and adolescents,respectively.In this study,using a neonatal rat model,we compared the protective effects of these 2 bifidobacterial species against Salmonella infection.The results demonstrated that B.longum subsp.infantis was more effective than B.adolescentis in alleviating the severity of infection in newborn rats exposed to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain SL1344.B.longum subsp.infantis attenuated intestinal inflammation and mucosal damage induced by Salmonella infection,as well as protecting intestinal nerves and intestinal barrier function through TLR4/My D88 signalling.B.longum subsp.infantis also displayed the potential to modulate gut metabolites by promoting the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids(arachidonic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid andα-linolenic acid)and purine metabolism(guanine,adenine,inosine and adenosine),thereby regulating metabolic disturbances.Additionally,the benefits of B.longum subsp.infantis were also observed in the liver,spleen and brain,improving nerve reflexes and suppressing hepatosplenomegaly.Overall,these findings provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of gutrelated diseases in newborns,highlighting the potentially significant role of B.longum subsp.infantis in clinical applications.展开更多
Accumulating evidence suggests that probiotics affect the microbial-gut-brain axis in a way that can prevent and treat Alzheimer's disease(AD).However,the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects still needs t...Accumulating evidence suggests that probiotics affect the microbial-gut-brain axis in a way that can prevent and treat Alzheimer's disease(AD).However,the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects still needs to be further investigated.This study aimed to examine the alleviating effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L9 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis A6 and possible mechanism in mice with AD.In this study,the administration of probiotics L9 and A6 effectively improved memory and learning functions in AD mice.The hippocampal cells of mice were partly recovered in morphology and rearranged more neatly after probiotics intervention.Meanwhile,L9 and A6 exhibited inhibitory effects on the phosphorylation of Tau and the deposition of Aβ,which were mediated via GSK-3βand PP2A kinases.Meanwhile,by metagenomic sequencing,we found interventions with L9 and A6 altered the intestinal microbiome's taxonomic composition,reduced the abundance of pathogenic Desulfovibrio genera,and increased beneficial Clostridium and Paramuribaculum genera abundance.The fatty acids metabolism and biosynthesis of gut microbiome were also enhanced.Serum untargeted metabolomics also showed noticeable alternation in lipidrelated metabolites,which may alleviate the pathogenesis of AD.These results revealed a mitigating role for probiotic L9 and A6 in AD prevention and offer new insights into AD prevention via gut-brain connection.展开更多
Bifidobacterium longum subsp.infantis is a commensal bacterium that predominates in the infant gut,playing a critical role in both preventing foreign infections and facilitating immune development.This study aimed to ...Bifidobacterium longum subsp.infantis is a commensal bacterium that predominates in the infant gut,playing a critical role in both preventing foreign infections and facilitating immune development.This study aimed to explore the effects of B.longum subsp.infantis supplementation on interferon-beta(IFN-β)secretion and intestinal barrier improvement in growing mice.Female and male mice were orally administered either saline or B.longum subsp.infantis CCFM1269 or I5TI(1×10^(9) CFU/mice per day,n=8)from 1-week-age until 3-,4-,and 5-week-age.RNA sequencing analysis revealed that CCFM1269 exhibited potential antiviral capacity through increasing 2'-5'oligoadenylate synthetase(OAS).Additionally,CCFM1269 supplementation significantly increased colonic IFN-β levels which combined with OAS in 3-week-old female and male mice by activating the TLR4-TRIF-dependent signaling pathway.However,this effect was not observed in 4-and 5-week-old mice.Furthermore,both CCFM1269 were found to modulate the gut microbiota composition and enhance the intestinal barrier function in 3-,4-,and 5-week-old mice.In summary,the results of this study suggested that B.longum subsp.infantis CCFM1269 promoting intestinal barrier and releasing IFN-β in growing mice was in a strain-specific and time-dependent manner.展开更多
【目的】分析深汕特别合作区某鲈鱼养殖基地大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)突发性死亡原因,探究其病原菌生物学特性,为大口黑鲈养殖中的疾病防控与诊治提供理论参考。【方法】从患病大口黑鲈肝脏、脾、肠等病灶组织中分离得到一株优势...【目的】分析深汕特别合作区某鲈鱼养殖基地大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)突发性死亡原因,探究其病原菌生物学特性,为大口黑鲈养殖中的疾病防控与诊治提供理论参考。【方法】从患病大口黑鲈肝脏、脾、肠等病灶组织中分离得到一株优势菌,命名为SZNH-S20230817;开展形态学特征观察,生理生化特性鉴定,人工感染试验,药物敏感性测试,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)测定,16S rRNA序列、耐药基因及毒力基因的鉴定,分析其耐药性和病理。【结果】菌株SZNH-S20230817的序列与豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae)AP019195具有99.38%同源性;同时携带aer、act、lip和fl a 4个毒力基因;生化鉴定结果显示,该菌的吲哚、氧化酶、苯丙氨酸、甘露醇、木糖、精氨酸双水解酶和葡萄糖产酸等结果为阳性,确定菌株SZNH-S20230817为豚鼠气单胞菌。回归感染试验发现菌株SZNH-S20230817具有较强致病性,对大口黑鲈的半致死浓度(LC_(50))为1.39×10^(7)CFU/mL。药敏试验结果显示,该菌对头孢唑林、卡那霉素、四环素、万古霉素、氨苄西林和克林霉素等12种抗生素耐药,同时携带qnrS、catI、emrB、Sul1、rmtB等13种耐药基因。组织病理学分析表明,菌株SZNH-S20230817感染可引起鱼体脾脏细胞肿胀、游离、肠黏膜断裂破损、绒毛脱落、肾脏细胞坏死、炎症细胞浸润、肝脏细胞呈空泡化等。体外抑菌试验结果显示大黄和五倍子对该菌的MIC和MBC较低,其余7种中草药对该菌的抑菌能力较弱。【结论】豚鼠气单胞菌是引起本次大口黑鲈突发性死亡的病原菌,其同时携带aer、act、lip和fl a 4个毒力基因,对大口黑鲈的LC_(50)为1.39×10^(7)CFU/mL,对头孢唑林、卡那霉素、四环素等抗生素耐药。低剂量的大黄和五倍子能够有效抑制该菌生长,具备良好的预防和抑制效果。展开更多
Citrus bacterial canker(CBC) is resulted from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri(Xcc) infection and poses a significant threat to citrus production.Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) are critical in maintaining redox homeos...Citrus bacterial canker(CBC) is resulted from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri(Xcc) infection and poses a significant threat to citrus production.Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) are critical in maintaining redox homeostasis in plants, especially in relation to abiotic and biotic stress responses. However, the function of GSTs in resisting CBC remains unclear. Here, citrus glutathione S-transferases were investigated applying a genome-wide approach. In total, 69 CsGSTs belonging to seven classes were identified, and the phylogeny, chromosomal distribution, gene structures and conserved motifs were analyzed. Several CsGSTs responded to Xcc infection, as observed in the upregulation of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 in the CBC-sensitive ‘Wanjincheng' variety but not in the resistant ‘Kumquat' variety. CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 were localized at the cytoplasm. Transient overexpression of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 mediated reactive oxygen species(ROS) scavenging, whereas the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 caused strong CBC resistance and ROS burst. The present study investigated the characterization of citrus GST gene family, and discovered that CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 negatively contributed to CBC through modulating ROS homeostasis. These findings emphasize the significance of GSTs in infection resistance in plants.展开更多
Hippophae rhamnoides L.is extensively distributed throughout China and plays a pioneering role in combating desertification and soil erosion in northern regions.H.rhamnoides contains abundant nutrients and is of medic...Hippophae rhamnoides L.is extensively distributed throughout China and plays a pioneering role in combating desertification and soil erosion in northern regions.H.rhamnoides contains abundant nutrients and is of medical and economic value.However,there has been a lack of research on sea buckthorn seeds,both domestically and internationally,particularly regarding the mechanisms governing their growth and germination.Therefore,to explore the growth of sea buckthorn seeds,this study analyzed and studied the molecular mechanism of seed germination process of sea buckthorn.To better understand the molecular mechanism underlying seed germination in sea buckthorn,we used transcriptomics to compare gene expression before and after seed germination in H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis Rousi.We identified 9,988 differentially expressed genes(5,593 upregulated and 4,395 downregulated).A bioinformatics-based analysis revealed that changes in plant hormone signal transduction and starch and sucrose metabolism-related gene expression may regulate seed germination in this species.Notably,the levels of auxin(IAA),cytokinin(CTK),and brassinosteroids(BR)increased during seed germination while those of ABA decreased.Exogenous application of IAA,CTK,and BR promoted sea buckthorn seed germination,while ABA inhibited it.These findings suggested that hormones play an important role in the process of sea buckthorn seed germination.This study provides preliminary information about the seed germination mechanism in sea buckthorn,offering an essential reference for improving seed breeding and germplasm and laying the foundation for further resistance research on the molecular mechanism of seed germination of sea buckthorn in this species.展开更多
Currently,several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes.In this work,we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract(PESB)from Salvia blancoana subsp.me...Currently,several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes.In this work,we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract(PESB)from Salvia blancoana subsp.mesatlan-tica in the management of hypercaloric-feeding and small-dose alloxan-brought type 2 diabetes in rats.We analyzed the chemical constituents of the extract,including flavones and flavonols content,to understand its biological action.The antioxidant activities were evaluated by total antioxidant action,scavenging effect of the free radical DPPH,and reducing power.The obtained results showed that the value of TFC was estimated at 31.90±0.34 mgEQ/g in the PESB extract.The total antioxidant capacity was estimated at 593.51±4.09 mg(EAA)/g,the value of DPPH IC50 was 7.3±0.00μg/mL,and the value of EC50 of reducing power was estimated at 6.43±0.01μg/mL.In total,14 phenolic compounds were identified and the naringin was the most dominant(63.19%)while the vanillin was the less recorded(0.10%).Serum glucose decreased significantly(p<0.05)in rats given PESB(100 mg/kg)after four weeks.Glibenclamide(GLB)and PESB reduced HbA1c and increased plasma insulin in diabetic rats,restoring HOMA-βand HOMA-IR levels to near-normal.Additionally,diabetic rats treated with GLB or PESB showed statistically equivalent results to those of non-diabetic rats regarding hepatic enzymes,renal and lipid markers,as well as cardiovascular indices.The weight loss was significantly lower in diabetic rats receiving a dose of PESB(100 mg/kg),and GLB compared to corresponding untreated diabetic rats(p<0.01).PESB and GLB showed a prominent protective function in the pancreas,liver,and kidney tissues.This investigation demonstrates the capacity of extracts from leaves of S.blancoana subsp.mesatlantica to manage diabetes mellitus due to their richness in a wide range of bioactive compounds.Therefore,more investigations are required to estimate the safety of the plant use.展开更多
文摘1)Bifidobacterium longum subsp.iuvenis(Modesto et al.IJSEM.2023,73:6013;Type strain:NCC 5000 T=CCOS 2034 T=LMG 32752^(T))Etymology:iu’ve.nis.L.gen.masc./fem.n.iuvenis,of child,because the type strain was isolated from a 2 year old Bangladeshi child.长双歧杆菌幼儿亚种.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFD1200101)the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(Grant No.CARS-23)Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS).
文摘Bacterial soft rot(BSR)caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.brasiliense(Pcb)is a serious bacterial disease which negatively impact yield and quality in cucumber.However,the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in cucumber has not been reported.Here,we investigated the BSR resistance of 119 cucumber core germplasm worldwide at the seedling stage and identified 26 accessions highly resistant to BSR.A total of 1642740 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were used to conduct GWAS,and five loci associated with BSR resistance were detected on four chromosomes:gBSR2.1,gBSR2.2,gBSR3.1,gBSR4.1 and gBSR5.1.Based on haplotype analysis,sequence polymorphisms,functional annotation and qRT-PCR analysis,six candidate genes were identified within the five loci.CsaV3_2G014450,CsaV3_2G014490,CsaV3_2G016000,CsaV3_3G000850,CsaV3_4G033150,and CsaV3_5G000390 each had nonsynonymous SNPs,and were significantly up-regulated in the resistant genotypes after inoculation.And CsaV3_5G000390 in the susceptible genotype was significantly up-regulated after inoculation.The identification of these candidate genes lays a foundation for understanding the genetic mechanism of BSR resistance in cucumber.Generally,our study mined genes associated with BSR resistance in cucumber seedlings and will assist the breeding of BSR-resistant cucumber cultivars.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Programs of China(2022YFF0710701,2022YFF0710702)Guangzhou Key Research and Development Program(202206010157)+2 种基金Guangzhou Joint Fund for Key Laboratory(202201020381)Medical Joint Fund of Jinan University(YXJC202204)Open Research Project of the Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis and Infection Prevention and Control of the Ministry of Education(2023VPPC-R02).
文摘Background:The maturation of the immune system is critical during early life,as it involves the differentiation,maturation,and establishment of immune tolerance of immune cells.This process is influenced not only by genetic factors but also by en-vironmental factors,particularly the symbiotic microbiota.Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis(BB-12),originally found in dairy products,is widely used in infant for-mula and dietary supplements.However,its role and mechanisms in immune develop-ment during early life remain unclear.Methods:Using GF mice as the experimental model,B.animalis subsp.lactis BB-12 was administered via gavage during early life.In the juvenile stage,changes in T-cell subsets in the spleen,thymus,and gut intraepithelial lymphocytes(IEL)were assessed using spectral flow cytometry.Additionally,targeted metabolomics analysis of trypto-phan metabolism and short-chain fatty acid pathways in colonic tissue was conducted to explore how B.animalis subsp.lactis BB-12 influences the immune system through gut microbiota metabolism.Results:BB-12 effectively modulates the gut immune microenvironment,leading to beneficial changes in T-cell subsets in key immune tissues such as the spleen,thymus,and gut IELs.Metabolomics analysis further supports these findings by showing that BB-12 intervention greatly increased the production of tryptophan derivatives and acetic acid in the colon of GF mice.Conclusion:The findings provide theoretical evidence for the role of B.animalis subsp.lactis in immune system development and support its application in dietary supple-ments,suggesting potential as a component for infant immune health and in prevent-ing immune-related diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32021005,32272332)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP622020,JUSRP51501)+1 种基金the Program of Collaborative Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu ProvincePostgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX22_2391)。
文摘Bifidobacterium longum subsp.infantis and Bifidobacterium adolescentis play important roles in the guts of infants and adolescents,respectively.In this study,using a neonatal rat model,we compared the protective effects of these 2 bifidobacterial species against Salmonella infection.The results demonstrated that B.longum subsp.infantis was more effective than B.adolescentis in alleviating the severity of infection in newborn rats exposed to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain SL1344.B.longum subsp.infantis attenuated intestinal inflammation and mucosal damage induced by Salmonella infection,as well as protecting intestinal nerves and intestinal barrier function through TLR4/My D88 signalling.B.longum subsp.infantis also displayed the potential to modulate gut metabolites by promoting the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids(arachidonic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid andα-linolenic acid)and purine metabolism(guanine,adenine,inosine and adenosine),thereby regulating metabolic disturbances.Additionally,the benefits of B.longum subsp.infantis were also observed in the liver,spleen and brain,improving nerve reflexes and suppressing hepatosplenomegaly.Overall,these findings provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of gutrelated diseases in newborns,highlighting the potentially significant role of B.longum subsp.infantis in clinical applications.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFF1104501)R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(23JF0006)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601443 and 32101938)。
文摘Accumulating evidence suggests that probiotics affect the microbial-gut-brain axis in a way that can prevent and treat Alzheimer's disease(AD).However,the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects still needs to be further investigated.This study aimed to examine the alleviating effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L9 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis A6 and possible mechanism in mice with AD.In this study,the administration of probiotics L9 and A6 effectively improved memory and learning functions in AD mice.The hippocampal cells of mice were partly recovered in morphology and rearranged more neatly after probiotics intervention.Meanwhile,L9 and A6 exhibited inhibitory effects on the phosphorylation of Tau and the deposition of Aβ,which were mediated via GSK-3βand PP2A kinases.Meanwhile,by metagenomic sequencing,we found interventions with L9 and A6 altered the intestinal microbiome's taxonomic composition,reduced the abundance of pathogenic Desulfovibrio genera,and increased beneficial Clostridium and Paramuribaculum genera abundance.The fatty acids metabolism and biosynthesis of gut microbiome were also enhanced.Serum untargeted metabolomics also showed noticeable alternation in lipidrelated metabolites,which may alleviate the pathogenesis of AD.These results revealed a mitigating role for probiotic L9 and A6 in AD prevention and offer new insights into AD prevention via gut-brain connection.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD2100700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32021005)+1 种基金111 project(BP0719028)Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province。
文摘Bifidobacterium longum subsp.infantis is a commensal bacterium that predominates in the infant gut,playing a critical role in both preventing foreign infections and facilitating immune development.This study aimed to explore the effects of B.longum subsp.infantis supplementation on interferon-beta(IFN-β)secretion and intestinal barrier improvement in growing mice.Female and male mice were orally administered either saline or B.longum subsp.infantis CCFM1269 or I5TI(1×10^(9) CFU/mice per day,n=8)from 1-week-age until 3-,4-,and 5-week-age.RNA sequencing analysis revealed that CCFM1269 exhibited potential antiviral capacity through increasing 2'-5'oligoadenylate synthetase(OAS).Additionally,CCFM1269 supplementation significantly increased colonic IFN-β levels which combined with OAS in 3-week-old female and male mice by activating the TLR4-TRIF-dependent signaling pathway.However,this effect was not observed in 4-and 5-week-old mice.Furthermore,both CCFM1269 were found to modulate the gut microbiota composition and enhance the intestinal barrier function in 3-,4-,and 5-week-old mice.In summary,the results of this study suggested that B.longum subsp.infantis CCFM1269 promoting intestinal barrier and releasing IFN-β in growing mice was in a strain-specific and time-dependent manner.
文摘【目的】分析深汕特别合作区某鲈鱼养殖基地大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)突发性死亡原因,探究其病原菌生物学特性,为大口黑鲈养殖中的疾病防控与诊治提供理论参考。【方法】从患病大口黑鲈肝脏、脾、肠等病灶组织中分离得到一株优势菌,命名为SZNH-S20230817;开展形态学特征观察,生理生化特性鉴定,人工感染试验,药物敏感性测试,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)测定,16S rRNA序列、耐药基因及毒力基因的鉴定,分析其耐药性和病理。【结果】菌株SZNH-S20230817的序列与豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae)AP019195具有99.38%同源性;同时携带aer、act、lip和fl a 4个毒力基因;生化鉴定结果显示,该菌的吲哚、氧化酶、苯丙氨酸、甘露醇、木糖、精氨酸双水解酶和葡萄糖产酸等结果为阳性,确定菌株SZNH-S20230817为豚鼠气单胞菌。回归感染试验发现菌株SZNH-S20230817具有较强致病性,对大口黑鲈的半致死浓度(LC_(50))为1.39×10^(7)CFU/mL。药敏试验结果显示,该菌对头孢唑林、卡那霉素、四环素、万古霉素、氨苄西林和克林霉素等12种抗生素耐药,同时携带qnrS、catI、emrB、Sul1、rmtB等13种耐药基因。组织病理学分析表明,菌株SZNH-S20230817感染可引起鱼体脾脏细胞肿胀、游离、肠黏膜断裂破损、绒毛脱落、肾脏细胞坏死、炎症细胞浸润、肝脏细胞呈空泡化等。体外抑菌试验结果显示大黄和五倍子对该菌的MIC和MBC较低,其余7种中草药对该菌的抑菌能力较弱。【结论】豚鼠气单胞菌是引起本次大口黑鲈突发性死亡的病原菌,其同时携带aer、act、lip和fl a 4个毒力基因,对大口黑鲈的LC_(50)为1.39×10^(7)CFU/mL,对头孢唑林、卡那霉素、四环素等抗生素耐药。低剂量的大黄和五倍子能够有效抑制该菌生长,具备良好的预防和抑制效果。
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFD1201600)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (Grant No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX1064)+1 种基金Earmarked Funds for the China Agriculture Research System (Grant No.CARS-26)Three-year Action Plan of Xi'an University (Grant No.2021XDJH41)。
文摘Citrus bacterial canker(CBC) is resulted from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri(Xcc) infection and poses a significant threat to citrus production.Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) are critical in maintaining redox homeostasis in plants, especially in relation to abiotic and biotic stress responses. However, the function of GSTs in resisting CBC remains unclear. Here, citrus glutathione S-transferases were investigated applying a genome-wide approach. In total, 69 CsGSTs belonging to seven classes were identified, and the phylogeny, chromosomal distribution, gene structures and conserved motifs were analyzed. Several CsGSTs responded to Xcc infection, as observed in the upregulation of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 in the CBC-sensitive ‘Wanjincheng' variety but not in the resistant ‘Kumquat' variety. CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 were localized at the cytoplasm. Transient overexpression of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 mediated reactive oxygen species(ROS) scavenging, whereas the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 caused strong CBC resistance and ROS burst. The present study investigated the characterization of citrus GST gene family, and discovered that CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 negatively contributed to CBC through modulating ROS homeostasis. These findings emphasize the significance of GSTs in infection resistance in plants.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160353)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China(22JR5RA263)Lanzhou University of Technology Hongliu Outstanding Youth Talent.
文摘Hippophae rhamnoides L.is extensively distributed throughout China and plays a pioneering role in combating desertification and soil erosion in northern regions.H.rhamnoides contains abundant nutrients and is of medical and economic value.However,there has been a lack of research on sea buckthorn seeds,both domestically and internationally,particularly regarding the mechanisms governing their growth and germination.Therefore,to explore the growth of sea buckthorn seeds,this study analyzed and studied the molecular mechanism of seed germination process of sea buckthorn.To better understand the molecular mechanism underlying seed germination in sea buckthorn,we used transcriptomics to compare gene expression before and after seed germination in H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis Rousi.We identified 9,988 differentially expressed genes(5,593 upregulated and 4,395 downregulated).A bioinformatics-based analysis revealed that changes in plant hormone signal transduction and starch and sucrose metabolism-related gene expression may regulate seed germination in this species.Notably,the levels of auxin(IAA),cytokinin(CTK),and brassinosteroids(BR)increased during seed germination while those of ABA decreased.Exogenous application of IAA,CTK,and BR promoted sea buckthorn seed germination,while ABA inhibited it.These findings suggested that hormones play an important role in the process of sea buckthorn seed germination.This study provides preliminary information about the seed germination mechanism in sea buckthorn,offering an essential reference for improving seed breeding and germplasm and laying the foundation for further resistance research on the molecular mechanism of seed germination of sea buckthorn in this species.
基金financially supported by the Researchers Supporting Project(RSP2024R457).King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Currently,several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes.In this work,we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract(PESB)from Salvia blancoana subsp.mesatlan-tica in the management of hypercaloric-feeding and small-dose alloxan-brought type 2 diabetes in rats.We analyzed the chemical constituents of the extract,including flavones and flavonols content,to understand its biological action.The antioxidant activities were evaluated by total antioxidant action,scavenging effect of the free radical DPPH,and reducing power.The obtained results showed that the value of TFC was estimated at 31.90±0.34 mgEQ/g in the PESB extract.The total antioxidant capacity was estimated at 593.51±4.09 mg(EAA)/g,the value of DPPH IC50 was 7.3±0.00μg/mL,and the value of EC50 of reducing power was estimated at 6.43±0.01μg/mL.In total,14 phenolic compounds were identified and the naringin was the most dominant(63.19%)while the vanillin was the less recorded(0.10%).Serum glucose decreased significantly(p<0.05)in rats given PESB(100 mg/kg)after four weeks.Glibenclamide(GLB)and PESB reduced HbA1c and increased plasma insulin in diabetic rats,restoring HOMA-βand HOMA-IR levels to near-normal.Additionally,diabetic rats treated with GLB or PESB showed statistically equivalent results to those of non-diabetic rats regarding hepatic enzymes,renal and lipid markers,as well as cardiovascular indices.The weight loss was significantly lower in diabetic rats receiving a dose of PESB(100 mg/kg),and GLB compared to corresponding untreated diabetic rats(p<0.01).PESB and GLB showed a prominent protective function in the pancreas,liver,and kidney tissues.This investigation demonstrates the capacity of extracts from leaves of S.blancoana subsp.mesatlantica to manage diabetes mellitus due to their richness in a wide range of bioactive compounds.Therefore,more investigations are required to estimate the safety of the plant use.
