The integration of cloud computing into traditional industrial control systems is accelerating the evolution of Industrial Cyber-Physical System(ICPS),enhancing intelligence and autonomy.However,this transition also e...The integration of cloud computing into traditional industrial control systems is accelerating the evolution of Industrial Cyber-Physical System(ICPS),enhancing intelligence and autonomy.However,this transition also expands the attack surface,introducing critical security vulnerabilities.To address these challenges,this article proposes a hybrid intrusion detection scheme for securing ICPSs that combines system state anomaly and network traffic anomaly detection.Specifically,an improved variation-Bayesian-based noise covariance-adaptive nonlinear Kalman filtering(IVB-NCA-NLKF)method is developed to model nonlinear system dynamics,enabling optimal state estimation in multi-sensor ICPS environments.Intrusions within the physical sensing system are identified by analyzing residual discrepancies between predicted and observed system states.Simultaneously,an adaptive network traffic anomaly detection mechanism is introduced,leveraging learned traffic patterns to detect node-and network-level anomalies through pattern matching.Extensive experiments on a simulated network control system demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves higher detection accuracy(92.14%)with a reduced false alarm rate(0.81%).Moreover,it not only detects known attacks and vulnerabilities but also uncovers stealthy attacks that induce system state deviations,providing a robust and comprehensive security solution for the safety protection of ICPS.展开更多
The safety and reliability of mechatronics systems,particularly the high-end,large and key mechatronics equipment in service,can strongly influence on production efficiency,personnel safety,resources and environment.B...The safety and reliability of mechatronics systems,particularly the high-end,large and key mechatronics equipment in service,can strongly influence on production efficiency,personnel safety,resources and environment.Based on the demands of development of modern industries and technologies such as international industry 4.0,Made-in-China 2025 and Internet + and so on,this paper started from revealing the regularity of evolution of running state of equipment and the methods of signal processing of low signal noise ratio,proposed the key information technology of state monitoring and earlyfault-warning for equipment,put forward the typical technical line and major technical content,introduced the application of the technology to realize modern predictive maintenance of equipment and introduced the development of relevant safety monitoring instruments.The technology will play an important role in ensuring the safety of equipment in service,preventing accidents and realizing scientific maintenance.展开更多
The transmission line tower will be affected by bad weather and artificial subsidence caused by the foundation and other factors in the power transmission.The tower’s tilt and severe deformation will cause the buildi...The transmission line tower will be affected by bad weather and artificial subsidence caused by the foundation and other factors in the power transmission.The tower’s tilt and severe deformation will cause the building to collapse.Many small changes caused the tower’s collapse,but the early staff often could not intuitively notice the changes in the tower’s state.In the current tower online monitoring system,terminal equipment often needs to replace batteries frequently due to premature exhaustion of power.According to the need for real-time measurement of power line tower,this research designed a real-time monitoring device monitoring the transmission tower attitude tilting and foundation state based on the inertial sensor,the acceleration of 3 axis inertial sensor and angular velocity raw data to pole average filtering pre-processing,and then through the complementary filtering algorithm for comprehensive calculation of tilt angle,the system meets the demand for inclined online monitoring of power line poles and towers regarding measurement accuracy,with low cost and power consumption.The optimization multi-sensor cooperative detection and correction measured tilt angle result relative accuracy can reach 1.03%,which has specific promotion and application value since the system has the advantages of unattended and efficient calculation.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter deals with the stabilization problem of nonlinear stochastic systems via self-triggered impulsive control(STIC), where the timing of impulsive control actions is not dependent on continuous sta...Dear Editor,This letter deals with the stabilization problem of nonlinear stochastic systems via self-triggered impulsive control(STIC), where the timing of impulsive control actions is not dependent on continuous state monitoring. In contrast to the existing self-triggered control method, novel self-triggered mechanism(STM) is proposed by incorporating a waiting time for stabilizing impulses. This allows for direct prediction of the next impulsive instant.展开更多
Objectives: The study was to determine the impact of using the FreeStyle Libre<sup>TM</sup> flash glucose monitoring system on glycemic control and the rate of events due to diabetes in people with diabete...Objectives: The study was to determine the impact of using the FreeStyle Libre<sup>TM</sup> flash glucose monitoring system on glycemic control and the rate of events due to diabetes in people with diabetes from different types and age groups. Methods: a retrospective cohort chart review study was carried out at three centers in the Taif region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: The study was approved by an accredited centralized institutional review board. Paper or electronic medical records were included for individuals of any age with diabetes (type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes) managed with diet, insulin therapy, or/and oral antihyperglycemic medication and/or non-insulin injection therapy. The primary outcome measure was the laboratory HbA1c level as well as reduction. Secondary outcome measures were frequency of severe hypoglycemia, admission to hospital or ER visit related to diabetes complications, and severe hyperglycemia (DKA or HHS). Results: Data was analyzed from 1695 patients. The average HbA1c before using the flash glucose monitoring system was 9.60% ± 1.44% and 3 months HbA1c after using the FreeStyle Libre<sup>TM</sup> flash glucose monitoring system was 8.70% + 1.45% for a difference of -0.90% ([95% CI -0.92: -0.88];p 65 years, (p-values Conclusion: The benefits of using the FreeStyle Libre<sup>TM</sup> flash glucose monitoring system are self-evident in reducing HbA1c and events due to hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.展开更多
We present a novel,low-cost optical sensor for accurate real-time monitoring of the state of charge(SoC)and total vanadium concentration in vanadium flow batteries.Using only six discrete wavelengths,the sensor achiev...We present a novel,low-cost optical sensor for accurate real-time monitoring of the state of charge(SoC)and total vanadium concentration in vanadium flow batteries.Using only six discrete wavelengths,the sensor achieves precision comparable to full-spectrum methods while significantly reducing equipment costs and complexity.A general deconvolution method is used to measure the SoC and the total vanadium concentration in both the negolyte and posolyte,with calibration covering concentrations from 1.21 to 1.82 mol/L.We achieve root mean square error(RMSE)values of 1.2%and 3.2%for the SoC,and 54 mmol/L and 97 mmol/L for the total vanadium concentration in the negolyte and posolyte,respectively,demonstrating excellent agreement with reference ultraviolet visible(UV-vis)data.In addition,a wavelength optimization study is proposed to determine the optimal number and placement of spectral channels,providing a basis for the design of tailored optical sensors for vanadium electrolytes.展开更多
This paper presented a fuzzy Petri net model to deal with the monitoring of robotic assembly. Based on the fuzzy Petri net model, an efficient composite reasoning mode was proposed to perform fuzzy reasoning automatie...This paper presented a fuzzy Petri net model to deal with the monitoring of robotic assembly. Based on the fuzzy Petri net model, an efficient composite reasoning mode was proposed to perform fuzzy reasoning automatiealy. It can determine whether there exists an antecedent-consequence relationship between two contact states. Furthermore, various types of sensor signals can be converted to the same form of real values between zero and one, and the contradiction among large number, high degree of truth and importance of input conditions can be resolved very well by introducing the weight factors and priorities for sensor signals. Finally, a peg- in-the-hole example was given to illustrate the reasonability and feasibility of the proposed model.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant No.62371187the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.2024JJ8309 and 2023JJ50495.
文摘The integration of cloud computing into traditional industrial control systems is accelerating the evolution of Industrial Cyber-Physical System(ICPS),enhancing intelligence and autonomy.However,this transition also expands the attack surface,introducing critical security vulnerabilities.To address these challenges,this article proposes a hybrid intrusion detection scheme for securing ICPSs that combines system state anomaly and network traffic anomaly detection.Specifically,an improved variation-Bayesian-based noise covariance-adaptive nonlinear Kalman filtering(IVB-NCA-NLKF)method is developed to model nonlinear system dynamics,enabling optimal state estimation in multi-sensor ICPS environments.Intrusions within the physical sensing system are identified by analyzing residual discrepancies between predicted and observed system states.Simultaneously,an adaptive network traffic anomaly detection mechanism is introduced,leveraging learned traffic patterns to detect node-and network-level anomalies through pattern matching.Extensive experiments on a simulated network control system demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves higher detection accuracy(92.14%)with a reduced false alarm rate(0.81%).Moreover,it not only detects known attacks and vulnerabilities but also uncovers stealthy attacks that induce system state deviations,providing a robust and comprehensive security solution for the safety protection of ICPS.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51275052)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.3131002)
文摘The safety and reliability of mechatronics systems,particularly the high-end,large and key mechatronics equipment in service,can strongly influence on production efficiency,personnel safety,resources and environment.Based on the demands of development of modern industries and technologies such as international industry 4.0,Made-in-China 2025 and Internet + and so on,this paper started from revealing the regularity of evolution of running state of equipment and the methods of signal processing of low signal noise ratio,proposed the key information technology of state monitoring and earlyfault-warning for equipment,put forward the typical technical line and major technical content,introduced the application of the technology to realize modern predictive maintenance of equipment and introduced the development of relevant safety monitoring instruments.The technology will play an important role in ensuring the safety of equipment in service,preventing accidents and realizing scientific maintenance.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62172242,51901152)Industry University Cooperation Education Program of the Ministry of Education(No.2020021680113)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China.
文摘The transmission line tower will be affected by bad weather and artificial subsidence caused by the foundation and other factors in the power transmission.The tower’s tilt and severe deformation will cause the building to collapse.Many small changes caused the tower’s collapse,but the early staff often could not intuitively notice the changes in the tower’s state.In the current tower online monitoring system,terminal equipment often needs to replace batteries frequently due to premature exhaustion of power.According to the need for real-time measurement of power line tower,this research designed a real-time monitoring device monitoring the transmission tower attitude tilting and foundation state based on the inertial sensor,the acceleration of 3 axis inertial sensor and angular velocity raw data to pole average filtering pre-processing,and then through the complementary filtering algorithm for comprehensive calculation of tilt angle,the system meets the demand for inclined online monitoring of power line poles and towers regarding measurement accuracy,with low cost and power consumption.The optimization multi-sensor cooperative detection and correction measured tilt angle result relative accuracy can reach 1.03%,which has specific promotion and application value since the system has the advantages of unattended and efficient calculation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62403393,12202058,62103118)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021T140160,2023 T160051)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB 2023NSCQ-MSX0152)
文摘Dear Editor,This letter deals with the stabilization problem of nonlinear stochastic systems via self-triggered impulsive control(STIC), where the timing of impulsive control actions is not dependent on continuous state monitoring. In contrast to the existing self-triggered control method, novel self-triggered mechanism(STM) is proposed by incorporating a waiting time for stabilizing impulses. This allows for direct prediction of the next impulsive instant.
文摘Objectives: The study was to determine the impact of using the FreeStyle Libre<sup>TM</sup> flash glucose monitoring system on glycemic control and the rate of events due to diabetes in people with diabetes from different types and age groups. Methods: a retrospective cohort chart review study was carried out at three centers in the Taif region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: The study was approved by an accredited centralized institutional review board. Paper or electronic medical records were included for individuals of any age with diabetes (type 1, type 2, gestational diabetes) managed with diet, insulin therapy, or/and oral antihyperglycemic medication and/or non-insulin injection therapy. The primary outcome measure was the laboratory HbA1c level as well as reduction. Secondary outcome measures were frequency of severe hypoglycemia, admission to hospital or ER visit related to diabetes complications, and severe hyperglycemia (DKA or HHS). Results: Data was analyzed from 1695 patients. The average HbA1c before using the flash glucose monitoring system was 9.60% ± 1.44% and 3 months HbA1c after using the FreeStyle Libre<sup>TM</sup> flash glucose monitoring system was 8.70% + 1.45% for a difference of -0.90% ([95% CI -0.92: -0.88];p 65 years, (p-values Conclusion: The benefits of using the FreeStyle Libre<sup>TM</sup> flash glucose monitoring system are self-evident in reducing HbA1c and events due to hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.
基金supported by Grant TED2021-129378B-C21 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033by the“European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”support of an MCSA-Cofund“Energy for Future”postdoctoral research fellowship(E4F)from the Spanish Iberdrola Foundation(GA101034297)。
文摘We present a novel,low-cost optical sensor for accurate real-time monitoring of the state of charge(SoC)and total vanadium concentration in vanadium flow batteries.Using only six discrete wavelengths,the sensor achieves precision comparable to full-spectrum methods while significantly reducing equipment costs and complexity.A general deconvolution method is used to measure the SoC and the total vanadium concentration in both the negolyte and posolyte,with calibration covering concentrations from 1.21 to 1.82 mol/L.We achieve root mean square error(RMSE)values of 1.2%and 3.2%for the SoC,and 54 mmol/L and 97 mmol/L for the total vanadium concentration in the negolyte and posolyte,respectively,demonstrating excellent agreement with reference ultraviolet visible(UV-vis)data.In addition,a wavelength optimization study is proposed to determine the optimal number and placement of spectral channels,providing a basis for the design of tailored optical sensors for vanadium electrolytes.
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Prgram of China(Grant No2001AA42250)
文摘This paper presented a fuzzy Petri net model to deal with the monitoring of robotic assembly. Based on the fuzzy Petri net model, an efficient composite reasoning mode was proposed to perform fuzzy reasoning automatiealy. It can determine whether there exists an antecedent-consequence relationship between two contact states. Furthermore, various types of sensor signals can be converted to the same form of real values between zero and one, and the contradiction among large number, high degree of truth and importance of input conditions can be resolved very well by introducing the weight factors and priorities for sensor signals. Finally, a peg- in-the-hole example was given to illustrate the reasonability and feasibility of the proposed model.
