The emergence of smart grids in India is propelled by an intricate interaction of market dynamics,regulatory structures,and stakeholder obligations.This study analyzes the primary factors that are driving the widespre...The emergence of smart grids in India is propelled by an intricate interaction of market dynamics,regulatory structures,and stakeholder obligations.This study analyzes the primary factors that are driving the widespread use of smart grid technologies and outlines the specific roles and obligations of different stakeholders,such as government entities,utility companies,technology suppliers,and consumers.Government activities and regulations are crucial in facilitating the implementation of smart grid technology by offering financial incentives,regulatory assistance,and strategic guidance.Utility firms have the responsibility of implementing and integrating smart grid infrastructure,with an emphasis on improving the dependability of the grid,minimizing losses in transmission and distribution,and integrating renewable energy sources.Technology companies offer the essential hardware and software solutions,which stimulate creativity and enhance efficiency.Consumers actively engage in the energy ecosystem by participating in demand response,implementing energy saving measures,and adopting distributed energy resources like solar panels and electric vehicles.This study examines the difficulties and possibilities in India’s smart grid industry,highlighting the importance of cooperation among stakeholders to build a strong,effective,and environmentally friendly energy future.展开更多
This study explores off-grid power generation business models in the Lao People's Democratic Republic(Lao PDR),with the objective of identifying viable pathways to expand energy access in rural and underserved reg...This study explores off-grid power generation business models in the Lao People's Democratic Republic(Lao PDR),with the objective of identifying viable pathways to expand energy access in rural and underserved regions.The research aims to analyze and evaluate various business models in terms of their technical,economic,and social viability within the unique geographic and policy context of Lao PDR.There are two level of the research objectives:High Level Objectives(HLO)and Concreted Research Objectives(CRO).For HLO is that an appropriated off-grid power generation business model for Laos supports the Lao PDR Government’s commitment to promote an inclusive green growth development agenda that ensures lowered GHG emissions and increased energy efficiency.The Lao PDR National Determined Contribution(NDC)to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)notes the country’s ambitious plans to lower energy consumption and reduce GHG emissions.While the CRO are focused on learning strategies,regulation and practical lessons from other countries the ASEAN region on the off-grid development and business model.To analyze and investigate the environmental strategy of business model under external and internal context and related and considered factors.And finally,this is to conclude and recommend the off-grid power generation business model as the research conclusion,which will become a support mechanism for the companies to operate consistently over many years into the future according to ambitious goal for supplying modern and save energy for rural families by 2030.展开更多
The stakeholders'perceptions of forest ecosystem services(FESs)vary among different stakeholder groups.This study,using China's Shennongjia National Park Pilot(SNP)and Canada's Banff National Park(BNP)as c...The stakeholders'perceptions of forest ecosystem services(FESs)vary among different stakeholder groups.This study,using China's Shennongjia National Park Pilot(SNP)and Canada's Banff National Park(BNP)as case studies,identifies and evaluates the preference characteristics of key stakeholders(including farmers,individual operators,government officials,and tourists)toward various FESs.We utilized Q-methodology and semistructured interviews to conduct a sorting of 23 Q-statements regarding FESs,across 7 categories(ranging from−3 to+3),with 24 Q-participants.Stakeholders'preferences toward FESs were categorized into 3 common perspectives:tourism and culture,production and livelihood,and ecological conservation.Different types of stakeholders hold both consensus and divergence regarding their views on FESs.For instance,there was strong consensus on services related to“natural ecotourism and biodiversity conservation”,while stakeholders expressed strong opposition regarding services related to“forest protection”.Furthermore,stakeholders elucidated the reasons behind their preferences for different types of FESs.Overall,our study indicates that besides considering the services provided by forests themselves,policymakers also need to pay attention to the preferences and divergences in needs among stakeholders of national parks.This ensures a more comprehensive fulfillment of diverse societal needs and facilitates the formulation of more effective policies to promote the sustainable management and conservation of national parks.展开更多
REDD+1is an economic incentivizing mechanism aimed at reducing or offsetting of carbon emissions in forests,while realizing multiple benefits alongside climate action. Engaging local stakeholders is crucial for its su...REDD+1is an economic incentivizing mechanism aimed at reducing or offsetting of carbon emissions in forests,while realizing multiple benefits alongside climate action. Engaging local stakeholders is crucial for its sustainable implementation and benefit-sharing mechanism. This study focuses on the knowledge and understanding of locallevel stakeholders about REDD+and its associated attributes, revealing significant knowledge gaps between areas with and without REDD+pilot activities. For this, we conducted the semi-structured questionnaire interviews(n=136), key informant interviews(n=27), and focus group discussions(n=4) with local-level REDD+stakeholders(LLRS) comprising both inside and outside of pilot project districts in three provinces of Nepal, by adopting the concept of socio-ecological systems(SES). Data were analyzed using a generalized linear model(GLM) and visualized through Sankey diagrams. The results indicate a poor understanding(29%) of LLRS on the REDD+process, its relationship with forests, concerns among stakeholders, and its potential significance. The perception of REDD+knowledge, mechanisms, and benefits significantly(p < 0.05) varied across study areas, age groups, genders, professional backgrounds, educational levels, ownership of private forests, and types of household energy sources used among respondents. Despite receiving readiness funds, stakeholders' comprehension of the REDD+process remains limited, indicating suboptimal policy implementation. Knowledge gaps were influenced by social background, voices and choices, and the fear of REDD+disrupting traditional practices among the LLRS. The study emphasizes the need to redress the concerns of LLRS by considering their social backgrounds and traditional practices through informed and participatory decision-making, enhance communication, transparency,and inclusive forest governance. The findings show that current external support has not sufficiently enhanced capacity among LLRS, suggesting the need for sufficient and sustainable support through national policy and financing mechanisms. Further, the study identified extremely poor REDD+-related knowledge dissemination within communities, exacerbating challenges in implementation and benefit-sharing mechanisms, revealing the simplification of its process is essential. The study advocates for revising REDD+-related policies to optimize benefits, ensure smooth implementation, realize fair and equitable carbon credits from forests, and foster shared responsibility and ownership among all stakeholders in climate actions through improved forest governance.展开更多
文摘The emergence of smart grids in India is propelled by an intricate interaction of market dynamics,regulatory structures,and stakeholder obligations.This study analyzes the primary factors that are driving the widespread use of smart grid technologies and outlines the specific roles and obligations of different stakeholders,such as government entities,utility companies,technology suppliers,and consumers.Government activities and regulations are crucial in facilitating the implementation of smart grid technology by offering financial incentives,regulatory assistance,and strategic guidance.Utility firms have the responsibility of implementing and integrating smart grid infrastructure,with an emphasis on improving the dependability of the grid,minimizing losses in transmission and distribution,and integrating renewable energy sources.Technology companies offer the essential hardware and software solutions,which stimulate creativity and enhance efficiency.Consumers actively engage in the energy ecosystem by participating in demand response,implementing energy saving measures,and adopting distributed energy resources like solar panels and electric vehicles.This study examines the difficulties and possibilities in India’s smart grid industry,highlighting the importance of cooperation among stakeholders to build a strong,effective,and environmentally friendly energy future.
文摘This study explores off-grid power generation business models in the Lao People's Democratic Republic(Lao PDR),with the objective of identifying viable pathways to expand energy access in rural and underserved regions.The research aims to analyze and evaluate various business models in terms of their technical,economic,and social viability within the unique geographic and policy context of Lao PDR.There are two level of the research objectives:High Level Objectives(HLO)and Concreted Research Objectives(CRO).For HLO is that an appropriated off-grid power generation business model for Laos supports the Lao PDR Government’s commitment to promote an inclusive green growth development agenda that ensures lowered GHG emissions and increased energy efficiency.The Lao PDR National Determined Contribution(NDC)to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)notes the country’s ambitious plans to lower energy consumption and reduce GHG emissions.While the CRO are focused on learning strategies,regulation and practical lessons from other countries the ASEAN region on the off-grid development and business model.To analyze and investigate the environmental strategy of business model under external and internal context and related and considered factors.And finally,this is to conclude and recommend the off-grid power generation business model as the research conclusion,which will become a support mechanism for the companies to operate consistently over many years into the future according to ambitious goal for supplying modern and save energy for rural families by 2030.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(grant no.202206760062)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32471863)+2 种基金the Project of Background Resources Survey in Shennongjia National Park(SNJNP2023013)the Open Project Fund of Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation Biology of Shennongjia Snubnosed Monkeys(SNJGKL2023013)UBC-APFNet National Park Research(grant no.GR025939)
文摘The stakeholders'perceptions of forest ecosystem services(FESs)vary among different stakeholder groups.This study,using China's Shennongjia National Park Pilot(SNP)and Canada's Banff National Park(BNP)as case studies,identifies and evaluates the preference characteristics of key stakeholders(including farmers,individual operators,government officials,and tourists)toward various FESs.We utilized Q-methodology and semistructured interviews to conduct a sorting of 23 Q-statements regarding FESs,across 7 categories(ranging from−3 to+3),with 24 Q-participants.Stakeholders'preferences toward FESs were categorized into 3 common perspectives:tourism and culture,production and livelihood,and ecological conservation.Different types of stakeholders hold both consensus and divergence regarding their views on FESs.For instance,there was strong consensus on services related to“natural ecotourism and biodiversity conservation”,while stakeholders expressed strong opposition regarding services related to“forest protection”.Furthermore,stakeholders elucidated the reasons behind their preferences for different types of FESs.Overall,our study indicates that besides considering the services provided by forests themselves,policymakers also need to pay attention to the preferences and divergences in needs among stakeholders of national parks.This ensures a more comprehensive fulfillment of diverse societal needs and facilitates the formulation of more effective policies to promote the sustainable management and conservation of national parks.
文摘REDD+1is an economic incentivizing mechanism aimed at reducing or offsetting of carbon emissions in forests,while realizing multiple benefits alongside climate action. Engaging local stakeholders is crucial for its sustainable implementation and benefit-sharing mechanism. This study focuses on the knowledge and understanding of locallevel stakeholders about REDD+and its associated attributes, revealing significant knowledge gaps between areas with and without REDD+pilot activities. For this, we conducted the semi-structured questionnaire interviews(n=136), key informant interviews(n=27), and focus group discussions(n=4) with local-level REDD+stakeholders(LLRS) comprising both inside and outside of pilot project districts in three provinces of Nepal, by adopting the concept of socio-ecological systems(SES). Data were analyzed using a generalized linear model(GLM) and visualized through Sankey diagrams. The results indicate a poor understanding(29%) of LLRS on the REDD+process, its relationship with forests, concerns among stakeholders, and its potential significance. The perception of REDD+knowledge, mechanisms, and benefits significantly(p < 0.05) varied across study areas, age groups, genders, professional backgrounds, educational levels, ownership of private forests, and types of household energy sources used among respondents. Despite receiving readiness funds, stakeholders' comprehension of the REDD+process remains limited, indicating suboptimal policy implementation. Knowledge gaps were influenced by social background, voices and choices, and the fear of REDD+disrupting traditional practices among the LLRS. The study emphasizes the need to redress the concerns of LLRS by considering their social backgrounds and traditional practices through informed and participatory decision-making, enhance communication, transparency,and inclusive forest governance. The findings show that current external support has not sufficiently enhanced capacity among LLRS, suggesting the need for sufficient and sustainable support through national policy and financing mechanisms. Further, the study identified extremely poor REDD+-related knowledge dissemination within communities, exacerbating challenges in implementation and benefit-sharing mechanisms, revealing the simplification of its process is essential. The study advocates for revising REDD+-related policies to optimize benefits, ensure smooth implementation, realize fair and equitable carbon credits from forests, and foster shared responsibility and ownership among all stakeholders in climate actions through improved forest governance.
