Installing internal bulkheads in a composite bucket foundation alters the rotational symmetry characteristic of a single-compartment bucket foundation,consequently influencing the stress distribution within the bucket...Installing internal bulkheads in a composite bucket foundation alters the rotational symmetry characteristic of a single-compartment bucket foundation,consequently influencing the stress distribution within the bucket and surrounding soil.During the seabed penetration of a spudcan from a jack-up wind turbine installation vessel,an angle may form between the spudcan’s axis and the axis of symmetry of the adjacent composite bucket foundation in the horizontal plane.Such a misalignment may affect load distribution and the non-uniform interaction between the foundation,soil,and spudcan,ultimately influencing the foundation’s stability.This study employs physical model tests to ascertain the trends in end resistance during spudcan penetration in sand,the extent of soil disturbance,and the backflow condition.The finite element coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method is validated and utilized to determine the range of penetration angles that induce alterations in the maximum vertical displacement and tilt rate of the composite bucket foundation in sand.The differential contact stress distribution at the base of the bucket is analyzed,with qualitative criteria for sand backflow provided.Findings demonstrate that the maximum vertical displacement and tilt rate of the composite bucket foundation display a“wave-like”variation with the increasing spudcan penetration angle,peaking when the angle between the spudcan and bulkhead is the smallest.Stress distribution is predominantly concentrated at the base and apex of the bucket,becoming increasingly uneven as the penetration angle deviates from the foundation’s symmetry axis.The maximum stress gradually shifts to the junction of the bulkhead and bucket bottom on the side with the shortest net distance from the spudcan.Considering the in-place stability and stress state of the composite bucket foundation is therefore imperative,and particular attention should be paid to the foundation’s state when the angle between the spudcan and bulkhead is small.展开更多
Monocolumn composite bucket foundation is a new type of offshore wind energy foundation.Its bearing characteristics under shallow bedrock conditions and complex geological conditions have not been extensively studied....Monocolumn composite bucket foundation is a new type of offshore wind energy foundation.Its bearing characteristics under shallow bedrock conditions and complex geological conditions have not been extensively studied.Therefore,to analyze its bearing characteristics under complex conditions-such as silty soil,chalky soil,and shallow bedrock-this paper employs finite element software to establish various soil combination scenarios.The load-displacement curves of the foundations under these scenarios are calculated to subsequently evaluate the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity.This study investigates the effects of shallow bedrock depth,the type of soil above the bedrock,the thickness of layered soil,and the quality of layered soil on the bearing characteristics of the monocolumn composite bucket foundation.Based on the principle of single-variable control,the ultimate bearing capacity characteristics of the foundation under different conditions are compared.The distribution of soil pressure inside and outside the bucket wall on the compressed side of the foundation,along with the plastic strain of the soil at the base of the foundation,is also analyzed.In conclusion,shallow bedrock somewhat reduces foundation bearing capacity.Under shallow bedrock conditions,the degree of influence on foundation bearing capacity characteristics can considerably vary on different upper soils.The thickness of each soil layer and the depth to bedrock in stratified soils also affect the bearing capacity of the foundation.The findings of this paper provide a theoretical reference for related foundation design and construction.In practice,the bearing performance of the foundation can be enhanced by improvingthe soil quality in the bucket,adjusting the penetration depth,adjusting the percentage of different types of soil layers in the bucket,and applying other technical construction methods.展开更多
With the emergence of general foundational models,such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT),researchers have shown considerable interest in the potential applications of foundation models in the process...With the emergence of general foundational models,such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT),researchers have shown considerable interest in the potential applications of foundation models in the process industry.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities presented by the use of foundation models in the process industry,including the frameworks,core applications,and future prospects.First,this paper proposes a framework for foundation models for the process industry.Second,it summarizes the key capabilities of industrial foundation models and their practical applications.Finally,it highlights future research directions and identifies unresolved open issues related to the use of foundation models in the process industry.展开更多
Under the combination of currents and waves, seabed scour occurs around offshore wind turbine foundations, which affects the stability and safe operation of offshore wind turbines. In this study, physical model experi...Under the combination of currents and waves, seabed scour occurs around offshore wind turbine foundations, which affects the stability and safe operation of offshore wind turbines. In this study, physical model experiments under unidirectional flow, bidirectional flow, and wave-current interactions with different flow directions around the pile group foundation were first conducted to investigate the development of scour around the pile group foundation.Additionally, a three-dimensional scour numerical model was established via the open-source software REEF3D to simulate the flow field and scour around the prototype-scale foundation. The impact of flow on scour was discussed.Under unidirectional flow, scour equilibrium was reached more quickly, with the maximum scour depth reaching approximately 1.2 times the pile diameter and the extent of the scour hole spanning about 4.9 times the pile diameter.Compared with those under unidirectional flow, the scour depths under combinations of currents and waves, as well as bidirectional flow, were slightly smaller. However, the morphology of scour holes was more uniform and symmetrical. The numerical simulation results show good agreement with the experimental data, demonstrating the impact of varying flow directions on the velocity distribution around the foundation, the morphology of scour holes, and the location of the maximum scour depth.展开更多
Health information spreads rapidly,which can effectively control epidemics.However,the swift dissemination of information also has potential negative impacts,which increasingly attracts attention.Message fatigue refer...Health information spreads rapidly,which can effectively control epidemics.However,the swift dissemination of information also has potential negative impacts,which increasingly attracts attention.Message fatigue refers to the psychological response characterized by feelings of boredom and anxiety that occur after receiving an excessive amount of similar information.This phenomenon can alter individual behaviors related to epidemic prevention.Additionally,recent studies indicate that pairwise interactions alone are insufficient to describe complex social transmission processes,and higher-order structures representing group interactions are crucial.To address this,we develop a novel epidemic model that investigates the interactions between information,behavioral responses,and epidemics.Our model incorporates the impact of message fatigue on the entire transmission system.The information layer is modeled using a static simplicial network to capture group interactions,while the disease layer uses a time-varying network based on activity-driven model with attractiveness to represent the self-protection behaviors of susceptible individuals and self-isolation behaviors of infected individuals.We theoretically describe the co-evolution equations using the microscopic Markov chain approach(MMCA)and get the epidemic threshold.Experimental results show that while the negative impact of message fatigue on epidemic transmission is limited,it significantly weakens the group interactions depicted by higher-order structures.Individual behavioral responses strongly inhibit the epidemic.Our simulations using the Monte Carlo(MC)method demonstrate that greater intensity in these responses leads to clustering of susceptible individuals in the disease layer.Finally,we apply the proposed model to real networks to verify its reliability.In summary,our research results enhance the understanding of the information-epidemic coupling dynamics,and we expect to provide valuable guidance for managing future emerging epidemics.展开更多
The problems noted in the structures built on wooden foundation piles in a lake environment required various works to strengthen over time.This work mainly consists of the recovery of the foundation mass by micropiles...The problems noted in the structures built on wooden foundation piles in a lake environment required various works to strengthen over time.This work mainly consists of the recovery of the foundation mass by micropiles due to the increase in loads on the structures,or the recovery of the foundation mass by injection,which is carried out when voids form between the ground and the wooden foundation elements.The high cost of foundation reinforcement methods led the National Agency for the Development of Tourist Heritage in Benin(ANPT)to replace the wooden foundation piles with reinforced concrete piles in the implementation of the project“reinventing the lakeside city of Ganvié”.This article presents an artisanal technology for the creation of reinforced concrete foundation piles in a lake environment.On-site examples made it possible to evaluate the performance of this artisanal implementation technique.The installation of these piles is carried out following manual drilling,followed by the installation of reinforcement and the pouring of concrete on site.The implementation of reinforced concrete foundation piles in place of the wooden ones studied in this article only impacted the infrastructure of the homes of the lakeside town of Ganviébut not the superstructure,which preserved the old traditional wooden architecture and thatched roofs.Thus,the ambition to move this city of Ganviéfrom the stage of a lake village to that of a floating city is very successful.This will contribute to improving the environment and living conditions of the populations and will promote economic development through tourism.展开更多
On April 26,the China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD),in collaboration with the Shenzhen Foundation for International Exchange and Cooperation(SFIEC),the Shenzhen Ye Chenghai Charity Foundation and the Chin...On April 26,the China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD),in collaboration with the Shenzhen Foundation for International Exchange and Cooperation(SFIEC),the Shenzhen Ye Chenghai Charity Foundation and the China-Myanmar Economic Cooperation and Development Promotion Association(Myanmar),held a handover ceremony at Yangon Airport to donate five tons of medicine to the disasterstricken areas of Myanmar.展开更多
The existing analytical models for umbrella arch method(UAM)based on elastic foundation beams often overlook the influence of the surrounding soil beyond the beam edges on the shear stresses acting on the beam.Consequ...The existing analytical models for umbrella arch method(UAM)based on elastic foundation beams often overlook the influence of the surrounding soil beyond the beam edges on the shear stresses acting on the beam.Consequently,such models fail to adequately reflect the continuity characteristics of soil deformation.Leveraging the Pasternak foundation-Euler beam model,this study considers the generalized shear force on the beam to account for the influence of soil outside the beam ends on the shear stress.An analytical model for the deformation and internal forces of finite-length beams subjected to arbitrary loads is derived based on the initial parameter method under various conditions.The mechanical model of the elastic foundation beam for advanced umbrella arch under typical tunnel excavation cycles is established,yielding analytical solutions for the longitudinal response of the umbrella arch.The reliability of the analytical model is verified with the existing test data.The improved model addresses anomalies in existing models,such as abnormal upward deformation in the loosened segment and maximum deflection occurring within the soil mass.Additionally,dimensionless characteristic parameters reflecting the relative stiffness between the umbrella arch structure and the foundation soil are proposed.Results indicate that the magnitude of soil characteristic parameters significantly influences the deformation and internal forces of the umbrella arch.Within common ranges of soil values,the maximum deformation and internal forces of the umbrella arch under semi-logarithmic coordinates exhibit nearly linear decay with decreasing soil characteristic parameters.The impact of tunnel excavation height on the stress of unsupported sections of the umbrella arch is minor,but it is more significant for umbrella arch buried within the soil mass.Conversely,the influence of tunnel excavation advance on the umbrella arch is opposite.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ileocecal laterally spreading tumors(LSTs)complicated by appendiceal tubular adenoma are rare and challenging to diagnose because of the absence of typical symptoms and specific diagnostic signs.Traditional...BACKGROUND Ileocecal laterally spreading tumors(LSTs)complicated by appendiceal tubular adenoma are rare and challenging to diagnose because of the absence of typical symptoms and specific diagnostic signs.Traditionally,the primary treatment has been laparoscopic appendectomy(LA).CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old female presented with changes in bowel habits.Colonoscopy revealed an ileocecal LST.The patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection.Postoperative follow-up colonoscopy revealed mucosal elevation at the appendiceal orifice,with pathology confirming tubular adenoma.Abdominal computed tomography indicated a suspicious appendiceal tumor,leading to LA with partial cecectomy.The postoperative recovery was uneventful.At the 1-year follow-up,colonoscopy revealed no evidence of tumor recurrence.CONCLUSION Ileocecal LSTs with appendiceal tubular adenomas are traditionally treated with LA.endoscopic submucosal dissection can also yield favorable outcomes.展开更多
Gastrointestinal(GI)cancers represent a major global health concern due to their high incidence and mortality rates.Foundation models(FMs),also referred to as large models,represent a novel class of artificial intelli...Gastrointestinal(GI)cancers represent a major global health concern due to their high incidence and mortality rates.Foundation models(FMs),also referred to as large models,represent a novel class of artificial intelligence technologies that have demonstrated considerable potential in addressing these challenges.These models encompass large language models(LLMs),vision FMs(VFMs),and multimodal LLMs(MLLMs),all of which utilize transformer architectures and self-supervised pre-training on extensive unlabeled datasets to achieve robust cross-domain generalization.This review delineates the principal applications of these models:LLMs facilitate the structuring of clinical narratives,extraction of insights from medical records,and enhancement of physician-patient communication;VFMs are employed in the analysis of endoscopic,radiological,and pathological images for lesion detection and staging;MLLMs integrate heterogeneous data modalities,including imaging,textual information,and genomic data,to support diagnostic processes,treatment prediction,and prognostic evaluation.Despite these promising developments,several challenges remain,such as the need for data standardization,limited diversity within training datasets,substantial computational resource requirements,and ethical-legal concerns.In conclusion,FMs exhibit significant potential to advance research and clinical management of GI cancers.Future research efforts should prioritize the refinement of these models,promote international collaborations,and adopt interdisciplinary approaches.Such a comprehensive strategy is essential to fully harness the capabilities of FMs,driving substantial progress in the fight against GI malignancies.展开更多
Objective:To predict the distribution of dengue vector Aedes(Ae.)albopictus and identify high-risk areas for dengue fever transmission.Methods:Data on Ae.albopictus occurrences were collected from electronic databases...Objective:To predict the distribution of dengue vector Aedes(Ae.)albopictus and identify high-risk areas for dengue fever transmission.Methods:Data on Ae.albopictus occurrences were collected from electronic databases.Ensemble models were developed to assess the impacts of climate,vegetation,and human activity on Ae.albopictus.The optimal ensemble model was then used to identify the distribution of suitable areas for Ae.albopictus.Results:After removing duplicate sites and retaining only one location per 100 m×100 m grid,189 Ae.albopictus breeding sites were identified.The optimal ensemble model revealed that Ae.albopictus exhibited higher breeding suitability in Shanghai under specific conditions:a normalized difference vegetation index of 0.1 to 0.6,maximum precipitation in the warmest month ranging from 400 mm to 470 mm,maximum temperature in the warmest month between 30.0℃and 31.0℃,and proximity to waterways within 0.5 km.The most suitable habitats for Ae.albopictus were primarily concentrated in Shanghai’s central urban areas and scattered across the inner suburban districts.Conclusions:The high-risk areas of Ae.albopictus are widely distributed throughout the central urban area and scattered across the inner suburban district of Shanghai,creating conditions conducive to the outbreak of dengue fever.It is essential to enhance targeted control measures for Ae.albopictus in the identified risk areas.展开更多
Hu Junhui,president of Tianfu Association(Singapore)and recipient of the Public Service Medal(PBM),has been leading community efforts to help new Chinese immigrants integrate into Singaporean society.Originally from H...Hu Junhui,president of Tianfu Association(Singapore)and recipient of the Public Service Medal(PBM),has been leading community efforts to help new Chinese immigrants integrate into Singaporean society.Originally from Hebei Province in China,Hu arrived in Singapore in 1994 as one of the first technical professionals dispatched by China.Since then,he has built a life and career firmly rooted in Singapore.Over more than four years at China Construction(South Pacific)Development Co Pte Ltd,he rose through the ranks from project engineer to site manager and eventually project director.In 1999,he left the company to start his own business,setting up a construction firm with several partners.His focus shifted to real estate in 2007,when he co-founded JVA Venture Pte Ltd.展开更多
Establish an efficacy evaluation method for foundation products in vivo and vitro.The hiding power,whiteness,waterproof and anti-sweat effect were evaluated in vitro test,where CR ratio,Individual Type Angle (ITA°...Establish an efficacy evaluation method for foundation products in vivo and vitro.The hiding power,whiteness,waterproof and anti-sweat effect were evaluated in vitro test,where CR ratio,Individual Type Angle (ITA°) and chromatic aberration (E) were measured as evaluation indicators by standard black/white cardboard,artificial leather and artificial sweat.In clinical assessment,the anti-stain,waterproof,anti-sweat effect of the foundation products were evaluated through the ΔE change,before and after the treatment of products by staining,wetting,sweating in forearm skin.There were significant differences in CR ratio of different types of samples on standard black and white cardboards (P<0.05),ITA° of artificial leather has a significant increase after treatment (P<0.05),?E﹤1.5 in black cloth after dipping test,while ΔE﹤1.5 in leather after water and artificial sweat treatment.Clinical assessment showed that ?E ﹤50%,which had no significant difference in human skin color,before and after the test (P>0.05).The change trend of efficacy evaluation in vitro test was basically consistent with that of visual evaluation and clinical assessment,indicated that the efficacy evaluation methods of foundation products in vivo and vitro are intuitive,quantifiable,and can be used to evaluate the efficacy of foundation products.展开更多
Information plays a crucial role in guiding behavioral decisions during public health emergencies. Individuals communicate to acquire relevant knowledge about an epidemic, which influences their decisions to adopt pro...Information plays a crucial role in guiding behavioral decisions during public health emergencies. Individuals communicate to acquire relevant knowledge about an epidemic, which influences their decisions to adopt protective measures.However, whether to disseminate specific information is also a behavioral decision. In light of this understanding, we develop a coupled information–vaccination–epidemic model to depict these co-evolutionary dynamics in a three-layer network. Negative information dissemination and vaccination are treated as separate decision-making processes. We then examine the combined effects of herd and risk motives on information dissemination and vaccination decisions through the lens of game theory. The microscopic Markov chain approach(MMCA) is used to describe the dynamic process and to derive the epidemic threshold. Simulation results indicate that increasing the cost of negative information dissemination and providing timely clarification can effectively control the epidemic. Furthermore, a phenomenon of diminishing marginal utility is observed as the cost of dissemination increases, suggesting that authorities do not need to overinvest in suppressing negative information. Conversely, reducing the cost of vaccination and increasing vaccine efficacy emerge as more effective strategies for outbreak control. In addition, we find that the scale of the epidemic is greater when the herd motive dominates behavioral decision-making. In conclusion, this study provides a new perspective for understanding the complexity of epidemic spreading by starting with the construction of different behavioral decisions.展开更多
This paper is devoted to investigating the spreading speed of a time-space periodic epidemic model with vital dynamics and standard incidence in discrete media. We establish the existence of the leftward and rightward...This paper is devoted to investigating the spreading speed of a time-space periodic epidemic model with vital dynamics and standard incidence in discrete media. We establish the existence of the leftward and rightward spreading speeds for the infective individuals, which can be used to estimate how fast the disease spreads. To overcome the difficulty arising from the lack of comparison principle for such time-space periodic nonmonotone systems, our proof is mainly based on constructing a series of scalar time-space periodic equations, establishing the spreading speeds for such auxiliary equations and using comparison methods. It may be the first work to study the spreading speed for time-space periodic non-monotone systems.展开更多
Periodontitis has emerged as one of the most critical oral diseases, and research on this condition holds great importance for the advancement of stomatology. As the most authoritative national scientific research fun...Periodontitis has emerged as one of the most critical oral diseases, and research on this condition holds great importance for the advancement of stomatology. As the most authoritative national scientific research funding institution in China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has played a pivotal role in driving the progress of periodontal science by supporting research on periodontitis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research and development progress related to periodontitis in China from 2014 to 2023, highlighting the significant contributions of the NSFC to this field. We have summarized the detailed funding information from the NSFC, including the number of applicant codes, funded programs and the distribution of funded scholars. These data illustrate the efforts of the NSFC in cultivating young scientists and building research groups to address key challenges in national scientific research. This study offers an overview of the current hot topics, recent breakthroughs and future research prospects related to periodontitis in China.展开更多
Botryosphaeria laricina(larch shoot blight)was first identified in 1973 in Jilin Province,China.The disease spread rapidly and caused considerable damage because its pathogenesis was unknown at the time and there were...Botryosphaeria laricina(larch shoot blight)was first identified in 1973 in Jilin Province,China.The disease spread rapidly and caused considerable damage because its pathogenesis was unknown at the time and there were no effective controls or quarantine methods.At present,it shows a spreading trend,but most research can only conduct physiological analyses within a relatively short period,combining individual influencing factors.Nevertheless,methods such as neural network models,ensemble learning algorithms,and Markov models are used in pest and disease prediction and forecasting.However,there may be fitting issues or inherent limitations associated with these methods.This study obtained B.laricina data at the county level from 2003 to 2021.The dataset was augmented using the SMOTE algorithm,and then algorithms such as XGBoost were used to select the significant features from a combined set of 12 features.A new stacking fusion model has been proposed to predict the status of B.laricina.The model is based on random forest,gradient boosted decision tree,CatBoost and logistic regression algorithms.The accuracy,recall,specificity,precision,F_(1) value and AUC of the model reached 90.9%,91.6%,90.4%,88.8%,90.2%and 96.2%.The results provide evidence of the strong performance and stability of the model.B.laricina is mainly found in the northeast and this study indicates that it is spreading northwest.Reasonable means should be used promptly to prevent further damage and spread.展开更多
Information spreading has been investigated for many years,but the mechanism of why the information explosively catches on overnight is still under debate.This explosive spreading phenomenon was usually considered dri...Information spreading has been investigated for many years,but the mechanism of why the information explosively catches on overnight is still under debate.This explosive spreading phenomenon was usually considered driven separately by social reinforcement or higher-order interactions.However,due to the limitations of empirical data and theoretical analysis,how the higher-order network structure affects the explosive information spreading under the role of social reinforcement has not been fully explored.In this work,we propose an information-spreading model by considering the social reinforcement in real and synthetic higher-order networks,describable as hypergraphs.Depending on the average group size(hyperedge cardinality)and node membership(hyperdegree),we observe two different spreading behaviors:(i)The spreading progress is not sensitive to social reinforcement,resulting in the information localized in a small part of nodes;(ii)a strong social reinforcement will promote the large-scale spread of information and induce an explosive transition.Moreover,a large average group size and membership would be beneficial to the appearance of the explosive transition.Further,we display that the heterogeneity of the node membership and group size distributions benefit the information spreading.Finally,we extend the group-based approximate master equations to verify the simulation results.Our findings may help us to comprehend the rapidly information-spreading phenomenon in modern society.展开更多
For the development of an integrated rounded rectangular wellhead platform with a bucket foundation,a model test was conducted to study the towing motion response of such a structure under still water and wave conditi...For the development of an integrated rounded rectangular wellhead platform with a bucket foundation,a model test was conducted to study the towing motion response of such a structure under still water and wave conditions.The influence of various factors on the floating stability of the structure was investigated through alterations of the towing conditions(draft,towing point position,and wave conditions),and the related influencing mechanism was analyzed.Comparison and analysis were performed to determine the changes in the structure motion pattern and various effects of towing conditions on the structure during towing in still water and regular waves.Moreover,the influence of each factor on the structure’s motion response during towing was analyzed using the Apriori algorithm.In addition,for the simulation of the towing process under actual sea conditions,a towing test was performed under irregular waves,and the stability of towing in irregular waves was compared with that in regular waves.展开更多
文摘Installing internal bulkheads in a composite bucket foundation alters the rotational symmetry characteristic of a single-compartment bucket foundation,consequently influencing the stress distribution within the bucket and surrounding soil.During the seabed penetration of a spudcan from a jack-up wind turbine installation vessel,an angle may form between the spudcan’s axis and the axis of symmetry of the adjacent composite bucket foundation in the horizontal plane.Such a misalignment may affect load distribution and the non-uniform interaction between the foundation,soil,and spudcan,ultimately influencing the foundation’s stability.This study employs physical model tests to ascertain the trends in end resistance during spudcan penetration in sand,the extent of soil disturbance,and the backflow condition.The finite element coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method is validated and utilized to determine the range of penetration angles that induce alterations in the maximum vertical displacement and tilt rate of the composite bucket foundation in sand.The differential contact stress distribution at the base of the bucket is analyzed,with qualitative criteria for sand backflow provided.Findings demonstrate that the maximum vertical displacement and tilt rate of the composite bucket foundation display a“wave-like”variation with the increasing spudcan penetration angle,peaking when the angle between the spudcan and bulkhead is the smallest.Stress distribution is predominantly concentrated at the base and apex of the bucket,becoming increasingly uneven as the penetration angle deviates from the foundation’s symmetry axis.The maximum stress gradually shifts to the junction of the bulkhead and bucket bottom on the side with the shortest net distance from the spudcan.Considering the in-place stability and stress state of the composite bucket foundation is therefore imperative,and particular attention should be paid to the foundation’s state when the angle between the spudcan and bulkhead is small.
文摘Monocolumn composite bucket foundation is a new type of offshore wind energy foundation.Its bearing characteristics under shallow bedrock conditions and complex geological conditions have not been extensively studied.Therefore,to analyze its bearing characteristics under complex conditions-such as silty soil,chalky soil,and shallow bedrock-this paper employs finite element software to establish various soil combination scenarios.The load-displacement curves of the foundations under these scenarios are calculated to subsequently evaluate the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity.This study investigates the effects of shallow bedrock depth,the type of soil above the bedrock,the thickness of layered soil,and the quality of layered soil on the bearing characteristics of the monocolumn composite bucket foundation.Based on the principle of single-variable control,the ultimate bearing capacity characteristics of the foundation under different conditions are compared.The distribution of soil pressure inside and outside the bucket wall on the compressed side of the foundation,along with the plastic strain of the soil at the base of the foundation,is also analyzed.In conclusion,shallow bedrock somewhat reduces foundation bearing capacity.Under shallow bedrock conditions,the degree of influence on foundation bearing capacity characteristics can considerably vary on different upper soils.The thickness of each soil layer and the depth to bedrock in stratified soils also affect the bearing capacity of the foundation.The findings of this paper provide a theoretical reference for related foundation design and construction.In practice,the bearing performance of the foundation can be enhanced by improvingthe soil quality in the bucket,adjusting the penetration depth,adjusting the percentage of different types of soil layers in the bucket,and applying other technical construction methods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62225302,623B2014,and 62173023).
文摘With the emergence of general foundational models,such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT),researchers have shown considerable interest in the potential applications of foundation models in the process industry.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities presented by the use of foundation models in the process industry,including the frameworks,core applications,and future prospects.First,this paper proposes a framework for foundation models for the process industry.Second,it summarizes the key capabilities of industrial foundation models and their practical applications.Finally,it highlights future research directions and identifies unresolved open issues related to the use of foundation models in the process industry.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFB2601100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51979190)。
文摘Under the combination of currents and waves, seabed scour occurs around offshore wind turbine foundations, which affects the stability and safe operation of offshore wind turbines. In this study, physical model experiments under unidirectional flow, bidirectional flow, and wave-current interactions with different flow directions around the pile group foundation were first conducted to investigate the development of scour around the pile group foundation.Additionally, a three-dimensional scour numerical model was established via the open-source software REEF3D to simulate the flow field and scour around the prototype-scale foundation. The impact of flow on scour was discussed.Under unidirectional flow, scour equilibrium was reached more quickly, with the maximum scour depth reaching approximately 1.2 times the pile diameter and the extent of the scour hole spanning about 4.9 times the pile diameter.Compared with those under unidirectional flow, the scour depths under combinations of currents and waves, as well as bidirectional flow, were slightly smaller. However, the morphology of scour holes was more uniform and symmetrical. The numerical simulation results show good agreement with the experimental data, demonstrating the impact of varying flow directions on the velocity distribution around the foundation, the morphology of scour holes, and the location of the maximum scour depth.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72171136 and 72134004)Humanities and Social Science Research Project,Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.21YJC630157)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2022MG008)Shandong Provincial Colleges and Universities Youth Innovation Technology of China(Grant No.2022RW066)。
文摘Health information spreads rapidly,which can effectively control epidemics.However,the swift dissemination of information also has potential negative impacts,which increasingly attracts attention.Message fatigue refers to the psychological response characterized by feelings of boredom and anxiety that occur after receiving an excessive amount of similar information.This phenomenon can alter individual behaviors related to epidemic prevention.Additionally,recent studies indicate that pairwise interactions alone are insufficient to describe complex social transmission processes,and higher-order structures representing group interactions are crucial.To address this,we develop a novel epidemic model that investigates the interactions between information,behavioral responses,and epidemics.Our model incorporates the impact of message fatigue on the entire transmission system.The information layer is modeled using a static simplicial network to capture group interactions,while the disease layer uses a time-varying network based on activity-driven model with attractiveness to represent the self-protection behaviors of susceptible individuals and self-isolation behaviors of infected individuals.We theoretically describe the co-evolution equations using the microscopic Markov chain approach(MMCA)and get the epidemic threshold.Experimental results show that while the negative impact of message fatigue on epidemic transmission is limited,it significantly weakens the group interactions depicted by higher-order structures.Individual behavioral responses strongly inhibit the epidemic.Our simulations using the Monte Carlo(MC)method demonstrate that greater intensity in these responses leads to clustering of susceptible individuals in the disease layer.Finally,we apply the proposed model to real networks to verify its reliability.In summary,our research results enhance the understanding of the information-epidemic coupling dynamics,and we expect to provide valuable guidance for managing future emerging epidemics.
文摘The problems noted in the structures built on wooden foundation piles in a lake environment required various works to strengthen over time.This work mainly consists of the recovery of the foundation mass by micropiles due to the increase in loads on the structures,or the recovery of the foundation mass by injection,which is carried out when voids form between the ground and the wooden foundation elements.The high cost of foundation reinforcement methods led the National Agency for the Development of Tourist Heritage in Benin(ANPT)to replace the wooden foundation piles with reinforced concrete piles in the implementation of the project“reinventing the lakeside city of Ganvié”.This article presents an artisanal technology for the creation of reinforced concrete foundation piles in a lake environment.On-site examples made it possible to evaluate the performance of this artisanal implementation technique.The installation of these piles is carried out following manual drilling,followed by the installation of reinforcement and the pouring of concrete on site.The implementation of reinforced concrete foundation piles in place of the wooden ones studied in this article only impacted the infrastructure of the homes of the lakeside town of Ganviébut not the superstructure,which preserved the old traditional wooden architecture and thatched roofs.Thus,the ambition to move this city of Ganviéfrom the stage of a lake village to that of a floating city is very successful.This will contribute to improving the environment and living conditions of the populations and will promote economic development through tourism.
文摘On April 26,the China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD),in collaboration with the Shenzhen Foundation for International Exchange and Cooperation(SFIEC),the Shenzhen Ye Chenghai Charity Foundation and the China-Myanmar Economic Cooperation and Development Promotion Association(Myanmar),held a handover ceremony at Yangon Airport to donate five tons of medicine to the disasterstricken areas of Myanmar.
基金Projects(52008403,52378421)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2022-Key-10)supported by the Science and Technology Research and Development Program Project of China Railway Group LimitedProject(202207)supported by the Hunan Provincial Transportation Science and Technology,China。
文摘The existing analytical models for umbrella arch method(UAM)based on elastic foundation beams often overlook the influence of the surrounding soil beyond the beam edges on the shear stresses acting on the beam.Consequently,such models fail to adequately reflect the continuity characteristics of soil deformation.Leveraging the Pasternak foundation-Euler beam model,this study considers the generalized shear force on the beam to account for the influence of soil outside the beam ends on the shear stress.An analytical model for the deformation and internal forces of finite-length beams subjected to arbitrary loads is derived based on the initial parameter method under various conditions.The mechanical model of the elastic foundation beam for advanced umbrella arch under typical tunnel excavation cycles is established,yielding analytical solutions for the longitudinal response of the umbrella arch.The reliability of the analytical model is verified with the existing test data.The improved model addresses anomalies in existing models,such as abnormal upward deformation in the loosened segment and maximum deflection occurring within the soil mass.Additionally,dimensionless characteristic parameters reflecting the relative stiffness between the umbrella arch structure and the foundation soil are proposed.Results indicate that the magnitude of soil characteristic parameters significantly influences the deformation and internal forces of the umbrella arch.Within common ranges of soil values,the maximum deformation and internal forces of the umbrella arch under semi-logarithmic coordinates exhibit nearly linear decay with decreasing soil characteristic parameters.The impact of tunnel excavation height on the stress of unsupported sections of the umbrella arch is minor,but it is more significant for umbrella arch buried within the soil mass.Conversely,the influence of tunnel excavation advance on the umbrella arch is opposite.
文摘BACKGROUND Ileocecal laterally spreading tumors(LSTs)complicated by appendiceal tubular adenoma are rare and challenging to diagnose because of the absence of typical symptoms and specific diagnostic signs.Traditionally,the primary treatment has been laparoscopic appendectomy(LA).CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old female presented with changes in bowel habits.Colonoscopy revealed an ileocecal LST.The patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection.Postoperative follow-up colonoscopy revealed mucosal elevation at the appendiceal orifice,with pathology confirming tubular adenoma.Abdominal computed tomography indicated a suspicious appendiceal tumor,leading to LA with partial cecectomy.The postoperative recovery was uneventful.At the 1-year follow-up,colonoscopy revealed no evidence of tumor recurrence.CONCLUSION Ileocecal LSTs with appendiceal tubular adenomas are traditionally treated with LA.endoscopic submucosal dissection can also yield favorable outcomes.
基金Supported by the Open Project Program of Panxi Crops Research and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,No.SZKF202302the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities No.2019CDYGYB024.
文摘Gastrointestinal(GI)cancers represent a major global health concern due to their high incidence and mortality rates.Foundation models(FMs),also referred to as large models,represent a novel class of artificial intelligence technologies that have demonstrated considerable potential in addressing these challenges.These models encompass large language models(LLMs),vision FMs(VFMs),and multimodal LLMs(MLLMs),all of which utilize transformer architectures and self-supervised pre-training on extensive unlabeled datasets to achieve robust cross-domain generalization.This review delineates the principal applications of these models:LLMs facilitate the structuring of clinical narratives,extraction of insights from medical records,and enhancement of physician-patient communication;VFMs are employed in the analysis of endoscopic,radiological,and pathological images for lesion detection and staging;MLLMs integrate heterogeneous data modalities,including imaging,textual information,and genomic data,to support diagnostic processes,treatment prediction,and prognostic evaluation.Despite these promising developments,several challenges remain,such as the need for data standardization,limited diversity within training datasets,substantial computational resource requirements,and ethical-legal concerns.In conclusion,FMs exhibit significant potential to advance research and clinical management of GI cancers.Future research efforts should prioritize the refinement of these models,promote international collaborations,and adopt interdisciplinary approaches.Such a comprehensive strategy is essential to fully harness the capabilities of FMs,driving substantial progress in the fight against GI malignancies.
基金supported by Three-Year Initiative Plan for Strengthening Public Health System Construction in Shanghai(2023-2025)Key Discipline Project(No.GWVI-11.1-12).
文摘Objective:To predict the distribution of dengue vector Aedes(Ae.)albopictus and identify high-risk areas for dengue fever transmission.Methods:Data on Ae.albopictus occurrences were collected from electronic databases.Ensemble models were developed to assess the impacts of climate,vegetation,and human activity on Ae.albopictus.The optimal ensemble model was then used to identify the distribution of suitable areas for Ae.albopictus.Results:After removing duplicate sites and retaining only one location per 100 m×100 m grid,189 Ae.albopictus breeding sites were identified.The optimal ensemble model revealed that Ae.albopictus exhibited higher breeding suitability in Shanghai under specific conditions:a normalized difference vegetation index of 0.1 to 0.6,maximum precipitation in the warmest month ranging from 400 mm to 470 mm,maximum temperature in the warmest month between 30.0℃and 31.0℃,and proximity to waterways within 0.5 km.The most suitable habitats for Ae.albopictus were primarily concentrated in Shanghai’s central urban areas and scattered across the inner suburban districts.Conclusions:The high-risk areas of Ae.albopictus are widely distributed throughout the central urban area and scattered across the inner suburban district of Shanghai,creating conditions conducive to the outbreak of dengue fever.It is essential to enhance targeted control measures for Ae.albopictus in the identified risk areas.
文摘Hu Junhui,president of Tianfu Association(Singapore)and recipient of the Public Service Medal(PBM),has been leading community efforts to help new Chinese immigrants integrate into Singaporean society.Originally from Hebei Province in China,Hu arrived in Singapore in 1994 as one of the first technical professionals dispatched by China.Since then,he has built a life and career firmly rooted in Singapore.Over more than four years at China Construction(South Pacific)Development Co Pte Ltd,he rose through the ranks from project engineer to site manager and eventually project director.In 1999,he left the company to start his own business,setting up a construction firm with several partners.His focus shifted to real estate in 2007,when he co-founded JVA Venture Pte Ltd.
文摘Establish an efficacy evaluation method for foundation products in vivo and vitro.The hiding power,whiteness,waterproof and anti-sweat effect were evaluated in vitro test,where CR ratio,Individual Type Angle (ITA°) and chromatic aberration (E) were measured as evaluation indicators by standard black/white cardboard,artificial leather and artificial sweat.In clinical assessment,the anti-stain,waterproof,anti-sweat effect of the foundation products were evaluated through the ΔE change,before and after the treatment of products by staining,wetting,sweating in forearm skin.There were significant differences in CR ratio of different types of samples on standard black and white cardboards (P<0.05),ITA° of artificial leather has a significant increase after treatment (P<0.05),?E﹤1.5 in black cloth after dipping test,while ΔE﹤1.5 in leather after water and artificial sweat treatment.Clinical assessment showed that ?E ﹤50%,which had no significant difference in human skin color,before and after the test (P>0.05).The change trend of efficacy evaluation in vitro test was basically consistent with that of visual evaluation and clinical assessment,indicated that the efficacy evaluation methods of foundation products in vivo and vitro are intuitive,quantifiable,and can be used to evaluate the efficacy of foundation products.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 72174121)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, and the Soft Science Research Project of Shanghai (Grant No. 22692112600)。
文摘Information plays a crucial role in guiding behavioral decisions during public health emergencies. Individuals communicate to acquire relevant knowledge about an epidemic, which influences their decisions to adopt protective measures.However, whether to disseminate specific information is also a behavioral decision. In light of this understanding, we develop a coupled information–vaccination–epidemic model to depict these co-evolutionary dynamics in a three-layer network. Negative information dissemination and vaccination are treated as separate decision-making processes. We then examine the combined effects of herd and risk motives on information dissemination and vaccination decisions through the lens of game theory. The microscopic Markov chain approach(MMCA) is used to describe the dynamic process and to derive the epidemic threshold. Simulation results indicate that increasing the cost of negative information dissemination and providing timely clarification can effectively control the epidemic. Furthermore, a phenomenon of diminishing marginal utility is observed as the cost of dissemination increases, suggesting that authorities do not need to overinvest in suppressing negative information. Conversely, reducing the cost of vaccination and increasing vaccine efficacy emerge as more effective strategies for outbreak control. In addition, we find that the scale of the epidemic is greater when the herd motive dominates behavioral decision-making. In conclusion, this study provides a new perspective for understanding the complexity of epidemic spreading by starting with the construction of different behavioral decisions.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shanxi(Grant No.2024JC-YBMS-025)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shanxi(Grant No.2024RS-CXTD-88)。
文摘This paper is devoted to investigating the spreading speed of a time-space periodic epidemic model with vital dynamics and standard incidence in discrete media. We establish the existence of the leftward and rightward spreading speeds for the infective individuals, which can be used to estimate how fast the disease spreads. To overcome the difficulty arising from the lack of comparison principle for such time-space periodic nonmonotone systems, our proof is mainly based on constructing a series of scalar time-space periodic equations, establishing the spreading speeds for such auxiliary equations and using comparison methods. It may be the first work to study the spreading speed for time-space periodic non-monotone systems.
文摘Periodontitis has emerged as one of the most critical oral diseases, and research on this condition holds great importance for the advancement of stomatology. As the most authoritative national scientific research funding institution in China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) has played a pivotal role in driving the progress of periodontal science by supporting research on periodontitis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research and development progress related to periodontitis in China from 2014 to 2023, highlighting the significant contributions of the NSFC to this field. We have summarized the detailed funding information from the NSFC, including the number of applicant codes, funded programs and the distribution of funded scholars. These data illustrate the efforts of the NSFC in cultivating young scientists and building research groups to address key challenges in national scientific research. This study offers an overview of the current hot topics, recent breakthroughs and future research prospects related to periodontitis in China.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFD1400300).
文摘Botryosphaeria laricina(larch shoot blight)was first identified in 1973 in Jilin Province,China.The disease spread rapidly and caused considerable damage because its pathogenesis was unknown at the time and there were no effective controls or quarantine methods.At present,it shows a spreading trend,but most research can only conduct physiological analyses within a relatively short period,combining individual influencing factors.Nevertheless,methods such as neural network models,ensemble learning algorithms,and Markov models are used in pest and disease prediction and forecasting.However,there may be fitting issues or inherent limitations associated with these methods.This study obtained B.laricina data at the county level from 2003 to 2021.The dataset was augmented using the SMOTE algorithm,and then algorithms such as XGBoost were used to select the significant features from a combined set of 12 features.A new stacking fusion model has been proposed to predict the status of B.laricina.The model is based on random forest,gradient boosted decision tree,CatBoost and logistic regression algorithms.The accuracy,recall,specificity,precision,F_(1) value and AUC of the model reached 90.9%,91.6%,90.4%,88.8%,90.2%and 96.2%.The results provide evidence of the strong performance and stability of the model.B.laricina is mainly found in the northeast and this study indicates that it is spreading northwest.Reasonable means should be used promptly to prevent further damage and spread.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12305043 and 12165016)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20220511)+1 种基金the Project of Undergraduate Scientific Research(Grant No.22A684)the support from the Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professor Program。
文摘Information spreading has been investigated for many years,but the mechanism of why the information explosively catches on overnight is still under debate.This explosive spreading phenomenon was usually considered driven separately by social reinforcement or higher-order interactions.However,due to the limitations of empirical data and theoretical analysis,how the higher-order network structure affects the explosive information spreading under the role of social reinforcement has not been fully explored.In this work,we propose an information-spreading model by considering the social reinforcement in real and synthetic higher-order networks,describable as hypergraphs.Depending on the average group size(hyperedge cardinality)and node membership(hyperdegree),we observe two different spreading behaviors:(i)The spreading progress is not sensitive to social reinforcement,resulting in the information localized in a small part of nodes;(ii)a strong social reinforcement will promote the large-scale spread of information and induce an explosive transition.Moreover,a large average group size and membership would be beneficial to the appearance of the explosive transition.Further,we display that the heterogeneity of the node membership and group size distributions benefit the information spreading.Finally,we extend the group-based approximate master equations to verify the simulation results.Our findings may help us to comprehend the rapidly information-spreading phenomenon in modern society.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52171274)。
文摘For the development of an integrated rounded rectangular wellhead platform with a bucket foundation,a model test was conducted to study the towing motion response of such a structure under still water and wave conditions.The influence of various factors on the floating stability of the structure was investigated through alterations of the towing conditions(draft,towing point position,and wave conditions),and the related influencing mechanism was analyzed.Comparison and analysis were performed to determine the changes in the structure motion pattern and various effects of towing conditions on the structure during towing in still water and regular waves.Moreover,the influence of each factor on the structure’s motion response during towing was analyzed using the Apriori algorithm.In addition,for the simulation of the towing process under actual sea conditions,a towing test was performed under irregular waves,and the stability of towing in irregular waves was compared with that in regular waves.
