[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrat...[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrated assessment of trapping efficiency of colored sticky cards and sex pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella was conducted by field surveys and structured interview in Tonghai County,Yunnan Province,China.[Result] The results showed that yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone have strong power of trapping Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella（3 414±720 and（219±157） head/piece,respectively）;the control cost by the usage of pesticide is the highest,（10 099.5±2 752.5） yuan/hm^2,yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone takes the second place,（1 125.0±465.0） yuan/hm^2,the control cost by the usage of yellow sticky cards is the lowest,（450.0 ±186.0）yuan/hm^2.Without the usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs are（15.0±2.7） times and（12 070.5±2 136.0） yuan/hm^2;combined with usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs reduce by 5.7 times and 4 618.5 yuan/hm^2.The ratio of trapped beneficial insects and target pests was 1 ∶1 131,which showed that the negative effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on the non-target insects was very limited.[Conclusion] The trapping approach has become popular among all the local farmers.Looking at the above factors,the trapping technology has strong application prospect and promotion value in pest control field.展开更多
The study was conducted to identify Aeromonas spp.and Vibrio spp.from fresh Pangasius fish(n=153)in Cambodia and test their antimicrobial susceptibility to antibiotics.The samples were collected from different wet mar...The study was conducted to identify Aeromonas spp.and Vibrio spp.from fresh Pangasius fish(n=153)in Cambodia and test their antimicrobial susceptibility to antibiotics.The samples were collected from different wet markets of Phnom Penh city and Kampong Thom,and Siem Reap provinces.The bacteria were isolated by using selective medium and their AMR(Antimicrobial Resistance)profile was tested by API 20E technique,respectively.Susceptibility profile was determined for seven antibiotics commonly used.The Vibrio spp.(34.64%,n=53)was found to be higher than Aeromonas spp.(24.83%,n=38).Four Vibrio and four Aeromonas species were identified where V.parahaemolyticus(57%,n=30)was the highest,followed by V.cholerae(38%,n=20),V.fluvialis(3.8%,n=2)and V.aglinolyticus(1.9%,n=1),whereas A.hydrophila(47%,n=18)was the highest,followed by A.hydrophila/caviae(45%,n=17),A.sobria(5%,n=2),A.caviae(2.6%,n=1).All the species presented high multi-resistance to the tested antibiotics.The antibiotic susceptibility profile to ampicillin(74%-100%),ciprofloxacin(7%-100%),sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(14%-100%),florfenicol(14%-100%),oxytetracycline(7%-100%),erythromycin(10%-100%)and colistin sulphate(33%-100%)was revealed resistance level in Aeromonas spp.whereas few species of Vibrio spp.resistant to ampicillin(43%-100%),ciprofloxacin(14%-100%),sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(14%-100%),florfenicol(14%-100%),oxytetracycline(20%-100%),erythromycin(29%-100%),colistin sulphate(33%-100%)were also identified.The results revealed these Aeromonas spp.and Vibrio spp.are potentially reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes.MDR(Multidrug Resistance)was widespread among the samples isolated.That is a high-risk source of contamination since those pathogens and antimicrobials are often used.Our findings highlight that the aquatic environment and fresh Pangasius fish act as reservoirs of AMR Aeromonas spp.and Vibrio spp.which underline the need for a judicious use of antimicrobials and timely surveillance of AMR in aquaculture.Overall,the findings of our study indicated the presence of A.hydrophila,A.hydrophila/caviae,A.caviae,A.sobria,V.parahaemolyticus,V.cholerae,V.alginolyticus and V.fluvialis and high MDR.This result will allow us to identify the potential risk over circulating isolates in animal health and public health and the spread through the food chain offering supports for appropriate sanitary actions.展开更多
Sterile Insect Technique(SIT)has proven effective to reduce tsetse population density in large infected areas where animal African trypanosomosis(AAT)and human African trypanosomiasis(HAT)elimination was difficult to ...Sterile Insect Technique(SIT)has proven effective to reduce tsetse population density in large infected areas where animal African trypanosomosis(AAT)and human African trypanosomiasis(HAT)elimination was difficult to achieve.However,the decrease in mass production of insectary-reared tsetse and the limited but incomplete knowledge on symbiont–trypanosome interaction over time,impede large-scale use of SIT.We investigated the spatiotemporal changes in symbiont prevalence and symbiont–trypanosome interactions in wild tsetse of Sora-Mboum AAT focus in northern Cameroon,collected in 2019 and 2020,to provide insights into the mass production of refractory tsetse.Spiroplasma spp.,Sodalis glossinidius and trypanosomes were screened with PCR.G.tachinoides was the most abundant Glossina species found in Sora-Mboum focus.Symbiont prevalences in G.tachinoides were higher in 2019 compared to 2020,from 67.6%to 53.5%for Spiroplasma spp.and from 28.8%to 8.1%for S.glossinidius.These symbionts were also found at higher prevalence in flies from Mouhoun HAT focus in Burkina Faso.Four trypanosome taxa(Trypanosoma congolense forest type,T.congolense savannah type,T.brucei s.l.,and T.vivax)were found in Sora-Mboum focus and Mouhoun focus,though at lower prevalence in Mouhoun.The presence of Spiroplasma spp.in adult tsetse was negatively associated with that of trypanosomes.Our study highlights the potential of Spiroplasma spp.as a good paratransgenesis candidate to enhance SIT application.This symbiont is naturally found in high proportions of tsetse and could prevent factory flies from acquiring and transmitting trypanosomes during their lifespan when released for population density control.展开更多
Recently,Prevotella spp.,a major genus of gram-negative commensal bacteria in humans,have emerged as a key microbial contributor to host metabolism due to its ability to ferment dietary fibers,produce beneficial short...Recently,Prevotella spp.,a major genus of gram-negative commensal bacteria in humans,have emerged as a key microbial contributor to host metabolism due to its ability to ferment dietary fibers,produce beneficial short-chain fatty acids,and influence immune responses.However,their diversity and functional differences have created challenges for their development and therapeutic use.Recent studies have shown that specific Prevotella species,such as P.copri,P.intestinalis,and P.histicola,can strengthen gut barrier integrity and reduce metabolic imbalances.Notably,Prevotella populations can be increased through high-fiber or herbal-based treatments.Traditional herbal medicines,including fiber-rich decoctions,also demonstrate the potential to boost endogenous Prevotella communities,enhance microbial fermentation,and improve glucose and lipid balance.This perspective examines the context-dependent roles of Prevotella spp.,with emphasis on the functional heterogeneity of key species such as P.copri,suggests a framework for combining herbal modulation with species-level microbiota profiling,and outlines a research plan to explore microbe-herb synergy in treating obesity,type 2 diabetes,and related metabolic disorders.This strategy offers a new,ecology-based approach to complement standard metabolic interventions.展开更多
多系统组合导航下可见卫星的数量显著增加,同时观测数据冗余会使移动终端的定位效率降低,而高效的选星算法能够提高动态导航的实时性.本文根据选星算法的原理,将8种选星算法划分为基于几何精度因子(geometry dilution of precision,GDOP...多系统组合导航下可见卫星的数量显著增加,同时观测数据冗余会使移动终端的定位效率降低,而高效的选星算法能够提高动态导航的实时性.本文根据选星算法的原理,将8种选星算法划分为基于几何精度因子(geometry dilution of precision,GDOP)最小的选星算法和基于空间几何分布的选星算法两类.在介绍各种选星算法原理的基础上,综合分析算法的优缺点,并通过实例验证各选星算法在GNSS四系统组合导航中的性能.展开更多
基金Supported by Development Program of Misereor Foundation of Germany(335-0311028Z)~~
文摘[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrated assessment of trapping efficiency of colored sticky cards and sex pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella was conducted by field surveys and structured interview in Tonghai County,Yunnan Province,China.[Result] The results showed that yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone have strong power of trapping Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella（3 414±720 and（219±157） head/piece,respectively）;the control cost by the usage of pesticide is the highest,（10 099.5±2 752.5） yuan/hm^2,yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone takes the second place,（1 125.0±465.0） yuan/hm^2,the control cost by the usage of yellow sticky cards is the lowest,（450.0 ±186.0）yuan/hm^2.Without the usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs are（15.0±2.7） times and（12 070.5±2 136.0） yuan/hm^2;combined with usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs reduce by 5.7 times and 4 618.5 yuan/hm^2.The ratio of trapped beneficial insects and target pests was 1 ∶1 131,which showed that the negative effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on the non-target insects was very limited.[Conclusion] The trapping approach has become popular among all the local farmers.Looking at the above factors,the trapping technology has strong application prospect and promotion value in pest control field.
基金supported by grants from HEIP(Higher Education Improvement Project)Project and Royal University of Agriculture.
文摘The study was conducted to identify Aeromonas spp.and Vibrio spp.from fresh Pangasius fish(n=153)in Cambodia and test their antimicrobial susceptibility to antibiotics.The samples were collected from different wet markets of Phnom Penh city and Kampong Thom,and Siem Reap provinces.The bacteria were isolated by using selective medium and their AMR(Antimicrobial Resistance)profile was tested by API 20E technique,respectively.Susceptibility profile was determined for seven antibiotics commonly used.The Vibrio spp.(34.64%,n=53)was found to be higher than Aeromonas spp.(24.83%,n=38).Four Vibrio and four Aeromonas species were identified where V.parahaemolyticus(57%,n=30)was the highest,followed by V.cholerae(38%,n=20),V.fluvialis(3.8%,n=2)and V.aglinolyticus(1.9%,n=1),whereas A.hydrophila(47%,n=18)was the highest,followed by A.hydrophila/caviae(45%,n=17),A.sobria(5%,n=2),A.caviae(2.6%,n=1).All the species presented high multi-resistance to the tested antibiotics.The antibiotic susceptibility profile to ampicillin(74%-100%),ciprofloxacin(7%-100%),sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(14%-100%),florfenicol(14%-100%),oxytetracycline(7%-100%),erythromycin(10%-100%)and colistin sulphate(33%-100%)was revealed resistance level in Aeromonas spp.whereas few species of Vibrio spp.resistant to ampicillin(43%-100%),ciprofloxacin(14%-100%),sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim(14%-100%),florfenicol(14%-100%),oxytetracycline(20%-100%),erythromycin(29%-100%),colistin sulphate(33%-100%)were also identified.The results revealed these Aeromonas spp.and Vibrio spp.are potentially reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes.MDR(Multidrug Resistance)was widespread among the samples isolated.That is a high-risk source of contamination since those pathogens and antimicrobials are often used.Our findings highlight that the aquatic environment and fresh Pangasius fish act as reservoirs of AMR Aeromonas spp.and Vibrio spp.which underline the need for a judicious use of antimicrobials and timely surveillance of AMR in aquaculture.Overall,the findings of our study indicated the presence of A.hydrophila,A.hydrophila/caviae,A.caviae,A.sobria,V.parahaemolyticus,V.cholerae,V.alginolyticus and V.fluvialis and high MDR.This result will allow us to identify the potential risk over circulating isolates in animal health and public health and the spread through the food chain offering supports for appropriate sanitary actions.
基金financial support from IAEA CRP D42017(Improvement of Colony Management in insect Mass-Rearing for SIT Applications)Contract Number:22636,from the Medical Research Council of the UK through the Global Challenges Research Fund(grant number MR/P027873/1)Laboratory facilities from the Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases(CRID),Yaoundé,Cameroon.
文摘Sterile Insect Technique(SIT)has proven effective to reduce tsetse population density in large infected areas where animal African trypanosomosis(AAT)and human African trypanosomiasis(HAT)elimination was difficult to achieve.However,the decrease in mass production of insectary-reared tsetse and the limited but incomplete knowledge on symbiont–trypanosome interaction over time,impede large-scale use of SIT.We investigated the spatiotemporal changes in symbiont prevalence and symbiont–trypanosome interactions in wild tsetse of Sora-Mboum AAT focus in northern Cameroon,collected in 2019 and 2020,to provide insights into the mass production of refractory tsetse.Spiroplasma spp.,Sodalis glossinidius and trypanosomes were screened with PCR.G.tachinoides was the most abundant Glossina species found in Sora-Mboum focus.Symbiont prevalences in G.tachinoides were higher in 2019 compared to 2020,from 67.6%to 53.5%for Spiroplasma spp.and from 28.8%to 8.1%for S.glossinidius.These symbionts were also found at higher prevalence in flies from Mouhoun HAT focus in Burkina Faso.Four trypanosome taxa(Trypanosoma congolense forest type,T.congolense savannah type,T.brucei s.l.,and T.vivax)were found in Sora-Mboum focus and Mouhoun focus,though at lower prevalence in Mouhoun.The presence of Spiroplasma spp.in adult tsetse was negatively associated with that of trypanosomes.Our study highlights the potential of Spiroplasma spp.as a good paratransgenesis candidate to enhance SIT application.This symbiont is naturally found in high proportions of tsetse and could prevent factory flies from acquiring and transmitting trypanosomes during their lifespan when released for population density control.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(2020R1F1A1074155).
文摘Recently,Prevotella spp.,a major genus of gram-negative commensal bacteria in humans,have emerged as a key microbial contributor to host metabolism due to its ability to ferment dietary fibers,produce beneficial short-chain fatty acids,and influence immune responses.However,their diversity and functional differences have created challenges for their development and therapeutic use.Recent studies have shown that specific Prevotella species,such as P.copri,P.intestinalis,and P.histicola,can strengthen gut barrier integrity and reduce metabolic imbalances.Notably,Prevotella populations can be increased through high-fiber or herbal-based treatments.Traditional herbal medicines,including fiber-rich decoctions,also demonstrate the potential to boost endogenous Prevotella communities,enhance microbial fermentation,and improve glucose and lipid balance.This perspective examines the context-dependent roles of Prevotella spp.,with emphasis on the functional heterogeneity of key species such as P.copri,suggests a framework for combining herbal modulation with species-level microbiota profiling,and outlines a research plan to explore microbe-herb synergy in treating obesity,type 2 diabetes,and related metabolic disorders.This strategy offers a new,ecology-based approach to complement standard metabolic interventions.
文摘多系统组合导航下可见卫星的数量显著增加,同时观测数据冗余会使移动终端的定位效率降低,而高效的选星算法能够提高动态导航的实时性.本文根据选星算法的原理,将8种选星算法划分为基于几何精度因子(geometry dilution of precision,GDOP)最小的选星算法和基于空间几何分布的选星算法两类.在介绍各种选星算法原理的基础上,综合分析算法的优缺点,并通过实例验证各选星算法在GNSS四系统组合导航中的性能.
