A protoilludane sesquiterpene (named xanthocerapene) was isolated from the wood of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. Its structure, including the relative configuration was established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
Oil content from seed kernels of Xanthoceras sorbifolia from 13 areas in China was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to determine oil characteristics and biodiesel properties. The seeds had a high kern...Oil content from seed kernels of Xanthoceras sorbifolia from 13 areas in China was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to determine oil characteristics and biodiesel properties. The seeds had a high kernel percentage (53.67%± 7.51), oil content (52.21%± 4.01), and biodiesel yield (99.77%± 0.21). Among the fatty acids in the oil were high percentages of linoleic acid (41.66 ± 2.26)% and oleic acid (28.44%± 2.03). Most of the fuel properties complied well with the ASTM D6751-10, EN 14214-08, and GB/T 20828-2014 standards. The 13 sampling areas were grouped into four clusters based on different kernel percentage, oil content, biodiesel yield, and fatty acid composition. The results showed that the quality of kernel oils from seeds from Ar Horqin Banner was the best, although kernel oils from seeds in all 13 areas were suitable for biodiesel production. This study provides a basis for selecting optimal sites to harvest seeds from X. sorbifolia.展开更多
The present study was designed to investigate the bioactive constituents ofXanthoceras sorbifolia in terms of amounts and their antioxidant, DNA scissiou protection, and ct-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Simultane...The present study was designed to investigate the bioactive constituents ofXanthoceras sorbifolia in terms of amounts and their antioxidant, DNA scissiou protection, and ct-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Simultaneous quantification of 10 X. sorbifolia constituents was carried out by a newly established ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry method （UHPLC-MS）, The antioxidant activities were evaluated by measuring DPPH radical scavenging and DNA scission protective activities. The a-glucosidase inhibitory activities were investigated by using an assay with a-glucosidase from Bacillus Stearothermophilus and disaccharidases from mouse intestine. We found that the wood ofX. sorbifolia was rich in phenolic compounds with the contents of catechin, epicatechin, myricetin, and dihydromyricetin being 0.12-0.19, 1.94-2.16, 0.77-0.91, and 6.76-7.89 mg.g-1, respectively. The four constituents strongly scavenged DPPH radicals （with ECs0 being 4.2, 3.8 and 5.7 μg-mL-1, respectively） and remarkably protected peroxyl radical-induced DNA strand scission （92.10%, 94.66%, 75.44% and 89.95% of protection, respectively, at a concentration of 10 μmol.L-1）. A dimeric flavan 3-ol, epigallocatechin-（4β→8, 2β→O-7）-epicatechin potently inhibited a-glucosidase with an IC50 value being as low as 1.2 μg.mL1. The established UHPLC-MS method could serve as a quality control tool for X. sorbifolia. In conclusion, the high contents of antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory constituents in X. sorbifolia support its use as complementation of other therapeutic agents for metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and hypertension.展开更多
Surface science of natural fibers plays an important role in polymer/natural fiber composites. The Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk fibers were selected and chemically treated by sodium hydroxide(Na OH) solution,coupling a...Surface science of natural fibers plays an important role in polymer/natural fiber composites. The Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk fibers were selected and chemically treated by sodium hydroxide(Na OH) solution,coupling agents,their combination,and the mixtures of acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide,respectively. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(KH550),γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxylsilane(KH570) and organic titanate(JN-9A) were used as coupling agents in this work. Cellulose content was found to be increased after alkalization due to the removal of the non-cellulose substances,which was evidenced by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared(ATR e FTIR) spectroscopy spectrum analysis and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) measurements. The highest cellulose content was obtained in the bleached fibers. TGA analysis revealed an improvement in thermal stability of the treated fibers,especially for alkali-KH570 treated fibers. The tensile strength of the alkali-KH570 treated fiber and the alkali-bleached fiber were higher than that of other fibers due to high cellulose content and high crystallinity.展开更多
It is very important to select and identify superior Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bge. trees for purposes of breeding and exploration. For our study, we selected superior X. sorbifolia trees using RAPD （random amplificatio...It is very important to select and identify superior Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bge. trees for purposes of breeding and exploration. For our study, we selected superior X. sorbifolia trees using RAPD （random amplification of polymorphic DNA） technology. The results show that certain specific amplification bands emerged with significantly different frequencies between superior and non-superior trees. The 1400-bp band of No. 2121 primer emerged in the superior trees at a frequency 2.4 times that of the non-superior trees and the 600-bp band of No. 2153 primer in the non-superior trees at a frequency 2.5 times that of the superior trees There were very significant differences between the superior and non-superior trees. The frequency of the 1600-bp band of No. 1161 primer was the same in both kinds of trees, but significant differences were observed in point frequency （the frequency of the superior trees is 1,4 times that of the non-superior trees）. These bands can be used as important targets to distinguish between superior and non-superior trees. The use of a combination of amplified bands simultaneously can play a guiding role in the selection of superior X. sorbifolia trees.展开更多
In order to investigate flower development and female abortion during sex differentiation of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, anatomical observations and comparative study on differential proteins were carried out in different...In order to investigate flower development and female abortion during sex differentiation of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, anatomical observations and comparative study on differential proteins were carried out in different developmental stages of two types of flowers of this species. It was found that the selective abortion happened in male flower before the formation of megasporo- cyte. Special proteins related to the female abortion were found through 2-dimensional electrophoretic analysis. Protein A1 (14.2 kD) only existed in florescence of male flower, while B1 (13.7 kD) and B2 (18.2 kD) disappeared in that stage of male flower. They were all considered to be relative to pistil abortion of Xanthoceras sorbifolia.展开更多
We conducted the study on afforestation technique of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. in combination with ecological environment features of Fuxian County in Shaanxi Province. Results show that it is proper to adopt &quo...We conducted the study on afforestation technique of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. in combination with ecological environment features of Fuxian County in Shaanxi Province. Results show that it is proper to adopt "sunny gentle slope+fish-scale pit+planting on ridges after dipping mud+stumping in autumn" for afforestation of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. in the Loess Plateau. It is expected that our study can play a significant role in guiding popularization of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. in the northwest of China.展开更多
Huge amounts of Xanthoceras sorbifolia husks(XSH)are typically discarded after oil extraction.Since pyrolysis represents a promising solution to harness the bio-energy of XSH,in the present work the pyrolytic and kine...Huge amounts of Xanthoceras sorbifolia husks(XSH)are typically discarded after oil extraction.Since pyrolysis represents a promising solution to harness the bio-energy of XSH,in the present work the pyrolytic and kinetic characteristics of XSH and related crude cellulose extract(CCE)were studied considering different rates of heating(10,30 and 50℃ min^(-1)).The pyrolysis activation energy,pre-exponential factors and mechanism function were computed using different models namely Popescu,FWO(Flynn-Wall-Ozawa)and KAS(Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose).The pyrolysis process was articulated into three stages:dehydration(Stage I),primary devolatilization(Stage II),residual decomposition(Stage III).Marked variations in the average activation energy,thermal stability,final residuals and rate of reaction were noted.Stage II of XSH and CCE could be described by the Avramic-Erofeev equations.The average activation energies of XSH and CCE were found to be 269 and 296 kJ mol^(-1),respectively.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae by network pharmacology method.[Methods]The chemical constituents and action targets of Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae we...[Objectives]To explore the anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae by network pharmacology method.[Methods]The chemical constituents and action targets of Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae were collected by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP).Target genes of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)were obtained from TTD database.ClusterProfiler was used for gene ontology(GO)enrichment,and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment and screening of active component-target core network.[Results]There were 24 intersecting targets between active components and diseases.The analysis of GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment indicated that the therapeutic effect of Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae on rheumatoid arthritis might be related to AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway,rheumatoid arthritis pathway,C-type signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.13 drug active components[flavanes,dihydroflavonoids,stigmasterol,oleanolic acid,kaempferol,ellagic acid,Terchebulin B,Copaene,(Z)-β-Caryophyllene,Aromadendrene,β-Elemene,emodin]and 12 core targets(TNF,IL6,ALOX5,MAPK14,PPARA,AKR1B1,CCR5,PLA2G1B,ADAM17,MMP1,PTGS1,SYK)constituted a core network.[Conclusions]This study could provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of RA with Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae preparation.展开更多
Objective: To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities.Methods: The AlCl3colorimetric method and...Objective: To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities.Methods: The AlCl3colorimetric method and Prussian Blue assay were used to determine the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in extraction layers, and the bioactive layers was screened through anti-oxidative activity in vitro. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC system and a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18column(2.0 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) were used to identify the ingredients. And anti-oxidative ingredients were screened by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. The ameliorative role of it was further evaluated in a high-fat, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model and the study was carried out on NADPH oxidase(PDB ID: 2CDU) by molecular docking.Results: Combined with the results of activity screening in vitro, the anti-oxidative part was identified as the ethyl acetate layer. A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry in the ethyl acetate layer and 13 main anti-oxidative active constituents were preliminarily screened out through off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. In vivo experiments showed that flowers of X. sorbifolia could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice and alleviate liver cell damage. Based on the results of docking analysis related to the identified phytocompounds and oxidase which involved in type 2 diabetes, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and isoquercitrin showed a better inhibitory profile.Conclusion: The ethyl acetate layer was rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids and had significant anti-oxidant activity, which could prevent hyperglycemia. This observed activity profile suggested X. sorbifolia flowers as a promising new source of tea to develop alternative natural anti-diabetic products with a high safety margin.展开更多
Objective: To study the coumarin from the seeds oil leavings of Xanthoceras sorbifolia.Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by combination of silica gel, macroporous resin, Sephadex LH-20, and...Objective: To study the coumarin from the seeds oil leavings of Xanthoceras sorbifolia.Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by combination of silica gel, macroporous resin, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods. The cytotoxicity of the new compound against 10 selected human cancer cell lines was assayed.Results: Five comarins were isolated and identified as fraxetin-7-O-β-D-[6'-(3"–hydroxyl–3"-methylglutaryl)] glucopyranoside(1), fraxoside(2), fraxetin(3), scopoline(4), and esculetin(5), respectively.Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound. Unfortunately, this compound exhibited no cytotoxicity with tested cell lines.展开更多
文摘A protoilludane sesquiterpene (named xanthocerapene) was isolated from the wood of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. Its structure, including the relative configuration was established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
基金financially supported by the International S&T Cooperation Program of China(2014DFA31140)
文摘Oil content from seed kernels of Xanthoceras sorbifolia from 13 areas in China was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to determine oil characteristics and biodiesel properties. The seeds had a high kernel percentage (53.67%± 7.51), oil content (52.21%± 4.01), and biodiesel yield (99.77%± 0.21). Among the fatty acids in the oil were high percentages of linoleic acid (41.66 ± 2.26)% and oleic acid (28.44%± 2.03). Most of the fuel properties complied well with the ASTM D6751-10, EN 14214-08, and GB/T 20828-2014 standards. The 13 sampling areas were grouped into four clusters based on different kernel percentage, oil content, biodiesel yield, and fatty acid composition. The results showed that the quality of kernel oils from seeds from Ar Horqin Banner was the best, although kernel oils from seeds in all 13 areas were suitable for biodiesel production. This study provides a basis for selecting optimal sites to harvest seeds from X. sorbifolia.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81360474)
文摘The present study was designed to investigate the bioactive constituents ofXanthoceras sorbifolia in terms of amounts and their antioxidant, DNA scissiou protection, and ct-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Simultaneous quantification of 10 X. sorbifolia constituents was carried out by a newly established ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry method （UHPLC-MS）, The antioxidant activities were evaluated by measuring DPPH radical scavenging and DNA scission protective activities. The a-glucosidase inhibitory activities were investigated by using an assay with a-glucosidase from Bacillus Stearothermophilus and disaccharidases from mouse intestine. We found that the wood ofX. sorbifolia was rich in phenolic compounds with the contents of catechin, epicatechin, myricetin, and dihydromyricetin being 0.12-0.19, 1.94-2.16, 0.77-0.91, and 6.76-7.89 mg.g-1, respectively. The four constituents strongly scavenged DPPH radicals （with ECs0 being 4.2, 3.8 and 5.7 μg-mL-1, respectively） and remarkably protected peroxyl radical-induced DNA strand scission （92.10%, 94.66%, 75.44% and 89.95% of protection, respectively, at a concentration of 10 μmol.L-1）. A dimeric flavan 3-ol, epigallocatechin-（4β→8, 2β→O-7）-epicatechin potently inhibited a-glucosidase with an IC50 value being as low as 1.2 μg.mL1. The established UHPLC-MS method could serve as a quality control tool for X. sorbifolia. In conclusion, the high contents of antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory constituents in X. sorbifolia support its use as complementation of other therapeutic agents for metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and hypertension.
文摘Surface science of natural fibers plays an important role in polymer/natural fiber composites. The Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk fibers were selected and chemically treated by sodium hydroxide(Na OH) solution,coupling agents,their combination,and the mixtures of acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide,respectively. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(KH550),γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxylsilane(KH570) and organic titanate(JN-9A) were used as coupling agents in this work. Cellulose content was found to be increased after alkalization due to the removal of the non-cellulose substances,which was evidenced by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared(ATR e FTIR) spectroscopy spectrum analysis and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) measurements. The highest cellulose content was obtained in the bleached fibers. TGA analysis revealed an improvement in thermal stability of the treated fibers,especially for alkali-KH570 treated fibers. The tensile strength of the alkali-KH570 treated fiber and the alkali-bleached fiber were higher than that of other fibers due to high cellulose content and high crystallinity.
基金supported by a Project of the State Forestry Administration and the PetroChina Company Limited Lin-you Integrated Bio-diesel Raw Forest Base
文摘It is very important to select and identify superior Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bge. trees for purposes of breeding and exploration. For our study, we selected superior X. sorbifolia trees using RAPD （random amplification of polymorphic DNA） technology. The results show that certain specific amplification bands emerged with significantly different frequencies between superior and non-superior trees. The 1400-bp band of No. 2121 primer emerged in the superior trees at a frequency 2.4 times that of the non-superior trees and the 600-bp band of No. 2153 primer in the non-superior trees at a frequency 2.5 times that of the superior trees There were very significant differences between the superior and non-superior trees. The frequency of the 1600-bp band of No. 1161 primer was the same in both kinds of trees, but significant differences were observed in point frequency （the frequency of the superior trees is 1,4 times that of the non-superior trees）. These bands can be used as important targets to distinguish between superior and non-superior trees. The use of a combination of amplified bands simultaneously can play a guiding role in the selection of superior X. sorbifolia trees.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.30070613) and Graduate Cultivation Foundation of Beijing Forestry University(Grant No.02jj001)
文摘In order to investigate flower development and female abortion during sex differentiation of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, anatomical observations and comparative study on differential proteins were carried out in different developmental stages of two types of flowers of this species. It was found that the selective abortion happened in male flower before the formation of megasporo- cyte. Special proteins related to the female abortion were found through 2-dimensional electrophoretic analysis. Protein A1 (14.2 kD) only existed in florescence of male flower, while B1 (13.7 kD) and B2 (18.2 kD) disappeared in that stage of male flower. They were all considered to be relative to pistil abortion of Xanthoceras sorbifolia.
基金Supported by Research on High Efficient Technology of Biomass Resource Cultivation (2006BAD07A04)a Subproject of Key Science and Technology Support Program " Agriculture and Forestry Biomass Project" of the Ministry of Science and Technology in the Eleventh-Five Plan Period
文摘We conducted the study on afforestation technique of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. in combination with ecological environment features of Fuxian County in Shaanxi Province. Results show that it is proper to adopt "sunny gentle slope+fish-scale pit+planting on ridges after dipping mud+stumping in autumn" for afforestation of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. in the Loess Plateau. It is expected that our study can play a significant role in guiding popularization of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. in the northwest of China.
基金This study was supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2019 GNC106084)the Key Research and Development Program of the Innovation Research Fund of Zhaoyuan Institute of Industrial Technology(9101-220193).
文摘Huge amounts of Xanthoceras sorbifolia husks(XSH)are typically discarded after oil extraction.Since pyrolysis represents a promising solution to harness the bio-energy of XSH,in the present work the pyrolytic and kinetic characteristics of XSH and related crude cellulose extract(CCE)were studied considering different rates of heating(10,30 and 50℃ min^(-1)).The pyrolysis activation energy,pre-exponential factors and mechanism function were computed using different models namely Popescu,FWO(Flynn-Wall-Ozawa)and KAS(Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose).The pyrolysis process was articulated into three stages:dehydration(Stage I),primary devolatilization(Stage II),residual decomposition(Stage III).Marked variations in the average activation energy,thermal stability,final residuals and rate of reaction were noted.Stage II of XSH and CCE could be described by the Avramic-Erofeev equations.The average activation energies of XSH and CCE were found to be 269 and 296 kJ mol^(-1),respectively.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81560702)Joint Research Project of Inner Mongolia Minzu University and Mongolian Academy of Sciences(NMDGJ0014)Graduate Research and Innovation Project in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(S20210280Z)。
文摘[Objectives]To explore the anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae by network pharmacology method.[Methods]The chemical constituents and action targets of Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae were collected by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP).Target genes of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)were obtained from TTD database.ClusterProfiler was used for gene ontology(GO)enrichment,and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment and screening of active component-target core network.[Results]There were 24 intersecting targets between active components and diseases.The analysis of GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment indicated that the therapeutic effect of Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae on rheumatoid arthritis might be related to AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway,rheumatoid arthritis pathway,C-type signaling pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.13 drug active components[flavanes,dihydroflavonoids,stigmasterol,oleanolic acid,kaempferol,ellagic acid,Terchebulin B,Copaene,(Z)-β-Caryophyllene,Aromadendrene,β-Elemene,emodin]and 12 core targets(TNF,IL6,ALOX5,MAPK14,PPARA,AKR1B1,CCR5,PLA2G1B,ADAM17,MMP1,PTGS1,SYK)constituted a core network.[Conclusions]This study could provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of RA with Lignum Xanthocerais Sorbifoliae preparation.
基金the Fourth National Investigation of Chinese materia medica resources in Liaoning Province (LN2018017, LN2019019)Career Development Support Plan for Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Shenyang Pharmaceutical University (No. ZQN2021014)Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources (No. HY202105)
文摘Objective: To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities.Methods: The AlCl3colorimetric method and Prussian Blue assay were used to determine the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in extraction layers, and the bioactive layers was screened through anti-oxidative activity in vitro. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC system and a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18column(2.0 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) were used to identify the ingredients. And anti-oxidative ingredients were screened by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. The ameliorative role of it was further evaluated in a high-fat, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model and the study was carried out on NADPH oxidase(PDB ID: 2CDU) by molecular docking.Results: Combined with the results of activity screening in vitro, the anti-oxidative part was identified as the ethyl acetate layer. A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry in the ethyl acetate layer and 13 main anti-oxidative active constituents were preliminarily screened out through off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. In vivo experiments showed that flowers of X. sorbifolia could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice and alleviate liver cell damage. Based on the results of docking analysis related to the identified phytocompounds and oxidase which involved in type 2 diabetes, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and isoquercitrin showed a better inhibitory profile.Conclusion: The ethyl acetate layer was rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids and had significant anti-oxidant activity, which could prevent hyperglycemia. This observed activity profile suggested X. sorbifolia flowers as a promising new source of tea to develop alternative natural anti-diabetic products with a high safety margin.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2015020720)Teaching Reform Project of Jinzhou Medical University(No.YA2016044)Student Innovation Training Program of Jinzhou Medical University(No.201710160000082)
文摘Objective: To study the coumarin from the seeds oil leavings of Xanthoceras sorbifolia.Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by combination of silica gel, macroporous resin, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods. The cytotoxicity of the new compound against 10 selected human cancer cell lines was assayed.Results: Five comarins were isolated and identified as fraxetin-7-O-β-D-[6'-(3"–hydroxyl–3"-methylglutaryl)] glucopyranoside(1), fraxoside(2), fraxetin(3), scopoline(4), and esculetin(5), respectively.Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound. Unfortunately, this compound exhibited no cytotoxicity with tested cell lines.
