Smart fibers and textiles have attracted considerable interest for application in wearable devices because of their advantages of being human-friendly,lightweight,flexible,and comfortable.In addition,they are consider...Smart fibers and textiles have attracted considerable interest for application in wearable devices because of their advantages of being human-friendly,lightweight,flexible,and comfortable.In addition,they are considered to have potential applications in health monitoring,energy management,and human-machine interaction systems.Polymers and polymer fibers,with excellent mechanical strength,wrinkle resistance,and heat resistance,are widely used to fabricate smart fibers and textiles.Herein,a comprehensive overview of polymer-based fibers and textiles is provided.First,we review the design principles of various polymer-based smart textiles,including textile-based sensors,energy capture and storage textiles,and computation and display textiles.Next,materials used for preparing polymer-based smart fibers,such as metals,carbon-based materials,and natural and synthetic polymers,particularly conductive polymers,are summarized.In addition,this review summarizes key technologies used for preparing smart fibers and the conventional structures of smart textiles.Furthermore,the applications of smart textiles in personal health monitoring,thermal management,energy capture and storage,and computation and displays are discussed.Finally,the current challenges,limitations,and future trends of smart fibers and textiles are discussed.展开更多
Smart fibers are considered as promising materials for the fabrication of wearable electronic skins owing to their features such as superior flexibility,light weight,high specific area,and ease of modification.Besides...Smart fibers are considered as promising materials for the fabrication of wearable electronic skins owing to their features such as superior flexibility,light weight,high specific area,and ease of modification.Besides,piezoelectric or triboelectric electronic skins can respond to mechanical stimulation and directly convert the mechanical energy into electrical power for self-use,thereby providing an attractive method for tactile sensing and motion perception.The incorporation of sensing capabilities into smart fibers could be a powerful approach to the development of self-powered electronic skins.Herein,we review several aspects of the recent advancements in the development of self-powered electronic skins constructed with smart fibers.The summarized aspects include functional material selection,structural design,pressure sensing mechanism,and proof-to-concept demonstration to practical application.In particular,various fabrication strategies and a wide range of practical applications have been systematically introduced.Finally,a critical assessment of the challenges and promising perspectives for the development of fiber-based electronic skins has been presented.展开更多
In order to research the field sensing characteristic of the carbon fiber smart material, the Tikhonov regularization principle and the modified Newton-Raphson(MNR) algorithm were adopted to solve the inverse problem ...In order to research the field sensing characteristic of the carbon fiber smart material, the Tikhonov regularization principle and the modified Newton-Raphson(MNR) algorithm were adopted to solve the inverse problem of the electrical resistance tomography(ERT). An ERT system of carbon fiber smart material was developed. Field sensing characteristic was researched with the experiment. The experimental results show that the specific resistance distribution of carbon fiber smart material is highly consistent with the distribution of structural strain. High resistance zone responds to high strain area, and the specific resistance distribution of carbon fiber smart material reflects the distribution of sample strain in covering area. Monitoring by carbon fiber smart material on complicated strain status in sample field domain is realized through theoretical and experimental study.展开更多
The electrical characteristics of cement-based material can be remarkably improved by the addition of short carbon fibers. Carbon fiber reinforced cement composite (CFRC) is an intrinsically smart material that can se...The electrical characteristics of cement-based material can be remarkably improved by the addition of short carbon fibers. Carbon fiber reinforced cement composite (CFRC) is an intrinsically smart material that can sense not only the stress and strain, but also the temperature. In this paper, variations of electrical resistivity with external applied load, and relation of thermoelectric force and temperature were investigated. Test results indicated that the electrical signal is related to the increase in the material volume resistivity during crack generation or propagation and the decrease in the resistivity during crack closure. Moreover, it was found that the fiber addition increased the linearity and reversibility of the Seebeck effect in the cement-based materials. The change of electrical characteristics reflects large amount of information of inner damage and temperature differential of composite, which can be used for stress-strain or thermal self-monitoring by embedding it in the concrete structures.展开更多
Based on the advantages of the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology,this paper presents a principle of a novel smart concrete with fiber optical Bragg grating sensor,analyses the theory and characteristics,illustrat...Based on the advantages of the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology,this paper presents a principle of a novel smart concrete with fiber optical Bragg grating sensor,analyses the theory and characteristics,illustrates the key technology and method to make the fiber Bragg grating sensor for the smart concrete,and proves the feasibility with experiments.The results indicate that the smart concrete with fiber Bragg grating sensors is feasible in the structure monitoring and damage diagnosing in the long run.展开更多
The influences of the fiber volume fraction on the electrical conductivity and the fraction change of electrical resistance under three-point-bending test were discussed.It is found that the relationship beween the el...The influences of the fiber volume fraction on the electrical conductivity and the fraction change of electrical resistance under three-point-bending test were discussed.It is found that the relationship beween the electrical conductivity of composites and the fiber volume fraction can be explained by the percolation theory and the change of electrical resistance of specimens reflects to the process of loading.The sensitivity and the response of the change of electrical resistance to the load for specimens with different fiber volume fractions are quite different.which provide an important guide for the manufacture of conductive and intrinsically smart carbon fiber composite.展开更多
Concrete containing short carbon-coated-nylon fibers (0.4-2.0 vol. pct) exhibited quasi-ductile response by developing a large damage zone prior to fracture localization. In the damage zone, the material was microcrac...Concrete containing short carbon-coated-nylon fibers (0.4-2.0 vol. pct) exhibited quasi-ductile response by developing a large damage zone prior to fracture localization. In the damage zone, the material was microcracked but continued to local strain-harden. The carbon-coated-nylon-fiber-reinforced concrete composites (NFRC) were found to be an intrinsically smart concrete that could sense elastic and inelastic deformation, as well as fracture. The fibers served to bridge the cracks and the carbon coating gave the conduction path. The signal provided came from the change in electrical resistance, which was reversible for elastic deformation and irreversible for inelastic deformation and fracture. The resistance decrease was due to the reduction of surface touch resistance between fiber and matrix and the crack closure. The resistance irreversible increase resulted from the crack opening and breakage of the carbon coating on nylon fiber.展开更多
基金supported by Hubei University of Science and Technology Doctoral Start-up Fund Project(Grant No.BK202306)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52373235)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China for Young Scholars(Grant No.2022CFB749)Hubei Provincial Education Department Research Young and Middle-aged Talent Fund(Grant No.Q20222803)Hubei Province Key R&D Plan Big Health Local Special Project(Grant No.2022BCE042)Hubei University of Science and Technology Engineering Master's Program Construction Special Fund(Grant No.2018-19GZA06)。
文摘Smart fibers and textiles have attracted considerable interest for application in wearable devices because of their advantages of being human-friendly,lightweight,flexible,and comfortable.In addition,they are considered to have potential applications in health monitoring,energy management,and human-machine interaction systems.Polymers and polymer fibers,with excellent mechanical strength,wrinkle resistance,and heat resistance,are widely used to fabricate smart fibers and textiles.Herein,a comprehensive overview of polymer-based fibers and textiles is provided.First,we review the design principles of various polymer-based smart textiles,including textile-based sensors,energy capture and storage textiles,and computation and display textiles.Next,materials used for preparing polymer-based smart fibers,such as metals,carbon-based materials,and natural and synthetic polymers,particularly conductive polymers,are summarized.In addition,this review summarizes key technologies used for preparing smart fibers and the conventional structures of smart textiles.Furthermore,the applications of smart textiles in personal health monitoring,thermal management,energy capture and storage,and computation and displays are discussed.Finally,the current challenges,limitations,and future trends of smart fibers and textiles are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52073051,51925302,and 51873030)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232022 A-04)Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles,International Cooperation Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21130750100).
文摘Smart fibers are considered as promising materials for the fabrication of wearable electronic skins owing to their features such as superior flexibility,light weight,high specific area,and ease of modification.Besides,piezoelectric or triboelectric electronic skins can respond to mechanical stimulation and directly convert the mechanical energy into electrical power for self-use,thereby providing an attractive method for tactile sensing and motion perception.The incorporation of sensing capabilities into smart fibers could be a powerful approach to the development of self-powered electronic skins.Herein,we review several aspects of the recent advancements in the development of self-powered electronic skins constructed with smart fibers.The summarized aspects include functional material selection,structural design,pressure sensing mechanism,and proof-to-concept demonstration to practical application.In particular,various fabrication strategies and a wide range of practical applications have been systematically introduced.Finally,a critical assessment of the challenges and promising perspectives for the development of fiber-based electronic skins has been presented.
基金Funded by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2013AA031306)
文摘In order to research the field sensing characteristic of the carbon fiber smart material, the Tikhonov regularization principle and the modified Newton-Raphson(MNR) algorithm were adopted to solve the inverse problem of the electrical resistance tomography(ERT). An ERT system of carbon fiber smart material was developed. Field sensing characteristic was researched with the experiment. The experimental results show that the specific resistance distribution of carbon fiber smart material is highly consistent with the distribution of structural strain. High resistance zone responds to high strain area, and the specific resistance distribution of carbon fiber smart material reflects the distribution of sample strain in covering area. Monitoring by carbon fiber smart material on complicated strain status in sample field domain is realized through theoretical and experimental study.
基金This work was supported by NSFC(No.59908007)a foundation for phosphor plan from the Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality(No.01QE14052)The financial support from the Foundation for the University Key Studies of Shanghai was also gratefully acknowledged.
文摘The electrical characteristics of cement-based material can be remarkably improved by the addition of short carbon fibers. Carbon fiber reinforced cement composite (CFRC) is an intrinsically smart material that can sense not only the stress and strain, but also the temperature. In this paper, variations of electrical resistivity with external applied load, and relation of thermoelectric force and temperature were investigated. Test results indicated that the electrical signal is related to the increase in the material volume resistivity during crack generation or propagation and the decrease in the resistivity during crack closure. Moreover, it was found that the fiber addition increased the linearity and reversibility of the Seebeck effect in the cement-based materials. The change of electrical characteristics reflects large amount of information of inner damage and temperature differential of composite, which can be used for stress-strain or thermal self-monitoring by embedding it in the concrete structures.
文摘Based on the advantages of the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology,this paper presents a principle of a novel smart concrete with fiber optical Bragg grating sensor,analyses the theory and characteristics,illustrates the key technology and method to make the fiber Bragg grating sensor for the smart concrete,and proves the feasibility with experiments.The results indicate that the smart concrete with fiber Bragg grating sensors is feasible in the structure monitoring and damage diagnosing in the long run.
文摘The influences of the fiber volume fraction on the electrical conductivity and the fraction change of electrical resistance under three-point-bending test were discussed.It is found that the relationship beween the electrical conductivity of composites and the fiber volume fraction can be explained by the percolation theory and the change of electrical resistance of specimens reflects to the process of loading.The sensitivity and the response of the change of electrical resistance to the load for specimens with different fiber volume fractions are quite different.which provide an important guide for the manufacture of conductive and intrinsically smart carbon fiber composite.
基金This work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China under grant No.2002AA324060by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under grant 2003033139.
文摘Concrete containing short carbon-coated-nylon fibers (0.4-2.0 vol. pct) exhibited quasi-ductile response by developing a large damage zone prior to fracture localization. In the damage zone, the material was microcracked but continued to local strain-harden. The carbon-coated-nylon-fiber-reinforced concrete composites (NFRC) were found to be an intrinsically smart concrete that could sense elastic and inelastic deformation, as well as fracture. The fibers served to bridge the cracks and the carbon coating gave the conduction path. The signal provided came from the change in electrical resistance, which was reversible for elastic deformation and irreversible for inelastic deformation and fracture. The resistance decrease was due to the reduction of surface touch resistance between fiber and matrix and the crack closure. The resistance irreversible increase resulted from the crack opening and breakage of the carbon coating on nylon fiber.
