As a practicing anatomic pathologist specialized in urologic pathology,a vast difference may be observed between what pathologists designate as neuroendocrine(or small cell)carcinoma of the prostate,and what clinician...As a practicing anatomic pathologist specialized in urologic pathology,a vast difference may be observed between what pathologists designate as neuroendocrine(or small cell)carcinoma of the prostate,and what clinicians or basic scientists define as such.展开更多
In this paper, 18 scientists from China and other countries were selected for consideration as case studies of‘strategic scientists'. They were chosen according to their involvement in science and technology poli...In this paper, 18 scientists from China and other countries were selected for consideration as case studies of‘strategic scientists'. They were chosen according to their involvement in science and technology policy decision-making, development of key and advantageous fields, creation of new disciplines, construction of academic traditions, and intersections between science and industry. On this basis, we found that the growth paths of strategic scientists can be divided into three phases: as talented young scientists, as gatekeepers in related disciplines or research fields, and as consultants for national science and technology decision-making. Based on this trichotomy, we explored the characteristics of strategic scientists and the conditions required for their growth in each phase. Finally, policy suggestions are proposed for the cultivation and use of strategic scientists.展开更多
The generation and dissemination of scientific knowledge are closely related to group beliefs among scientists and the public. There are three main types of group beliefs: the summative account, the acceptance account...The generation and dissemination of scientific knowledge are closely related to group beliefs among scientists and the public. There are three main types of group beliefs: the summative account, the acceptance account and the commitment account. Applying these theories to the realm of science, which is characterized by its rigorous organizational structures and epistemological standards, reveals the distinctive features of how group beliefs are formed within this domain. This paper argues that an updated version of the commitment account is more applicable in the scientific domain, in which scientists jointly commit to joining this group and also jointly commit to its operational mechanisms and methodologies. The requirement of the commitment account on the group belief of the public also places greater emphasis on the recognition of and joint commitment to the scientific spirit, rather than the mastery of specific propositions by each individual.展开更多
Since China released the Opinions on Further Promoting the Spirit of Scientists and Enhancing Work and Study Styles in 2019, the spirit of scientists has gradually become an integral part of the socialist spirit, and ...Since China released the Opinions on Further Promoting the Spirit of Scientists and Enhancing Work and Study Styles in 2019, the spirit of scientists has gradually become an integral part of the socialist spirit, and a high degree of attention has been devoted by the Chinese government to promoting scientists' spirit. Through a historical review and comparative analysis, particularly of the evolving role played by Chinese STM journals(science, technology and medical journals), we propose that STM journals are an important venue for promoting the spirit of scientists. On this basis, and in view of the problems and challenges faced by STM journals under the new requirements in the new era, we suggest conceptual upgrades and mindset shifts that Chinese STM journals need to make to further promote scientists' spirit. Finally, we introduce specific measures to implement these concepts.展开更多
大科学时代全球科学家流动呈现新景观。基于科学网(Web of Science)中精选文献的内容,对大科学与全球科学家流动关系、全球科学家流动特征及其影响因素进行概要分析。大科学与全球科学家流动之间存在双向作用关系。一方面大科学强化了...大科学时代全球科学家流动呈现新景观。基于科学网(Web of Science)中精选文献的内容,对大科学与全球科学家流动关系、全球科学家流动特征及其影响因素进行概要分析。大科学与全球科学家流动之间存在双向作用关系。一方面大科学强化了全球科学治理,促进了科学家跨国流动速度,通过建构全球知识网络,拓展了全球科学家流动空间;另一方面,科学家流动促进了科学研究的效率和质量。全球科学家流动呈现时间维度、空间维度和人际网络维度特点,其影响因素包括拉力因素、推力因素、个人因素以及中间障碍因素。展开更多
文摘As a practicing anatomic pathologist specialized in urologic pathology,a vast difference may be observed between what pathologists designate as neuroendocrine(or small cell)carcinoma of the prostate,and what clinicians or basic scientists define as such.
基金supported by a research project titled ‘The Growth Path of Strategic Scientists based on case studies’ launched by the National Academy of Innovation Strategy,CAST (grant no 2022-sjzx-05)
文摘In this paper, 18 scientists from China and other countries were selected for consideration as case studies of‘strategic scientists'. They were chosen according to their involvement in science and technology policy decision-making, development of key and advantageous fields, creation of new disciplines, construction of academic traditions, and intersections between science and industry. On this basis, we found that the growth paths of strategic scientists can be divided into three phases: as talented young scientists, as gatekeepers in related disciplines or research fields, and as consultants for national science and technology decision-making. Based on this trichotomy, we explored the characteristics of strategic scientists and the conditions required for their growth in each phase. Finally, policy suggestions are proposed for the cultivation and use of strategic scientists.
文摘The generation and dissemination of scientific knowledge are closely related to group beliefs among scientists and the public. There are three main types of group beliefs: the summative account, the acceptance account and the commitment account. Applying these theories to the realm of science, which is characterized by its rigorous organizational structures and epistemological standards, reveals the distinctive features of how group beliefs are formed within this domain. This paper argues that an updated version of the commitment account is more applicable in the scientific domain, in which scientists jointly commit to joining this group and also jointly commit to its operational mechanisms and methodologies. The requirement of the commitment account on the group belief of the public also places greater emphasis on the recognition of and joint commitment to the scientific spirit, rather than the mastery of specific propositions by each individual.
文摘Since China released the Opinions on Further Promoting the Spirit of Scientists and Enhancing Work and Study Styles in 2019, the spirit of scientists has gradually become an integral part of the socialist spirit, and a high degree of attention has been devoted by the Chinese government to promoting scientists' spirit. Through a historical review and comparative analysis, particularly of the evolving role played by Chinese STM journals(science, technology and medical journals), we propose that STM journals are an important venue for promoting the spirit of scientists. On this basis, and in view of the problems and challenges faced by STM journals under the new requirements in the new era, we suggest conceptual upgrades and mindset shifts that Chinese STM journals need to make to further promote scientists' spirit. Finally, we introduce specific measures to implement these concepts.
文摘大科学时代全球科学家流动呈现新景观。基于科学网(Web of Science)中精选文献的内容,对大科学与全球科学家流动关系、全球科学家流动特征及其影响因素进行概要分析。大科学与全球科学家流动之间存在双向作用关系。一方面大科学强化了全球科学治理,促进了科学家跨国流动速度,通过建构全球知识网络,拓展了全球科学家流动空间;另一方面,科学家流动促进了科学研究的效率和质量。全球科学家流动呈现时间维度、空间维度和人际网络维度特点,其影响因素包括拉力因素、推力因素、个人因素以及中间障碍因素。
