Breaking water-in-oil emulsions during the refining of crude oils is an important step before any upgrading process is started.Asphaltene molecules are incriminated as playing an important role in this phenomenon.Unra...Breaking water-in-oil emulsions during the refining of crude oils is an important step before any upgrading process is started.Asphaltene molecules are incriminated as playing an important role in this phenomenon.Unraveling the mechanisms behind the affinity between them and water is a key step to understand how to break these emulsions more easily and require lower amounts of demulsifiers.Choosing which demulsifier molecule(s)to use is also primordial,but to do so rationally,one needs to know which are the molecular interactions in place between asphaltenes,porphyrins and water so that demulsifiers are chosen to destabilize a specific physical–chemical interaction.In this paper,we study the interactions arising between asphaltenes and porphyrins and six different molecules potentially displaying a demulsification action in the presence of water/oil interfaces.We demonstrate that the ionic demulsifier molecules present an interesting potential to either interact strongly with water,replacing asphaltenes in this interaction,or to interact with the active sites of asphaltenes,deactivating them and avoiding any asphaltenic interfacial activity.Finally,we also found that although asphaltenes do not migrate spontaneously toward the water/oil interfaces,porphyrins do so rather easily.This indicates that porphyrins do have an important activity at the water/oil interface.展开更多
Cetuximab （CTX） is a potent chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody （mAb） approved worldwide for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Among the various biological and physical analyses per- formed for full ...Cetuximab （CTX） is a potent chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody （mAb） approved worldwide for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Among the various biological and physical analyses per- formed for full study on this biopharmaceutic, the determination of the concentration preparations throughout manufacturing and subsequent handling in hospital is particularly relevant. In the present work, the study and validation of a method for quantifying intact CTX by reverse-phase high-perfor- mance liquid chromatography with diode array detection （（RP）HPLC/DAD） is presented. With that end, we checked the performance of a chromatographic method for quantifying CTX and conducted a study to validate the method as stability-indicating in accordance with the International Conference on Harmo- nization guidelines （ICH） for biotechnological drugs; therefore, we evaluated linearity, accuracy, preci- sion, detection and quantification limits, robustness and system suitability. The specificity of the method and the robustness of the mAb formulation against external stress factors were estimated by compre- hensive chromatographic analysis by subjecting CTX to several informative stress conditions. As de- monstrated, the method is rapid, accurate, and reproducible for CTX quantification. It was also suc- cessfully used to quantify CTX in a long-term stability study performed under hospital conditions.展开更多
PetroChina Lanzhou Petrochemical Company conducted commercial tests for application of two types of diesel demulsifiers, the HPL-2 and GX-02 demulsifiers, in order to solve the emulsion problem arising from caustic wa...PetroChina Lanzhou Petrochemical Company conducted commercial tests for application of two types of diesel demulsifiers, the HPL-2 and GX-02 demulsifiers, in order to solve the emulsion problem arising from caustic washing of straight-run diesel fraction obtained from atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit at the Lanzhou refinery. After addition of each demulsifier into the diesel fraction the oil content in caustic residue was apparently decreased, and discharge of waste caustic was reduced, resulting in the elimination of emulsification and a significant increase of economic benefits. When 70 ppm of the HPL-2 demulsifier was added to diesel fraction, the oil content in waste caustic exiting the second-stage caustic wash settling tank was reduced to 2.45% from 7.90 %, whereas this value was reduced to 2.81% from 5.96% with addition of the GX-02 demulsifier.展开更多
In recent years, the water content of oilfield production fluid is high and there is a large amount of oily sewage. In order to improve the capability of sewage treatment, usually using demulsifier for oily sewage pro...In recent years, the water content of oilfield production fluid is high and there is a large amount of oily sewage. In order to improve the capability of sewage treatment, usually using demulsifier for oily sewage processing. This article uses simulated water sample to test the treatment effect of the optimized reverse demulsifier at different oscillation time. As the increase of action time and oscillation, the average size of droplets increases and the amount of the droplets under 1 μm decreases.展开更多
BACKGROUND This case report emphasizes the potential pulmonary toxicity of demulsifier gas,which is a widely used chemical.To our knowledge,this is the first documented instance of acute respiratory distress syndrome(...BACKGROUND This case report emphasizes the potential pulmonary toxicity of demulsifier gas,which is a widely used chemical.To our knowledge,this is the first documented instance of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)induced by inhalation of demulsifier gas.This report underscores the need for increased workplace safety and awareness regarding health risks associated with demulsifiers,particularly in industrial settings.Timely diagnosis and management of ARDS are crucial for improving patient outcomes,thus making this report significant for clinical practice and occupational health literature.CASE SUMMARY We present a rare case of acute demulsifier poisoning leading to ARDS in a previously healthy 69-year-old man.He presented with chest discomfort,short-ness of breath,and dyspnea following a 30-minute exposure to demulsifier fumes in a poorly ventilated area.Chest computed tomography revealed bilateral diffuse infiltrative shadows.Based on his exposure history and clinical findings,a diag-nosis of ARDS due to demulsifier poisoning was confirmed.The patient required high-flow oxygen and intravenous norepinephrine upon admission and was subsequently intubated for mechanical ventilation.Following timely and effective multidisciplinary treatment interventions including emergency care,intensive care,and respiratory medicine,he achieved positive outcomes and was ultimately discharged.CONCLUSION This case underscores the critical importance of recognizing chemical exposure risks and their potential to cause severe respiratory complications.展开更多
A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was developed for the direct determination of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)in sturgeon caviar extract.The assay employed n-hexane extraction combined wit...A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was developed for the direct determination of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)in sturgeon caviar extract.The assay employed n-hexane extraction combined with gradient elution(ZORBAX SB-C18 column),with data collected using a diode array detector.The content was calculated by external standard method and validated against the national standard(GB 5009.168-2016).The study also measured DPPH free radical scavenging capacity and moisture retention rate across different DHA concentration groups.The results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits excellent linearity(r=0.9997),with recovery rates ranging from 92.1% to 101.1% and relative standard deviations(RSD)of 2.23% to 3.92%.Compared to the national standard method,the relative deviation was 0.67% to 1.68%.At specific test concentrations,the high-DHA group shows significantly higher moisture retention(100.48%),hygroscopicity(100.85%),and DPPH scavenging efficiency(57.46%)than the low-DHA group(10.33%,11.76%,and 3.71%).The RP-HPLC method developed in this study simplifies DHA detection procedures with simple reagents and reliable results,making it suitable for rapid qualitative identification and quantitative analysis of target components in caviar extract quality control.The DPPH experiment further reveals the correlation between DHA content and antioxidant efficacy in sturgeon caviar extracts,providing scientific evidence for developing functional cosmetics.展开更多
基金the DN (Direction du Numé-rique) from Universitéde Pau et des Pays de l’Adour,MCIA (Mésocentre de Calcul Intensif Aquitain),GENCI-CINES (Grant 2017-c2016087698) for providing the computation power needed for this projectIsifor-Carnot Institute and Total Refining&Chemicals are also acknowledged for their financial support to this research project
文摘Breaking water-in-oil emulsions during the refining of crude oils is an important step before any upgrading process is started.Asphaltene molecules are incriminated as playing an important role in this phenomenon.Unraveling the mechanisms behind the affinity between them and water is a key step to understand how to break these emulsions more easily and require lower amounts of demulsifiers.Choosing which demulsifier molecule(s)to use is also primordial,but to do so rationally,one needs to know which are the molecular interactions in place between asphaltenes,porphyrins and water so that demulsifiers are chosen to destabilize a specific physical–chemical interaction.In this paper,we study the interactions arising between asphaltenes and porphyrins and six different molecules potentially displaying a demulsification action in the presence of water/oil interfaces.We demonstrate that the ionic demulsifier molecules present an interesting potential to either interact strongly with water,replacing asphaltenes in this interaction,or to interact with the active sites of asphaltenes,deactivating them and avoiding any asphaltenic interfacial activity.Finally,we also found that although asphaltenes do not migrate spontaneously toward the water/oil interfaces,porphyrins do so rather easily.This indicates that porphyrins do have an important activity at the water/oil interface.
基金funded by Project FIS:PI10/00201 (Instituto Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain)partially supported by European Regional Development Funds (ERDF)
文摘Cetuximab （CTX） is a potent chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody （mAb） approved worldwide for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Among the various biological and physical analyses per- formed for full study on this biopharmaceutic, the determination of the concentration preparations throughout manufacturing and subsequent handling in hospital is particularly relevant. In the present work, the study and validation of a method for quantifying intact CTX by reverse-phase high-perfor- mance liquid chromatography with diode array detection （（RP）HPLC/DAD） is presented. With that end, we checked the performance of a chromatographic method for quantifying CTX and conducted a study to validate the method as stability-indicating in accordance with the International Conference on Harmo- nization guidelines （ICH） for biotechnological drugs; therefore, we evaluated linearity, accuracy, preci- sion, detection and quantification limits, robustness and system suitability. The specificity of the method and the robustness of the mAb formulation against external stress factors were estimated by compre- hensive chromatographic analysis by subjecting CTX to several informative stress conditions. As de- monstrated, the method is rapid, accurate, and reproducible for CTX quantification. It was also suc- cessfully used to quantify CTX in a long-term stability study performed under hospital conditions.
文摘PetroChina Lanzhou Petrochemical Company conducted commercial tests for application of two types of diesel demulsifiers, the HPL-2 and GX-02 demulsifiers, in order to solve the emulsion problem arising from caustic washing of straight-run diesel fraction obtained from atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit at the Lanzhou refinery. After addition of each demulsifier into the diesel fraction the oil content in caustic residue was apparently decreased, and discharge of waste caustic was reduced, resulting in the elimination of emulsification and a significant increase of economic benefits. When 70 ppm of the HPL-2 demulsifier was added to diesel fraction, the oil content in waste caustic exiting the second-stage caustic wash settling tank was reduced to 2.45% from 7.90 %, whereas this value was reduced to 2.81% from 5.96% with addition of the GX-02 demulsifier.
文摘In recent years, the water content of oilfield production fluid is high and there is a large amount of oily sewage. In order to improve the capability of sewage treatment, usually using demulsifier for oily sewage processing. This article uses simulated water sample to test the treatment effect of the optimized reverse demulsifier at different oscillation time. As the increase of action time and oscillation, the average size of droplets increases and the amount of the droplets under 1 μm decreases.
文摘BACKGROUND This case report emphasizes the potential pulmonary toxicity of demulsifier gas,which is a widely used chemical.To our knowledge,this is the first documented instance of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)induced by inhalation of demulsifier gas.This report underscores the need for increased workplace safety and awareness regarding health risks associated with demulsifiers,particularly in industrial settings.Timely diagnosis and management of ARDS are crucial for improving patient outcomes,thus making this report significant for clinical practice and occupational health literature.CASE SUMMARY We present a rare case of acute demulsifier poisoning leading to ARDS in a previously healthy 69-year-old man.He presented with chest discomfort,short-ness of breath,and dyspnea following a 30-minute exposure to demulsifier fumes in a poorly ventilated area.Chest computed tomography revealed bilateral diffuse infiltrative shadows.Based on his exposure history and clinical findings,a diag-nosis of ARDS due to demulsifier poisoning was confirmed.The patient required high-flow oxygen and intravenous norepinephrine upon admission and was subsequently intubated for mechanical ventilation.Following timely and effective multidisciplinary treatment interventions including emergency care,intensive care,and respiratory medicine,he achieved positive outcomes and was ultimately discharged.CONCLUSION This case underscores the critical importance of recognizing chemical exposure risks and their potential to cause severe respiratory complications.
文摘A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was developed for the direct determination of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)in sturgeon caviar extract.The assay employed n-hexane extraction combined with gradient elution(ZORBAX SB-C18 column),with data collected using a diode array detector.The content was calculated by external standard method and validated against the national standard(GB 5009.168-2016).The study also measured DPPH free radical scavenging capacity and moisture retention rate across different DHA concentration groups.The results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits excellent linearity(r=0.9997),with recovery rates ranging from 92.1% to 101.1% and relative standard deviations(RSD)of 2.23% to 3.92%.Compared to the national standard method,the relative deviation was 0.67% to 1.68%.At specific test concentrations,the high-DHA group shows significantly higher moisture retention(100.48%),hygroscopicity(100.85%),and DPPH scavenging efficiency(57.46%)than the low-DHA group(10.33%,11.76%,and 3.71%).The RP-HPLC method developed in this study simplifies DHA detection procedures with simple reagents and reliable results,making it suitable for rapid qualitative identification and quantitative analysis of target components in caviar extract quality control.The DPPH experiment further reveals the correlation between DHA content and antioxidant efficacy in sturgeon caviar extracts,providing scientific evidence for developing functional cosmetics.
