Flutter and forced response, as two main branches of aeroelasticity, can lead to high-cycle fatigue failure of turbomachinery blades. Efficiently and accurately assessing aeroelastic performance of turbomachinery blad...Flutter and forced response, as two main branches of aeroelasticity, can lead to high-cycle fatigue failure of turbomachinery blades. Efficiently and accurately assessing aeroelastic performance of turbomachinery blades is essential in the routine design. In this work, the Time Collocation Method (TCM) which uses the cubic B-spline to approximate flow variables is first thoroughly studied and then combined with the moving grid technique to analyze aeroelastic flow fields. To showcase its advantage over the Harmonic Balance (HB) method which uses a truncated Fourier series to approximately represent flow variables, a matrix analysis of the one-dimensional advection equation is first performed. The results of stability analysis are verified by two test cases: the Durham linear oscillating turbine cascade and a two-blade-row transonic compressor. The vibration of the blade of the first case is driven by a motor while the excitation force of the second case comes from blade row interaction. The results show that the time collocation method has a faster convergence rate and is more stable than the harmonic balance method, especially for cases with a large maximum grid reduced frequency. More importantly, the time collocation method is capable of accurately predicting aeroelastic performance of turbomachinery blades.展开更多
Unveiling the underlying physical mechanisms governing the fracture of brittle rocks is imperative for preventing rockbursts.The novelty of this study lies in the analysis of the dynamic response process of rock three...Unveiling the underlying physical mechanisms governing the fracture of brittle rocks is imperative for preventing rockbursts.The novelty of this study lies in the analysis of the dynamic response process of rock three-dimensional(3D)deformation under true triaxial stress,and the surge behavior of timedependent multifractal spectrum has been successfully used to warn of progressive failure inside the rock.Firstly,this study analyzed the dynamic adjustment trajectory of rock deformation,specifically lateral strain,within the framework of the Poisson effect.This analysis highlighted the intricate dependence of rock mechanical properties on the intermediate principal stress.Secondly,by defining the crack interval function(ICF),this study compared the disparities between the two crack growth stages(strengthening stage and weakening stage)under varying stress levels.It was found that the fracture activity of granite system has significant multifractal characteristics.Notably,the multifractal spectrum emerges as a valuable tool for characterizing the distinct fracture properties of rocks,encompassing both the crack scale and the associated energy.Finally,a quantitative criterion grounded in the multifractal parameters of the acoustic emission(AE)time series was formulated,and it indicates that the abrupt changes observed in the time-dependent fractal spectra can serve as precursor indicators for the progressive development of rockbursts.展开更多
This study proposes a method for calculating the probability distribution of structural responses at different intensities using the endurance time(ET)method.The results can be used to calculate the fragility curve of...This study proposes a method for calculating the probability distribution of structural responses at different intensities using the endurance time(ET)method.The results can be used to calculate the fragility curve of structural collapse.The ET method involves dynamic analysis of a structure under an intensifying record over time.While conventional ET methods can determine the median of the structural response,they lack the ability to calculate its dispersion.To address this limitation,the present study utilizes ET analysis and single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)systems to develop a method that considers the record-to-record variability for calculating the probability distribution of structural response.The accuracy of this method is evaluated by comparing it with the incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)method using special moment frames.The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a reasonably accurate estimation of dispersion while significantly reducing the computational burden(by approximately 95%)compared to the IDA method.展开更多
Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has...Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has been verified to evaluate the performance of FENTs,but until recently,the response time,another crucial indicator,has been ignored.Employing finite-element method,we investigated the relationship among gate charge,switching ratio and response time by divisionally manipulating gate charge,including entrance surface and the surface of confinement space,for ion transport to optimize switching capability.The dual-split gate charge on FENTs exhibits synergistic effect on switching response.Based on the two regional gate charge on FENTs,multivalence ions in lower concentration,high aspect ratio and single channel show higher switching ratio but longer response time compared to monovalent ions.The findings highlight the necessity of balancing these two signals in FENTs and offer insights for optimizing their design and expanding applications to dual-signal-detection iontronics.展开更多
This study investigates the nonlinear resonance responses of suspended cables subjected to multi-frequency excitations and time-delayed feedback.Two specific combinations and simultaneous resonances are selected for d...This study investigates the nonlinear resonance responses of suspended cables subjected to multi-frequency excitations and time-delayed feedback.Two specific combinations and simultaneous resonances are selected for detailed examination.Initially,utilizing Hamilton’s variational principle,a nonlinear vibration control model of suspended cables under multi-frequency excitations and longitudinal time-delayed velocity feedback is developed,and the Galerkin method is employed to obtain the discrete model.Subsequently,focusing solely on single-mode discretization,analytical solutions for the two simultaneous resonances are derived using the method of multiple scales.The frequency response equations are derived,and the stability analysis is presented for two simultaneous resonance cases.The results demonstrate that suspended cables exhibit complex nonlinearity under multi-frequency excitations.Multiple solutions under multi-frequency excitation can be distinguished through the frequency–response and the detuning-phase curves.By adjusting the control gain and time delay,the resonance range,response amplitude,and phase of suspended cables can be modified.展开更多
The integration of substantial renewable energy and controllable resources disrupts the supply-demand balance in distribution grids.Secure operations are dependent on the participation of user-side resources in demand...The integration of substantial renewable energy and controllable resources disrupts the supply-demand balance in distribution grids.Secure operations are dependent on the participation of user-side resources in demand response at both the day-ahead and intraday levels.Current studies typically overlook the spatial--temporal variations and coordination between these timescales,leading to significant day-ahead optimization errors,high intraday costs,and slow convergence.To address these challenges,we developed a multiagent,multitimescale aggregated regulation method for spatial--temporal coordinated demand response of user-side resources.Firstly,we established a framework considering the spatial--temporal coordinated characteristics of user-side resources with the objective to min-imize the total regulation cost and weighted sum of distribution grid losses.The optimization problem was then solved for two different timescales:day-ahead and intraday.For the day-ahead timescale,we developed an improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO)algo-rithm that dynamically adjusts the number of particles based on intraday outcomes to optimize the regulation strategies.For the intraday timescale,we developed an improved alternating direction method of multipliers(IADMM)algorithm that distributes tasks across edge distribution stations,dynamically adjusting penalty factors by using historical day-ahead data to synchronize the regulations and enhance precision.The simulation results indicate that this method can fully achieve multitimescale spatial--temporal coordinated aggregated reg-ulation between day-ahead and intraday,effectively reduce the total regulation cost and distribution grid losses,and enhance smart grid resilience.展开更多
The dynamics of network power response play a crucial role in system stability.However,the integration of power electronic equipment leads to amplitude and angular frequency(abbreviated as"frequency")time-va...The dynamics of network power response play a crucial role in system stability.However,the integration of power electronic equipment leads to amplitude and angular frequency(abbreviated as"frequency")time-varying characteristics of the node voltage during dynamic processes.As a result,traditional calcu-lation methods for and characteristics of the power response of the network based on phasor and impe-dance lose their validity.Therefore,this paper undertakes mathematical calculations to reveal the power response of a network under excitation by voltage with time-varying amplitude and frequency(TVAF),relying on the original mathematical relationships and superimposed step response.Then,the multi-timescale characteristics of both the active and reactive power of the network are explored physically.Additionally,this paper reveals a new phenomenon of storing and releasing the active and reactive power of the network.To meet practical engineering requirements,a simplified power expression is presented.Finally,the theoretical analysis is validated through time-domain simulations.展开更多
This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relativ...This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relative motion dynamics model,a prescribed time output feedback control strategy is proposed.A prescribed-time extended state observer is designed to estimate the relative velocity and external disturbances.The disturbance estimates are then used as the feedforward component of the controller.Building on this framework,a novel prescribed-time active disturbance rejection control strategy for position tracking is developed via a backstepping control design.The convergence of the extended state observer and the stability of the closed-loop system are rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory.Numerical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.展开更多
This research is focused on the calculation of a reasonable detonator delay time for realizing cut blast vibration control.First,the viscoelastic rock mass parameters corresponding to the engineering rock mass quality...This research is focused on the calculation of a reasonable detonator delay time for realizing cut blast vibration control.First,the viscoelastic rock mass parameters corresponding to the engineering rock mass quality classification were determined based on wave theory of Kelvin medium.Then,a calculation model was obtained for the millisecond-delay cut blast vibration in Kelvin media using the Starfield charge superposition principle.Further,the influence of the delay time on the cut blast vibration was quantitatively analyzed and a method for calculating the reasonable cut blasting millisecond delay time is proposed according to the principle of dimensional analysis.Finally,field tests were used to verify the applicability of the method.The results show that 5 ms to 20 ms is a better detonator delay time range and cut blasting vibration can be effectively controlled using the delay time calculated by the calculation model described in this paper.展开更多
The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions l...The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions like calf diarrhea is an emerging area of research nowadays because of increased concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance(AMR)and drug residues in animal products.Probiotics reduce the incidence of calf diarrhea by increasing the gut microbiota diversity and richness with more commensal bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium that produce antimicrobial compounds,as well as modulating the immune response by increasing cytokines,Interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and reducing tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),by increasing production of antibodies,especially immunoglobulin E(Ig E),also Ig G,differentiating naive Th lymphocytes(Tho)into Th1,hence stimulate innate immunity and prime the adaptive immune response.Specific probiotic strains of bacteria and yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)derived probiotics maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier.In this review,data are being organized to address the role of probiotics in treating calf diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota and stimulating an immune response against notorious pathogens,to present animal and veterinary scientists and nutritionists with a new concept to treat infectious diseases from the perspective of the gut microbiota,increasing animal health,performance,and welfare.In conclusion,health status and gut microbiome are strongly interlinked.Research data indicated a significant reduction in the incidence of diarrhea after probiotic administration.If interrelations between probiotics and existing gut microbiota are explored more quantitatively,novel antibiotic substitutes can emerge in the future.展开更多
Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions....Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions.A field blast experiment was conducted under close-in explosion with varying detonation offset distances(0 m,0.5 m,and 1 m),the overpressure load and dynamic responses of the full-scale RC columns were measured.Compared with the centrally detonated condition,a relative offset distance of 1.67 decreases the maximum and residual deflections of the RC column by 16.8%and 21.4%,respectively,while increasing the maximum and residual support rotations by 24.7%and 17.8%.Based on the experimental results,a theoretical model was proposed that considers the detonation location and charge mass,boundary conditions,axial compression ratio and material properties.The theoretical model exhibited good agreement with the experimental results,with prediction errors below 10%for both maximum and residual deflection.The effects of parameters were analyzed,and it indicated that an increase in offset distance results in decreased maximum and residual deflections but an increased support angle,thereby exacerbating damage.Higher axial load ratio,span-depth ratio,and longitudinal reinforcement ratio reduce both deflections and support angle.Additionally,a rapid method to predict the maximum and residual deflection of RC columns under off-central blast loading was also proposed based on the Generalized Regression Neural Network(GRNN).Eleven features which related to the RC column properties and the blast characteristics were used in the training process of GRNN,and accurate predictions were achieved with prediction errors within 20%.This study fills the gap in predicting the dynamic response of RC columns under off-central explosion,providing valuable references for blast-resistant design.展开更多
With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the ch...With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the characteristics and tendency of China's automatic driving technology standards present the situation of high policy relevance coexisting with low normative binding,professionalism coexist with barriers,forefront coexist with ambiguity.Therefore,challenges are presented both theoretically and practically on the determination of criminal responsibility based on automatic driving technology standard..In this regard,the misunderstanding should be clarified in theory:The legal order under the automatic driving technology standard has constitutionality and systematic,and there is a balance between the frontier of automatic driving technology development and the lagging of criminal law.The automatic driving technology risk level system should be built to clarify the boundary of the effectiveness of criminal law norms,seeking fora breakthrough in the application of the establishment of a comprehensive judgment system of the risks and accidents and the system of evidence to prove the system,which clarifies the determination of criminal responsibility under the automatic driving technology standard.This essay hopes to pursue breakthroughs in the application-to establish a comprehensive judgment system of risks and accidents as well as an evidence proof system,so as to clarify the determination of criminal responsibility under automatic driving technology standards.展开更多
Flowering time is a critical agronomic trait with a profound effect on the productivity and adaptabillity of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Strategically advancing flowering time can reduce the risk of yield losses due t...Flowering time is a critical agronomic trait with a profound effect on the productivity and adaptabillity of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Strategically advancing flowering time can reduce the risk of yield losses due to extreme climatic conditions and facilitate the cultivation of subsequent crops on the same land,thereby enhancing overall agricultural efficiency.In this review,we synthesize current information on flowering time regulation in rapeseed through an integrated analysis of its genetic,hormonal,and environmental dimensions,emphasizing their crosstalk and implications for yield.We consolidate multi-omics evidence from population genetics,functional genomics,and systems biology to create a haplotype-based framework that overcomes the trade-off between flowering time and yield,providing support for the precision breeding of early-maturing cultivars.The insights presented here could inform future research on flowering time regulation and guide strategies for increasing rapeseed productivity.展开更多
Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could in...Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could induce tinnitus.There are no standardized objective tests for tinnitus assessment because of its multifaceted nature.Hence,the current study aimed to explore the effect of Tinnitus on Latency and Amplitude of the Auditory Middle Latency Response in Audiological Attendees.The study recruited 50 individuals(25 normals and 25 individuals with tinnitus)who underwent audiological evaluations like Pure tone audiometry,immittance,pitch and loudness matching,THI and middle latency response.The IHS program was used to record MLR,which was obtained using tone burst stimuli of 500 Hz,1 KHz,2 KHz,and 4 KHz at a rate of 7.1/s with a constant duration of 5 ms,for a total of 1500 sweeps.As a covariate,pure tone thresholds were one of the variabilities that were addressed by ANCOVA.The amplitude of the Pa component varied significantly between the tinnitus and control groups,according to the MLR data and no other components of MLR reached that significance.Furthermore,there was no discernible variation in the latency or amplitude of MLR among any of the other components.The latency of the waveforms increased as the stimulus frequency increased.Karl Pearson correlation coefficient showed no significant correlation between THI scores and any of the outcome measures except for Pa amplitude.As the Pa component of MLR showed maximum changes between controls and individuals with tinnitus,the Pa component could be considered a potential tool for identifying neurophysiological changes related to tinnitus.展开更多
Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive ca...Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery in our hospital from June 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into the light anesthesia group(n=45)and the deep anesthesia group(n=44).The vital signs at different intraoperative nodes and perioperative stress status of the two groups were compared.Results:Before lesion resection and after surgery,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of the deep anesthesia group were lower than those of the light anesthesia group,with statistically significant differences.Conclusion:In thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery,deep anesthesia can effectively control the patient’s surgical stress response,but the postoperative awakening time is longer;patients under light anesthesia have a shorter awakening time,but the intraoperative stress response is obvious.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary app...BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.展开更多
Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused ...Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused on the deep double-line Sejila Mountain tunnel to systematically analyze the spatial response of blasting-induced vibration and to develop a prediction model through field tests and numerical simulations.The results revealed that the presence of a cross passage significantly altered propagation paths and the spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration velocity.The peak particle velocity(PPV)at the cross-passage corner was amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing.Blasting-induced vibration waves attenuated non-uniformly across the tunnel cross-section,where PPV on the blast-face side was 1.54–6.56 times higher than that on the opposite side.We propose an improved PPV attenuation model that accounts for the propagation path effect.This model significantly improved fitting accuracy and resolved anomalous parameter(k and a)estimates in traditional equations,thereby improving prediction reliability.Furthermore,based on the observed spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration,optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting were discussed.These findings provide a scientific basis for designing blasting schemes and vibration mitigation strategies in deep tunnels.展开更多
As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a ...As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a crucial role in rice growth and development,stress response,and hormone signal transduction.This review discusses the role of WRKY53 in stress response,focusing on its functions in cold tolerance,salt tolerance,disease resistance,and pest defense,and explores its role in regulating rice leaf senescence and seed germination.This article also proposes future research directions,including functional genomics studies,protein interaction network analyses,hormone signal transduction pathways,genetic improvement strategies,applications of gene editing technologies,molecular basis of stress responses,cross-species functional conservation,and bioinformatics and comparative genomics research.This review highlights the importance of WRKY53 in rice biology and provides new perspectives and strategies for future research and genetic improvement of rice.展开更多
基金supported by the Science Center for Gas Turbine Project,China(No.P2022-C-II-001-001)the National Science and Technology Major Project,Chinathe Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University,China(No.CX2022045).
文摘Flutter and forced response, as two main branches of aeroelasticity, can lead to high-cycle fatigue failure of turbomachinery blades. Efficiently and accurately assessing aeroelastic performance of turbomachinery blades is essential in the routine design. In this work, the Time Collocation Method (TCM) which uses the cubic B-spline to approximate flow variables is first thoroughly studied and then combined with the moving grid technique to analyze aeroelastic flow fields. To showcase its advantage over the Harmonic Balance (HB) method which uses a truncated Fourier series to approximately represent flow variables, a matrix analysis of the one-dimensional advection equation is first performed. The results of stability analysis are verified by two test cases: the Durham linear oscillating turbine cascade and a two-blade-row transonic compressor. The vibration of the blade of the first case is driven by a motor while the excitation force of the second case comes from blade row interaction. The results show that the time collocation method has a faster convergence rate and is more stable than the harmonic balance method, especially for cases with a large maximum grid reduced frequency. More importantly, the time collocation method is capable of accurately predicting aeroelastic performance of turbomachinery blades.
基金funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2034207)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.E2021210099).
文摘Unveiling the underlying physical mechanisms governing the fracture of brittle rocks is imperative for preventing rockbursts.The novelty of this study lies in the analysis of the dynamic response process of rock three-dimensional(3D)deformation under true triaxial stress,and the surge behavior of timedependent multifractal spectrum has been successfully used to warn of progressive failure inside the rock.Firstly,this study analyzed the dynamic adjustment trajectory of rock deformation,specifically lateral strain,within the framework of the Poisson effect.This analysis highlighted the intricate dependence of rock mechanical properties on the intermediate principal stress.Secondly,by defining the crack interval function(ICF),this study compared the disparities between the two crack growth stages(strengthening stage and weakening stage)under varying stress levels.It was found that the fracture activity of granite system has significant multifractal characteristics.Notably,the multifractal spectrum emerges as a valuable tool for characterizing the distinct fracture properties of rocks,encompassing both the crack scale and the associated energy.Finally,a quantitative criterion grounded in the multifractal parameters of the acoustic emission(AE)time series was formulated,and it indicates that the abrupt changes observed in the time-dependent fractal spectra can serve as precursor indicators for the progressive development of rockbursts.
文摘This study proposes a method for calculating the probability distribution of structural responses at different intensities using the endurance time(ET)method.The results can be used to calculate the fragility curve of structural collapse.The ET method involves dynamic analysis of a structure under an intensifying record over time.While conventional ET methods can determine the median of the structural response,they lack the ability to calculate its dispersion.To address this limitation,the present study utilizes ET analysis and single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)systems to develop a method that considers the record-to-record variability for calculating the probability distribution of structural response.The accuracy of this method is evaluated by comparing it with the incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)method using special moment frames.The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a reasonably accurate estimation of dispersion while significantly reducing the computational burden(by approximately 95%)compared to the IDA method.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China (No.2025A1515011654)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22090053)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for National Universities,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)support from the program of China Scholarships Council (No.202406410155)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST-Doctoral Student Special Plansupport from the S&T Special Program of Huzhou (No.2024GZ07)。
文摘Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has been verified to evaluate the performance of FENTs,but until recently,the response time,another crucial indicator,has been ignored.Employing finite-element method,we investigated the relationship among gate charge,switching ratio and response time by divisionally manipulating gate charge,including entrance surface and the surface of confinement space,for ion transport to optimize switching capability.The dual-split gate charge on FENTs exhibits synergistic effect on switching response.Based on the two regional gate charge on FENTs,multivalence ions in lower concentration,high aspect ratio and single channel show higher switching ratio but longer response time compared to monovalent ions.The findings highlight the necessity of balancing these two signals in FENTs and offer insights for optimizing their design and expanding applications to dual-signal-detection iontronics.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12432001)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant Nos.2023JJ60527,2023JJ30152,and 2023JJ30259)the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha(KQ2202133).
文摘This study investigates the nonlinear resonance responses of suspended cables subjected to multi-frequency excitations and time-delayed feedback.Two specific combinations and simultaneous resonances are selected for detailed examination.Initially,utilizing Hamilton’s variational principle,a nonlinear vibration control model of suspended cables under multi-frequency excitations and longitudinal time-delayed velocity feedback is developed,and the Galerkin method is employed to obtain the discrete model.Subsequently,focusing solely on single-mode discretization,analytical solutions for the two simultaneous resonances are derived using the method of multiple scales.The frequency response equations are derived,and the stability analysis is presented for two simultaneous resonance cases.The results demonstrate that suspended cables exhibit complex nonlinearity under multi-frequency excitations.Multiple solutions under multi-frequency excitation can be distinguished through the frequency–response and the detuning-phase curves.By adjusting the control gain and time delay,the resonance range,response amplitude,and phase of suspended cables can be modified.
基金supported by Science and Technology Program of China Southern Power Grid Corporation under grant number 036000KK52222004(GDKJXM20222117)National Key R&D Program of China for International S&T Cooperation Projects(2019YFE0118700).
文摘The integration of substantial renewable energy and controllable resources disrupts the supply-demand balance in distribution grids.Secure operations are dependent on the participation of user-side resources in demand response at both the day-ahead and intraday levels.Current studies typically overlook the spatial--temporal variations and coordination between these timescales,leading to significant day-ahead optimization errors,high intraday costs,and slow convergence.To address these challenges,we developed a multiagent,multitimescale aggregated regulation method for spatial--temporal coordinated demand response of user-side resources.Firstly,we established a framework considering the spatial--temporal coordinated characteristics of user-side resources with the objective to min-imize the total regulation cost and weighted sum of distribution grid losses.The optimization problem was then solved for two different timescales:day-ahead and intraday.For the day-ahead timescale,we developed an improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO)algo-rithm that dynamically adjusts the number of particles based on intraday outcomes to optimize the regulation strategies.For the intraday timescale,we developed an improved alternating direction method of multipliers(IADMM)algorithm that distributes tasks across edge distribution stations,dynamically adjusting penalty factors by using historical day-ahead data to synchronize the regulations and enhance precision.The simulation results indicate that this method can fully achieve multitimescale spatial--temporal coordinated aggregated reg-ulation between day-ahead and intraday,effectively reduce the total regulation cost and distribution grid losses,and enhance smart grid resilience.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Fundation of China(52225704 and 52107096).
文摘The dynamics of network power response play a crucial role in system stability.However,the integration of power electronic equipment leads to amplitude and angular frequency(abbreviated as"frequency")time-varying characteristics of the node voltage during dynamic processes.As a result,traditional calcu-lation methods for and characteristics of the power response of the network based on phasor and impe-dance lose their validity.Therefore,this paper undertakes mathematical calculations to reveal the power response of a network under excitation by voltage with time-varying amplitude and frequency(TVAF),relying on the original mathematical relationships and superimposed step response.Then,the multi-timescale characteristics of both the active and reactive power of the network are explored physically.Additionally,this paper reveals a new phenomenon of storing and releasing the active and reactive power of the network.To meet practical engineering requirements,a simplified power expression is presented.Finally,the theoretical analysis is validated through time-domain simulations.
文摘This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relative motion dynamics model,a prescribed time output feedback control strategy is proposed.A prescribed-time extended state observer is designed to estimate the relative velocity and external disturbances.The disturbance estimates are then used as the feedforward component of the controller.Building on this framework,a novel prescribed-time active disturbance rejection control strategy for position tracking is developed via a backstepping control design.The convergence of the extended state observer and the stability of the closed-loop system are rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory.Numerical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51979205 and 51939008。
文摘This research is focused on the calculation of a reasonable detonator delay time for realizing cut blast vibration control.First,the viscoelastic rock mass parameters corresponding to the engineering rock mass quality classification were determined based on wave theory of Kelvin medium.Then,a calculation model was obtained for the millisecond-delay cut blast vibration in Kelvin media using the Starfield charge superposition principle.Further,the influence of the delay time on the cut blast vibration was quantitatively analyzed and a method for calculating the reasonable cut blasting millisecond delay time is proposed according to the principle of dimensional analysis.Finally,field tests were used to verify the applicability of the method.The results show that 5 ms to 20 ms is a better detonator delay time range and cut blasting vibration can be effectively controlled using the delay time calculated by the calculation model described in this paper.
基金financial support from the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20230718)。
文摘The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions like calf diarrhea is an emerging area of research nowadays because of increased concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance(AMR)and drug residues in animal products.Probiotics reduce the incidence of calf diarrhea by increasing the gut microbiota diversity and richness with more commensal bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium that produce antimicrobial compounds,as well as modulating the immune response by increasing cytokines,Interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and reducing tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),by increasing production of antibodies,especially immunoglobulin E(Ig E),also Ig G,differentiating naive Th lymphocytes(Tho)into Th1,hence stimulate innate immunity and prime the adaptive immune response.Specific probiotic strains of bacteria and yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)derived probiotics maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier.In this review,data are being organized to address the role of probiotics in treating calf diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota and stimulating an immune response against notorious pathogens,to present animal and veterinary scientists and nutritionists with a new concept to treat infectious diseases from the perspective of the gut microbiota,increasing animal health,performance,and welfare.In conclusion,health status and gut microbiome are strongly interlinked.Research data indicated a significant reduction in the incidence of diarrhea after probiotic administration.If interrelations between probiotics and existing gut microbiota are explored more quantitatively,novel antibiotic substitutes can emerge in the future.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.12472399)。
文摘Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions.A field blast experiment was conducted under close-in explosion with varying detonation offset distances(0 m,0.5 m,and 1 m),the overpressure load and dynamic responses of the full-scale RC columns were measured.Compared with the centrally detonated condition,a relative offset distance of 1.67 decreases the maximum and residual deflections of the RC column by 16.8%and 21.4%,respectively,while increasing the maximum and residual support rotations by 24.7%and 17.8%.Based on the experimental results,a theoretical model was proposed that considers the detonation location and charge mass,boundary conditions,axial compression ratio and material properties.The theoretical model exhibited good agreement with the experimental results,with prediction errors below 10%for both maximum and residual deflection.The effects of parameters were analyzed,and it indicated that an increase in offset distance results in decreased maximum and residual deflections but an increased support angle,thereby exacerbating damage.Higher axial load ratio,span-depth ratio,and longitudinal reinforcement ratio reduce both deflections and support angle.Additionally,a rapid method to predict the maximum and residual deflection of RC columns under off-central blast loading was also proposed based on the Generalized Regression Neural Network(GRNN).Eleven features which related to the RC column properties and the blast characteristics were used in the training process of GRNN,and accurate predictions were achieved with prediction errors within 20%.This study fills the gap in predicting the dynamic response of RC columns under off-central explosion,providing valuable references for blast-resistant design.
基金The National Social Science Foundation Youth Project of China:Research on the collaborative govemance path of administrative law and criminal law against dangerous driving behaviors in the digital-intelligent society(25CFX108)。
文摘With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the characteristics and tendency of China's automatic driving technology standards present the situation of high policy relevance coexisting with low normative binding,professionalism coexist with barriers,forefront coexist with ambiguity.Therefore,challenges are presented both theoretically and practically on the determination of criminal responsibility based on automatic driving technology standard..In this regard,the misunderstanding should be clarified in theory:The legal order under the automatic driving technology standard has constitutionality and systematic,and there is a balance between the frontier of automatic driving technology development and the lagging of criminal law.The automatic driving technology risk level system should be built to clarify the boundary of the effectiveness of criminal law norms,seeking fora breakthrough in the application of the establishment of a comprehensive judgment system of the risks and accidents and the system of evidence to prove the system,which clarifies the determination of criminal responsibility under the automatic driving technology standard.This essay hopes to pursue breakthroughs in the application-to establish a comprehensive judgment system of risks and accidents as well as an evidence proof system,so as to clarify the determination of criminal responsibility under automatic driving technology standards.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272111)+4 种基金Special fund for youth team of the Southwest Universities(SWU-XJPY202306)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(CSTB2024NSCQLZX0012)Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-12)Chongqing Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(COMAITS202504)Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2022ZD04008).We sincerely appreciate the Plant Editors team for English language editing of the manuscript,which significantly improved its clarity and overall quality.
文摘Flowering time is a critical agronomic trait with a profound effect on the productivity and adaptabillity of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).Strategically advancing flowering time can reduce the risk of yield losses due to extreme climatic conditions and facilitate the cultivation of subsequent crops on the same land,thereby enhancing overall agricultural efficiency.In this review,we synthesize current information on flowering time regulation in rapeseed through an integrated analysis of its genetic,hormonal,and environmental dimensions,emphasizing their crosstalk and implications for yield.We consolidate multi-omics evidence from population genetics,functional genomics,and systems biology to create a haplotype-based framework that overcomes the trade-off between flowering time and yield,providing support for the precision breeding of early-maturing cultivars.The insights presented here could inform future research on flowering time regulation and guide strategies for increasing rapeseed productivity.
文摘Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could induce tinnitus.There are no standardized objective tests for tinnitus assessment because of its multifaceted nature.Hence,the current study aimed to explore the effect of Tinnitus on Latency and Amplitude of the Auditory Middle Latency Response in Audiological Attendees.The study recruited 50 individuals(25 normals and 25 individuals with tinnitus)who underwent audiological evaluations like Pure tone audiometry,immittance,pitch and loudness matching,THI and middle latency response.The IHS program was used to record MLR,which was obtained using tone burst stimuli of 500 Hz,1 KHz,2 KHz,and 4 KHz at a rate of 7.1/s with a constant duration of 5 ms,for a total of 1500 sweeps.As a covariate,pure tone thresholds were one of the variabilities that were addressed by ANCOVA.The amplitude of the Pa component varied significantly between the tinnitus and control groups,according to the MLR data and no other components of MLR reached that significance.Furthermore,there was no discernible variation in the latency or amplitude of MLR among any of the other components.The latency of the waveforms increased as the stimulus frequency increased.Karl Pearson correlation coefficient showed no significant correlation between THI scores and any of the outcome measures except for Pa amplitude.As the Pa component of MLR showed maximum changes between controls and individuals with tinnitus,the Pa component could be considered a potential tool for identifying neurophysiological changes related to tinnitus.
文摘Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery in our hospital from June 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into the light anesthesia group(n=45)and the deep anesthesia group(n=44).The vital signs at different intraoperative nodes and perioperative stress status of the two groups were compared.Results:Before lesion resection and after surgery,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of the deep anesthesia group were lower than those of the light anesthesia group,with statistically significant differences.Conclusion:In thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery,deep anesthesia can effectively control the patient’s surgical stress response,but the postoperative awakening time is longer;patients under light anesthesia have a shorter awakening time,but the intraoperative stress response is obvious.
文摘BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42577209 and U22A20239)the Key R&D Program of Hunan Province(No.2024WK2004)the Key Technologies for Accurate Diagnosis and Intelligent Prevention and Control of Slope Hazards in Open pit Mines,181 Major R&D projects of Metallurgical Corporation of China Ltd。
文摘Excessive blasting-induced vibration during drilling-and-blasting excavation of deep tunnels can trigger geological hazards and compromise the stability of both the rock mass and support structures.This study focused on the deep double-line Sejila Mountain tunnel to systematically analyze the spatial response of blasting-induced vibration and to develop a prediction model through field tests and numerical simulations.The results revealed that the presence of a cross passage significantly altered propagation paths and the spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration velocity.The peak particle velocity(PPV)at the cross-passage corner was amplified by approximately 1.92 times due to wave reflection and geometric focusing.Blasting-induced vibration waves attenuated non-uniformly across the tunnel cross-section,where PPV on the blast-face side was 1.54–6.56 times higher than that on the opposite side.We propose an improved PPV attenuation model that accounts for the propagation path effect.This model significantly improved fitting accuracy and resolved anomalous parameter(k and a)estimates in traditional equations,thereby improving prediction reliability.Furthermore,based on the observed spatial distribution of blasting-induced vibration,optimal monitoring point placement and targeted vibration control measures for tunnel blasting were discussed.These findings provide a scientific basis for designing blasting schemes and vibration mitigation strategies in deep tunnels.
基金supported by the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.2024AFB917).
文摘As sessile organisms,plants must adapt various stresses.Accordingly,they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes.WRKY53 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family,which plays a crucial role in rice growth and development,stress response,and hormone signal transduction.This review discusses the role of WRKY53 in stress response,focusing on its functions in cold tolerance,salt tolerance,disease resistance,and pest defense,and explores its role in regulating rice leaf senescence and seed germination.This article also proposes future research directions,including functional genomics studies,protein interaction network analyses,hormone signal transduction pathways,genetic improvement strategies,applications of gene editing technologies,molecular basis of stress responses,cross-species functional conservation,and bioinformatics and comparative genomics research.This review highlights the importance of WRKY53 in rice biology and provides new perspectives and strategies for future research and genetic improvement of rice.
