Carbon dioxide reduction(CO2RR)has become a promising way to address the energy and environmental crisis,of which the fundamental development of the optimal electrocatalysts is the crucial part.Herein,we develop Fe an...Carbon dioxide reduction(CO2RR)has become a promising way to address the energy and environmental crisis,of which the fundamental development of the optimal electrocatalysts is the crucial part.Herein,we develop Fe and N doping porous carb on n ematosphere(FeNPCN)as an excellent CO2RR electrocatalyst in aqueous electrolyte.Featuring with the high conductivity,pore structure and abundant Fe and N doping,FeNPCN exhibits high catalytic activity with a high faradaic selectivity of CO(94%)and long-term durability.Moreover,the ratio of CO and H2 can be changed by the applied potential for the different syngas related industry.Density functional theory(DFT)calculation results also reveal that the excellent catalytic activity is likely attributed to C and N hybrid coordination with atomic Fe.展开更多
A dietary transition from refined to whole grains would optimize grain processing,reduce food loss and emissions,and increase food nutritional contents.The results of systematical analysis and calculations in our stud...A dietary transition from refined to whole grains would optimize grain processing,reduce food loss and emissions,and increase food nutritional contents.The results of systematical analysis and calculations in our study show that the average processing loss rate of grains including rice,wheat,and maize is approximately 4.1%in China due to the refinement,equivalent to an annual loss of around 13.3 Mt of grains.Furthermore,the refining process significantly reduces the nutritional contents of rice(51.6%),wheat flour(55.4%),and corn products(80.4%)mainly resulting from the removal of dietary fiber,minerals,and vitamins in refined grains.Replacing refined grains with whole grains in diets would lower agricultural carbon emissions by 2.7%,reducing agricultural water use by 4.3%,and saving arable land by 1,972,607 ha.Total environmental footprint could be reduced by 35%to 79%under three proposed scenarios.These findings indicate that shifting toward whole grain-based diets by Chinese consumers could reduce food losses,enhance human health,and improve environmental sustainability.This approach offers a promising strategy for transitioning towards more resilient and sustainable agri-food systems,benefiting human and planetary health.展开更多
The nonlinear properties of small amplitude electron-acoustic(EA) solitary and shock waves in a homogeneous system of unmagnetized collisionless plasma with nonextensive distribution for hot electrons have been invest...The nonlinear properties of small amplitude electron-acoustic(EA) solitary and shock waves in a homogeneous system of unmagnetized collisionless plasma with nonextensive distribution for hot electrons have been investigated.A reductive perturbation method used to obtain the Kadomstev-Petviashvili-Burgers equation.Bifurcation analysis has been discussed for non-dissipative system in the absence of Burgers term and reveals different classes of the traveling wave solutions.The obtained solutions are related to periodic and soliton waves and their behavior are shown graphically.In the presence of the Burgers term,the EXP-function method is used to solve the Kadomstev-Petviashvih-Burgers equation and the obtained solution is related to shock wave.The obtained results may be helpful in better conception of waves propagation in various space plasma environments as well as in inertial confinement fusion laboratory plasmas.展开更多
The high cost and poor durability of Pt nanoparticles(NPs)have always been great challenges to the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).Pt-based intermetallic NPs with a highly ordered stru...The high cost and poor durability of Pt nanoparticles(NPs)have always been great challenges to the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).Pt-based intermetallic NPs with a highly ordered structure are considered as promising catalysts for PEMFCs due to their high catalytic activity and stability.Here,we reported a facile method to synthesize N-doped carbon encapsulated PtZn intermetallic(PtZn@NC)NPs via the pyrolysis of Pt@Zn-based zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(Pt@ZIF-8)composites.The catalyst obtained at 800℃(10%-PtZn@NC-800)was found to exhibit a half-wave potential(Ev2)up to 0.912 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)for the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction in an acidic medium,which shifted by 26 mV positively compared to the benchmark Pt/C catalyst.Besides,the mass activity and specific activity of 10%-PtZn@NC-800 at 0.9 V versus RHE were nearly 3 and 5 times as great as that of commercial Pt/C,respectively.It is worth noting that the PtZn@NC showed excel Ient stability in oxygen reducti on reacti on(ORR)with just 1 mV of the Ev2 loss after 5,000 cycles,which is superior to that of most reported PtM catalysts(especially those disordered solid solutions).Furthermore,such N-doped carb on shell encapsulated PtZn intermetallic NPs showed significa ntly enha need performances towards the anodic oxidation reaction of organic small molecules(such as methanol and formic acid).The synergistic effects of the N doped carbon encapsulation structure and intermetallic NPs are responsible for outstanding performances of the catalysts.This work provides us a new engineering strategy to acquire highly active and stable multifunctional catalysts for PEMFCs.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21725103,51522101,51471075,51631004,51472232,51522202 and 21771013)Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(No.2017TD-09).
文摘Carbon dioxide reduction(CO2RR)has become a promising way to address the energy and environmental crisis,of which the fundamental development of the optimal electrocatalysts is the crucial part.Herein,we develop Fe and N doping porous carb on n ematosphere(FeNPCN)as an excellent CO2RR electrocatalyst in aqueous electrolyte.Featuring with the high conductivity,pore structure and abundant Fe and N doping,FeNPCN exhibits high catalytic activity with a high faradaic selectivity of CO(94%)and long-term durability.Moreover,the ratio of CO and H2 can be changed by the applied potential for the different syngas related industry.Density functional theory(DFT)calculation results also reveal that the excellent catalytic activity is likely attributed to C and N hybrid coordination with atomic Fe.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1100501)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of Shunde Innovation School of University of Science and Technology Beijing(2024BH002).
文摘A dietary transition from refined to whole grains would optimize grain processing,reduce food loss and emissions,and increase food nutritional contents.The results of systematical analysis and calculations in our study show that the average processing loss rate of grains including rice,wheat,and maize is approximately 4.1%in China due to the refinement,equivalent to an annual loss of around 13.3 Mt of grains.Furthermore,the refining process significantly reduces the nutritional contents of rice(51.6%),wheat flour(55.4%),and corn products(80.4%)mainly resulting from the removal of dietary fiber,minerals,and vitamins in refined grains.Replacing refined grains with whole grains in diets would lower agricultural carbon emissions by 2.7%,reducing agricultural water use by 4.3%,and saving arable land by 1,972,607 ha.Total environmental footprint could be reduced by 35%to 79%under three proposed scenarios.These findings indicate that shifting toward whole grain-based diets by Chinese consumers could reduce food losses,enhance human health,and improve environmental sustainability.This approach offers a promising strategy for transitioning towards more resilient and sustainable agri-food systems,benefiting human and planetary health.
文摘The nonlinear properties of small amplitude electron-acoustic(EA) solitary and shock waves in a homogeneous system of unmagnetized collisionless plasma with nonextensive distribution for hot electrons have been investigated.A reductive perturbation method used to obtain the Kadomstev-Petviashvili-Burgers equation.Bifurcation analysis has been discussed for non-dissipative system in the absence of Burgers term and reveals different classes of the traveling wave solutions.The obtained solutions are related to periodic and soliton waves and their behavior are shown graphically.In the presence of the Burgers term,the EXP-function method is used to solve the Kadomstev-Petviashvih-Burgers equation and the obtained solution is related to shock wave.The obtained results may be helpful in better conception of waves propagation in various space plasma environments as well as in inertial confinement fusion laboratory plasmas.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2017YFA0206500 and 2017YFA0206801)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2015CB932301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21671163 and 21721001).
文摘The high cost and poor durability of Pt nanoparticles(NPs)have always been great challenges to the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).Pt-based intermetallic NPs with a highly ordered structure are considered as promising catalysts for PEMFCs due to their high catalytic activity and stability.Here,we reported a facile method to synthesize N-doped carbon encapsulated PtZn intermetallic(PtZn@NC)NPs via the pyrolysis of Pt@Zn-based zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(Pt@ZIF-8)composites.The catalyst obtained at 800℃(10%-PtZn@NC-800)was found to exhibit a half-wave potential(Ev2)up to 0.912 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)for the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction in an acidic medium,which shifted by 26 mV positively compared to the benchmark Pt/C catalyst.Besides,the mass activity and specific activity of 10%-PtZn@NC-800 at 0.9 V versus RHE were nearly 3 and 5 times as great as that of commercial Pt/C,respectively.It is worth noting that the PtZn@NC showed excel Ient stability in oxygen reducti on reacti on(ORR)with just 1 mV of the Ev2 loss after 5,000 cycles,which is superior to that of most reported PtM catalysts(especially those disordered solid solutions).Furthermore,such N-doped carb on shell encapsulated PtZn intermetallic NPs showed significa ntly enha need performances towards the anodic oxidation reaction of organic small molecules(such as methanol and formic acid).The synergistic effects of the N doped carbon encapsulation structure and intermetallic NPs are responsible for outstanding performances of the catalysts.This work provides us a new engineering strategy to acquire highly active and stable multifunctional catalysts for PEMFCs.
