RDV■(dynamic vasoactive reactor)chemical technology represents a disruptive innovation operating under both surface and downhole conditions,producing irreversible and in situ adaptable effects.It has demonstrated tra...RDV■(dynamic vasoactive reactor)chemical technology represents a disruptive innovation operating under both surface and downhole conditions,producing irreversible and in situ adaptable effects.It has demonstrated transformative capacity across crude oils of various API gravities,with notable impact on extra-heavy crudes and bitumens,through a mechanism based on targeted proton donation that induces selective protonation of polar structures,generating transient carbocations that catalyze molecular fragmentation.This work presents a comprehensive analysis of the effects of RDV-DMG001■treatment(currently named RDV-01L■)on bitumen samples from the Primrose field,Alberta,Canada,using capillary chromatography,SARA analysis,and rheological evaluation,complemented with comparative data on prior applications of RDV-01L■in extra-heavy crudes from Venezuela(Boscán and El Salto).Results for Primrose bitumen show an 85%reduction in viscosity(from 500,000 to 75,000 cP),an increase in API gravity from 8.5 to 15.0(+76.4%),and molecular redistribution toward medium-chain hydrocarbons(C_(13)-C_(16)),with increases in molar and mass fractions up to 39.1%and 62.3%,respectively.SARA analysis confirmed fragmentation of asphaltenes(2.0%mass reduction)and a 5.8%increase in resins,improving colloidal stability and lowering precipitation risk.These changes align with RDV■’s mechanism of action based on carbocation generation.Notably,in field conditions-which are more dynamic and energetically favorable-RDV■treatment efficacy tends to exceed laboratory results,due to synergy among temperature,pressure,and fluid flow gradients which accelerate and enhance protonation and molecular fragmentation.Validated in contexts of advanced chemical transformation(Venezuela,Canada),the technology enables substantial improvements in fluidity,transport,processing,and recovery,with significant potential for annual cost savings in extraction and processing.This study positions RDV■as a disruptive,irreversible,and in situ adaptable chemical solution superior to conventional technologies such as surfactants,nanocatalysts,or aquathermolysis.RDV■is a quantum-impact chemical technology operating via molecular protonation reactions and controlled carbocation formation.The term“quantum”is used here as a conceptual analogy to describe the magnitude and specificity of the molecular reconfiguration induced by RDV■,without asserting direct experimental evidence of quantum reactivity.展开更多
Heavy crude oils present significant operational challenges due to their high viscosity and low API gravity.Conventional methods are often inefficient and lack scalability.This study evaluates the chemical technology ...Heavy crude oils present significant operational challenges due to their high viscosity and low API gravity.Conventional methods are often inefficient and lack scalability.This study evaluates the chemical technology known as RDV■(dynamic vasoactive reactor),a formulation characterized by threshold-based molecular reconfiguration,validated through field-proven catalytic behavior that induces molecular fragmentation of long-chain fractions(C_(17)+)into medium-chain fractions(C_(13)-C_(16))through protonation and carbocation formation.A field study in Texas was conducted on 160 barrels of heavy crude(19.6°API)treated with an ultra-low dose of 1,486 ppm of RDV■.Results obtained over a 157-day period under seasonal thermal variations showed an increase of+5.4°API,a reduction in water content to 0.1%,and complete elimination of the paraffin bed.Unlike conventional chemical treatments,RDV■operates at ultra-low concentrations and sustains its effect over extended periods without re-dosing,redefining operational paradigms in heavy crude processing.These findings validate the effectiveness of RDV■under uncontrolled field conditions and demonstrate a per-ppm efficiency 21.8 times higher than previously observed in laboratory studies.RDV■technology is established as a scalable and economically efficient solution for upgrading heavy crude oils.These results position RDV■as a transformative technology for sustainable energy operations,with direct implications for heavy crude upgrading strategies in industrial settings.展开更多
By Using the modified method to extract Rice dwarf virus virions from infected rice leaves,a concentration 3.854mg/mL of purified virus virions reached,and the Rabbits was immunized with purified virions,yielding high...By Using the modified method to extract Rice dwarf virus virions from infected rice leaves,a concentration 3.854mg/mL of purified virus virions reached,and the Rabbits was immunized with purified virions,yielding high titer antiserum;1:20480 by the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(I-ELISA)test.The antiserum successfully detected three rice samples from Kunming,Yuxi and Luliang by I-ELISA.Immunocapture polymerase chain reaction(IC-PCR),respectively was the utilized to show that serologic and molecular methods were successfully used for detection of Rice dwarf virus.展开更多
文摘RDV■(dynamic vasoactive reactor)chemical technology represents a disruptive innovation operating under both surface and downhole conditions,producing irreversible and in situ adaptable effects.It has demonstrated transformative capacity across crude oils of various API gravities,with notable impact on extra-heavy crudes and bitumens,through a mechanism based on targeted proton donation that induces selective protonation of polar structures,generating transient carbocations that catalyze molecular fragmentation.This work presents a comprehensive analysis of the effects of RDV-DMG001■treatment(currently named RDV-01L■)on bitumen samples from the Primrose field,Alberta,Canada,using capillary chromatography,SARA analysis,and rheological evaluation,complemented with comparative data on prior applications of RDV-01L■in extra-heavy crudes from Venezuela(Boscán and El Salto).Results for Primrose bitumen show an 85%reduction in viscosity(from 500,000 to 75,000 cP),an increase in API gravity from 8.5 to 15.0(+76.4%),and molecular redistribution toward medium-chain hydrocarbons(C_(13)-C_(16)),with increases in molar and mass fractions up to 39.1%and 62.3%,respectively.SARA analysis confirmed fragmentation of asphaltenes(2.0%mass reduction)and a 5.8%increase in resins,improving colloidal stability and lowering precipitation risk.These changes align with RDV■’s mechanism of action based on carbocation generation.Notably,in field conditions-which are more dynamic and energetically favorable-RDV■treatment efficacy tends to exceed laboratory results,due to synergy among temperature,pressure,and fluid flow gradients which accelerate and enhance protonation and molecular fragmentation.Validated in contexts of advanced chemical transformation(Venezuela,Canada),the technology enables substantial improvements in fluidity,transport,processing,and recovery,with significant potential for annual cost savings in extraction and processing.This study positions RDV■as a disruptive,irreversible,and in situ adaptable chemical solution superior to conventional technologies such as surfactants,nanocatalysts,or aquathermolysis.RDV■is a quantum-impact chemical technology operating via molecular protonation reactions and controlled carbocation formation.The term“quantum”is used here as a conceptual analogy to describe the magnitude and specificity of the molecular reconfiguration induced by RDV■,without asserting direct experimental evidence of quantum reactivity.
文摘Heavy crude oils present significant operational challenges due to their high viscosity and low API gravity.Conventional methods are often inefficient and lack scalability.This study evaluates the chemical technology known as RDV■(dynamic vasoactive reactor),a formulation characterized by threshold-based molecular reconfiguration,validated through field-proven catalytic behavior that induces molecular fragmentation of long-chain fractions(C_(17)+)into medium-chain fractions(C_(13)-C_(16))through protonation and carbocation formation.A field study in Texas was conducted on 160 barrels of heavy crude(19.6°API)treated with an ultra-low dose of 1,486 ppm of RDV■.Results obtained over a 157-day period under seasonal thermal variations showed an increase of+5.4°API,a reduction in water content to 0.1%,and complete elimination of the paraffin bed.Unlike conventional chemical treatments,RDV■operates at ultra-low concentrations and sustains its effect over extended periods without re-dosing,redefining operational paradigms in heavy crude processing.These findings validate the effectiveness of RDV■under uncontrolled field conditions and demonstrate a per-ppm efficiency 21.8 times higher than previously observed in laboratory studies.RDV■technology is established as a scalable and economically efficient solution for upgrading heavy crude oils.These results position RDV■as a transformative technology for sustainable energy operations,with direct implications for heavy crude upgrading strategies in industrial settings.
文摘By Using the modified method to extract Rice dwarf virus virions from infected rice leaves,a concentration 3.854mg/mL of purified virus virions reached,and the Rabbits was immunized with purified virions,yielding high titer antiserum;1:20480 by the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(I-ELISA)test.The antiserum successfully detected three rice samples from Kunming,Yuxi and Luliang by I-ELISA.Immunocapture polymerase chain reaction(IC-PCR),respectively was the utilized to show that serologic and molecular methods were successfully used for detection of Rice dwarf virus.
