Five triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Eclipta prostrata L.. On the basis of their chemical properties and spectral data, they were identified as eclalbasaponins II(1), I(2), II...Five triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Eclipta prostrata L.. On the basis of their chemical properties and spectral data, they were identified as eclalbasaponins II(1), I(2), III(3), 3-O-[b-D-glucopyranosyl(12)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-16a-ethoxy-olean-12-ene-28-oic acid-28-O-b-D-glu-copyranoside(4) and 3-O-[(2-O-sulfuryl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)(12)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-echinocystic acid-28-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(5). Compounds 4 and 5 are new compounds and named eclalbasaponins XI and XII, respectively. Compounds 1 and 5 induced morphological deformation of Pyricularia oryzae mycelia.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the in vivo anti-salmonella activity and the safety of aqueous extract of Euphorbia prostratra(E. prostratra), a plant commonly used in Cameroon by traditional healers.Methods: A Salmonella t...Objective: To investigate the in vivo anti-salmonella activity and the safety of aqueous extract of Euphorbia prostratra(E. prostratra), a plant commonly used in Cameroon by traditional healers.Methods: A Salmonella typhimurium-infected rat model was used for the study. The physiological, biochemical and histopathological markers of possible side effects of this extract were studied using standard methods.Results: The extract had a significant effect on the number of viable Salmonella typhimurium recovered from faeces, and could stop salmonellosis after 8 and 10 days of treatment for male and female rats, respectively, with non-toxic doses. However, the biochemical and histopathological analyses revealed that at relatively high doses(≥ 73.48 mg/kg for female and ≥ 122.71 mg/kg for male) the extract could induce liver damage, as illustrated by a rise of serum transaminases' levels and significant inflammation of the parenchyma and portal vein.Side effects were also observed on the kidneys, as shown by both serum and urinary creatinine,and urinary proteins.Conclusions: The overall results indicate that the aqueous extract of E. prostrata has the potential to provide an effective treatment for salmonellosis, including typhoid fever. However,it is necessary to extrapolate these results in large animals, in further studies.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the anticancer activity of the methanolic extract of Cyathula prostrata in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC)-bearing mice with methotrexate as positive control in the advanced stage of tumorigenesis...Objective:To evaluate the anticancer activity of the methanolic extract of Cyathula prostrata in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC)-bearing mice with methotrexate as positive control in the advanced stage of tumorigenesis.Methods:EAC was induced in swiss albino mice by injecting10~6 cell/mL of tumor cell suspension intraperitoneal.The methanolic extract of Cyathula prostrata effect on the tumor cell viability,DNA fragmentation and MTT assay were carried out.Results:Methanolic extract attenuated percentage increased in the cell survival lime when compared to control group.However,the effect was less than that of methotrexat.Methotrexat and the extracts reversed the tumor-induced alterations in UNA fragmentation and MTT assay.Conclusions:The present study suggests that the methanol extract of Cyathula prostrata has significant anticancer activity and that is comparable to that of methotrexate.展开更多
Four new ent-kaurane diterpenes with chiral epoxyangelate moieties, (2′R,3′R)-3 a- (2′,3′-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (1), (2′S,3′S)-3 a- (2′,3′-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (2), (2′...Four new ent-kaurane diterpenes with chiral epoxyangelate moieties, (2′R,3′R)-3 a- (2′,3′-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (1), (2′S,3′S)-3 a- (2′,3′-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (2), (2′S,3′R)-3 a- (2',3'-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (3) and (2′R,3′S)-3α- (2′,3'-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (4), along with eight known diterpenes (5-12), were isolated from Wedelia prostrata. The absolute configurations of the new structures were determined by X-ray crystallography,ECD calculations and chemical methods. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity activities on human HepG-2 cells,with IC_(50) values of 11.72 ±0.22 μmol/L to 54.75±1.12 μmol/L.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effects of wedelolactone,a major flavonoid from Vietnamese Eclipta prostrata(L)L.,on inflammation and insulin resistance.Methods:Wedelolactone was extracted from the leaves of Vietnamese Ecli...Objective:To evaluate the effects of wedelolactone,a major flavonoid from Vietnamese Eclipta prostrata(L)L.,on inflammation and insulin resistance.Methods:Wedelolactone was extracted from the leaves of Vietnamese Eclipta prostrata(L.)L.with methanol by Soxhlet.The effects of wedelolactone on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced cytokine production,reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)oxidase activities in Raw 264.7 cells were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),specific immunofluorescent dyes and luminometric analysis,respectively.In addition,its effects on glucose uptake and the protein expression of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)and glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)were examined in 3T3-L1 cells by immunofluorescent dyes and Western blot.Results:Wedelolactone at 30μg/mL significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-8(P<0.01)with no noticeable effects on IL-10 level.It also reduced ROS generation and NADPH oxidase activities in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells(P<0.01).Furthermore,wedelolactone showed anti-insulin resistance activity,as evidenced by improved glucose uptake and the upregulated expression of IRS1 and GLUT4 in 3T3-L1 cells(P<0.01).Conclusions:Wedelolactone exhibits anti-inflammation and anti-insulin resistance effects,which may be used for the treatment of diabetes and inflammation-associated diseases.展开更多
Background:Euphorbia prostrata Ait.is an annual herb widely distributed in the southern region of China with great medical values on Anti-inflammation,insect repellent,treatment of diarrhea.Despite its extensive uses ...Background:Euphorbia prostrata Ait.is an annual herb widely distributed in the southern region of China with great medical values on Anti-inflammation,insect repellent,treatment of diarrhea.Despite its extensive uses as a traditional Chinese medicine,no systematic research on the identification of E.prostrata has been reported.Methods:The study aimed to establish an accurate identification system for E.prostrata through traditional pharmacognostical methods,including botanical origin,morphological characters,medicinal material characters,microscopic characters,physicochemical parameters determination,phytochemical screening,and DNA barcoding analysis.Results:Physicochemical results show that this plant likely contains flavonoids,anthraquinones,and other substances.The ITS loci of the nuclear genome and psbA-trnH loci of the chloroplast genome were selected and evaluated,which were the most variable loci.Conclusion:The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of species identification,as well as provide references for authenticity identification,genetic relationship analysis,and further utilization of E.prostrata.展开更多
Current drugs against multiple human malignancies are limited,and developing new treatment strategies is improbable within a short time.So,considering the current situation,phytochemicals could be a viable option for ...Current drugs against multiple human malignancies are limited,and developing new treatment strategies is improbable within a short time.So,considering the current situation,phytochemicals could be a viable option for developing chemotherapeutic agents for managing numerous types of malignancies.Therefore,we aimed to locate all phytochemicals of Eclipta prostrata and unravel their chemotherapeutic mechanisms and strategies individually.We defined 25 active compounds based on their anticancer activities after filtering through IMPPAT and literature search,and these compounds have chemotherapeutic activities against around 15 different human malignancies.In vitro and preclinical models support that the chemotherapeutic properties of phytochemicals derived from Eclipta prostrata are believed to be regulated by many pathways,including targeting signaling pathways,for example,phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),nuclear Factor-kappa B(NF-κB),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK);regulated cell death such as Fas cell surface death receptor(FAS),Bid,apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF),Bcl2,Bax,Bak,Bad,caspase,and Poly(ADPribose)Polymerase(PARP);metastasis and angiogenesis such as matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)(2&9),wingless/integrated(Wnt)/beta-catenin,angiogenesis(E-cCadherin&N-cadherin,vimentin),cell proliferation(cyclins-A,B1,D1,E1,and cyclindependent kinases(CDKs)1,2,4),inflammatory molecules(programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),TNF-α,NF-κB,Interleukin-1(IL-1),Interleukin-6(IL-6),Interleukin-8(IL-8),Interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)),regulating tumor suppressor genes(p21,p27,p38,p51,p53),microRNA(miRNA)regulation,and some nonspecific pathways like DNA fragmentation damage and repair,autophagy(light chain 3-II(LC3-II)and mTOR),and many other pathways.Some selective phytochemicals exert synergistic activities with standard chemotherapeutic drugs and reverse drug resistance through several mechanisms.Nano-based phytochemicals target numerous cancer cells,resulting in drug accumulation and improved drug efficacy,making phytochemicals more potent chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment.Additionally,an in-silico pharmacokinetics study reveals that phytoestrogen possesses suitable pharmacokinetic characteristics with minor toxicity in the human body.So,direct consumption of different parts of Eclipta prostrata or specific phytochemicals from this plant can be a potential candidate drug against human malignancies.展开更多
Abstract: Objective To study the constituents in the dried aerial parts of Eclipta prostrata. Methods The constituents wereisolated and purified by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by spectro...Abstract: Objective To study the constituents in the dried aerial parts of Eclipta prostrata. Methods The constituents wereisolated and purified by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (1D,2D NMR, UV, IR, and HRESI-TOF-MS) and chemical analyses. Results Eight compounds were isolated andidentified as 7-O-methylorobol-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3′-hydroxybiochanin A (2), echinocystic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), ecliptasaponin A (4), eclalbasaponin I (5), eclalbasaponin IV (6), echinocystic acid(7), and 3-oxo-16α-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (8). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound andcompound 3 is obtained from this genus for the first time.展开更多
Euphorbiaceae is a large family of dicotyledonous angiosperms with diverse genera including Euphorbia prostrata(E.prostrata).Current research has provided scientific evidence for traditional uses of E.prostrata agains...Euphorbiaceae is a large family of dicotyledonous angiosperms with diverse genera including Euphorbia prostrata(E.prostrata).Current research has provided scientific evidence for traditional uses of E.prostrata against diverse pathological conditions such as anti-hemorrhoidal,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,wound healing,antioxidant,antibacterial,leishmanicidal,antitumor activity,and so on.The phytochemical screening has revealed the presence of glycosides,phytosterols,flavonoids,polyphenols,tannins,and anthraquinones with chemical structures elucidation of their respective compounds.The uniqueness of such multifactorial compounds present in this species endorses it as the potent therapeutic or prophylactic choice for several fatal diseases.Although ethnomedical applications served as a significant citation for pharmacology,the molecular mechanism has not been reviewed yet.The present paper provides a comprehensive review of research outcomes,pharmacology,toxicology,and molecular signaling of phytochemicals of E.prostrata species as a reference for relevant researchers.The study of bioactive compounds in crude extracts and fractions,the demonstration of primary mechanisms of pharmacology,along with the addition of toxicity,and clinical trials,should be conceded in depth.This review underlines the E.prostrata species that can be a promising phytomedicine since we are committed to excavating more intensely into their pharmacological role.展开更多
为筛选大豆田中对常见杂草鳢肠和马瓟瓜防除效果好的除草剂,通过整株生物测定法测定24种常用除草剂(主要包括乙酰乳酸合成酶ALS类、原卟啉原氧化酶PPO抑制类、光合作用PSⅡ抑制类除草剂)茎叶喷雾处理对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的除草活性及对大豆...为筛选大豆田中对常见杂草鳢肠和马瓟瓜防除效果好的除草剂,通过整株生物测定法测定24种常用除草剂(主要包括乙酰乳酸合成酶ALS类、原卟啉原氧化酶PPO抑制类、光合作用PSⅡ抑制类除草剂)茎叶喷雾处理对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的除草活性及对大豆的安全性。结果表明:ALS抑制类除草剂在药后3、7 d对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的防除效果不佳,药后14 d有所提升,其中噻吩磺隆对2种杂草的鲜重抑制率达88.31%~94.61%。PPO抑制类除草剂苯嘧磺草胺、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈、氨唑草酮处理后对鳢肠的防除效果在药后3、7、14 d整体均表现为良好,其中70%苯嘧磺草胺水分散粒剂(WDG)26.25~78.75 g a.i./hm^(2)、480 g/L灭草松水剂(AS)540~1440 g a.i./hm^(2)、30%辛酰溴苯腈乳油(EC)168.75~405 g a.i./hm^(2)处理的鲜重抑制率均达100.00%,防除效果理想。PPO抑制类除草剂28%三氟羧草醚微乳剂(ME)225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)、10%乙羧氟草醚EC 60~90 g a.i./hm^(2)、250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS 225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)处理在施用后7、14 d,其对马瓟瓜的株数抑制率和鲜重抑制率达86.50%~100.00%;PSⅡ抑制类除草剂38%莠去津悬浮剂(SC)225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)和40%氰草津SC 150~300 g a.i./hm^(2)处理虽在药后3 d对马瓟瓜的防除效果较差,但药后7、14 d的株抑制率和鲜重抑制率达94.58%~100.00%。安全性试验结果表明,PPO抑制类苯嘧磺草胺、三氟羧草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟磺胺草醚和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈对大豆安全,但莠去津和氰草津对大豆会产生严重的药害。综上所述,PPO抑制类苯嘧磺草胺和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈可以作为防除大豆田鳢肠的候选药剂,PPO抑制类三氟羧草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟磺胺草醚可以作为马瓟瓜的候选防除药剂。展开更多
文摘Five triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Eclipta prostrata L.. On the basis of their chemical properties and spectral data, they were identified as eclalbasaponins II(1), I(2), III(3), 3-O-[b-D-glucopyranosyl(12)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-16a-ethoxy-olean-12-ene-28-oic acid-28-O-b-D-glu-copyranoside(4) and 3-O-[(2-O-sulfuryl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)(12)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-echinocystic acid-28-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(5). Compounds 4 and 5 are new compounds and named eclalbasaponins XI and XII, respectively. Compounds 1 and 5 induced morphological deformation of Pyricularia oryzae mycelia.
文摘Objective: To investigate the in vivo anti-salmonella activity and the safety of aqueous extract of Euphorbia prostratra(E. prostratra), a plant commonly used in Cameroon by traditional healers.Methods: A Salmonella typhimurium-infected rat model was used for the study. The physiological, biochemical and histopathological markers of possible side effects of this extract were studied using standard methods.Results: The extract had a significant effect on the number of viable Salmonella typhimurium recovered from faeces, and could stop salmonellosis after 8 and 10 days of treatment for male and female rats, respectively, with non-toxic doses. However, the biochemical and histopathological analyses revealed that at relatively high doses(≥ 73.48 mg/kg for female and ≥ 122.71 mg/kg for male) the extract could induce liver damage, as illustrated by a rise of serum transaminases' levels and significant inflammation of the parenchyma and portal vein.Side effects were also observed on the kidneys, as shown by both serum and urinary creatinine,and urinary proteins.Conclusions: The overall results indicate that the aqueous extract of E. prostrata has the potential to provide an effective treatment for salmonellosis, including typhoid fever. However,it is necessary to extrapolate these results in large animals, in further studies.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the anticancer activity of the methanolic extract of Cyathula prostrata in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC)-bearing mice with methotrexate as positive control in the advanced stage of tumorigenesis.Methods:EAC was induced in swiss albino mice by injecting10~6 cell/mL of tumor cell suspension intraperitoneal.The methanolic extract of Cyathula prostrata effect on the tumor cell viability,DNA fragmentation and MTT assay were carried out.Results:Methanolic extract attenuated percentage increased in the cell survival lime when compared to control group.However,the effect was less than that of methotrexat.Methotrexat and the extracts reversed the tumor-induced alterations in UNA fragmentation and MTT assay.Conclusions:The present study suggests that the methanol extract of Cyathula prostrata has significant anticancer activity and that is comparable to that of methotrexate.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81473116,81673319,81673670)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (Nos. 2016A030303011, 2016B030301004)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No. 2017A030313732)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No. 55350202)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No. cstc2013jcyjA10065)
文摘Four new ent-kaurane diterpenes with chiral epoxyangelate moieties, (2′R,3′R)-3 a- (2′,3′-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (1), (2′S,3′S)-3 a- (2′,3′-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (2), (2′S,3′R)-3 a- (2',3'-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (3) and (2′R,3′S)-3α- (2′,3'-epoxyangeloyloxy)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (4), along with eight known diterpenes (5-12), were isolated from Wedelia prostrata. The absolute configurations of the new structures were determined by X-ray crystallography,ECD calculations and chemical methods. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity activities on human HepG-2 cells,with IC_(50) values of 11.72 ±0.22 μmol/L to 54.75±1.12 μmol/L.
基金support from the Fund of The Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology,VNU University of Science(KLEPT:22.02).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effects of wedelolactone,a major flavonoid from Vietnamese Eclipta prostrata(L)L.,on inflammation and insulin resistance.Methods:Wedelolactone was extracted from the leaves of Vietnamese Eclipta prostrata(L.)L.with methanol by Soxhlet.The effects of wedelolactone on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced cytokine production,reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)oxidase activities in Raw 264.7 cells were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),specific immunofluorescent dyes and luminometric analysis,respectively.In addition,its effects on glucose uptake and the protein expression of insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)and glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)were examined in 3T3-L1 cells by immunofluorescent dyes and Western blot.Results:Wedelolactone at 30μg/mL significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-8(P<0.01)with no noticeable effects on IL-10 level.It also reduced ROS generation and NADPH oxidase activities in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells(P<0.01).Furthermore,wedelolactone showed anti-insulin resistance activity,as evidenced by improved glucose uptake and the upregulated expression of IRS1 and GLUT4 in 3T3-L1 cells(P<0.01).Conclusions:Wedelolactone exhibits anti-inflammation and anti-insulin resistance effects,which may be used for the treatment of diabetes and inflammation-associated diseases.
文摘Background:Euphorbia prostrata Ait.is an annual herb widely distributed in the southern region of China with great medical values on Anti-inflammation,insect repellent,treatment of diarrhea.Despite its extensive uses as a traditional Chinese medicine,no systematic research on the identification of E.prostrata has been reported.Methods:The study aimed to establish an accurate identification system for E.prostrata through traditional pharmacognostical methods,including botanical origin,morphological characters,medicinal material characters,microscopic characters,physicochemical parameters determination,phytochemical screening,and DNA barcoding analysis.Results:Physicochemical results show that this plant likely contains flavonoids,anthraquinones,and other substances.The ITS loci of the nuclear genome and psbA-trnH loci of the chloroplast genome were selected and evaluated,which were the most variable loci.Conclusion:The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of species identification,as well as provide references for authenticity identification,genetic relationship analysis,and further utilization of E.prostrata.
文摘Current drugs against multiple human malignancies are limited,and developing new treatment strategies is improbable within a short time.So,considering the current situation,phytochemicals could be a viable option for developing chemotherapeutic agents for managing numerous types of malignancies.Therefore,we aimed to locate all phytochemicals of Eclipta prostrata and unravel their chemotherapeutic mechanisms and strategies individually.We defined 25 active compounds based on their anticancer activities after filtering through IMPPAT and literature search,and these compounds have chemotherapeutic activities against around 15 different human malignancies.In vitro and preclinical models support that the chemotherapeutic properties of phytochemicals derived from Eclipta prostrata are believed to be regulated by many pathways,including targeting signaling pathways,for example,phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),nuclear Factor-kappa B(NF-κB),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK);regulated cell death such as Fas cell surface death receptor(FAS),Bid,apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF),Bcl2,Bax,Bak,Bad,caspase,and Poly(ADPribose)Polymerase(PARP);metastasis and angiogenesis such as matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)(2&9),wingless/integrated(Wnt)/beta-catenin,angiogenesis(E-cCadherin&N-cadherin,vimentin),cell proliferation(cyclins-A,B1,D1,E1,and cyclindependent kinases(CDKs)1,2,4),inflammatory molecules(programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),TNF-α,NF-κB,Interleukin-1(IL-1),Interleukin-6(IL-6),Interleukin-8(IL-8),Interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)),regulating tumor suppressor genes(p21,p27,p38,p51,p53),microRNA(miRNA)regulation,and some nonspecific pathways like DNA fragmentation damage and repair,autophagy(light chain 3-II(LC3-II)and mTOR),and many other pathways.Some selective phytochemicals exert synergistic activities with standard chemotherapeutic drugs and reverse drug resistance through several mechanisms.Nano-based phytochemicals target numerous cancer cells,resulting in drug accumulation and improved drug efficacy,making phytochemicals more potent chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment.Additionally,an in-silico pharmacokinetics study reveals that phytoestrogen possesses suitable pharmacokinetic characteristics with minor toxicity in the human body.So,direct consumption of different parts of Eclipta prostrata or specific phytochemicals from this plant can be a potential candidate drug against human malignancies.
基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-10-0958)Important Drug Development Fund,Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2011ZX09307-002-01)
文摘Abstract: Objective To study the constituents in the dried aerial parts of Eclipta prostrata. Methods The constituents wereisolated and purified by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (1D,2D NMR, UV, IR, and HRESI-TOF-MS) and chemical analyses. Results Eight compounds were isolated andidentified as 7-O-methylorobol-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3′-hydroxybiochanin A (2), echinocystic acid28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), ecliptasaponin A (4), eclalbasaponin I (5), eclalbasaponin IV (6), echinocystic acid(7), and 3-oxo-16α-hydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (8). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound andcompound 3 is obtained from this genus for the first time.
文摘Euphorbiaceae is a large family of dicotyledonous angiosperms with diverse genera including Euphorbia prostrata(E.prostrata).Current research has provided scientific evidence for traditional uses of E.prostrata against diverse pathological conditions such as anti-hemorrhoidal,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,wound healing,antioxidant,antibacterial,leishmanicidal,antitumor activity,and so on.The phytochemical screening has revealed the presence of glycosides,phytosterols,flavonoids,polyphenols,tannins,and anthraquinones with chemical structures elucidation of their respective compounds.The uniqueness of such multifactorial compounds present in this species endorses it as the potent therapeutic or prophylactic choice for several fatal diseases.Although ethnomedical applications served as a significant citation for pharmacology,the molecular mechanism has not been reviewed yet.The present paper provides a comprehensive review of research outcomes,pharmacology,toxicology,and molecular signaling of phytochemicals of E.prostrata species as a reference for relevant researchers.The study of bioactive compounds in crude extracts and fractions,the demonstration of primary mechanisms of pharmacology,along with the addition of toxicity,and clinical trials,should be conceded in depth.This review underlines the E.prostrata species that can be a promising phytomedicine since we are committed to excavating more intensely into their pharmacological role.
文摘为筛选大豆田中对常见杂草鳢肠和马瓟瓜防除效果好的除草剂,通过整株生物测定法测定24种常用除草剂(主要包括乙酰乳酸合成酶ALS类、原卟啉原氧化酶PPO抑制类、光合作用PSⅡ抑制类除草剂)茎叶喷雾处理对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的除草活性及对大豆的安全性。结果表明:ALS抑制类除草剂在药后3、7 d对鳢肠和马瓟瓜的防除效果不佳,药后14 d有所提升,其中噻吩磺隆对2种杂草的鲜重抑制率达88.31%~94.61%。PPO抑制类除草剂苯嘧磺草胺、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈、氨唑草酮处理后对鳢肠的防除效果在药后3、7、14 d整体均表现为良好,其中70%苯嘧磺草胺水分散粒剂(WDG)26.25~78.75 g a.i./hm^(2)、480 g/L灭草松水剂(AS)540~1440 g a.i./hm^(2)、30%辛酰溴苯腈乳油(EC)168.75~405 g a.i./hm^(2)处理的鲜重抑制率均达100.00%,防除效果理想。PPO抑制类除草剂28%三氟羧草醚微乳剂(ME)225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)、10%乙羧氟草醚EC 60~90 g a.i./hm^(2)、250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS 225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)处理在施用后7、14 d,其对马瓟瓜的株数抑制率和鲜重抑制率达86.50%~100.00%;PSⅡ抑制类除草剂38%莠去津悬浮剂(SC)225~450 g a.i./hm^(2)和40%氰草津SC 150~300 g a.i./hm^(2)处理虽在药后3 d对马瓟瓜的防除效果较差,但药后7、14 d的株抑制率和鲜重抑制率达94.58%~100.00%。安全性试验结果表明,PPO抑制类苯嘧磺草胺、三氟羧草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟磺胺草醚和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈对大豆安全,但莠去津和氰草津对大豆会产生严重的药害。综上所述,PPO抑制类苯嘧磺草胺和PSⅡ抑制类除草剂灭草松、辛酰溴苯腈可以作为防除大豆田鳢肠的候选药剂,PPO抑制类三氟羧草醚、乙羧氟草醚、氟磺胺草醚可以作为马瓟瓜的候选防除药剂。
