Gases have long been used for medical applications across the world. Medical oxygen, one of the most important medical gases, has been widely applied both in hospitals and at home. It is defined as a drug and its pipe...Gases have long been used for medical applications across the world. Medical oxygen, one of the most important medical gases, has been widely applied both in hospitals and at home. It is defined as a drug and its pipeline distribution systems are medical devices whose quality and management should conform to specific standards. In China, several deficiencies relating to the distribution and use of medical oxygen, which may lead to a number of fatal accidents like gas pipeline explosion and cause illicit product use, have been revealed in health facilities. They are the result of a lack of the relevant standards, management and practical experiences. To overcome these failures, it might be interesting to refer to the experience and regulations of other countries, for example, those of France.展开更多
This paper presents an overview of the safety performance of the major existing pipeline transmission system in Canada, USA and Europe. The article deals the experience of Georgia in the development of pipeline transp...This paper presents an overview of the safety performance of the major existing pipeline transmission system in Canada, USA and Europe. The article deals the experience of Georgia in the development of pipeline transport. The information on the distribution of catastrophic failures and incidents per individual cause is given. The role of corrosion in these failures is considered. To ensure efficient and reliable operations of oil and gas pipelines, the new compositions of competitive cost effective protective pipe enamel coatings have been developed.展开更多
When using topside choking to eliminate severe slugging in offshore pipeline-riser systems,the resulting stability and effectiveness depend critically on the choice of variables in the associated control model.In this...When using topside choking to eliminate severe slugging in offshore pipeline-riser systems,the resulting stability and effectiveness depend critically on the choice of variables in the associated control model.In this study,both potential process variables and manipulated variables are investigated via manual choking experiments.Monotonicity and linearity are adopted as principles for selecting the optimal variables,and the availability of signals in an offshore field is also considered.Both amplitude-domain and time-domain variables are studied,of which five are recommended as the process variable,while the resistance factor of the choking valve is the optimal manipulated variable;other variables may act as auxiliary variables in the control model.How to determine the set value of the process variable is also discussed.Validation experiments with automatic control show that the optimized variables enable faster stabilization.This study offers a reference for the design of slugging control for offshore fields.展开更多
文摘Gases have long been used for medical applications across the world. Medical oxygen, one of the most important medical gases, has been widely applied both in hospitals and at home. It is defined as a drug and its pipeline distribution systems are medical devices whose quality and management should conform to specific standards. In China, several deficiencies relating to the distribution and use of medical oxygen, which may lead to a number of fatal accidents like gas pipeline explosion and cause illicit product use, have been revealed in health facilities. They are the result of a lack of the relevant standards, management and practical experiences. To overcome these failures, it might be interesting to refer to the experience and regulations of other countries, for example, those of France.
文摘This paper presents an overview of the safety performance of the major existing pipeline transmission system in Canada, USA and Europe. The article deals the experience of Georgia in the development of pipeline transport. The information on the distribution of catastrophic failures and incidents per individual cause is given. The role of corrosion in these failures is considered. To ensure efficient and reliable operations of oil and gas pipelines, the new compositions of competitive cost effective protective pipe enamel coatings have been developed.
基金the financial support received from the China National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2022YFC2806202)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.xtr042024002).
文摘When using topside choking to eliminate severe slugging in offshore pipeline-riser systems,the resulting stability and effectiveness depend critically on the choice of variables in the associated control model.In this study,both potential process variables and manipulated variables are investigated via manual choking experiments.Monotonicity and linearity are adopted as principles for selecting the optimal variables,and the availability of signals in an offshore field is also considered.Both amplitude-domain and time-domain variables are studied,of which five are recommended as the process variable,while the resistance factor of the choking valve is the optimal manipulated variable;other variables may act as auxiliary variables in the control model.How to determine the set value of the process variable is also discussed.Validation experiments with automatic control show that the optimized variables enable faster stabilization.This study offers a reference for the design of slugging control for offshore fields.
