[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the compounding of three herbicides:clopyralid,picloram and benazolin,so as to improve the effectiveness of herbicides.[Methods]With Lapsana apogonoides Maxim.as the...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the compounding of three herbicides:clopyralid,picloram and benazolin,so as to improve the effectiveness of herbicides.[Methods]With Lapsana apogonoides Maxim.as the target and clopyralid,picloram and benazolin as the test agents,seven gradient concentrations were set up to determine the joint toxicity of the three agents.[Results]When the compounding ratio of picloram,clopyralid and benazolin was 2∶1∶6,the maximum co-toxicity coefficient was 290.0.[Conclusions]The compounding of picloram,clopyralid and benazolin has a significant synergistic effect on L.apogonoides,which reduces production costs and environmental pressure,providing technical support for the effective control of broad-leaved weeds such as L.apogonoides.展开更多
Cherry regeneration via somatic embryogenesis is a powerful tool to breeding. In this way, the embryogenic capacity of Prunus incisa specie has been tested from leaves under different interactions of picloram concentr...Cherry regeneration via somatic embryogenesis is a powerful tool to breeding. In this way, the embryogenic capacity of Prunus incisa specie has been tested from leaves under different interactions of picloram concentrations and darkness exposures. Induction culture was achieved on MS medium supplemented with picloram concentrations at 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg.L1 and submitted to 10, 20, 30 and 40 days of darkness. The best rate of embryogenic leaves was obtained with the interaction of 30 days darkness exposure＊ 1 mg.L^-1 picloram. According to their age, leaves were differently reacted to somatic embryogenesis; indeed, the 2nd expanded leaf from the apex was the most embryogenic one. Concerning the effect of additional auxin to picloram （1 mg·L^-1）, IAA at 0.1 mg·L^-1 and IBA at 0.1 mg·L^-1 gave significantly higher induction rates than all other concentrations, but regenerating somatic embryos showed some teratological abnormalities probably due to seconda;y embryogenesis. At the opposite, NAA at 0.5 mg·L^-1 didn＇t improve embryogenic rate but affected positively embryo development. Furthermore, embryogenesis preferentially took place on the basal part of leaf. Satisfactory rates of somatic embryogenesis are obtained but further improvement remains possible.展开更多
益霖薇净(24%氨氯吡啶酸水剂)、紫薇清(16%2,4-D-8%二氯吡啶酸水剂)和0.2%高效氯氰菊酯是农林业生产中常用的农药,但其对水生生物安全性仍不清楚。以国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物唐鱼(Tanichthys albonubes)为研究对象,采用静态试验法测定三种...益霖薇净(24%氨氯吡啶酸水剂)、紫薇清(16%2,4-D-8%二氯吡啶酸水剂)和0.2%高效氯氰菊酯是农林业生产中常用的农药,但其对水生生物安全性仍不清楚。以国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物唐鱼(Tanichthys albonubes)为研究对象,采用静态试验法测定三种农药对唐鱼的急性半致死浓度(LC50),通过分析三种农药对唐鱼内脏团组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活力以及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响,发现益霖薇净、紫薇清和0.2%高效氯氰菊酯对唐鱼96 h LC50分别为271.70 mg·L^(-1)、1022.77 mg·L^(-1)和63.37 mg·L^(-1)。0.2%高效氯氰菊酯对唐鱼的急性毒性最强,其次为益霖薇净和紫薇清,且这三种农药的毒性等级均为低毒性。氧化应激指标结果显示:较低浓度下,3种农药在暴露前期诱导唐鱼内脏团SOD活性升高,在暴露后期表现为SOD活性抑制或恢复到正常水平。益霖薇净在暴露前期唐鱼内脏团CAT活性升高,在暴露后期呈现低浓度促进、高浓度抑制。紫薇清和0.2%高效氯氰菊酯表现为24 h CAT活性受到抑制,之后活性升高。此外,三种农药可能引起唐鱼内脏团MDA含量升高,对唐鱼造成氧化损伤。该研究结果为农药的生态风险评估和环境安全管理提供了理论依据。展开更多
基金Double First-class Applied Characteristic Disciplines in Hunan Province(Plant protection)Excellent Agriculture and Forestry Talent Cultivation Project of Hunan Institute of Humanities,Science and TechnologyNew Agricultural Science Research and Reform Practice Project in Hunan Province(XJT[2020]94).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the compounding of three herbicides:clopyralid,picloram and benazolin,so as to improve the effectiveness of herbicides.[Methods]With Lapsana apogonoides Maxim.as the target and clopyralid,picloram and benazolin as the test agents,seven gradient concentrations were set up to determine the joint toxicity of the three agents.[Results]When the compounding ratio of picloram,clopyralid and benazolin was 2∶1∶6,the maximum co-toxicity coefficient was 290.0.[Conclusions]The compounding of picloram,clopyralid and benazolin has a significant synergistic effect on L.apogonoides,which reduces production costs and environmental pressure,providing technical support for the effective control of broad-leaved weeds such as L.apogonoides.
文摘Cherry regeneration via somatic embryogenesis is a powerful tool to breeding. In this way, the embryogenic capacity of Prunus incisa specie has been tested from leaves under different interactions of picloram concentrations and darkness exposures. Induction culture was achieved on MS medium supplemented with picloram concentrations at 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg.L1 and submitted to 10, 20, 30 and 40 days of darkness. The best rate of embryogenic leaves was obtained with the interaction of 30 days darkness exposure＊ 1 mg.L^-1 picloram. According to their age, leaves were differently reacted to somatic embryogenesis; indeed, the 2nd expanded leaf from the apex was the most embryogenic one. Concerning the effect of additional auxin to picloram （1 mg·L^-1）, IAA at 0.1 mg·L^-1 and IBA at 0.1 mg·L^-1 gave significantly higher induction rates than all other concentrations, but regenerating somatic embryos showed some teratological abnormalities probably due to seconda;y embryogenesis. At the opposite, NAA at 0.5 mg·L^-1 didn＇t improve embryogenic rate but affected positively embryo development. Furthermore, embryogenesis preferentially took place on the basal part of leaf. Satisfactory rates of somatic embryogenesis are obtained but further improvement remains possible.
文摘益霖薇净(24%氨氯吡啶酸水剂)、紫薇清(16%2,4-D-8%二氯吡啶酸水剂)和0.2%高效氯氰菊酯是农林业生产中常用的农药,但其对水生生物安全性仍不清楚。以国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物唐鱼(Tanichthys albonubes)为研究对象,采用静态试验法测定三种农药对唐鱼的急性半致死浓度(LC50),通过分析三种农药对唐鱼内脏团组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活力以及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响,发现益霖薇净、紫薇清和0.2%高效氯氰菊酯对唐鱼96 h LC50分别为271.70 mg·L^(-1)、1022.77 mg·L^(-1)和63.37 mg·L^(-1)。0.2%高效氯氰菊酯对唐鱼的急性毒性最强,其次为益霖薇净和紫薇清,且这三种农药的毒性等级均为低毒性。氧化应激指标结果显示:较低浓度下,3种农药在暴露前期诱导唐鱼内脏团SOD活性升高,在暴露后期表现为SOD活性抑制或恢复到正常水平。益霖薇净在暴露前期唐鱼内脏团CAT活性升高,在暴露后期呈现低浓度促进、高浓度抑制。紫薇清和0.2%高效氯氰菊酯表现为24 h CAT活性受到抑制,之后活性升高。此外,三种农药可能引起唐鱼内脏团MDA含量升高,对唐鱼造成氧化损伤。该研究结果为农药的生态风险评估和环境安全管理提供了理论依据。
