Developing chemically complex intermetallic alloys(CCIMAs)is considered an effective strategy for overcoming the serious brittleness of conventional intermetallic alloys,especially under a high stress level.However,mo...Developing chemically complex intermetallic alloys(CCIMAs)is considered an effective strategy for overcoming the serious brittleness of conventional intermetallic alloys,especially under a high stress level.However,most CCIMAs still struggle to achieve yield strengths exceeding gigapascals,limiting their use as reliable structural materials in many engineering fields.展开更多
Grain boundaries(GBs)play a significant role in the deformation behaviors of nanocrystalline ceramics.Here,we investigate the compression behaviors of nanocrystalline boron carbide(nB_(4)C)with varying grain sizes usi...Grain boundaries(GBs)play a significant role in the deformation behaviors of nanocrystalline ceramics.Here,we investigate the compression behaviors of nanocrystalline boron carbide(nB_(4)C)with varying grain sizes using molecular dynamics simulations with a machine-learning force field.The results reveal quasi-plastic deformation mechanisms in nB_(4)C:GB sliding,intergranular amorphization and intragranular amorphization.GB sliding arises from the presence of soft GBs,leading to intergranular amorphization.Intragranular amorphization arises from the interaction between grains with unfavorable orientations and the softened amorphous GBs,and finally causes structural failure.Furthermore,nB_(4)C models with varying grain sizes from 4.07 nm to 10.86 nm display an inverse Hall-Petch relationship due to the GB sliding mechanism.A higher strain rate in nB_(4)C often leads to a higher yield strength,following a 2/3 power relationship.These deformation mechanisms are critical for the design of ceramics with superior mechanical properties.展开更多
The effects of T4,T5,and T6 treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-4.3Gd-3.2Y-1.2Zn-0.5Zr(wt.%)alloy with a relatively low RE content(7.5 wt.%)were investigated.T4 treatment at 45...The effects of T4,T5,and T6 treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-4.3Gd-3.2Y-1.2Zn-0.5Zr(wt.%)alloy with a relatively low RE content(7.5 wt.%)were investigated.T4 treatment at 450–500°C induces a gradual grain growth ofα-Mg but an obvious transition of texture component from<0001>⊥ED to<0001>∥ED.Interdendritic LPSO phases are highly stable against annealing while intragranular ones experience dissolution and re-precipitation.After peak-ageing at 200°C,the elongation of as-extruded and T4 samples is just slightly reduced or even increased due to the weak ageing hardening response.T5 sample exhibits an attractive combination of strength and ductility,with a tensile yield strength(TYS)of 303 MPa and elongation of 20.0%.The Hall–Petch relation for the alloys with or without ageing treatment has been estimated.Grain boundary strengthening rather than precipitation strengthening has the dominant contribution to TYS,and a modified equation is developed to predict grain boundary strengthening values for Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloys which contain different Schmid factors for basal slip.展开更多
Grain refinement could effectively enhance yield strength of Mg alloys according to the well-known Hall-Petch theory. For decades, many studies have been devoted to the factors influencing the Hall- Petch slope （k） ...Grain refinement could effectively enhance yield strength of Mg alloys according to the well-known Hall-Petch theory. For decades, many studies have been devoted to the factors influencing the Hall- Petch slope （k） in Mg alloys. Understanding the factors influencing k and their mechanisms could offer guidance to design and produce high-strength Mg alloys through effective grain refinement hardening. A review and comments of the past work on the factors influencing k in Mg alloys are presented. Results of these previous investigations demonstrate that the value of k in Mg alloys varies with texture, grain size, temperature and stain. The influence of texture and grain size on k is found to be an essential result of the variation of deformation mode on k value. Without the variation of deformation modes, it is revealed that texture could also impose a significant effect on k and this is also summarized and discussed in this paper. The reason for texture effect on k is analyzed based on the mechanism of Hall-Petch relationship. In addition, it is found in face-centered cubic （fcc） or body-centered cubic （bcc） metals that boundary parameters （boundary coherence, boundary energy and boundary diffusivity） could strengthen twinning or slips to a different extent. Therefore, the role of boundary parameters is also extended into the k values in Mg alloys and discussed in this paper. In the end, we discuss the future research perspective of Hall-Petch relationship in Mg alloys.展开更多
Based on the available experimental and compu- tational capabilities, a phenomenological approach has been proposed to formulate a hypersurface in both spatial and temporal domains to predict combined specimen size an...Based on the available experimental and compu- tational capabilities, a phenomenological approach has been proposed to formulate a hypersurface in both spatial and temporal domains to predict combined specimen size and load- ing rate effects on the material properties [ 1-2]. A systematic investigation is being performed to understand the combined size, rate and thermal effects on the properties and deformation patterns of representative materials with different nanos- tructures and under various types of loading conditions [3- 16]. The recent study on the single crystal copper response to impact loading has revealed the size-dependence of the Hugoniot curve. In this paper, the ＂inverse Hall-Petch＂ behavior as observed in the impact response of single crystal copper, which has not been reported in the open literature, is investigated by performing molecular dynamics simulations of the response of copper nanobeam targets subjected to impacts by copper nanobeam flyers with different impact velocities. It appears from the preliminary results that the ＂inverse Hall-Petch＂ behavior in single crystal copper is mainly due to the formation and evolution of disordered atoms and the interaction between ordered and disordered atoms, as compared with the physics behind the ＂inverse Hall-Petch＂behavior as observed in nanocrystalline materials展开更多
The influence of temperature on the inverse Hall-Petch effect in nanocrystalline （NC） materials is investigated using phase field crystal simulation method. Simulated results indicate that the inverse Hall-Petch eff...The influence of temperature on the inverse Hall-Petch effect in nanocrystalline （NC） materials is investigated using phase field crystal simulation method. Simulated results indicate that the inverse Hall-Petch effect in NC materials becomes weakened at low temperature. The results also show that the change in microscopic deformation mechanism with temperature variation is the main reason for the weakening of the inverse Hall-Petch effect. At elevated temperature, grain rotation and grain boundary （GB） migration seriously reduce the yield stress so that the NC materials exhibit the inverse Hall-Petch effect. However, at low temperature, both grain rotation and GB migration occur with great difficulty, instead, the dislocations nucleated from the cusp of serrated GBs become active. The lack of grain rotation and GB migration during deformation is mainly responsible for the weakening of the inverse Hall-Petch effect. Furthermore, it is found that since small grain size is favorable for GB migration, the degree of weakening decreases with decreasing average grain size at low temperature.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222112,52101151 and 52101135)Hong Kong Research Grant Council(RGC)(No.C1020-21G)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.RCBS20210609103202012)APT research was conducted at the Inter-University 3D APT Unit of City University of Hong Kong(CityU),which is supported by the CityU grant 9360161
文摘Developing chemically complex intermetallic alloys(CCIMAs)is considered an effective strategy for overcoming the serious brittleness of conventional intermetallic alloys,especially under a high stress level.However,most CCIMAs still struggle to achieve yield strengths exceeding gigapascals,limiting their use as reliable structural materials in many engineering fields.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11972267)。
文摘Grain boundaries(GBs)play a significant role in the deformation behaviors of nanocrystalline ceramics.Here,we investigate the compression behaviors of nanocrystalline boron carbide(nB_(4)C)with varying grain sizes using molecular dynamics simulations with a machine-learning force field.The results reveal quasi-plastic deformation mechanisms in nB_(4)C:GB sliding,intergranular amorphization and intragranular amorphization.GB sliding arises from the presence of soft GBs,leading to intergranular amorphization.Intragranular amorphization arises from the interaction between grains with unfavorable orientations and the softened amorphous GBs,and finally causes structural failure.Furthermore,nB_(4)C models with varying grain sizes from 4.07 nm to 10.86 nm display an inverse Hall-Petch relationship due to the GB sliding mechanism.A higher strain rate in nB_(4)C often leads to a higher yield strength,following a 2/3 power relationship.These deformation mechanisms are critical for the design of ceramics with superior mechanical properties.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51904036 and 51874049)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.2020JJ5600 and 2018JJ2365)+1 种基金the Hunan Education Department Outstanding Youth Project of China(No.17B069)the Scientific Research Project of Hunan Education Department(No.20C0088).
文摘The effects of T4,T5,and T6 treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-4.3Gd-3.2Y-1.2Zn-0.5Zr(wt.%)alloy with a relatively low RE content(7.5 wt.%)were investigated.T4 treatment at 450–500°C induces a gradual grain growth ofα-Mg but an obvious transition of texture component from<0001>⊥ED to<0001>∥ED.Interdendritic LPSO phases are highly stable against annealing while intragranular ones experience dissolution and re-precipitation.After peak-ageing at 200°C,the elongation of as-extruded and T4 samples is just slightly reduced or even increased due to the weak ageing hardening response.T5 sample exhibits an attractive combination of strength and ductility,with a tensile yield strength(TYS)of 303 MPa and elongation of 20.0%.The Hall–Petch relation for the alloys with or without ageing treatment has been estimated.Grain boundary strengthening rather than precipitation strengthening has the dominant contribution to TYS,and a modified equation is developed to predict grain boundary strengthening values for Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloys which contain different Schmid factors for basal slip.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51571041, 51421001 and 51401190)
文摘Grain refinement could effectively enhance yield strength of Mg alloys according to the well-known Hall-Petch theory. For decades, many studies have been devoted to the factors influencing the Hall- Petch slope （k） in Mg alloys. Understanding the factors influencing k and their mechanisms could offer guidance to design and produce high-strength Mg alloys through effective grain refinement hardening. A review and comments of the past work on the factors influencing k in Mg alloys are presented. Results of these previous investigations demonstrate that the value of k in Mg alloys varies with texture, grain size, temperature and stain. The influence of texture and grain size on k is found to be an essential result of the variation of deformation mode on k value. Without the variation of deformation modes, it is revealed that texture could also impose a significant effect on k and this is also summarized and discussed in this paper. The reason for texture effect on k is analyzed based on the mechanism of Hall-Petch relationship. In addition, it is found in face-centered cubic （fcc） or body-centered cubic （bcc） metals that boundary parameters （boundary coherence, boundary energy and boundary diffusivity） could strengthen twinning or slips to a different extent. Therefore, the role of boundary parameters is also extended into the k values in Mg alloys and discussed in this paper. In the end, we discuss the future research perspective of Hall-Petch relationship in Mg alloys.
基金supported in part by the U.S.Defense Threat Reduction Agency(HDTRA1-10-1-0022)the National Key Basic Research Special Foundation of China(2010CB832704)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10721062)the 111 Joint Program by the Chinese Ministry of EducationState Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs(B08014)
文摘Based on the available experimental and compu- tational capabilities, a phenomenological approach has been proposed to formulate a hypersurface in both spatial and temporal domains to predict combined specimen size and load- ing rate effects on the material properties [ 1-2]. A systematic investigation is being performed to understand the combined size, rate and thermal effects on the properties and deformation patterns of representative materials with different nanos- tructures and under various types of loading conditions [3- 16]. The recent study on the single crystal copper response to impact loading has revealed the size-dependence of the Hugoniot curve. In this paper, the ＂inverse Hall-Petch＂ behavior as observed in the impact response of single crystal copper, which has not been reported in the open literature, is investigated by performing molecular dynamics simulations of the response of copper nanobeam targets subjected to impacts by copper nanobeam flyers with different impact velocities. It appears from the preliminary results that the ＂inverse Hall-Petch＂ behavior in single crystal copper is mainly due to the formation and evolution of disordered atoms and the interaction between ordered and disordered atoms, as compared with the physics behind the ＂inverse Hall-Petch＂behavior as observed in nanocrystalline materials
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51174168 and 51274167)Northwestern Polytechnical University Foundation for Fundamental Research(No.NPU-FFR-JC20120222)
文摘The influence of temperature on the inverse Hall-Petch effect in nanocrystalline （NC） materials is investigated using phase field crystal simulation method. Simulated results indicate that the inverse Hall-Petch effect in NC materials becomes weakened at low temperature. The results also show that the change in microscopic deformation mechanism with temperature variation is the main reason for the weakening of the inverse Hall-Petch effect. At elevated temperature, grain rotation and grain boundary （GB） migration seriously reduce the yield stress so that the NC materials exhibit the inverse Hall-Petch effect. However, at low temperature, both grain rotation and GB migration occur with great difficulty, instead, the dislocations nucleated from the cusp of serrated GBs become active. The lack of grain rotation and GB migration during deformation is mainly responsible for the weakening of the inverse Hall-Petch effect. Furthermore, it is found that since small grain size is favorable for GB migration, the degree of weakening decreases with decreasing average grain size at low temperature.
