Treatment of peat soil foundation in Yunnan surrounding Dianchi and Erhai Lakes poses complex problems for engineering projects.It is insufficient to rely on ordinary cement to reinforce peat soil.In order to make the...Treatment of peat soil foundation in Yunnan surrounding Dianchi and Erhai Lakes poses complex problems for engineering projects.It is insufficient to rely on ordinary cement to reinforce peat soil.In order to make the reinforcement reliable,this experiment mixed(ultrafine cement)UFC into ordinary cement to form a composite solidify agent.This study aimed to analyze the influence of UFC proportion on the strength of cement-soil in the peat soil environment.Unconfined compressive strength(UCS)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)tests were conducted on samples soaked for 28 and 90 days,respectively.The test results show that without considering the effects of Humic Acid(HA)and Fulvic Acid(FA),incorporating UFC can significantly improve the UCS of cement-soil.The rapid hydration of the fine particles generates a large number of cementitious products,improves the cohesion of the soil skeleton,and fills the pores.However,when the proportion of UFC increases,the aggregate structure formed by a larger quantity of fine particles reduces the hydration rate and degree of cement hydration,making the UCS growth rate of cement-soil insignificant.In the peat soil environment,HA significantly weakened the UCS of cement-soil in both physical and chemical aspects.However,UFC can mitigate the adverse effect of HA on cement-soil by its small particle size,high surface energy,and solid binding ability.In addition,FA has a positive effect on the UCS of cement-soil soaked for 28 days and 90 days.The UFC addition could promote the enhancement effect of FA on cement-soil UCS.SEM test results showed that cement hydration products increased significantly with the increase of UFC proportion,and cementation between hydration products and soil particles was enhanced.The size and connectivity of cement-soil pores were significantly reduced,thereby improving cement-soil structural integrity.展开更多
The study aims to investigate uranium species in the sediments of the natural-technogenic system within a sludge storage facility in Russia.The relevance of this work is underscored by the need to assess the geochemic...The study aims to investigate uranium species in the sediments of the natural-technogenic system within a sludge storage facility in Russia.The relevance of this work is underscored by the need to assess the geochemical mobility of radionuclides,a critical factor for predicting their migration and environmental impact.The objective of the research was to determine the uranium species in both peat and sedimentary rock samples of the sludge storage facility and the adjacent area.Laboratory analyses included XRD,XRF analysis using synchrotron radiation,and scanning electron microscopy to study the composition and properties of minerals.The uranium species were further identified using a modified Tessier sequential extraction method.The results revealed that uranium predominantly occurs in a stable silicate-bound form(up to 80%)in sedimentary rocks,indicating minimal geochemical mobility.In contrast,in peat deposits,uranium is primarily associated with manganese and iron oxides(30–60%)as well as organic matter(5–40%),with the most mobile forms constituting less than 5%.The decrease in uranium concentration with distance from the facility was attributed to sorption onto organic matter and co-precipitation with mineral compounds,manganese and iron oxides,which serve as effective natural sorbents.The findings highlight the critical role of organic matter and metal oxides in limiting uranium migration,thus identifying them as key components in the formation of natural barriers for radionuclides.These results are crucial for assessing environmental risks associated with radioactive waste management and for developing strategies to minimize the ecological impact of sludge storages.展开更多
Peat soil is a loose,moisture-rich organic matter accumulation formed by the deposition of plants in swamps and lakes after their death.It is characterized by high moisture content,large void ratio,high compressibilit...Peat soil is a loose,moisture-rich organic matter accumulation formed by the deposition of plants in swamps and lakes after their death.It is characterized by high moisture content,large void ratio,high compressibility,and strong rheological properties.These characteristics result in a complex consolidation process.A systematic understanding of the consolidation mechanism of peat soil is essential for elucidating its consolidation behavior.Previous studies have failed to provide consistent information on the microscopic morphology of peat soil.Moreover,quantitative studies on pore structure changes during peat soil consolidation remain lacking.To resolve these research gaps,the microscopic morphology and pore types of peat,highly organic peaty soil,and medium organic peaty soil from certain regions of Yunnan province,China,were observed and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Additionally,quantitative research on pore structure changes during peat soil consolidation was conducted.The results show that the humic acid in peat soil of Yunnan province has no pores,and there is no pore between humic acid and clay minerals.There are three typical pore structures,and the three typical pores were quantitatively analyzed.During consolidation,the consolidation deformation of peat soil is primarily caused by the internal pore compression of plant residues and pores between plant residues.At the same time,the revelation of the differentiated influence mechanism of load levels on the compression of inter/intra-plant residue pores.The decrease in the proportion of pores between plant residues first increased and then decreased with an increase in load,reaching a peak between 100-200 kPa.The decrease in pores inside the plant residues increased with an increasing load.Additionally,pore compression between the plant residues under different load levels primarily caused the compression deformation of Dali peat during the primary consolidation stage.By contrast,the pore compression inside the plant residues primarily caused the compression deformation during the secondary consolidation stage.展开更多
Tropical peat comprises decomposed dead plant material and acts like a sponge to absorb water,making it fully saturated.However,drought periods dry it readily and increases its vulnerability to fire.Peat fires emit gr...Tropical peat comprises decomposed dead plant material and acts like a sponge to absorb water,making it fully saturated.However,drought periods dry it readily and increases its vulnerability to fire.Peat fires emit greenhouse gases and particles contributing to haze,and prevention by constructing fire-break canals to reduce fire spread into forest reserves is crucial.This paper aims to determine peat physical and chemical properties near a fire-break canal at different fire frequency areas.Peat sampling was conducted at two forest reserves in Malaysia which represent low fire frequency and high fire frequency areas.The results show that peat properties were not affected by the construction of a fire-break canal,however lignin and cellulose content increased significantly from the distance of the canal in both areas.The study concluded that fire frequency did not significantly influence peat properties except for porosity.The higher fibre content in the high frequency area did not influence moisture content nor the ability to regain moisture.Thus,fire frequency might contribute differently to changes in physical and chemical properties,hence management efforts to construct fire-break canals and restoration efforts should protect peatlands from further degradation.These findings will benefit future management and planning for forest reserves.展开更多
Coal-type source rocks include both coal and terrigenous marine source rocks.By studying the distribution of secondary depressions,uplifts,as well as the characteristics of peat formation and accumulation in the north...Coal-type source rocks include both coal and terrigenous marine source rocks.By studying the distribution of secondary depressions,uplifts,as well as the characteristics of peat formation and accumulation in the northern marginal sea basin of the South China Sea,and combining them with coal formation characteristics observed in other basins,five genetic theories on the relationship between peat accumulation and dispersed organic matter accumulation are proposed.The northern marginal sea basin of the South China Sea is characterized by“disadvantageous coals formation and favorable terrigenous marine source rocks formation.”This paper provides a distribution map of coal seams and terrigenous marine source rocks in the Qiongdongnan Basin and determines their distribution patterns.Research shows that the migration of sedimentary facies in the basins and inner depressions led to the formation and migration of the peat accumulation centers.In addition,the vertical migration of the peat accumulation centers led to planar migration,which is actually a type of coupling relationship.Previous research results have revealed that the formation of coal-type source rock is multi-phased.The marginal sea basin is composed of several fault-depression basins,with each basin developing a second order of depression and uplift.There is no unified basin center or depositional center to be found.As a result,the concentration centers of coal-forming materials also vary greatly.Based on the distribution characteristics of coal-type source rocks in different basins within the marginal sea basins of the South China Sea,the research results have practical significance and provide guidance for exploring coal-type oil and gas reservoirs in this area.展开更多
The main soil type, principle contributor of nutrients and available agricultural land in the Hula Valley is the organic Peat. Nevertheless, the relative contribution of Phosphorus from the Hula Valley to the Lake Kin...The main soil type, principle contributor of nutrients and available agricultural land in the Hula Valley is the organic Peat. Nevertheless, the relative contribution of Phosphorus from the Hula Valley to the Lake Kinneret inputs is lower than regional outsourcing. The Nitrogenic matter, mostly Nitrate migration from the Peat soil is significant. The implementation of efficient development is the key factor of Hula Land use. The financial beneficial success of the Hula land use is therefore dependent of Peat soil properties. The porosity of the Peat Soil is high and preferential pathway volume is low and Hydraulic Conductivity is therefore low. Consequently, the Mobile Spray Irrigation line was found as most suitable for cultivation in Peat Soil. Enhancement of Summer irrigation creating moisture elevation reduces Phosphorus migration from Peat Soil and is therefore recommended and recently implemented.展开更多
Peatlands are unique and complex natural ecosystems that are part of the most important carbon reservoirs on our planet, home to a diversity of microorganisms responsible for fermentation, humification or peat. The ai...Peatlands are unique and complex natural ecosystems that are part of the most important carbon reservoirs on our planet, home to a diversity of microorganisms responsible for fermentation, humification or peat. The aim is to understand chemical and biological indicators of peatland soils. This work aims to determine the physicochemical and bacteriological profile and lipolytic activity of soil bacteria in Bilanko peatlands. The bacterial profile with the production of lipases is carried out by classical microbiology techniques. The results show that the soils are moderately acidic with temperatures of 27.8˚C ± 0.01˚C for Bilanko and 27.1˚C ± 0.57˚C for Ngamakala. The electroconductivity (EC) varies from (9.52 ± 0.002) μS/cm to (39.01 ± 1.4) μS/cm with low turbidity of (2.04 ± 0.66) mg/L to (31.02 ± 0.84) mg/L and low ion concentrations with, however, a richness in phenolic compounds for Bilanko compared to Ngamakala. FMAT diversity ranged from (1.71 ± 0.88)∙104 UFC/g to (2.92 ± 0.07)∙105 UFC/g for Bilanko and (1.30 ± 0.73)∙104 UFC/g to (2.89 ± 0.06)∙104 UFC/g for Ngamakala. Bacillus loads ranged from (5.20 ± 1.40)∙103 CFU/g to (1.22 ± 0.13)∙104 CFU/g and from (1.11 ± 0.13)∙104 CFU/g to (9.20 ± 2.05)∙103 CFU/g;enterobacteria loads from (1.40 ± 0.76)∙103 CFU/g to (8.80 ± 1.73)∙103 CFU/g and from (1.01 ± 0.02)∙103 CFU/g to (9.20 ± 2.05)∙103 CFU/g;in Pseudomonas from 0 to (2.30 ± 0.53)∙102 CFU/g and from 0 to (8.90 ± 2.35)∙102 CFU/g for Bilanko and Ngamakala respectively. These results reveal a variation in bacterial similarity and distribution in the Bilanko and Ngamakala peat bogs.展开更多
Plenty of high-resolution paleoclimate investigations of the last thousand years were carried out to potentially predict future climate changes.Mountainous ombrotrophic peatland is one of the best recorders for high-r...Plenty of high-resolution paleoclimate investigations of the last thousand years were carried out to potentially predict future climate changes.Mountainous ombrotrophic peatland is one of the best recorders for high-resolution paleoclimate studies in the forest area.Grain size analysis was carried out on ombrotrophic peat profile in the eastern mountainous region of Jilin Province,Northeast China.The peat profile lasts the past 2000 a by four radiocarbon(AMS14C)ages.The results showed that the inorganic minerals in the peat profile are mainly silt,with some contribution from clay and a minor amount of sand,which are mainly due to wind dust and suspended transportation.Two paleoclimate stages are found in this peat profile by phytolith analysis,peat cellulose isotope research and historical documents:ca.45–1550 AD,relatively cold period;ca.1550 AD–present,relatively warm period.This finding is important for the initial study of paleoclimatic changes over the last 2000 a in the mountainous area of eastern mountainous area,Jilin Province,Northeast China.展开更多
A participatory action research was conducted in 2022,with the“Establishment of Demonstration Site for Peatland Conservation through Integrated Management and Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTF...A participatory action research was conducted in 2022,with the“Establishment of Demonstration Site for Peatland Conservation through Integrated Management and Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs)”to give recommendation on the development of guidelines on Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs)and peatland conservation.According to the peat soil assessment,it was found that peat soil content was very low and top soil was thin under the mangrove forest,and Payena paralleloneura-Kan Zaw bearing forest in March 2022.Organic material might be pressed by trespasser to collect Kan Zaw seed,to conduct horticulture and mining near the Kan Zaw bearing forest,or organic material might be damaged by burning with controlled fire in the previous years,under Kan Zaw trees to collect seeds.Organic material might have been carried to the downwards with running water due to the heavy rainfall,with 4,700 mm/year.Mangrove forest and Kan Zaw bearing evergreen forest can be assumed as“the major source of coastal peatland formation,with peat deposits eroded seawards”.It is assumed that the organic material will accumulate on top of the sands and it will lead to the formation of the peatland at coastal zone.It can be assumed that the accumulation of organic material found in mangrove forest and evergreen forests will promote the soil carbon storage,if we can adopt the ASEAN Policy on Zero Burning,which reflect ASEAN's commitment to controlling fires and haze,offering techniques,benefits,requirements,and challenges for implementing zero burning practices[1].Sustainable utilization of NTFP including peat and Kan Zaw-Payena paralleloneura Kurz seed was studied at demonstration sites,and it is recommended to make a trial on silvicultural system at mangrove forest and apply suitable silvicultural system such as Clear-Felling(in blocks or in alternate strips)system,Selection System,and Shelter Wood System to ensure the sustainable utilization of NTFP from mangrove forest[2].Gap planting and assisted natural regeneration are also recommended for mangrove forest and Kan Zaw-bearing forest.展开更多
The experiment was conducted at the Ganqika Sandy Land Ecological Station in Ke抏rqinzuoyihouqi County, Inner Mongolia, in a growing season from April 28 to October 28, 2001. Peat and weathered coal were added to the ...The experiment was conducted at the Ganqika Sandy Land Ecological Station in Ke抏rqinzuoyihouqi County, Inner Mongolia, in a growing season from April 28 to October 28, 2001. Peat and weathered coal were added to the aeolian sandy soil in different ratios. Two-year-old Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings and plastic pots were used in the experiment. The experimental results indicated that: 1) the peat and weathered coal could significantly improve the physical and chemical prop-erties of aeolian sandy soil, and thus promoted the growth of seedlings; 2) the effect of peat on seedling growth, including height, base diameter, root length and biomass, presented an order of 8%>10%>5%>2%>0 in terms of peat contents, and the effect of weathered coal on seedling growth presented an order of 5%>8%>10%>2%>0 in terms of weathered coal contents for height and basal diameter, 5%>8%>2% >10%>0 for root length, and 5%>2%>8% >10%>0 for biomass; 3) the effects of peat were generally greater than that of weathered coal. Meanwhile, 8% peat was the best treatment to promote the growth of P. sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41967035)。
文摘Treatment of peat soil foundation in Yunnan surrounding Dianchi and Erhai Lakes poses complex problems for engineering projects.It is insufficient to rely on ordinary cement to reinforce peat soil.In order to make the reinforcement reliable,this experiment mixed(ultrafine cement)UFC into ordinary cement to form a composite solidify agent.This study aimed to analyze the influence of UFC proportion on the strength of cement-soil in the peat soil environment.Unconfined compressive strength(UCS)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)tests were conducted on samples soaked for 28 and 90 days,respectively.The test results show that without considering the effects of Humic Acid(HA)and Fulvic Acid(FA),incorporating UFC can significantly improve the UCS of cement-soil.The rapid hydration of the fine particles generates a large number of cementitious products,improves the cohesion of the soil skeleton,and fills the pores.However,when the proportion of UFC increases,the aggregate structure formed by a larger quantity of fine particles reduces the hydration rate and degree of cement hydration,making the UCS growth rate of cement-soil insignificant.In the peat soil environment,HA significantly weakened the UCS of cement-soil in both physical and chemical aspects.However,UFC can mitigate the adverse effect of HA on cement-soil by its small particle size,high surface energy,and solid binding ability.In addition,FA has a positive effect on the UCS of cement-soil soaked for 28 days and 90 days.The UFC addition could promote the enhancement effect of FA on cement-soil UCS.SEM test results showed that cement hydration products increased significantly with the increase of UFC proportion,and cementation between hydration products and soil particles was enhanced.The size and connectivity of cement-soil pores were significantly reduced,thereby improving cement-soil structural integrity.
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant number 23-27-00362,https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-27-00362/.
文摘The study aims to investigate uranium species in the sediments of the natural-technogenic system within a sludge storage facility in Russia.The relevance of this work is underscored by the need to assess the geochemical mobility of radionuclides,a critical factor for predicting their migration and environmental impact.The objective of the research was to determine the uranium species in both peat and sedimentary rock samples of the sludge storage facility and the adjacent area.Laboratory analyses included XRD,XRF analysis using synchrotron radiation,and scanning electron microscopy to study the composition and properties of minerals.The uranium species were further identified using a modified Tessier sequential extraction method.The results revealed that uranium predominantly occurs in a stable silicate-bound form(up to 80%)in sedimentary rocks,indicating minimal geochemical mobility.In contrast,in peat deposits,uranium is primarily associated with manganese and iron oxides(30–60%)as well as organic matter(5–40%),with the most mobile forms constituting less than 5%.The decrease in uranium concentration with distance from the facility was attributed to sorption onto organic matter and co-precipitation with mineral compounds,manganese and iron oxides,which serve as effective natural sorbents.The findings highlight the critical role of organic matter and metal oxides in limiting uranium migration,thus identifying them as key components in the formation of natural barriers for radionuclides.These results are crucial for assessing environmental risks associated with radioactive waste management and for developing strategies to minimize the ecological impact of sludge storages.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2025JBZY019)the Funding of Key Research and Development Project of CCCC(2021-ZJKJ-18).
文摘Peat soil is a loose,moisture-rich organic matter accumulation formed by the deposition of plants in swamps and lakes after their death.It is characterized by high moisture content,large void ratio,high compressibility,and strong rheological properties.These characteristics result in a complex consolidation process.A systematic understanding of the consolidation mechanism of peat soil is essential for elucidating its consolidation behavior.Previous studies have failed to provide consistent information on the microscopic morphology of peat soil.Moreover,quantitative studies on pore structure changes during peat soil consolidation remain lacking.To resolve these research gaps,the microscopic morphology and pore types of peat,highly organic peaty soil,and medium organic peaty soil from certain regions of Yunnan province,China,were observed and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Additionally,quantitative research on pore structure changes during peat soil consolidation was conducted.The results show that the humic acid in peat soil of Yunnan province has no pores,and there is no pore between humic acid and clay minerals.There are three typical pore structures,and the three typical pores were quantitatively analyzed.During consolidation,the consolidation deformation of peat soil is primarily caused by the internal pore compression of plant residues and pores between plant residues.At the same time,the revelation of the differentiated influence mechanism of load levels on the compression of inter/intra-plant residue pores.The decrease in the proportion of pores between plant residues first increased and then decreased with an increase in load,reaching a peak between 100-200 kPa.The decrease in pores inside the plant residues increased with an increasing load.Additionally,pore compression between the plant residues under different load levels primarily caused the compression deformation of Dali peat during the primary consolidation stage.By contrast,the pore compression inside the plant residues primarily caused the compression deformation during the secondary consolidation stage.
基金This research was funded by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia via the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2020/WAB03/UPM/02/1)。
文摘Tropical peat comprises decomposed dead plant material and acts like a sponge to absorb water,making it fully saturated.However,drought periods dry it readily and increases its vulnerability to fire.Peat fires emit greenhouse gases and particles contributing to haze,and prevention by constructing fire-break canals to reduce fire spread into forest reserves is crucial.This paper aims to determine peat physical and chemical properties near a fire-break canal at different fire frequency areas.Peat sampling was conducted at two forest reserves in Malaysia which represent low fire frequency and high fire frequency areas.The results show that peat properties were not affected by the construction of a fire-break canal,however lignin and cellulose content increased significantly from the distance of the canal in both areas.The study concluded that fire frequency did not significantly influence peat properties except for porosity.The higher fibre content in the high frequency area did not influence moisture content nor the ability to regain moisture.Thus,fire frequency might contribute differently to changes in physical and chemical properties,hence management efforts to construct fire-break canals and restoration efforts should protect peatlands from further degradation.These findings will benefit future management and planning for forest reserves.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42072188,42272205 and 41872172。
文摘Coal-type source rocks include both coal and terrigenous marine source rocks.By studying the distribution of secondary depressions,uplifts,as well as the characteristics of peat formation and accumulation in the northern marginal sea basin of the South China Sea,and combining them with coal formation characteristics observed in other basins,five genetic theories on the relationship between peat accumulation and dispersed organic matter accumulation are proposed.The northern marginal sea basin of the South China Sea is characterized by“disadvantageous coals formation and favorable terrigenous marine source rocks formation.”This paper provides a distribution map of coal seams and terrigenous marine source rocks in the Qiongdongnan Basin and determines their distribution patterns.Research shows that the migration of sedimentary facies in the basins and inner depressions led to the formation and migration of the peat accumulation centers.In addition,the vertical migration of the peat accumulation centers led to planar migration,which is actually a type of coupling relationship.Previous research results have revealed that the formation of coal-type source rock is multi-phased.The marginal sea basin is composed of several fault-depression basins,with each basin developing a second order of depression and uplift.There is no unified basin center or depositional center to be found.As a result,the concentration centers of coal-forming materials also vary greatly.Based on the distribution characteristics of coal-type source rocks in different basins within the marginal sea basins of the South China Sea,the research results have practical significance and provide guidance for exploring coal-type oil and gas reservoirs in this area.
文摘The main soil type, principle contributor of nutrients and available agricultural land in the Hula Valley is the organic Peat. Nevertheless, the relative contribution of Phosphorus from the Hula Valley to the Lake Kinneret inputs is lower than regional outsourcing. The Nitrogenic matter, mostly Nitrate migration from the Peat soil is significant. The implementation of efficient development is the key factor of Hula Land use. The financial beneficial success of the Hula land use is therefore dependent of Peat soil properties. The porosity of the Peat Soil is high and preferential pathway volume is low and Hydraulic Conductivity is therefore low. Consequently, the Mobile Spray Irrigation line was found as most suitable for cultivation in Peat Soil. Enhancement of Summer irrigation creating moisture elevation reduces Phosphorus migration from Peat Soil and is therefore recommended and recently implemented.
文摘Peatlands are unique and complex natural ecosystems that are part of the most important carbon reservoirs on our planet, home to a diversity of microorganisms responsible for fermentation, humification or peat. The aim is to understand chemical and biological indicators of peatland soils. This work aims to determine the physicochemical and bacteriological profile and lipolytic activity of soil bacteria in Bilanko peatlands. The bacterial profile with the production of lipases is carried out by classical microbiology techniques. The results show that the soils are moderately acidic with temperatures of 27.8˚C ± 0.01˚C for Bilanko and 27.1˚C ± 0.57˚C for Ngamakala. The electroconductivity (EC) varies from (9.52 ± 0.002) μS/cm to (39.01 ± 1.4) μS/cm with low turbidity of (2.04 ± 0.66) mg/L to (31.02 ± 0.84) mg/L and low ion concentrations with, however, a richness in phenolic compounds for Bilanko compared to Ngamakala. FMAT diversity ranged from (1.71 ± 0.88)∙104 UFC/g to (2.92 ± 0.07)∙105 UFC/g for Bilanko and (1.30 ± 0.73)∙104 UFC/g to (2.89 ± 0.06)∙104 UFC/g for Ngamakala. Bacillus loads ranged from (5.20 ± 1.40)∙103 CFU/g to (1.22 ± 0.13)∙104 CFU/g and from (1.11 ± 0.13)∙104 CFU/g to (9.20 ± 2.05)∙103 CFU/g;enterobacteria loads from (1.40 ± 0.76)∙103 CFU/g to (8.80 ± 1.73)∙103 CFU/g and from (1.01 ± 0.02)∙103 CFU/g to (9.20 ± 2.05)∙103 CFU/g;in Pseudomonas from 0 to (2.30 ± 0.53)∙102 CFU/g and from 0 to (8.90 ± 2.35)∙102 CFU/g for Bilanko and Ngamakala respectively. These results reveal a variation in bacterial similarity and distribution in the Bilanko and Ngamakala peat bogs.
基金Supported by projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.40702027,41472173)Ministry of Land and Resources Outstanding Youth Science and Technology Talent Training Program of China(No.201311111).
文摘Plenty of high-resolution paleoclimate investigations of the last thousand years were carried out to potentially predict future climate changes.Mountainous ombrotrophic peatland is one of the best recorders for high-resolution paleoclimate studies in the forest area.Grain size analysis was carried out on ombrotrophic peat profile in the eastern mountainous region of Jilin Province,Northeast China.The peat profile lasts the past 2000 a by four radiocarbon(AMS14C)ages.The results showed that the inorganic minerals in the peat profile are mainly silt,with some contribution from clay and a minor amount of sand,which are mainly due to wind dust and suspended transportation.Two paleoclimate stages are found in this peat profile by phytolith analysis,peat cellulose isotope research and historical documents:ca.45–1550 AD,relatively cold period;ca.1550 AD–present,relatively warm period.This finding is important for the initial study of paleoclimatic changes over the last 2000 a in the mountainous area of eastern mountainous area,Jilin Province,Northeast China.
文摘A participatory action research was conducted in 2022,with the“Establishment of Demonstration Site for Peatland Conservation through Integrated Management and Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs)”to give recommendation on the development of guidelines on Sustainable Utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products(NTFPs)and peatland conservation.According to the peat soil assessment,it was found that peat soil content was very low and top soil was thin under the mangrove forest,and Payena paralleloneura-Kan Zaw bearing forest in March 2022.Organic material might be pressed by trespasser to collect Kan Zaw seed,to conduct horticulture and mining near the Kan Zaw bearing forest,or organic material might be damaged by burning with controlled fire in the previous years,under Kan Zaw trees to collect seeds.Organic material might have been carried to the downwards with running water due to the heavy rainfall,with 4,700 mm/year.Mangrove forest and Kan Zaw bearing evergreen forest can be assumed as“the major source of coastal peatland formation,with peat deposits eroded seawards”.It is assumed that the organic material will accumulate on top of the sands and it will lead to the formation of the peatland at coastal zone.It can be assumed that the accumulation of organic material found in mangrove forest and evergreen forests will promote the soil carbon storage,if we can adopt the ASEAN Policy on Zero Burning,which reflect ASEAN's commitment to controlling fires and haze,offering techniques,benefits,requirements,and challenges for implementing zero burning practices[1].Sustainable utilization of NTFP including peat and Kan Zaw-Payena paralleloneura Kurz seed was studied at demonstration sites,and it is recommended to make a trial on silvicultural system at mangrove forest and apply suitable silvicultural system such as Clear-Felling(in blocks or in alternate strips)system,Selection System,and Shelter Wood System to ensure the sustainable utilization of NTFP from mangrove forest[2].Gap planting and assisted natural regeneration are also recommended for mangrove forest and Kan Zaw-bearing forest.
基金This research was supported by Key Knowledge Innova-tion Project (SCXZD0102) of Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences and sponsored by the Science and Technology Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomic Region,P. R. China (2001010)
文摘The experiment was conducted at the Ganqika Sandy Land Ecological Station in Ke抏rqinzuoyihouqi County, Inner Mongolia, in a growing season from April 28 to October 28, 2001. Peat and weathered coal were added to the aeolian sandy soil in different ratios. Two-year-old Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings and plastic pots were used in the experiment. The experimental results indicated that: 1) the peat and weathered coal could significantly improve the physical and chemical prop-erties of aeolian sandy soil, and thus promoted the growth of seedlings; 2) the effect of peat on seedling growth, including height, base diameter, root length and biomass, presented an order of 8%>10%>5%>2%>0 in terms of peat contents, and the effect of weathered coal on seedling growth presented an order of 5%>8%>10%>2%>0 in terms of weathered coal contents for height and basal diameter, 5%>8%>2% >10%>0 for root length, and 5%>2%>8% >10%>0 for biomass; 3) the effects of peat were generally greater than that of weathered coal. Meanwhile, 8% peat was the best treatment to promote the growth of P. sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings.
