The high-energy lithium/sulfur(Li/S) battery has become a very popular topic of research in recent years due to its high theoretical capacity of 1672 m Ah/g. However, the polysulfide shuttle effect remains of great co...The high-energy lithium/sulfur(Li/S) battery has become a very popular topic of research in recent years due to its high theoretical capacity of 1672 m Ah/g. However, the polysulfide shuttle effect remains of great concern with a great number of publications dedicated to its mitigation. In this contribution, a three-dimensional(3D) reduced graphene oxide/activated carbon(RGO/AC) film, synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and convenient mechanical pressing, is sandwiched between the separator and the sulfur-based cathode, acting as a functional interlayer to capture and trap polysulfide species. Consequently, the Li/S cell with this interlayer shows an impressive initial discharge capacity of 1078 m Ah/g and a reversible capacity of 655 m Ah/g even after 100 cycles. The RGO/AC interlayer impedes the movement of polysulfide while providing unimpeded channels for lithium ion mass transfer. Therefore, the RGO/AC interlayer with a well-designed structure represents strong potential for high-performance Li/S batteries.展开更多
Polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）-sodium polyacrylate （PAAS）-KOH-H2O alkaline polymer electrolyte film with high ionic conductivity was prepared by a solution-casting method. Polymer Ni（OH）2/activated carbon （AC） hybrid...Polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）-sodium polyacrylate （PAAS）-KOH-H2O alkaline polymer electrolyte film with high ionic conductivity was prepared by a solution-casting method. Polymer Ni（OH）2/activated carbon （AC） hybrid supercapacitors with different electrode active material mass ratios （positive to negative） were fabricated using this alkaline polymer electrolyte, nickel hydroxide positive electrodes, and AC negative electrodes. Galvanostatic charge/ discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） methods were used to study the electrochemical performance of the capacitors, such as charge/discharge specific capacitance, rate charge/discharge ability, and charge/discharge cyclic stability. Experimental results showed that with the decreasing of active material mass ratio m（Ni（OH）2）/m（AC）, the charge/discharge specific capacitance increases, but the rate charge/discharge ability and the charge/discharge cyclic stability decrease.展开更多
Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,a...Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,and 8 wt.%)on the wettability and interfacial reaction between the alloy and shell were investigated by a sessile-drop experiment.The results show that increasing the Al_(2)O_(3) doping contents(0−8 wt.%)reduces the porosity(21.74%−10.08%)and roughness(3.22−1.34μm)of the shell surface.The increase in Cr_(2)O_(3) dopant content(2−8 wt.%)further exacerbates the interfacial reaction,leading to an increase in the thickness of the reaction layer(2.6−3.1μm)and a decrease in the wetting angle(93.9°−91.0°).The addition of Al_(2)O_(3) and TiO_(2) dopants leads to the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5) composite oxides in the reaction products,which effectively inhibits the interfacial reaction.The increase in TiO_(2) dopant contents(0−8 wt.%)further promotes the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5),which decreases the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer(3.9−1.2μm)and increases the wetting angle(95.0°−103.8°).The introduced dopants enhance the packing density of the shell surface,while simultaneously suppress the diffusion of active metal elements from the alloy matrix to the interface.展开更多
Investigating structural and hydroxyl group effects in electrooxidation of alcohols to value-added products by solid-acid electrocatalysts is essential for upgrading biomass alcohols.Herein,we report efficient electro...Investigating structural and hydroxyl group effects in electrooxidation of alcohols to value-added products by solid-acid electrocatalysts is essential for upgrading biomass alcohols.Herein,we report efficient electrocatalytic oxidations of saturated alcohols(C_(1)-C_(6))to selectively form formate using Ni Co hydroxide(Ni Co-OH)derived Ni Co_(2)O_(4)solid-acid electrocatalysts with balanced Lewis acid(LASs)and Brønsted acid sites(BASs).Thermal treatment transforms BASs-rich(89.6%)Ni Co-OH into Ni Co_(2)O_(4)with nearly equal distribution of LASs(53.1%)and BASs(46.9%)which synergistically promote adsorption and activation of OH-and alcohol molecules for enhanced oxidation activity.In contrast,BASs-enriched Ni Co-OH facilitates formation of higher valence metal sites,beneficial for water oxidation.The combined experimental studies and theoretical calculation imply the oxidation ability of C1-C6alcohols increases as increased number of hydroxyl groups and decreased HOMO-LUMO gaps:methanol(C_(1))<ethylene glycol(C_(2))<glycerol(C3)<meso-erythritol(C4)<xylitol(C5)<sorbitol(C6),while the formate selectivity shows the opposite trend from 100 to 80%.This study unveils synergistic roles of LASs and BASs,as well as hydroxyl group effect in electro-upgrading of alcohols using solid-acid electrocatalysts.展开更多
In this study,a string of Cr-Mnco-modified activated coke catalysts(XCryMn1-y/AC)were prepared to investigate toluene and Hg^(0) removal performance.Multifarious characterizations including XRD,TEM,SEM,in situ DRIFTS,...In this study,a string of Cr-Mnco-modified activated coke catalysts(XCryMn1-y/AC)were prepared to investigate toluene and Hg^(0) removal performance.Multifarious characterizations including XRD,TEM,SEM,in situ DRIFTS,BET,XPS and H_(2)-TPR showed that 4%Cr0.5Mn0.5/AC had excellent physicochemical properties and exhibited the best toluene and Hg^(0) removal efficiency at 200℃.By varying the experimental gas components and conditions,it was found that too large weight hourly space velocity would reduce the removal efficiency of toluene and Hg^(0).Although O_(2) promoted the abatement of toluene and Hg^(0),the inhibitory role of H_(2)O and SO_(2) offset the promoting effect of O_(2) to some extent.Toluene significantly inhibited Hg^(0) removal,resulting from that toluene was present at concentrations orders of magnitude greater than mercury’s or the catalyst was more prone to adsorb toluene,while Hg^(0) almost exerted non-existent influence on toluene elimination.The mechanistic analysis showed that the forms of toluene and Hg^(0) removal included both adsorption and oxidation,where the high-valent metal cations and oxygen vacancy clusters promoted the redox cycle of Cr^(3+)+Mn^(3+)/Mn^(4+)+Cr^(6+)+Mn^(2+),which facilitated the conversion and replenishment of reactive oxygen species in the oxidation process,and even the CrMn_(1.5)O_(4) spinel structure could provide a larger catalytic interface,thus enhancing the adsorption/oxidation of toluene and Hg^(0).Therefore,its excellent physicochemical properties make it a costeffective potential industrial catalyst with outstanding synergistic toluene and Hg^(0) removal performance and preeminent resistance to H_(2)O and SO_(2).展开更多
Graphene Oxide(GO),nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron(nZVI)and GO-modified nZVI(GO-nZVI)composite materials were prepared by the Hummer and polyphenol reduction method,respectively,and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)and X-r...Graphene Oxide(GO),nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron(nZVI)and GO-modified nZVI(GO-nZVI)composite materials were prepared by the Hummer and polyphenol reduction method,respectively,and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)and X-ray Diffraction(XRD)were used to characterize the morphology and phase composition of these materials.A series of batch experiments were then conducted to inves-tigate the performance and influencing factors of GO-nZVI activating peroxydisulfate(SPS)for the degra-dation of 1,2,3-trichloropropane(TCP).Finally,an in-situ oxidation reaction zone was created by GO-nZVI-activated SPS in a one-dimensional simulated system to study the remediation of TCP contamination under different aquifer conditions.The results showed that the GO-nZVI composite exhibited a porous,fluffy structure,with spherical nZVI particles loaded onto the surface and folds of the GO sheets.Compared with unmodified nZVI particles,the GO-nZVI composite significantly enhanced the removal efficiency of TCP by activated SPS,achieving a removal rate of 67.2%within an hour-78.2%higher than that of the unmodi-fied system.The SPS dosage and the C/Fe ratio in GO-nZVI were found to significantly affect the degradation efficiency of TCP.The removal rate of TCP increased with higher SPS concentration,and a 10%carbon addition,yielded the best activation effect.The one-dimensional simulation results indicated that the removal rate of TCP ranged from 30.1%to 73.3%under different conditions.A larger medium particle size and higher concentrations of reactants(SPS and GO-nZVI)improved pollutant degradation efficiency,increasing TCP removal by 62.1%,23.8%,and 3.7%,respectively.In contrast,a higher groundwater flow velocity was not conducive to the removal of pollutants,with the TCP removal rate decreasing by approxi-mately 41.9%.展开更多
Nitrogen-doped activated carbon(N-AC)was successfully prepared by KOH-activation and nitrogen doping using ammonia(NH3)heat treatment.Coconut shell-derived activated carbon(AC)was heat-treated under NH3 gas in the tem...Nitrogen-doped activated carbon(N-AC)was successfully prepared by KOH-activation and nitrogen doping using ammonia(NH3)heat treatment.Coconut shell-derived activated carbon(AC)was heat-treated under NH3 gas in the temperature range of 700℃-900℃.Likewise,the mixture of potassium hydroxide(KOH)and AC was heated at 800℃,followed by heat treatment underNH3 gas at 800℃(hereafter referred to asKOH-N-AC800).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Raman spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)method were utilized to analyze morphology,crystallinity,chemical bonding,chemical composition and surface area.The surface area and porosity of N-AC increased with increasing NH3 heat treatment.Similarly,the nitrogen content in the N-AC increased from 3.23%to 4.84 at%when the NH3 heat treatment was raised from 700℃ to 800℃.However,the nitrogen content of N-AC decreased to 3.40 at% after using NH3 heat treatment at 900℃.The nitrogen content of KOH-N-AC800 is 5.43 at%.KOH-N-AC800 and N-AC800 exhibited improvements of 33.66% and 26.24%,respectively,in CO_(2) adsorption compared with AC.The enhancement of CO_(2) adsorption of KOH-N-AC800 is attributed to the synergic effect of the nitrogen doping,high surface area,and porosity.The results exhibited that nitrogen sites on the surface play a more significant role in CO_(2) adsorption than surface area and porosity.This work proposes the potential synergistic effect of KOH-activation and nitrogen doping for enhancing the CO_(2) adsorption capacity of activated carbon.展开更多
Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries are promisingcandidates for next-generation energy storagegiven their high energy density and potential low cost.Chemically activated carbon(CAC)is often used fortheir cathodes,because ...Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries are promisingcandidates for next-generation energy storagegiven their high energy density and potential low cost.Chemically activated carbon(CAC)is often used fortheir cathodes,because it has a high specific surfacearea for sulfur loading.We have developed a pressurizedphysical activation(PPA)method that producedan activated carbon(PPAC)with a high specific surfacearea comparable to that of CAC.The pore structure of PPAC could be changed and its use as a cathode material for Li–Sbatteries was investigated.Battery tests at different capacity rates(C-rates)showed that it had a much improved high-rate performancewith a discharge capacity of 900 mAh/(g of sulfur)at 1 C,in contrast to only 600 mAh/(g of sulfur)for CAC.Porestructure analyses showed that PPAC prepared at a high activation temperature(1000℃)had unusual channel-like mesoporesbetween the microdomains that are the basic structural units of artificial carbon materials.These are connected to microporesdeveloped in each microdomain,and deliver ions from the surroundings to the internal pores and vice versa.The well-developedmicropores and mesopores of PPAC respectively ensured the high adsorption of lithium polysulfides and a high rate ofion diffusion.Compared to CAC,PPAC is a high-performance,low-cost cathode material that is promising for use in futureLi–S batteries.展开更多
Precipitation is often used for the preparation of La(OH)_(3)with precipitants of liquid alkali and ammonia.To solve the problems of high cost and wastewater pollution caused by common precipitants,the active MgO synt...Precipitation is often used for the preparation of La(OH)_(3)with precipitants of liquid alkali and ammonia.To solve the problems of high cost and wastewater pollution caused by common precipitants,the active MgO synthesized by pyrolysis was used as the precipitant to prepare La(OH)_(3).The species distribution of LaCl_(3)and LaCl_(3)-MgCl_(2)mixed system solution was calculated,and the kinetic analysis of the precipi-tation process was carried out to confirm the key factors influencing the precipitation of La(OH)_(3).The results show that La(OH)_(3)with D_(50)of 5.57μm,a specific surface area of 25.70 m^(2)/g,a rod-like shape,and MgO content of 0.044 wt%,was successfully prepared by adding active MgO.The precipitation ratio of La reaches 99.92%.The La(OH)_(3)precipitation is controlled by the diffusion process.The activity of MgO has a significant influence on MgO content in the precipitate.The preparation of La(OH)_(3)by active MgO provides a potential way for an eco-friendly preparation method of rare earth.展开更多
Propylene oxide(PO)is an important petrochemical materials used to produce downstream products such as propylene glycol(PG),polyether polyols,and dipropylene glycol(DPG).Among these,DPG is commonly used as a solvent f...Propylene oxide(PO)is an important petrochemical materials used to produce downstream products such as propylene glycol(PG),polyether polyols,and dipropylene glycol(DPG).Among these,DPG is commonly used as a solvent for fragrances,cosmetics,food additives,and detergents,and can also be served as a moisturizer in cosmetics,showing broad application prospects.The distribution of DPG isomers in the products synthesized from PO and PG has a significant impactΔrGΔrHΔfHθΔfGθPO+PG⇌DPG PO+DPG⇌TPG PG+PG⇌DPG+H_(2)O PG+DPG⇌TPG+H_(2)O on the quality of the products.Therefore,conducting thermodynamic calculation on the reaction of PO and PG to synthesize DPG can provide a theoretical basis for practical operations and product distribution regulation.So,in this paper,the thermodynamic parameters of PO,1,2-PG,H_(2)O,tripropylene glycol(TPG)and three isomers of DPG under different reaction conditions is calculated.Additionally,the,and lnK for four potential reactions at various reaction temperatures and pressures are calculated.By designing isodesmic reactions and combining the results of thermodynamic calculations,the and for the isomers of DPG are obtained,and the relative error is less than 7%.The results show that in the process of preparing DPG by PO and PG,when PO∶PG=1,the reaction temperature ranges from 298.15 to 413.15 K,and the pressure ranges from 101.325 to 506.625 kPa,the reactions of and are thermodynamically spontaneous.While the reactions of and are thermodynamically unspontaneous.The optimal reaction temperature and pressure are 413.15 K and 101.325 kPa.The thermodynamic stability of the three isomers is DPG1>DPG2>DPG3 under standard conditions.The accuracy of the computational results is verified through experimental design,and based on this,the factors affecting product distribution are analyzed.展开更多
Black nickel coatings have emerged as a research hotspot in materials science due to their excellent performance and broad application prospects.In this study,nickel-based black coatings were fabricated on low-carbon ...Black nickel coatings have emerged as a research hotspot in materials science due to their excellent performance and broad application prospects.In this study,nickel-based black coatings were fabricated on low-carbon steel substrates via photo-assisted electrodeposition.A systematic investigation was conducted on the effects of cerium ion concentration and nano-ceria(CeO_(2))particle content in the electrolyte on the coating properties,along with an analysis of the temporal evolution of coating’s corrosion resistance.When the cerium ion concentration in the electrolyte was 0.05 mol/L,the coating exhibited a uniform black appearance with a light absorption rate of 95%,an emissivity of 0.87,maximum impedance,and the lowest corrosion tendency,demonstrating optimal comprehensive performance.The coating prepared with a nano-ceria concentration of 6 g/L in the electrolyte exhibited an emissivity of 0.9,achieved a 5B adhesion grade(ASTM D3359-09),and demonstrated a one-order-of-magnitude reduction in corrosion current density compared to coatings fabricated without nano-ceria in the electrolyte.With prolonged storage time,the coating's impedance slightly increased,leading to improved corrosion resistance.展开更多
It is crucial to develop arsenic removal adsorbents with strong sulfur resistance under middle-low-temperature flue gas conditions(<400℃).In this work,five Fe-Ce-La oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method,...It is crucial to develop arsenic removal adsorbents with strong sulfur resistance under middle-low-temperature flue gas conditions(<400℃).In this work,five Fe-Ce-La oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method,and FeCeLaO/SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) composite adsorbents were prepared by coupling fly ash-based Si-Al carriers.The active components Fe-Ce-La oxides and Si-Al carriers were characterized by TPD,TG,XRF,BET and XPS,respectively.The effects of temperature,Si/Al ratio and FeCeLaO loading rate on the sulfur resistance were investigated.Results show that the SO_(2) promotes the arsenic removal of Fe_(2)O_(3),CeLaO and FeCeLaO.At 400℃,the arsenic removal efficiencies of the three oxides increase from 45.3%,72.5% and 81.3% without SO_(2) to 62.6%,80.5%and 91.0%,respectively.The SO_(2) inhibits the arsenic removal of La_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) and FeLaO,and the inhibition effect is pronounced at high temperatures.The sulfur poisoning resistance of Si-Al carriers increases with the increase of Si/Al ratio.When the Si/Al ratio is increased to 9.74,the arsenic removal efficiency in the SO_(2) environment is 13.9% higher than that in the absence of SO_(2).Introducing FeCeLaO active components is beneficial for enhancing the SO_(2) poisoning resistance of Si-Al carriers.The strong sulfur resistance of the FeCeLaO/SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) composite adsorbent results from multiple factors:protective effects of Ce on Fe,La and Al;sulfation-induced generation of Ce^(3+)and surface-adsorbed oxygen;and strong surface acidity of SiO_(2).展开更多
Passiflora incarnata L.,commonly known as passionflower,is traditionally cultivated as an ornamental plant but has demonstrated diverse therapeutic potential.Its pharmacological effects are attributed to bioactive com...Passiflora incarnata L.,commonly known as passionflower,is traditionally cultivated as an ornamental plant but has demonstrated diverse therapeutic potential.Its pharmacological effects are attributed to bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and alkaloids,which influence multiple biological pathways.This review aims to summarise and critically analyse recent findings on the pharmacological properties of Passiflora incarnata L.,focusing on its neuropsychiatric,antioxidant,antimicrobial,and anticancer activities.A targeted literature search was conducted in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed publications between 2000 to 2025.Relevant articles were screened,and a more appropriate article related to the objective of the review was selected.Some classical papers are also cited as per the requirement of the topic.Passiflora incarnata L.showed multifunctional medicinal properties with various applications in neuropsychiatry,oxidative stress management,antimicrobial agent,and as an anticancer agent.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration categorizes passionflower extracts as“generally recognized as safe”.However,most evidence remains preclinical,with methodological variation limiting generalisation.Standardised formulation,robust clinical trials,and in-depth in vivo studies are essential to establish its therapeutic relevance and safety in modern medicine.展开更多
To elucidate the effect of calcite-regulated activated carbon(AC)structure on low-temperature denitrification performance of SCR catalysts,this work prepared a series of Mn-Ce/De-AC-xCaCO_(3)(x is the calcite content ...To elucidate the effect of calcite-regulated activated carbon(AC)structure on low-temperature denitrification performance of SCR catalysts,this work prepared a series of Mn-Ce/De-AC-xCaCO_(3)(x is the calcite content in coal)catalysts were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method,followed by acid washing to remove calcium-containing minerals.Comprehensive characterization and low-temperature denitrification tests revealed that calcite-induced structural modulation of coal-derived AC significantly enhances catalytic activity.Specifically,NO conversion increased from 88.3%of Mn-Ce/De-AC to 91.7%of Mn-Ce/De-AC-1CaCO_(3)(210℃).The improved SCR denitrification activity results from the enhancement of physicochemical properties including higher Mn^(4+)content and Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)ratio,an abundance of chemisorbed oxygen and acidic sites,which could strengthen the SCR reaction pathways(richer NH_(3)activated species and bidentate nitrate active species).Therefore,NO removal is enhanced.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction process,content determination,and antioxidant properties of flavonoids from Hylocereus undatus(Haw.)Britton&Rose.[Methods]Using H.undatus as the r...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction process,content determination,and antioxidant properties of flavonoids from Hylocereus undatus(Haw.)Britton&Rose.[Methods]Using H.undatus as the raw material,the effects of ethanol concentration,ultrasonic temperature,time,and solid-to-liquid ratio on the total flavonoid yield were investigated through single-factor and orthogonal experiments.[Results]All factors had a significant effect on the yield.The optimized conditions were determined as follows:ethanol concentration 75%,ultrasonic temperature 60℃,ultrasonic time 30 min,and solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50(g/ml).Under these conditions,the total flavonoid yield reached 3.08%.Evaluation of antioxidant activity revealed that the extract exhibited superior scavenging rates against both DPPH and hydroxyl radicals compared with the standard reference compound BHT.[Conclusions]This study holds significant importance for elucidating the pharmacological mechanisms of flavonoids in H.undatus and for expanding their application in medicine and health products.展开更多
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation(Anammox)is an economical and sustainablewastewater nitrogen removal technology,and its application in the mainstream process is the inevitable trend of the development of Anammox.However,ho...Anaerobic ammonia oxidation(Anammox)is an economical and sustainablewastewater nitrogen removal technology,and its application in the mainstream process is the inevitable trend of the development of Anammox.However,how to effectively enriching Anammox bacteria from the activated sludge remains challenging and restricts its extensive applications.In this study,the rapid and efficient enrichment of Anammox bacteriawas achieved by raising the reflux ratio and nitrogen loading rate(NLR)using conventional activated sludge as the inoculant.In the screening phase(days 1–90),the reflux ratio was increased to discharge partial floc sludge,resulting in the relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadiaceae increased from0.04%to 22.54%,which effectively reduced thematrix and spatial competition between other microorganisms and Anammox bacteria.On day 90,the stoichiometric ratio of the Anammox process closely approached the theoretical value of 1:1.32:0.26,indicating that the Anammox reaction was the primary nitrogen removal process in the system.In the enrichment phase(days 91–238),the NLR increased from 0.43 to 1.20 kgN/(m^(3)·d)and removal efficiency was 71.89%,resulting in the relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadiaceae increased to 61.27%on day 180.The reactor operated steadily from days 444 to 498,maintaining the nitrogen removal rate(NRR)of 3.00 kgN/(m^(3)·d)and achieving successful sludge granulation with the particle size of 392.4μm.In short,this study provided a simple and efficient approach for enriching Anammox bacteria from the activated sludge,supporting to start an Anammox process efficiently.展开更多
High-entropy oxides(HEOs)have emerged as a promising class of memristive materials,characterized by entropy-stabilized crystal structures,multivalent cation coordination,and tunable defect landscapes.These intrinsic f...High-entropy oxides(HEOs)have emerged as a promising class of memristive materials,characterized by entropy-stabilized crystal structures,multivalent cation coordination,and tunable defect landscapes.These intrinsic features enable forming-free resistive switching,multilevel conductance modulation,and synaptic plasticity,making HEOs attractive for neuromorphic computing.This review outlines recent progress in HEO-based memristors across materials engineering,switching mechanisms,and synaptic emulation.Particular attention is given to vacancy migration,phase transitions,and valence-state dynamics—mechanisms that underlie the switching behaviors observed in both amorphous and crystalline systems.Their relevance to neuromorphic functions such as short-term plasticity and spike-timing-dependent learning is also examined.While encouraging results have been achieved at the device level,challenges remain in conductance precision,variability control,and scalable integration.Addressing these demands a concerted effort across materials design,interface optimization,and task-aware modeling.With such integration,HEO memristors offer a compelling pathway toward energy-efficient and adaptable brain-inspired electronics.展开更多
Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic struct...Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic structure light pressure electric generator(Basic-LPEG),which utilized a layered configuration of Ag/Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)(PZT)/Pt/GaAs to generate electricity based on light-induced pressure on the PZT.In this study,we sought to enhance the performance of this Basic-LPEG by introducing Ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide(AgNPs/GO)composite units(NP-LPEG),creating upgraded harvesting device.Specifically,by depositing the AgNPs/GO units twice onto the Basic-LPEG,we observed an increase in output voltage and current from 241 mV and 3.1μA to 310 mV and 9.3μA,respectively,under a solar simulator.The increase in electrical output directly correlated with the intensity of the light pressure impacting the PZT,as well as matched the Raman measurements,finite-difference time-domain simulations,and COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation.Experimental data revealed that the enhancement in electrical output was proportional to the number of hot spots generated between Ag nanoparticles,where the electric field experienced substantial amplification.These results underline the effectiveness of AgNPs/GO units in boosting the light-induced electric generation capacity,thereby providing a promising pathway for high-efficiency energy harvesting devices.展开更多
Poly(phenylene oxide)(PPO)exhibits excellent dielectric properties,making it an ideal substrate for high-frequency,high-speed copper-clad laminates.The phenolic hydroxyl group at the end of PPO plays a key role in its...Poly(phenylene oxide)(PPO)exhibits excellent dielectric properties,making it an ideal substrate for high-frequency,high-speed copper-clad laminates.The phenolic hydroxyl group at the end of PPO plays a key role in its reactivity.Accurately quantifying the phenolic hydroxyl content in PPO is essential but challenging.In this study,we proposed a method for measuring the phenolic hydroxyl content of PPO using differential UV absorption spectroscopy.In alkaline solutions,the phenolic hydroxyl in PPO completely ionizes to form phenoxide ions,leading to a significant increase in UV absorbance at approximately 250 and 300 nm.Notably,the differential UV absorbance at approximately 300 nm was directly proportional to the phenolic hydroxyl concentration.Using 2,6-dimethylphenol as a standard,a calibration curve was established to relate the phenolic hydroxyl concentration to differential UV absorbance at approximately 300 nm,providing a precise and straightforward method for phenolic hydroxyl quantification in PPO with distinct advantages over conventional techniques.展开更多
Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is one of the most widely used diagnostic techniques.Iron oxide nanoparticles,as a promising kind of contrast agents,have attracted intense research interest due to their low toxicity an...Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is one of the most widely used diagnostic techniques.Iron oxide nanoparticles,as a promising kind of contrast agents,have attracted intense research interest due to their low toxicity and superparamagnetism.However,it is still a great challenge to prepare ideal iron oxide based contrast agents with high uniformity,excellent water solubility and biocompatibility.In this paper,a novel water-soluble polymer ligand pentaerythritol tetrakis 3-mercaptopropionate-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)(PTMP-PVP)was used as a capping reagent to prepare iron oxide nanoparticles MIONs@PTMP-PVP through one-step co-precipitation of iron precursors in aqueous solution at 100℃.The obtained nanoparticles MIONs@PTMP-PVP had a small size and narrow size distribution,and they were found to be biocompatible as determined through CCK-8 assay and histology analysis.In vivo MRI study demonstrated that the obtained MIONs@PTMP-PVP can be potentially used as an effective T_(2)-weighted MRI contrast agent.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.21406052the Program for the Outstanding Young Talents of Hebei Province(grant no.BJ2014010)the Scientific Research Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China(grant no.CG2015003002)
文摘The high-energy lithium/sulfur(Li/S) battery has become a very popular topic of research in recent years due to its high theoretical capacity of 1672 m Ah/g. However, the polysulfide shuttle effect remains of great concern with a great number of publications dedicated to its mitigation. In this contribution, a three-dimensional(3D) reduced graphene oxide/activated carbon(RGO/AC) film, synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and convenient mechanical pressing, is sandwiched between the separator and the sulfur-based cathode, acting as a functional interlayer to capture and trap polysulfide species. Consequently, the Li/S cell with this interlayer shows an impressive initial discharge capacity of 1078 m Ah/g and a reversible capacity of 655 m Ah/g even after 100 cycles. The RGO/AC interlayer impedes the movement of polysulfide while providing unimpeded channels for lithium ion mass transfer. Therefore, the RGO/AC interlayer with a well-designed structure represents strong potential for high-performance Li/S batteries.
基金Supported by Leading Academic Discipline Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (J50102)
文摘Polyvinyl alcohol （PVA）-sodium polyacrylate （PAAS）-KOH-H2O alkaline polymer electrolyte film with high ionic conductivity was prepared by a solution-casting method. Polymer Ni（OH）2/activated carbon （AC） hybrid supercapacitors with different electrode active material mass ratios （positive to negative） were fabricated using this alkaline polymer electrolyte, nickel hydroxide positive electrodes, and AC negative electrodes. Galvanostatic charge/ discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） methods were used to study the electrochemical performance of the capacitors, such as charge/discharge specific capacitance, rate charge/discharge ability, and charge/discharge cyclic stability. Experimental results showed that with the decreasing of active material mass ratio m（Ni（OH）2）/m（AC）, the charge/discharge specific capacitance increases, but the rate charge/discharge ability and the charge/discharge cyclic stability decrease.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52374292)China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation, China (No. BWLCF202309)the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City, China (No. KQ2208271)。
文摘Some active metal oxides(Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and Cr_(2)O_(3))were selected as dopants to the Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic shells for investment casting of K417G superalloy.The effects of dopant types and contents(0,2,5,and 8 wt.%)on the wettability and interfacial reaction between the alloy and shell were investigated by a sessile-drop experiment.The results show that increasing the Al_(2)O_(3) doping contents(0−8 wt.%)reduces the porosity(21.74%−10.08%)and roughness(3.22−1.34μm)of the shell surface.The increase in Cr_(2)O_(3) dopant content(2−8 wt.%)further exacerbates the interfacial reaction,leading to an increase in the thickness of the reaction layer(2.6−3.1μm)and a decrease in the wetting angle(93.9°−91.0°).The addition of Al_(2)O_(3) and TiO_(2) dopants leads to the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5) composite oxides in the reaction products,which effectively inhibits the interfacial reaction.The increase in TiO_(2) dopant contents(0−8 wt.%)further promotes the formation of Al_(2)TiO_(5),which decreases the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer(3.9−1.2μm)and increases the wetting angle(95.0°−103.8°).The introduced dopants enhance the packing density of the shell surface,while simultaneously suppress the diffusion of active metal elements from the alloy matrix to the interface.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172110,52472231,52311530113)Shanghai"Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan"intergovernmental international science and technology cooperation project(23520710600)+1 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22DZ1205600)the Central Guidance on Science and Technology Development Fund of Zhejiang Province(2024ZY01011)。
文摘Investigating structural and hydroxyl group effects in electrooxidation of alcohols to value-added products by solid-acid electrocatalysts is essential for upgrading biomass alcohols.Herein,we report efficient electrocatalytic oxidations of saturated alcohols(C_(1)-C_(6))to selectively form formate using Ni Co hydroxide(Ni Co-OH)derived Ni Co_(2)O_(4)solid-acid electrocatalysts with balanced Lewis acid(LASs)and Brønsted acid sites(BASs).Thermal treatment transforms BASs-rich(89.6%)Ni Co-OH into Ni Co_(2)O_(4)with nearly equal distribution of LASs(53.1%)and BASs(46.9%)which synergistically promote adsorption and activation of OH-and alcohol molecules for enhanced oxidation activity.In contrast,BASs-enriched Ni Co-OH facilitates formation of higher valence metal sites,beneficial for water oxidation.The combined experimental studies and theoretical calculation imply the oxidation ability of C1-C6alcohols increases as increased number of hydroxyl groups and decreased HOMO-LUMO gaps:methanol(C_(1))<ethylene glycol(C_(2))<glycerol(C3)<meso-erythritol(C4)<xylitol(C5)<sorbitol(C6),while the formate selectivity shows the opposite trend from 100 to 80%.This study unveils synergistic roles of LASs and BASs,as well as hydroxyl group effect in electro-upgrading of alcohols using solid-acid electrocatalysts.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education (No.22B0458)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52270102).
文摘In this study,a string of Cr-Mnco-modified activated coke catalysts(XCryMn1-y/AC)were prepared to investigate toluene and Hg^(0) removal performance.Multifarious characterizations including XRD,TEM,SEM,in situ DRIFTS,BET,XPS and H_(2)-TPR showed that 4%Cr0.5Mn0.5/AC had excellent physicochemical properties and exhibited the best toluene and Hg^(0) removal efficiency at 200℃.By varying the experimental gas components and conditions,it was found that too large weight hourly space velocity would reduce the removal efficiency of toluene and Hg^(0).Although O_(2) promoted the abatement of toluene and Hg^(0),the inhibitory role of H_(2)O and SO_(2) offset the promoting effect of O_(2) to some extent.Toluene significantly inhibited Hg^(0) removal,resulting from that toluene was present at concentrations orders of magnitude greater than mercury’s or the catalyst was more prone to adsorb toluene,while Hg^(0) almost exerted non-existent influence on toluene elimination.The mechanistic analysis showed that the forms of toluene and Hg^(0) removal included both adsorption and oxidation,where the high-valent metal cations and oxygen vacancy clusters promoted the redox cycle of Cr^(3+)+Mn^(3+)/Mn^(4+)+Cr^(6+)+Mn^(2+),which facilitated the conversion and replenishment of reactive oxygen species in the oxidation process,and even the CrMn_(1.5)O_(4) spinel structure could provide a larger catalytic interface,thus enhancing the adsorption/oxidation of toluene and Hg^(0).Therefore,its excellent physicochemical properties make it a costeffective potential industrial catalyst with outstanding synergistic toluene and Hg^(0) removal performance and preeminent resistance to H_(2)O and SO_(2).
基金financially supported by the Basal Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(NO.SK202318)the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(No.3502Z20227309)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(NO.2023J01227).
文摘Graphene Oxide(GO),nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron(nZVI)and GO-modified nZVI(GO-nZVI)composite materials were prepared by the Hummer and polyphenol reduction method,respectively,and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)and X-ray Diffraction(XRD)were used to characterize the morphology and phase composition of these materials.A series of batch experiments were then conducted to inves-tigate the performance and influencing factors of GO-nZVI activating peroxydisulfate(SPS)for the degra-dation of 1,2,3-trichloropropane(TCP).Finally,an in-situ oxidation reaction zone was created by GO-nZVI-activated SPS in a one-dimensional simulated system to study the remediation of TCP contamination under different aquifer conditions.The results showed that the GO-nZVI composite exhibited a porous,fluffy structure,with spherical nZVI particles loaded onto the surface and folds of the GO sheets.Compared with unmodified nZVI particles,the GO-nZVI composite significantly enhanced the removal efficiency of TCP by activated SPS,achieving a removal rate of 67.2%within an hour-78.2%higher than that of the unmodi-fied system.The SPS dosage and the C/Fe ratio in GO-nZVI were found to significantly affect the degradation efficiency of TCP.The removal rate of TCP increased with higher SPS concentration,and a 10%carbon addition,yielded the best activation effect.The one-dimensional simulation results indicated that the removal rate of TCP ranged from 30.1%to 73.3%under different conditions.A larger medium particle size and higher concentrations of reactants(SPS and GO-nZVI)improved pollutant degradation efficiency,increasing TCP removal by 62.1%,23.8%,and 3.7%,respectively.In contrast,a higher groundwater flow velocity was not conducive to the removal of pollutants,with the TCP removal rate decreasing by approxi-mately 41.9%.
基金funded by Burapha University,grant number SDG 4/2568.
文摘Nitrogen-doped activated carbon(N-AC)was successfully prepared by KOH-activation and nitrogen doping using ammonia(NH3)heat treatment.Coconut shell-derived activated carbon(AC)was heat-treated under NH3 gas in the temperature range of 700℃-900℃.Likewise,the mixture of potassium hydroxide(KOH)and AC was heated at 800℃,followed by heat treatment underNH3 gas at 800℃(hereafter referred to asKOH-N-AC800).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Raman spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)method were utilized to analyze morphology,crystallinity,chemical bonding,chemical composition and surface area.The surface area and porosity of N-AC increased with increasing NH3 heat treatment.Similarly,the nitrogen content in the N-AC increased from 3.23%to 4.84 at%when the NH3 heat treatment was raised from 700℃ to 800℃.However,the nitrogen content of N-AC decreased to 3.40 at% after using NH3 heat treatment at 900℃.The nitrogen content of KOH-N-AC800 is 5.43 at%.KOH-N-AC800 and N-AC800 exhibited improvements of 33.66% and 26.24%,respectively,in CO_(2) adsorption compared with AC.The enhancement of CO_(2) adsorption of KOH-N-AC800 is attributed to the synergic effect of the nitrogen doping,high surface area,and porosity.The results exhibited that nitrogen sites on the surface play a more significant role in CO_(2) adsorption than surface area and porosity.This work proposes the potential synergistic effect of KOH-activation and nitrogen doping for enhancing the CO_(2) adsorption capacity of activated carbon.
文摘Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries are promisingcandidates for next-generation energy storagegiven their high energy density and potential low cost.Chemically activated carbon(CAC)is often used fortheir cathodes,because it has a high specific surfacearea for sulfur loading.We have developed a pressurizedphysical activation(PPA)method that producedan activated carbon(PPAC)with a high specific surfacearea comparable to that of CAC.The pore structure of PPAC could be changed and its use as a cathode material for Li–Sbatteries was investigated.Battery tests at different capacity rates(C-rates)showed that it had a much improved high-rate performancewith a discharge capacity of 900 mAh/(g of sulfur)at 1 C,in contrast to only 600 mAh/(g of sulfur)for CAC.Porestructure analyses showed that PPAC prepared at a high activation temperature(1000℃)had unusual channel-like mesoporesbetween the microdomains that are the basic structural units of artificial carbon materials.These are connected to microporesdeveloped in each microdomain,and deliver ions from the surroundings to the internal pores and vice versa.The well-developedmicropores and mesopores of PPAC respectively ensured the high adsorption of lithium polysulfides and a high rate ofion diffusion.Compared to CAC,PPAC is a high-performance,low-cost cathode material that is promising for use in futureLi–S batteries.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3504503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274355)the Gansu Province Science and Technology Major Special Project,China(22ZD6GD061).
文摘Precipitation is often used for the preparation of La(OH)_(3)with precipitants of liquid alkali and ammonia.To solve the problems of high cost and wastewater pollution caused by common precipitants,the active MgO synthesized by pyrolysis was used as the precipitant to prepare La(OH)_(3).The species distribution of LaCl_(3)and LaCl_(3)-MgCl_(2)mixed system solution was calculated,and the kinetic analysis of the precipi-tation process was carried out to confirm the key factors influencing the precipitation of La(OH)_(3).The results show that La(OH)_(3)with D_(50)of 5.57μm,a specific surface area of 25.70 m^(2)/g,a rod-like shape,and MgO content of 0.044 wt%,was successfully prepared by adding active MgO.The precipitation ratio of La reaches 99.92%.The La(OH)_(3)precipitation is controlled by the diffusion process.The activity of MgO has a significant influence on MgO content in the precipitate.The preparation of La(OH)_(3)by active MgO provides a potential way for an eco-friendly preparation method of rare earth.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(202203021221303)the Science and Technology Major Project of Shanxi Province(202005D121002)the Science and Technology Cooperation and Communication Project of Shanxi Province(202304041101016)。
文摘Propylene oxide(PO)is an important petrochemical materials used to produce downstream products such as propylene glycol(PG),polyether polyols,and dipropylene glycol(DPG).Among these,DPG is commonly used as a solvent for fragrances,cosmetics,food additives,and detergents,and can also be served as a moisturizer in cosmetics,showing broad application prospects.The distribution of DPG isomers in the products synthesized from PO and PG has a significant impactΔrGΔrHΔfHθΔfGθPO+PG⇌DPG PO+DPG⇌TPG PG+PG⇌DPG+H_(2)O PG+DPG⇌TPG+H_(2)O on the quality of the products.Therefore,conducting thermodynamic calculation on the reaction of PO and PG to synthesize DPG can provide a theoretical basis for practical operations and product distribution regulation.So,in this paper,the thermodynamic parameters of PO,1,2-PG,H_(2)O,tripropylene glycol(TPG)and three isomers of DPG under different reaction conditions is calculated.Additionally,the,and lnK for four potential reactions at various reaction temperatures and pressures are calculated.By designing isodesmic reactions and combining the results of thermodynamic calculations,the and for the isomers of DPG are obtained,and the relative error is less than 7%.The results show that in the process of preparing DPG by PO and PG,when PO∶PG=1,the reaction temperature ranges from 298.15 to 413.15 K,and the pressure ranges from 101.325 to 506.625 kPa,the reactions of and are thermodynamically spontaneous.While the reactions of and are thermodynamically unspontaneous.The optimal reaction temperature and pressure are 413.15 K and 101.325 kPa.The thermodynamic stability of the three isomers is DPG1>DPG2>DPG3 under standard conditions.The accuracy of the computational results is verified through experimental design,and based on this,the factors affecting product distribution are analyzed.
文摘Black nickel coatings have emerged as a research hotspot in materials science due to their excellent performance and broad application prospects.In this study,nickel-based black coatings were fabricated on low-carbon steel substrates via photo-assisted electrodeposition.A systematic investigation was conducted on the effects of cerium ion concentration and nano-ceria(CeO_(2))particle content in the electrolyte on the coating properties,along with an analysis of the temporal evolution of coating’s corrosion resistance.When the cerium ion concentration in the electrolyte was 0.05 mol/L,the coating exhibited a uniform black appearance with a light absorption rate of 95%,an emissivity of 0.87,maximum impedance,and the lowest corrosion tendency,demonstrating optimal comprehensive performance.The coating prepared with a nano-ceria concentration of 6 g/L in the electrolyte exhibited an emissivity of 0.9,achieved a 5B adhesion grade(ASTM D3359-09),and demonstrated a one-order-of-magnitude reduction in corrosion current density compared to coatings fabricated without nano-ceria in the electrolyte.With prolonged storage time,the coating's impedance slightly increased,leading to improved corrosion resistance.
文摘It is crucial to develop arsenic removal adsorbents with strong sulfur resistance under middle-low-temperature flue gas conditions(<400℃).In this work,five Fe-Ce-La oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method,and FeCeLaO/SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) composite adsorbents were prepared by coupling fly ash-based Si-Al carriers.The active components Fe-Ce-La oxides and Si-Al carriers were characterized by TPD,TG,XRF,BET and XPS,respectively.The effects of temperature,Si/Al ratio and FeCeLaO loading rate on the sulfur resistance were investigated.Results show that the SO_(2) promotes the arsenic removal of Fe_(2)O_(3),CeLaO and FeCeLaO.At 400℃,the arsenic removal efficiencies of the three oxides increase from 45.3%,72.5% and 81.3% without SO_(2) to 62.6%,80.5%and 91.0%,respectively.The SO_(2) inhibits the arsenic removal of La_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) and FeLaO,and the inhibition effect is pronounced at high temperatures.The sulfur poisoning resistance of Si-Al carriers increases with the increase of Si/Al ratio.When the Si/Al ratio is increased to 9.74,the arsenic removal efficiency in the SO_(2) environment is 13.9% higher than that in the absence of SO_(2).Introducing FeCeLaO active components is beneficial for enhancing the SO_(2) poisoning resistance of Si-Al carriers.The strong sulfur resistance of the FeCeLaO/SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) composite adsorbent results from multiple factors:protective effects of Ce on Fe,La and Al;sulfation-induced generation of Ce^(3+)and surface-adsorbed oxygen;and strong surface acidity of SiO_(2).
文摘Passiflora incarnata L.,commonly known as passionflower,is traditionally cultivated as an ornamental plant but has demonstrated diverse therapeutic potential.Its pharmacological effects are attributed to bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and alkaloids,which influence multiple biological pathways.This review aims to summarise and critically analyse recent findings on the pharmacological properties of Passiflora incarnata L.,focusing on its neuropsychiatric,antioxidant,antimicrobial,and anticancer activities.A targeted literature search was conducted in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed publications between 2000 to 2025.Relevant articles were screened,and a more appropriate article related to the objective of the review was selected.Some classical papers are also cited as per the requirement of the topic.Passiflora incarnata L.showed multifunctional medicinal properties with various applications in neuropsychiatry,oxidative stress management,antimicrobial agent,and as an anticancer agent.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration categorizes passionflower extracts as“generally recognized as safe”.However,most evidence remains preclinical,with methodological variation limiting generalisation.Standardised formulation,robust clinical trials,and in-depth in vivo studies are essential to establish its therapeutic relevance and safety in modern medicine.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchange special project of Cooperation of Shanxi Province(202404041101014)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202403021212333)+3 种基金the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20555)the Lvliang Key R&D of University-Local Cooperation(2023XDHZ10)the Initiation Fund for Doctoral Research of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology(20242026)the Outstanding Doctor Funding Award of Shanxi Province(20242080).
文摘To elucidate the effect of calcite-regulated activated carbon(AC)structure on low-temperature denitrification performance of SCR catalysts,this work prepared a series of Mn-Ce/De-AC-xCaCO_(3)(x is the calcite content in coal)catalysts were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method,followed by acid washing to remove calcium-containing minerals.Comprehensive characterization and low-temperature denitrification tests revealed that calcite-induced structural modulation of coal-derived AC significantly enhances catalytic activity.Specifically,NO conversion increased from 88.3%of Mn-Ce/De-AC to 91.7%of Mn-Ce/De-AC-1CaCO_(3)(210℃).The improved SCR denitrification activity results from the enhancement of physicochemical properties including higher Mn^(4+)content and Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)ratio,an abundance of chemisorbed oxygen and acidic sites,which could strengthen the SCR reaction pathways(richer NH_(3)activated species and bidentate nitrate active species).Therefore,NO removal is enhanced.
基金Supported by Zhaoqing University-Zhanjiang Institute for Food and Drug Control Joint Laboratory(52).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction process,content determination,and antioxidant properties of flavonoids from Hylocereus undatus(Haw.)Britton&Rose.[Methods]Using H.undatus as the raw material,the effects of ethanol concentration,ultrasonic temperature,time,and solid-to-liquid ratio on the total flavonoid yield were investigated through single-factor and orthogonal experiments.[Results]All factors had a significant effect on the yield.The optimized conditions were determined as follows:ethanol concentration 75%,ultrasonic temperature 60℃,ultrasonic time 30 min,and solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50(g/ml).Under these conditions,the total flavonoid yield reached 3.08%.Evaluation of antioxidant activity revealed that the extract exhibited superior scavenging rates against both DPPH and hydroxyl radicals compared with the standard reference compound BHT.[Conclusions]This study holds significant importance for elucidating the pharmacological mechanisms of flavonoids in H.undatus and for expanding their application in medicine and health products.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52070149)Shaanxi Innovative Research Team for Key Science and Technology(No.2023-CXTD-36)+1 种基金Shaanxi Province Key Program for International S&T Cooperation Projects(No.2024GH-ZDXM-04)the Bureau of Science and Technology of Xi’an City of China(No.23SFSF0011).
文摘Anaerobic ammonia oxidation(Anammox)is an economical and sustainablewastewater nitrogen removal technology,and its application in the mainstream process is the inevitable trend of the development of Anammox.However,how to effectively enriching Anammox bacteria from the activated sludge remains challenging and restricts its extensive applications.In this study,the rapid and efficient enrichment of Anammox bacteriawas achieved by raising the reflux ratio and nitrogen loading rate(NLR)using conventional activated sludge as the inoculant.In the screening phase(days 1–90),the reflux ratio was increased to discharge partial floc sludge,resulting in the relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadiaceae increased from0.04%to 22.54%,which effectively reduced thematrix and spatial competition between other microorganisms and Anammox bacteria.On day 90,the stoichiometric ratio of the Anammox process closely approached the theoretical value of 1:1.32:0.26,indicating that the Anammox reaction was the primary nitrogen removal process in the system.In the enrichment phase(days 91–238),the NLR increased from 0.43 to 1.20 kgN/(m^(3)·d)and removal efficiency was 71.89%,resulting in the relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadiaceae increased to 61.27%on day 180.The reactor operated steadily from days 444 to 498,maintaining the nitrogen removal rate(NRR)of 3.00 kgN/(m^(3)·d)and achieving successful sludge granulation with the particle size of 392.4μm.In short,this study provided a simple and efficient approach for enriching Anammox bacteria from the activated sludge,supporting to start an Anammox process efficiently.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12172093)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2021A1515012607)。
文摘High-entropy oxides(HEOs)have emerged as a promising class of memristive materials,characterized by entropy-stabilized crystal structures,multivalent cation coordination,and tunable defect landscapes.These intrinsic features enable forming-free resistive switching,multilevel conductance modulation,and synaptic plasticity,making HEOs attractive for neuromorphic computing.This review outlines recent progress in HEO-based memristors across materials engineering,switching mechanisms,and synaptic emulation.Particular attention is given to vacancy migration,phase transitions,and valence-state dynamics—mechanisms that underlie the switching behaviors observed in both amorphous and crystalline systems.Their relevance to neuromorphic functions such as short-term plasticity and spike-timing-dependent learning is also examined.While encouraging results have been achieved at the device level,challenges remain in conductance precision,variability control,and scalable integration.Addressing these demands a concerted effort across materials design,interface optimization,and task-aware modeling.With such integration,HEO memristors offer a compelling pathway toward energy-efficient and adaptable brain-inspired electronics.
基金supported by Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(KEIT)grant funded by the Korea Government(MOTIE)(RS-2022-00154720,Technology Innovation Program Development of next-generation power semiconductor based on Si-on-SiC structure)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)by the Korea government(RS-2023-NR076826)Global-Learning&Academic Research Institution for Master's·PhD students,and Postdocs(LAMP)Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)by the Ministry of Education(No.RS-2024-00443714).
文摘Improving device efficiency is fundamental for advancing energy harvesting technology,particularly in systems designed to convert light energy into electrical output.In our previous studies,we developed a basic structure light pressure electric generator(Basic-LPEG),which utilized a layered configuration of Ag/Pb(Zr,Ti)O_(3)(PZT)/Pt/GaAs to generate electricity based on light-induced pressure on the PZT.In this study,we sought to enhance the performance of this Basic-LPEG by introducing Ag nanoparticles/graphene oxide(AgNPs/GO)composite units(NP-LPEG),creating upgraded harvesting device.Specifically,by depositing the AgNPs/GO units twice onto the Basic-LPEG,we observed an increase in output voltage and current from 241 mV and 3.1μA to 310 mV and 9.3μA,respectively,under a solar simulator.The increase in electrical output directly correlated with the intensity of the light pressure impacting the PZT,as well as matched the Raman measurements,finite-difference time-domain simulations,and COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation.Experimental data revealed that the enhancement in electrical output was proportional to the number of hot spots generated between Ag nanoparticles,where the electric field experienced substantial amplification.These results underline the effectiveness of AgNPs/GO units in boosting the light-induced electric generation capacity,thereby providing a promising pathway for high-efficiency energy harvesting devices.
基金the“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2023C01072)the Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou for their financial support。
文摘Poly(phenylene oxide)(PPO)exhibits excellent dielectric properties,making it an ideal substrate for high-frequency,high-speed copper-clad laminates.The phenolic hydroxyl group at the end of PPO plays a key role in its reactivity.Accurately quantifying the phenolic hydroxyl content in PPO is essential but challenging.In this study,we proposed a method for measuring the phenolic hydroxyl content of PPO using differential UV absorption spectroscopy.In alkaline solutions,the phenolic hydroxyl in PPO completely ionizes to form phenoxide ions,leading to a significant increase in UV absorbance at approximately 250 and 300 nm.Notably,the differential UV absorbance at approximately 300 nm was directly proportional to the phenolic hydroxyl concentration.Using 2,6-dimethylphenol as a standard,a calibration curve was established to relate the phenolic hydroxyl concentration to differential UV absorbance at approximately 300 nm,providing a precise and straightforward method for phenolic hydroxyl quantification in PPO with distinct advantages over conventional techniques.
基金financially supported by the International Cooperation Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(No.2023EHA069)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20230807143702005)National Foreign Experts Program(No.G2022027015L)。
文摘Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is one of the most widely used diagnostic techniques.Iron oxide nanoparticles,as a promising kind of contrast agents,have attracted intense research interest due to their low toxicity and superparamagnetism.However,it is still a great challenge to prepare ideal iron oxide based contrast agents with high uniformity,excellent water solubility and biocompatibility.In this paper,a novel water-soluble polymer ligand pentaerythritol tetrakis 3-mercaptopropionate-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)(PTMP-PVP)was used as a capping reagent to prepare iron oxide nanoparticles MIONs@PTMP-PVP through one-step co-precipitation of iron precursors in aqueous solution at 100℃.The obtained nanoparticles MIONs@PTMP-PVP had a small size and narrow size distribution,and they were found to be biocompatible as determined through CCK-8 assay and histology analysis.In vivo MRI study demonstrated that the obtained MIONs@PTMP-PVP can be potentially used as an effective T_(2)-weighted MRI contrast agent.
