The CIIE demonstrates China’s commitment to opening up and cooperation The eighth China International Import Expo(CIIE),held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,once again underscored China’s commitment to deepening i...The CIIE demonstrates China’s commitment to opening up and cooperation The eighth China International Import Expo(CIIE),held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,once again underscored China’s commitment to deepening institutional opening up.展开更多
Purpose: To evaluate open lower limb trauma management in children. Me-thod: We conducted a twelve-month cross-sectional prospective study. Results: Open trauma of lower limb had 7.9% of hospital frequency. Mean age w...Purpose: To evaluate open lower limb trauma management in children. Me-thod: We conducted a twelve-month cross-sectional prospective study. Results: Open trauma of lower limb had 7.9% of hospital frequency. Mean age was 8 years with a sex ratio of 2.45. In 68.4% of cases, trauma occurred in road traffic accidents. Average consultation time was 2.4 hours. Trauma mainly affected the leg in 39.5% of cases, and the thigh in 34.2%. Soft tissue wounds occurred in 52.6% of cases, and open fractures in 47.4%. Average response time was one hour. Wound trimming and suturing were performed in 76.3% of cases and combined with bone nailing in 15.8%. The outcome was favorable in 92.1% of cases. Average hospital stay was 4.37 days. Conclusion: Open trauma to the lower limb is a frequent and occurs mainly in road traffic accidents. Management was early, with a favorable outcome for most patients and a short hospital stay.展开更多
Purpose:This paper focuses on scientific journals’policies on open access and open science.The subject has gained increasing relevance,driven by the need for more-democratic access to knowledge and improved research ...Purpose:This paper focuses on scientific journals’policies on open access and open science.The subject has gained increasing relevance,driven by the need for more-democratic access to knowledge and improved research visibility,which require eliminating the financial,legal,and technical barriers that restrict access to scientific output.Design/methodology/approach:This paper uses the findings of FECYT’s 2023 Assessment of the Editorial and Scientific Quality of Spanish Scientific Journals,with 254 participating journals,as its case study.Open science indicators assess the transparency of policies on content access,reuse,openness,and reproducibility.Nonparametric tests analyse the relationship between the indicators and the dimensions of publisher type and subject area.Findings:High compliance rates are found for indicators related to publication licences and intellectual property rights.Only 37%of the journals examined post their editorial policy on Sherpa Romeo.Ninety-four percent publish open access.However,open peer review is rarely applied(0.38%of the journals).Journals in Communication,Information and Scientific Documentation,Fine Arts,Education Science,and Biomedical Sciences have high compliance percentages.Most journals(83%)are institutional,with universities and associations generally exhibiting better results.Research limitations:This study is based on specific indicators that do not cover all the factors that influence the transition toward open science;for example,editorial culture and technological infrastructure are not envisaged.Furthermore,differences in open science implementation are identified between disciplinary areas and between publisher types,but the underlying causes of these differences are not thoroughly investigated.Future research could address these points for a fuller understanding.Practical implications:This study highlights the need for journals to improve transparency by adopting open peer review and clear policies.These changes enhance accessibility and credibility,fostering inclusive knowledge dissemination.Institutions and policymakers should support these efforts to boost research impact.Originality/value:This study offers insights into open science practices in Spanish journals,a growing academic topic.Its originality lies in examining open science indicators across disciplines and publishers.By identifying strengths and gaps,the study helps journals enhance transparency.展开更多
The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation ...The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation mechanisms,demonstrates the determination and capabilities of Asian countries to promote open cooperation.展开更多
Semantic segmentation is a core task in computer vision that allows AI models to interact and understand their surrounding environment. Similarly to how humans subconsciously segment scenes, this ability is crucial fo...Semantic segmentation is a core task in computer vision that allows AI models to interact and understand their surrounding environment. Similarly to how humans subconsciously segment scenes, this ability is crucial for scene understanding. However, a challenge many semantic learning models face is the lack of data. Existing video datasets are limited to short, low-resolution videos that are not representative of real-world examples. Thus, one of our key contributions is a customized semantic segmentation version of the Walking Tours Dataset that features hour-long, high-resolution, real-world data from tours of different cities. Additionally, we evaluate the performance of open-vocabulary, semantic model OpenSeeD on our own custom dataset and discuss future implications.展开更多
To fully leverage the advantages of mechanization and informatization in tunnel boring machine(TBM)operations,the authors aim to promote the advancement of tunnel construction technology toward intelligent development...To fully leverage the advantages of mechanization and informatization in tunnel boring machine(TBM)operations,the authors aim to promote the advancement of tunnel construction technology toward intelligent development.This involved exploring the deep integration of next-generation artificial intelligence technologies,such as sensing technology,automatic control technology,big data technology,deep learning,and machine vision,with key operational processes,including TBM excavation,direction adjustment,step changes,inverted arch block assembly,material transportation,and operation status assurance.The results of this integration are summarized as follows.(1)TBM key excavation parameter prediction algorithm was developed with an accuracy rate exceeding 90%.The TBM intelligent step-change control algorithm,based on machine vision,achieved an image segmentation accuracy rate of 95%and gripper shoe positioning error of±5 mm.(2)An automatic positioning system for inverted arch blocks was developed,enabling real-time perception of the spatial position and deviation during the assembly process.The system maintains an elevation positioning deviation within±3 mm and a horizontal positioning deviation within±10 mm,reducing the number of surveyors in each work team.(3)A TBM intelligent rail transportation system that achieves real-time human-machine positioning,automatic switch opening and closing,automatic obstacle avoidance,intelligent transportation planning,and integrated scheduling and command was designed.Each locomotive formation reduces one shunter and improves comprehensive transportation efficiency by more than 20%.(4)Intelligent analysis and prediction algorithms were developed to monitor and predict the trends of the hydraulic and gear oil parameters in real time,enhancing the proactive maintenance and system reliability.展开更多
Purpose:For a set of 1,561 Open Access(OA)and non-OA journals in business and economics,this study evaluates the relationships between four citation metrics-five-year Impact Factor(5IF),CiteScore,Article Influence(AI)...Purpose:For a set of 1,561 Open Access(OA)and non-OA journals in business and economics,this study evaluates the relationships between four citation metrics-five-year Impact Factor(5IF),CiteScore,Article Influence(AI)score,and SCImago Journal Rank(SJR)-and the journal ratings assigned by expert reviewers.We expect that the OA journals will have especially high citation impact relative to their perceived quality(reputation).Design/methodology/approach:Regression is used to estimate the ratings assigned by expert reviewers for the 2021 CABS(Chartered Association of Business Schools)journal assessment exercise.The independent variables are the four citation metrics,evaluated separately,and a dummy variable representing the OA/non-OA status of each journal.Findings:Regardless of the citation metric used,OA journals in business and economics have especially high citation impact relative to their perceived quality(reputation).That is,they have especially low perceived quality(reputation)relative to their citation impact.Research limitations:These results are specific to the CABS journal ratings and the four citation metrics.However,there is strong evidence that CABS is closely related to several other expert ratings,and that 5IF,CiteScore,AI,and SJR are representative of the other citation metrics that might have been chosen.Practical implications:There are at least two possible explanations for these results:(1)expert evaluators are biased against OA journals,and(2)OA journals have especially high citation impact due to their increased accessibility.Although this study does not allow us to determine which of these explanations are supported,the results suggest that authors should consider publishing in OA journals whenever overall readership and citation impact are more important than journal reputation within a particular field.Moreover,the OA coefficients provide a useful indicator of the extent to which anti-OA bias(or the citation advantage of OA journals)is diminishing over time.Originality/value:This is apparently the first study to investigate the impact of OA status on the relationships between expert journal ratings and journal citation metrics.展开更多
Open caissons are widely used in foundation engineering because of their load-bearing efficiency and adaptability in diverse soil conditions.However,accurately predicting their undrained bearing capacity in layered so...Open caissons are widely used in foundation engineering because of their load-bearing efficiency and adaptability in diverse soil conditions.However,accurately predicting their undrained bearing capacity in layered soils remains a complex challenge.This study presents a novel application of five ensemble machine(ML)algorithms-random forest(RF),gradient boosting machine(GBM),extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),adaptive boosting(AdaBoost),and categorical boosting(CatBoost)-to predict the undrained bearing capacity factor(Nc)of circular open caissons embedded in two-layered clay on the basis of results from finite element limit analysis(FELA).The input dataset consists of 1188 numerical simulations using the Tresca failure criterion,varying in geometrical and soil parameters.The FELA was performed via OptumG2 software with adaptive meshing techniques and verified against existing benchmark studies.The ML models were trained on 70% of the dataset and tested on the remaining 30%.Their performance was evaluated using six statistical metrics:coefficient of determination(R²),mean absolute error(MAE),root mean squared error(RMSE),index of scatter(IOS),RMSE-to-standard deviation ratio(RSR),and variance explained factor(VAF).The results indicate that all the models achieved high accuracy,with R²values exceeding 97.6%and RMSE values below 0.02.Among them,AdaBoost and CatBoost consistently outperformed the other methods across both the training and testing datasets,demonstrating superior generalizability and robustness.The proposed ML framework offers an efficient,accurate,and data-driven alternative to traditional methods for estimating caisson capacity in stratified soils.This approach can aid in reducing computational costs while improving reliability in the early stages of foundation design.展开更多
Purpose: To understand how authors and reviewers are accepting and embracing Open Peer Review(OPR), one of the newest innovations in the Open Science movement.Design/methodology/approach: This research collected and a...Purpose: To understand how authors and reviewers are accepting and embracing Open Peer Review(OPR), one of the newest innovations in the Open Science movement.Design/methodology/approach: This research collected and analyzed data from the Open Access journal Peer J over its first three years(2013–2016). Web data were scraped, cleaned, and structured using several Web tools and programs. The structured data were imported into a relational database. Data analyses were conducted using analytical tools as well as programs developed by the researchers.Findings: Peer J, which supports optional OPR, has a broad international representation of authors and referees. Approximately 73.89% of articles provide full review histories. Of the articles with published review histories, 17.61% had identities of all reviewers and 52.57% had at least one signed reviewer. In total, 43.23% of all reviews were signed. The observed proportions of signed reviews have been relatively stable over the period since the Journal’s inception.Research limitations: This research is constrained by the availability of the peer review history data. Some peer reviews were not available when the authors opted out of publishing their review histories. The anonymity of reviewers made it impossible to give an accurate count of reviewers who contributed to the review process. Practical implications: These findings shed light on the current characteristics of OPR. Given the policy that authors are encouraged to make their articles’ review history public and referees are encouraged to sign their review reports, the three years of Peer J review data demonstrate that there is still some reluctance by authors to make their reviews public and by reviewers to identify themselves. Originality/value: This is the first study to closely examine Peer J as an example of an OPR model journal. As Open Science moves further towards open research, OPR is a final and critical component. Research in this area must identify the best policies and paths towards a transparent and open peer review process for scientific communication.展开更多
Introduction: Open leg fracture is a diaphyseal or metaphyseal, extra-articular fracture of one or both leg bones, with communication between the fracture site and the external environment. To provide a broader contex...Introduction: Open leg fracture is a diaphyseal or metaphyseal, extra-articular fracture of one or both leg bones, with communication between the fracture site and the external environment. To provide a broader context, studies conducted globally have highlighted the significance of understanding open leg fractures due to their complex management and potential complications. Previous research in Africa and Europe provides comparative data that emphasizes regional differences in fracture types, causes, and treatment outcomes. This study aims to contribute to improving the management of theses fractures in Niger. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive study carried out in the Traumatology-Orthopedics Department of the Zinder National Hospital, Niger, from December 8, 2020 to June 8, 2022 (18 months). We included all patients over 15 years of age in whom an open leg fracture was diagnosed and managed. Inclusion criteria focused on patients aged over 15 years with confirmed diagnoses of open leg fractures. Results: Over an 18-month period, the frequency of open leg fractures was 16.28%. There was a predominance of males (85.93% or n = 116). The average age of patients was 31.79 years. Road accidents were the primary circumstance of occurrence (93.33% or n = 126). The fracture line was simple in 74 patients (54.81%) and complex in 61 cases (45.19%). Surgically, the external fixator was used in 78 cases (57.80%). Postoperative follow-up was mostly straightforward. The main complications were infection (4 cases) and delayed consolidation (4 cases). Conclusion: Open leg fractures in adults are frequent at Zinder National Hospital. Public road accidents were the main cause of occurrence. An external fixator osteosynthesis was the most commonly used surgical option. These findings have important implications for healthcare policy, particularly in improving trauma care infrastructure and road safety initiatives in Niger. Future studies should prioritize the development of standardized treatment protocols and investigate the long-term outcomes of different surgical approaches.展开更多
Spring returns with every thing growing.As the f irst high-level forum held after the Two Sessions,the China Development Forum(hereinaf ter refer red to as the Forum)brought together Chinese and foreign political and ...Spring returns with every thing growing.As the f irst high-level forum held after the Two Sessions,the China Development Forum(hereinaf ter refer red to as the Forum)brought together Chinese and foreign political and business people and became a weathervane for observing China’s economy.展开更多
文摘The CIIE demonstrates China’s commitment to opening up and cooperation The eighth China International Import Expo(CIIE),held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,once again underscored China’s commitment to deepening institutional opening up.
文摘Purpose: To evaluate open lower limb trauma management in children. Me-thod: We conducted a twelve-month cross-sectional prospective study. Results: Open trauma of lower limb had 7.9% of hospital frequency. Mean age was 8 years with a sex ratio of 2.45. In 68.4% of cases, trauma occurred in road traffic accidents. Average consultation time was 2.4 hours. Trauma mainly affected the leg in 39.5% of cases, and the thigh in 34.2%. Soft tissue wounds occurred in 52.6% of cases, and open fractures in 47.4%. Average response time was one hour. Wound trimming and suturing were performed in 76.3% of cases and combined with bone nailing in 15.8%. The outcome was favorable in 92.1% of cases. Average hospital stay was 4.37 days. Conclusion: Open trauma to the lower limb is a frequent and occurs mainly in road traffic accidents. Management was early, with a favorable outcome for most patients and a short hospital stay.
基金funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for project PID2023-149340OB-I00, “Ciencia abierta y ciencia ciudadana para una sociedad más sostenible e inclusiva: aportaciones del Sistema Universitario Espanol”
文摘Purpose:This paper focuses on scientific journals’policies on open access and open science.The subject has gained increasing relevance,driven by the need for more-democratic access to knowledge and improved research visibility,which require eliminating the financial,legal,and technical barriers that restrict access to scientific output.Design/methodology/approach:This paper uses the findings of FECYT’s 2023 Assessment of the Editorial and Scientific Quality of Spanish Scientific Journals,with 254 participating journals,as its case study.Open science indicators assess the transparency of policies on content access,reuse,openness,and reproducibility.Nonparametric tests analyse the relationship between the indicators and the dimensions of publisher type and subject area.Findings:High compliance rates are found for indicators related to publication licences and intellectual property rights.Only 37%of the journals examined post their editorial policy on Sherpa Romeo.Ninety-four percent publish open access.However,open peer review is rarely applied(0.38%of the journals).Journals in Communication,Information and Scientific Documentation,Fine Arts,Education Science,and Biomedical Sciences have high compliance percentages.Most journals(83%)are institutional,with universities and associations generally exhibiting better results.Research limitations:This study is based on specific indicators that do not cover all the factors that influence the transition toward open science;for example,editorial culture and technological infrastructure are not envisaged.Furthermore,differences in open science implementation are identified between disciplinary areas and between publisher types,but the underlying causes of these differences are not thoroughly investigated.Future research could address these points for a fuller understanding.Practical implications:This study highlights the need for journals to improve transparency by adopting open peer review and clear policies.These changes enhance accessibility and credibility,fostering inclusive knowledge dissemination.Institutions and policymakers should support these efforts to boost research impact.Originality/value:This study offers insights into open science practices in Spanish journals,a growing academic topic.Its originality lies in examining open science indicators across disciplines and publishers.By identifying strengths and gaps,the study helps journals enhance transparency.
文摘The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation mechanisms,demonstrates the determination and capabilities of Asian countries to promote open cooperation.
文摘Semantic segmentation is a core task in computer vision that allows AI models to interact and understand their surrounding environment. Similarly to how humans subconsciously segment scenes, this ability is crucial for scene understanding. However, a challenge many semantic learning models face is the lack of data. Existing video datasets are limited to short, low-resolution videos that are not representative of real-world examples. Thus, one of our key contributions is a customized semantic segmentation version of the Walking Tours Dataset that features hour-long, high-resolution, real-world data from tours of different cities. Additionally, we evaluate the performance of open-vocabulary, semantic model OpenSeeD on our own custom dataset and discuss future implications.
文摘To fully leverage the advantages of mechanization and informatization in tunnel boring machine(TBM)operations,the authors aim to promote the advancement of tunnel construction technology toward intelligent development.This involved exploring the deep integration of next-generation artificial intelligence technologies,such as sensing technology,automatic control technology,big data technology,deep learning,and machine vision,with key operational processes,including TBM excavation,direction adjustment,step changes,inverted arch block assembly,material transportation,and operation status assurance.The results of this integration are summarized as follows.(1)TBM key excavation parameter prediction algorithm was developed with an accuracy rate exceeding 90%.The TBM intelligent step-change control algorithm,based on machine vision,achieved an image segmentation accuracy rate of 95%and gripper shoe positioning error of±5 mm.(2)An automatic positioning system for inverted arch blocks was developed,enabling real-time perception of the spatial position and deviation during the assembly process.The system maintains an elevation positioning deviation within±3 mm and a horizontal positioning deviation within±10 mm,reducing the number of surveyors in each work team.(3)A TBM intelligent rail transportation system that achieves real-time human-machine positioning,automatic switch opening and closing,automatic obstacle avoidance,intelligent transportation planning,and integrated scheduling and command was designed.Each locomotive formation reduces one shunter and improves comprehensive transportation efficiency by more than 20%.(4)Intelligent analysis and prediction algorithms were developed to monitor and predict the trends of the hydraulic and gear oil parameters in real time,enhancing the proactive maintenance and system reliability.
文摘Purpose:For a set of 1,561 Open Access(OA)and non-OA journals in business and economics,this study evaluates the relationships between four citation metrics-five-year Impact Factor(5IF),CiteScore,Article Influence(AI)score,and SCImago Journal Rank(SJR)-and the journal ratings assigned by expert reviewers.We expect that the OA journals will have especially high citation impact relative to their perceived quality(reputation).Design/methodology/approach:Regression is used to estimate the ratings assigned by expert reviewers for the 2021 CABS(Chartered Association of Business Schools)journal assessment exercise.The independent variables are the four citation metrics,evaluated separately,and a dummy variable representing the OA/non-OA status of each journal.Findings:Regardless of the citation metric used,OA journals in business and economics have especially high citation impact relative to their perceived quality(reputation).That is,they have especially low perceived quality(reputation)relative to their citation impact.Research limitations:These results are specific to the CABS journal ratings and the four citation metrics.However,there is strong evidence that CABS is closely related to several other expert ratings,and that 5IF,CiteScore,AI,and SJR are representative of the other citation metrics that might have been chosen.Practical implications:There are at least two possible explanations for these results:(1)expert evaluators are biased against OA journals,and(2)OA journals have especially high citation impact due to their increased accessibility.Although this study does not allow us to determine which of these explanations are supported,the results suggest that authors should consider publishing in OA journals whenever overall readership and citation impact are more important than journal reputation within a particular field.Moreover,the OA coefficients provide a useful indicator of the extent to which anti-OA bias(or the citation advantage of OA journals)is diminishing over time.Originality/value:This is apparently the first study to investigate the impact of OA status on the relationships between expert journal ratings and journal citation metrics.
文摘Open caissons are widely used in foundation engineering because of their load-bearing efficiency and adaptability in diverse soil conditions.However,accurately predicting their undrained bearing capacity in layered soils remains a complex challenge.This study presents a novel application of five ensemble machine(ML)algorithms-random forest(RF),gradient boosting machine(GBM),extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),adaptive boosting(AdaBoost),and categorical boosting(CatBoost)-to predict the undrained bearing capacity factor(Nc)of circular open caissons embedded in two-layered clay on the basis of results from finite element limit analysis(FELA).The input dataset consists of 1188 numerical simulations using the Tresca failure criterion,varying in geometrical and soil parameters.The FELA was performed via OptumG2 software with adaptive meshing techniques and verified against existing benchmark studies.The ML models were trained on 70% of the dataset and tested on the remaining 30%.Their performance was evaluated using six statistical metrics:coefficient of determination(R²),mean absolute error(MAE),root mean squared error(RMSE),index of scatter(IOS),RMSE-to-standard deviation ratio(RSR),and variance explained factor(VAF).The results indicate that all the models achieved high accuracy,with R²values exceeding 97.6%and RMSE values below 0.02.Among them,AdaBoost and CatBoost consistently outperformed the other methods across both the training and testing datasets,demonstrating superior generalizability and robustness.The proposed ML framework offers an efficient,accurate,and data-driven alternative to traditional methods for estimating caisson capacity in stratified soils.This approach can aid in reducing computational costs while improving reliability in the early stages of foundation design.
文摘Purpose: To understand how authors and reviewers are accepting and embracing Open Peer Review(OPR), one of the newest innovations in the Open Science movement.Design/methodology/approach: This research collected and analyzed data from the Open Access journal Peer J over its first three years(2013–2016). Web data were scraped, cleaned, and structured using several Web tools and programs. The structured data were imported into a relational database. Data analyses were conducted using analytical tools as well as programs developed by the researchers.Findings: Peer J, which supports optional OPR, has a broad international representation of authors and referees. Approximately 73.89% of articles provide full review histories. Of the articles with published review histories, 17.61% had identities of all reviewers and 52.57% had at least one signed reviewer. In total, 43.23% of all reviews were signed. The observed proportions of signed reviews have been relatively stable over the period since the Journal’s inception.Research limitations: This research is constrained by the availability of the peer review history data. Some peer reviews were not available when the authors opted out of publishing their review histories. The anonymity of reviewers made it impossible to give an accurate count of reviewers who contributed to the review process. Practical implications: These findings shed light on the current characteristics of OPR. Given the policy that authors are encouraged to make their articles’ review history public and referees are encouraged to sign their review reports, the three years of Peer J review data demonstrate that there is still some reluctance by authors to make their reviews public and by reviewers to identify themselves. Originality/value: This is the first study to closely examine Peer J as an example of an OPR model journal. As Open Science moves further towards open research, OPR is a final and critical component. Research in this area must identify the best policies and paths towards a transparent and open peer review process for scientific communication.
文摘Introduction: Open leg fracture is a diaphyseal or metaphyseal, extra-articular fracture of one or both leg bones, with communication between the fracture site and the external environment. To provide a broader context, studies conducted globally have highlighted the significance of understanding open leg fractures due to their complex management and potential complications. Previous research in Africa and Europe provides comparative data that emphasizes regional differences in fracture types, causes, and treatment outcomes. This study aims to contribute to improving the management of theses fractures in Niger. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive study carried out in the Traumatology-Orthopedics Department of the Zinder National Hospital, Niger, from December 8, 2020 to June 8, 2022 (18 months). We included all patients over 15 years of age in whom an open leg fracture was diagnosed and managed. Inclusion criteria focused on patients aged over 15 years with confirmed diagnoses of open leg fractures. Results: Over an 18-month period, the frequency of open leg fractures was 16.28%. There was a predominance of males (85.93% or n = 116). The average age of patients was 31.79 years. Road accidents were the primary circumstance of occurrence (93.33% or n = 126). The fracture line was simple in 74 patients (54.81%) and complex in 61 cases (45.19%). Surgically, the external fixator was used in 78 cases (57.80%). Postoperative follow-up was mostly straightforward. The main complications were infection (4 cases) and delayed consolidation (4 cases). Conclusion: Open leg fractures in adults are frequent at Zinder National Hospital. Public road accidents were the main cause of occurrence. An external fixator osteosynthesis was the most commonly used surgical option. These findings have important implications for healthcare policy, particularly in improving trauma care infrastructure and road safety initiatives in Niger. Future studies should prioritize the development of standardized treatment protocols and investigate the long-term outcomes of different surgical approaches.
文摘Spring returns with every thing growing.As the f irst high-level forum held after the Two Sessions,the China Development Forum(hereinaf ter refer red to as the Forum)brought together Chinese and foreign political and business people and became a weathervane for observing China’s economy.
