Background Increased backfat thickness of sows in early gestation is negative to reproductive performance.Endometrial receptivity is an important determinant of reproductive success,but it is unclear whether the effec...Background Increased backfat thickness of sows in early gestation is negative to reproductive performance.Endometrial receptivity is an important determinant of reproductive success,but it is unclear whether the effect of sow backfat thickness on litter size is associated with endometrial receptivity and whether melatonin treatment may have benefits.The present study seeks to answer these questions through in vitro and in vivo investigations.Results Excessive lipid deposition and lower melatonin levels in the uterus are detrimental to endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation in high backfat thickness sows.In cells treated with melatonin,the MT2/PI3K/LIF axis played a role in reducing lipid accumulation in porcine endometrial epithelium cells and improved endometrial receptivity.Furthermore,we found a reduction of lipids in the uterus after eight weeks of intraperitoneal administration of melatonin to HFD mice.Notably,melatonin treatment caused a significant reduction in the deposition of endometrial collagen,an increase in the number of glands,and repair of the pinopode structure,ultimately improving endometrial receptivity,promoting embryo implantation,and increasing the number of litter size of mice.Conclusions Collectively,the finding reveals the harmful effects of high backfat thickness sows on embryo implantation and highlight the role of melatonin and the MT2/PI3K/LIF axis in improving endometrial receptivity by enhancing metabolism and reducing the levels of uterine lipids in obese animals.展开更多
Investigating the spatial distribution of vegetation in monsoonal-climate-dominated high mountain area and detecting its changes that occurred in paraglacial areas is crucial for understanding the cascading environmen...Investigating the spatial distribution of vegetation in monsoonal-climate-dominated high mountain area and detecting its changes that occurred in paraglacial areas is crucial for understanding the cascading environmental effects of shrinking glaciers.We used Landsat images from 1994 to 2022,obtained landscape distribution patterns of glaciers and vegetation in Mt.Gongga,and detected paraglacial vegetation changes under deglaciating environments.We observed there is a pronounced difference in glacier and vegetation coverage between the eastern and western slopes in Mt.Gongga,the eastern slope occupies 78.68% of vegetation area and 61.02% of glacier area,whilst the western slope occupies lower area.Exaggerate warming accelerated glacier retreat,and proglacial areas are generally characterized by very fast primary succession,resulting in an increase of 0.32 km^(2)in vegetation area within two typical glacier forefields on the eastern slope.The phenomenon of paraglacial slope failure following glacier thinning is widespread in Mt.Gongga,resulting in vegetation area decreased by 0.34 km^(2).Concurrently,the fast retreat of glaciers and changes in ice surface geomorphology have caused rapid dynamics in supraglacial vegetation developed on its lower debris-covered sections.We suggested that rapid changes of temperate glaciers can significantly influence paraglacial landform,leading to rapid dynamic changes of vegetation in a balance between colonization and destruction.展开更多
Objective:Aloin,the main active component in Aloe vera(L.)Burm.f.,has shown promising anti-tumor effects.This study investigated the impact of aloin in lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC)and explored its functional mec...Objective:Aloin,the main active component in Aloe vera(L.)Burm.f.,has shown promising anti-tumor effects.This study investigated the impact of aloin in lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC)and explored its functional mechanism.Methods:We analyzed the viability,migration,invasion,proliferation,and apoptosis of two LUSC cell lines after treatment with aloin.Target molecules of aloin and downstream target transcripts of nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2(NR3C2)were predicted by bioinformatics.The biological functions of NR3C2 and metallothionein 1M(MT1M)in the malignant properties of LUSC cells were determined.A co-culture system of LUSC cells with monocyte-derived macrophages was constructed.Mouse xenograft tumor models were generated to analyze the functions of aloin and NR3C2 in the tumorigenic activity of LUSC cells and macrophage polarization in vivo.Results:Aloin suppressed malignant properties of LUSC cells in vitro.However,these effects were negated by the silencing of NR3C2.NR3C2 was found to activate MT1M transcription by binding to its promoter.Additional upregulation of MT1M suppressed the malignant behavior of LUSC cells augmented by NR3C2 silencing.Analysis of the M1 and M2 markers/cytokines in the macrophages or the culture supernatant revealed that aloin treatment or MT1M overexpression in LUSC cells enhanced M1 polarization while suppressing M2 polarization of macrophages,whereas NR3C2 silencing led to reverse trends.Consistent findings were reproduced in vivo.Conclusion:This study demonstrated that aloin activates the NR3C2/MT1M axis to suppress the malignant behavior of LUSC cells and M2 macrophage polarization.Please cite this article as:Chen YN,Lu JY,Gao CF,Fang ZR,Zhou Y.Aloin blocks the malignant behavior of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells and M2 macrophage polarization by modulating the NR3C2/MT1M axis.展开更多
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-35-PIG)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272847,U22A20516)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFF1000602)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2022ZDLNY01–04)。
文摘Background Increased backfat thickness of sows in early gestation is negative to reproductive performance.Endometrial receptivity is an important determinant of reproductive success,but it is unclear whether the effect of sow backfat thickness on litter size is associated with endometrial receptivity and whether melatonin treatment may have benefits.The present study seeks to answer these questions through in vitro and in vivo investigations.Results Excessive lipid deposition and lower melatonin levels in the uterus are detrimental to endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation in high backfat thickness sows.In cells treated with melatonin,the MT2/PI3K/LIF axis played a role in reducing lipid accumulation in porcine endometrial epithelium cells and improved endometrial receptivity.Furthermore,we found a reduction of lipids in the uterus after eight weeks of intraperitoneal administration of melatonin to HFD mice.Notably,melatonin treatment caused a significant reduction in the deposition of endometrial collagen,an increase in the number of glands,and repair of the pinopode structure,ultimately improving endometrial receptivity,promoting embryo implantation,and increasing the number of litter size of mice.Conclusions Collectively,the finding reveals the harmful effects of high backfat thickness sows on embryo implantation and highlight the role of melatonin and the MT2/PI3K/LIF axis in improving endometrial receptivity by enhancing metabolism and reducing the levels of uterine lipids in obese animals.
基金Science and Technology Research Program of Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.IMHE-CXTD-02,No.IMHE-ZDRW-06。
文摘Investigating the spatial distribution of vegetation in monsoonal-climate-dominated high mountain area and detecting its changes that occurred in paraglacial areas is crucial for understanding the cascading environmental effects of shrinking glaciers.We used Landsat images from 1994 to 2022,obtained landscape distribution patterns of glaciers and vegetation in Mt.Gongga,and detected paraglacial vegetation changes under deglaciating environments.We observed there is a pronounced difference in glacier and vegetation coverage between the eastern and western slopes in Mt.Gongga,the eastern slope occupies 78.68% of vegetation area and 61.02% of glacier area,whilst the western slope occupies lower area.Exaggerate warming accelerated glacier retreat,and proglacial areas are generally characterized by very fast primary succession,resulting in an increase of 0.32 km^(2)in vegetation area within two typical glacier forefields on the eastern slope.The phenomenon of paraglacial slope failure following glacier thinning is widespread in Mt.Gongga,resulting in vegetation area decreased by 0.34 km^(2).Concurrently,the fast retreat of glaciers and changes in ice surface geomorphology have caused rapid dynamics in supraglacial vegetation developed on its lower debris-covered sections.We suggested that rapid changes of temperate glaciers can significantly influence paraglacial landform,leading to rapid dynamic changes of vegetation in a balance between colonization and destruction.
基金Financial support was provided by the Research Start-up Funding of Changzhou University(No.ZMF19020381)。
文摘Objective:Aloin,the main active component in Aloe vera(L.)Burm.f.,has shown promising anti-tumor effects.This study investigated the impact of aloin in lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC)and explored its functional mechanism.Methods:We analyzed the viability,migration,invasion,proliferation,and apoptosis of two LUSC cell lines after treatment with aloin.Target molecules of aloin and downstream target transcripts of nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2(NR3C2)were predicted by bioinformatics.The biological functions of NR3C2 and metallothionein 1M(MT1M)in the malignant properties of LUSC cells were determined.A co-culture system of LUSC cells with monocyte-derived macrophages was constructed.Mouse xenograft tumor models were generated to analyze the functions of aloin and NR3C2 in the tumorigenic activity of LUSC cells and macrophage polarization in vivo.Results:Aloin suppressed malignant properties of LUSC cells in vitro.However,these effects were negated by the silencing of NR3C2.NR3C2 was found to activate MT1M transcription by binding to its promoter.Additional upregulation of MT1M suppressed the malignant behavior of LUSC cells augmented by NR3C2 silencing.Analysis of the M1 and M2 markers/cytokines in the macrophages or the culture supernatant revealed that aloin treatment or MT1M overexpression in LUSC cells enhanced M1 polarization while suppressing M2 polarization of macrophages,whereas NR3C2 silencing led to reverse trends.Consistent findings were reproduced in vivo.Conclusion:This study demonstrated that aloin activates the NR3C2/MT1M axis to suppress the malignant behavior of LUSC cells and M2 macrophage polarization.Please cite this article as:Chen YN,Lu JY,Gao CF,Fang ZR,Zhou Y.Aloin blocks the malignant behavior of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells and M2 macrophage polarization by modulating the NR3C2/MT1M axis.
