This paper makes an approach to the approximate optimum in structural design,which combines the global response surface（GRS） based multivariate adaptive regression splines（MARS） with Move-Limit strategy（MLS）.MAR...This paper makes an approach to the approximate optimum in structural design,which combines the global response surface（GRS） based multivariate adaptive regression splines（MARS） with Move-Limit strategy（MLS）.MARS is an adaptive regression process,which fits in with the multidimensional problems.It adopts a modified recursive partitioning strategy to simplify high-dimensional problems into smaller highly accurate models.MLS for moving and resizing the search sub-regions is employed in the space of design variables.The quality of the approximation functions and the convergence history of the optimization process are reflected in MLS.The disadvantages of the conventional response surface method（RSM） have been avoided,specifically,highly nonlinear high-dimensional problems.The GRS/MARS with MLS is applied to a high-dimensional test function and an engineering problem to demonstrate its feasibility and convergence,and compared with quadratic response surface（QRS） models in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy.展开更多
目的:鼻咽癌发病位置隐匿导致早期诊断率低,且具有明显的地域聚集性,是中国一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在通过2021年全球疾病负担(the Global Burden of Diseases,GBD)数据库分析中国鼻咽癌的疾病负担,为鼻咽癌的精准防控提供流...目的:鼻咽癌发病位置隐匿导致早期诊断率低,且具有明显的地域聚集性,是中国一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在通过2021年全球疾病负担(the Global Burden of Diseases,GBD)数据库分析中国鼻咽癌的疾病负担,为鼻咽癌的精准防控提供流行病学依据。方法:选取年龄标化发病率、病死率、伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted life year,DALY)率作为疾病负担的评价指标,按照不同年龄、性别、社会人口学指数及其相关危险因素进行分层分析,同时应用差分自回归移动平均(autoregressive integrated moving average,ARIMA)模型和贝叶斯年龄-时期-队列分析模型(Bayesian age-period-cohort,BAPC)将年龄标化发病率预测至2050年。结果:2021年中国鼻咽癌年龄标化发病率、病死率、DALY率分别为3.4/10万、1.5/10万、48.7/10万,均高于同期全球水平。在所有年龄段,中国男性年龄标化发病率、病死率、DALY率均高于女性。中国鼻咽癌的疾病负担从1990至2021年随着社会人口学指数(socio-demographic index,SDI)的增高逐渐降低。中国归因于饮酒、吸烟、职业甲醛暴露的鼻咽癌疾病负担占比均高于全球水平,且在男性中尤为显著。模型预测中国及全球男性、女性、全人群的年龄标化发病率均提示从2022至2050年呈上升趋势。结论:既往30年中国鼻咽癌的疾病负担随着SDI的升高逐渐降低,但仍高于同期全球水平。同时,中国鼻咽癌的年龄标化发病率在未来30年呈上升趋势。中国仍需进一步增加医疗资源的投入以应对鼻咽癌的防控与诊疗,尤其针对高风险男性群体。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50775084)the National Hightechnology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2006AA04Z121)
文摘This paper makes an approach to the approximate optimum in structural design,which combines the global response surface（GRS） based multivariate adaptive regression splines（MARS） with Move-Limit strategy（MLS）.MARS is an adaptive regression process,which fits in with the multidimensional problems.It adopts a modified recursive partitioning strategy to simplify high-dimensional problems into smaller highly accurate models.MLS for moving and resizing the search sub-regions is employed in the space of design variables.The quality of the approximation functions and the convergence history of the optimization process are reflected in MLS.The disadvantages of the conventional response surface method（RSM） have been avoided,specifically,highly nonlinear high-dimensional problems.The GRS/MARS with MLS is applied to a high-dimensional test function and an engineering problem to demonstrate its feasibility and convergence,and compared with quadratic response surface（QRS） models in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy.
文摘目的:鼻咽癌发病位置隐匿导致早期诊断率低,且具有明显的地域聚集性,是中国一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在通过2021年全球疾病负担(the Global Burden of Diseases,GBD)数据库分析中国鼻咽癌的疾病负担,为鼻咽癌的精准防控提供流行病学依据。方法:选取年龄标化发病率、病死率、伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted life year,DALY)率作为疾病负担的评价指标,按照不同年龄、性别、社会人口学指数及其相关危险因素进行分层分析,同时应用差分自回归移动平均(autoregressive integrated moving average,ARIMA)模型和贝叶斯年龄-时期-队列分析模型(Bayesian age-period-cohort,BAPC)将年龄标化发病率预测至2050年。结果:2021年中国鼻咽癌年龄标化发病率、病死率、DALY率分别为3.4/10万、1.5/10万、48.7/10万,均高于同期全球水平。在所有年龄段,中国男性年龄标化发病率、病死率、DALY率均高于女性。中国鼻咽癌的疾病负担从1990至2021年随着社会人口学指数(socio-demographic index,SDI)的增高逐渐降低。中国归因于饮酒、吸烟、职业甲醛暴露的鼻咽癌疾病负担占比均高于全球水平,且在男性中尤为显著。模型预测中国及全球男性、女性、全人群的年龄标化发病率均提示从2022至2050年呈上升趋势。结论:既往30年中国鼻咽癌的疾病负担随着SDI的升高逐渐降低,但仍高于同期全球水平。同时,中国鼻咽癌的年龄标化发病率在未来30年呈上升趋势。中国仍需进一步增加医疗资源的投入以应对鼻咽癌的防控与诊疗,尤其针对高风险男性群体。
