The serum levels of IL-12 and IL-10 in mice after infected with Babesia microti （B. microti） and Babesia rodhaini （B. rodhaini） were examined. Collected the mice serum and examined the concentration of IL-12 and I...The serum levels of IL-12 and IL-10 in mice after infected with Babesia microti （B. microti） and Babesia rodhaini （B. rodhaini） were examined. Collected the mice serum and examined the concentration of IL-12 and IL-10 by using ELISA after infection with B. microti and B. rodhaini at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72, 96 h in mice. The results showed that B. microti infection resulted in IL-12 increasing, which peaked at 3 and 24 h after the infection, while same infection did not induce a significant change in IL-10 compared to uninfected mice. When mice were infected with B. rodhaini, any significant changes were not decteted both in IL-12 and IL-10 in comparison with uninfected animals during the period of 3-72 h after infection. Instead, a significant decline in IL-12 and IL-10 was found compared to uninfected mice 96 h after infection with B. rodhaini. It indicates that the mutagenetic cytokine is IL-12 in the serum of mice after infection with B. microti, and no any significant changes were detected in both IL-12 and IL-10 from 0 to 72 h after infected with B. rodhaini.展开更多
Background Human babesiosis,caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Babesia(Piroplasmida,Babesiidae),is a globally emerging zoonosis transmitted primarily through Ixodes spp.ticks.Babesia microti,which is en...Background Human babesiosis,caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Babesia(Piroplasmida,Babesiidae),is a globally emerging zoonosis transmitted primarily through Ixodes spp.ticks.Babesia microti,which is endemic particularly in the northeastern and midwestern United States,accounts for the majority of globally reported human cases.Recent studies highlight its spread to non-traditional regions and cross-border transmission,driven by climate change,blood transfusions and increased human mobility.Despite increasing reports of autochthonous B.microti infections in certain areas of China,imported cases remain critically underrecognized due to overlapping clinical manifestations with malaria and limited diagnostic awareness.Case presentation We report a diagnostically challenging case of acute B.microti infection in a 52-year-old Chinese woman,presenting with a sudden recurrent fever(39.0–41.0℃),hemolytic anemia(hemoglobin 104 g/L),thrombocytopenia(platelet 78×10^(9)/L)and splenic hypodense lesions on July 11,2023,seven days after returning from a 14-day visit to rural Wisconsin,United States.Peripheral blood smears demonstrated characteristic intraerythrocytic ring forms(parasitemia:7800 organisms/μl)and pathognomonic"Maltese cross"tetrads.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)targeting the 18S rRNA gene confirmed B.microti infection(GenBank No.PP087232),showing 99.8%identity with the US-type strain Gray(AY693840)and the sequence obtained from a US travel-acquired case in Singapore(MK609547).The patient received intravenous clindamycin(600 mg twice daily),oral dihydroartemisinin(80 mg twice daily),packed red blood cell transfusions,and supportive care,ultimately achieving full recovery after 17 days.Conclusions This study documented the first imported cases of human babesiosis in China,emphasizing the need for heightened clinical and public health vigilance.Screening travelers from endemic areas presenting with fever or hemolytic anemia for Babesia,bolstering molecular diagnosis,improving transfusion safety,and intensifying regional surveillance are crucial in reducing underdiagnosis and preventing transmission.These measures are essential for controlling babesiosis in China.展开更多
Background: Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic infectious disease.Babesia microti is responsible for most cases of human babesiosis globally.It is important to investigate the prevalence of B.microti in the...Background: Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic infectious disease.Babesia microti is responsible for most cases of human babesiosis globally.It is important to investigate the prevalence of B.microti in the mammalian host population of a specific region in order to elucidate mechanisms of pathogen transmission and to define geographic areas where humans face the greatest risk of exposure.The aim of this study is to understand the prevalence and genotypes of B.microti in the small mammals that are found in Beijing,China.Methods:: We trapped small mammals from all of the 16 urban,suburban,and outer suburban districts of Beijing during the years 2014,2017 and 2018.Genomic DNA was extracted from the heart tissues individually and the Babesia 18S rRNA gene was detected by PCR.The genotypes of B.microti were identified based on sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis.The morphology of the parasites was observed under light microscopy.The risk factors were analyzed statistically based on both univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression.Results: A total of 1391 small mammals were collected.Positive infection of B.microti was detected in 12.1%(168/1391)of small mammals from 15 out of the 16 districts.Both Kobe-type and U.S.-type B.microti,accounting for 9.5%and 2.7%,respectively,were identified.Classic diverse morphologic forms of B.microti were observed.Specific types of ecological habitats including shrub areas,broad-leaved forest,and cropland were revealed to be risk factors associated with B.microti infection.Conclusions: This study demonstrated the wide prevalence of B.microti infection in eight species of small mammals in Beijing,with Kobe-type more prevalent than U.S.-type.This study provides fundamental information for the development of informed prevention and control measures by public health authorities;the data gathered indicates a need for further monitoring of both clinical diseases in individuals presenting with babesiosis-like symptoms,as well as the infection status of ticks in high risk areas.展开更多
文摘The serum levels of IL-12 and IL-10 in mice after infected with Babesia microti （B. microti） and Babesia rodhaini （B. rodhaini） were examined. Collected the mice serum and examined the concentration of IL-12 and IL-10 by using ELISA after infection with B. microti and B. rodhaini at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72, 96 h in mice. The results showed that B. microti infection resulted in IL-12 increasing, which peaked at 3 and 24 h after the infection, while same infection did not induce a significant change in IL-10 compared to uninfected mice. When mice were infected with B. rodhaini, any significant changes were not decteted both in IL-12 and IL-10 in comparison with uninfected animals during the period of 3-72 h after infection. Instead, a significant decline in IL-12 and IL-10 was found compared to uninfected mice 96 h after infection with B. rodhaini. It indicates that the mutagenetic cytokine is IL-12 in the serum of mice after infection with B. microti, and no any significant changes were detected in both IL-12 and IL-10 from 0 to 72 h after infected with B. rodhaini.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFC2607504).
文摘Background Human babesiosis,caused by intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Babesia(Piroplasmida,Babesiidae),is a globally emerging zoonosis transmitted primarily through Ixodes spp.ticks.Babesia microti,which is endemic particularly in the northeastern and midwestern United States,accounts for the majority of globally reported human cases.Recent studies highlight its spread to non-traditional regions and cross-border transmission,driven by climate change,blood transfusions and increased human mobility.Despite increasing reports of autochthonous B.microti infections in certain areas of China,imported cases remain critically underrecognized due to overlapping clinical manifestations with malaria and limited diagnostic awareness.Case presentation We report a diagnostically challenging case of acute B.microti infection in a 52-year-old Chinese woman,presenting with a sudden recurrent fever(39.0–41.0℃),hemolytic anemia(hemoglobin 104 g/L),thrombocytopenia(platelet 78×10^(9)/L)and splenic hypodense lesions on July 11,2023,seven days after returning from a 14-day visit to rural Wisconsin,United States.Peripheral blood smears demonstrated characteristic intraerythrocytic ring forms(parasitemia:7800 organisms/μl)and pathognomonic"Maltese cross"tetrads.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)targeting the 18S rRNA gene confirmed B.microti infection(GenBank No.PP087232),showing 99.8%identity with the US-type strain Gray(AY693840)and the sequence obtained from a US travel-acquired case in Singapore(MK609547).The patient received intravenous clindamycin(600 mg twice daily),oral dihydroartemisinin(80 mg twice daily),packed red blood cell transfusions,and supportive care,ultimately achieving full recovery after 17 days.Conclusions This study documented the first imported cases of human babesiosis in China,emphasizing the need for heightened clinical and public health vigilance.Screening travelers from endemic areas presenting with fever or hemolytic anemia for Babesia,bolstering molecular diagnosis,improving transfusion safety,and intensifying regional surveillance are crucial in reducing underdiagnosis and preventing transmission.These measures are essential for controlling babesiosis in China.
文摘Background: Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic infectious disease.Babesia microti is responsible for most cases of human babesiosis globally.It is important to investigate the prevalence of B.microti in the mammalian host population of a specific region in order to elucidate mechanisms of pathogen transmission and to define geographic areas where humans face the greatest risk of exposure.The aim of this study is to understand the prevalence and genotypes of B.microti in the small mammals that are found in Beijing,China.Methods:: We trapped small mammals from all of the 16 urban,suburban,and outer suburban districts of Beijing during the years 2014,2017 and 2018.Genomic DNA was extracted from the heart tissues individually and the Babesia 18S rRNA gene was detected by PCR.The genotypes of B.microti were identified based on sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis.The morphology of the parasites was observed under light microscopy.The risk factors were analyzed statistically based on both univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression.Results: A total of 1391 small mammals were collected.Positive infection of B.microti was detected in 12.1%(168/1391)of small mammals from 15 out of the 16 districts.Both Kobe-type and U.S.-type B.microti,accounting for 9.5%and 2.7%,respectively,were identified.Classic diverse morphologic forms of B.microti were observed.Specific types of ecological habitats including shrub areas,broad-leaved forest,and cropland were revealed to be risk factors associated with B.microti infection.Conclusions: This study demonstrated the wide prevalence of B.microti infection in eight species of small mammals in Beijing,with Kobe-type more prevalent than U.S.-type.This study provides fundamental information for the development of informed prevention and control measures by public health authorities;the data gathered indicates a need for further monitoring of both clinical diseases in individuals presenting with babesiosis-like symptoms,as well as the infection status of ticks in high risk areas.
