On the basis of the in situ data of DO2, pH, SiO2. PO4-P, NO3-N and NO2-N collected in the north of the East China Sea during 1987-1988, the following points are mainly expounded.1.The inorgonic nutrients are obviousl...On the basis of the in situ data of DO2, pH, SiO2. PO4-P, NO3-N and NO2-N collected in the north of the East China Sea during 1987-1988, the following points are mainly expounded.1.The inorgonic nutrients are obviously affected by continent runoff in the north of the East China Sea. Their distributions are characteristic of its distribution of terrigenous materials.2.There are three transport paths of nutrients from the shelf to the Kuroshio area. The first is mixing-diffusing-advec-tion and upwelling process, the process of biology and biochemistry belongs to the second, and the sinking process is the last one.3.The swing of the Kuroshio axis affectes both the range of the migration of substances through mixing-diffusing-advec-tion process and the upwelling degree of the subsurface Kuroshio water to the shelf.4.Most part of the substances sink as macroparticles to the deep layer before reaching the Kuroshio area.展开更多
A plastic plate with surface micro features was injection molded to investigate the effect of pressure rise of melt on the replication of the micro structures. Prism pattern, which is used in many optical applications...A plastic plate with surface micro features was injection molded to investigate the effect of pressure rise of melt on the replication of the micro structures. Prism pattern, which is used in many optical applications, was selected as a model pattern. The prism pattern is 50 μm in pitch and 108° in the vertical angle. The overall size of the plate was 335 minx213 mm and the thickness of the plate varied linearly from 2.6 mm to 0.7 ram. The prism pattern was firstly machined on the nickel plated core block using micro diamond tool and this machined pattern core was installed in a mold for injection molding of prism patterned plate. Polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） was used as a molding material. The pressure and temperature of the melt in the cavity were measured at different positions in the cavity and the replication of the pattern was also measured at the same positions. The results show that the pressure or temperature profile through the process depends on the shape and the size of the plate. The replication is affected by the temperature and pressure profiles at the early stage of filling, which is right after the melt reaches the position to be measured.展开更多
A novel fabrication process for micro patterns with curvature was introduced. The curved structures were made by compensating rectangular micro structures with liquid photoresist layer. Because of the surface tension ...A novel fabrication process for micro patterns with curvature was introduced. The curved structures were made by compensating rectangular micro structures with liquid photoresist layer. Because of the surface tension of the liquid in micro scale, various shapes of meniscus can he made on the micro channels. The micro channels were made on the silicon suhstrate in advance, and then the liquid layer was coated on the micro channels. From the nature of liquid behavior, the curved patterns with smooth surface are obtained, which cannot be made easily with the conventional mechanical machining, as well as with the microfabrication processes, such as wet and dry etching. With this principle, it is expected that the smooth and curved surfaces can be made by simple processes and the results can be applied widely, such as optical patterns.展开更多
Transient electronics,which can be controllably broken down with zero environmental impact,hold significant potential in implantable devices,hardware security,and disposable sensors.While miniaturization is essential ...Transient electronics,which can be controllably broken down with zero environmental impact,hold significant potential in implantable devices,hardware security,and disposable sensors.While miniaturization is essential for enhancing device performance,increasing integration density,and enabling new applications,degradable materials often face challenges with conventional microfabrication processes like lithography due to their sensitivity to heat and solvents.In this paper,we present a UV photodetector(PD)with micro-scale patterning,fabricated using a novel solvent-free material patterning method.The PD,consisting of molybdenum(Mo)as the electrode,zinc oxide(ZnO)as the photoactive material,and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)as the substrate,can be dissolved in deionized(DI)water,leaving behind non-toxic byproducts.The device exhibits high responsivity over 50 A/W and an obvious response to varying sunlight intensities,demonstrating its potential for temporary,eco-friendly UV sensing applications.Additionally,we demonstrated that the photoresist used in the solvent-free material patterning method can be reused for subsequent fabrication while maintaining good registration,enhancing efficiency and reducing material waste.This approach provides a scalable and high-efficiency microfabrication strategy for integrating functional materials into unconventional platforms,offering broader applicability in next-generation transient,biodegradable,and flexible sensor technologies.展开更多
The wedge strip anode （WSA） has been widely used in 2-D positiomsensitive detectors. A circular WSA with an effective diameter of 52 mm is successfully coupled to a tripe gas electron multiplier （GEM） detector thr...The wedge strip anode （WSA） has been widely used in 2-D positiomsensitive detectors. A circular WSA with an effective diameter of 52 mm is successfully coupled to a tripe gas electron multiplier （GEM） detector through a simple resistive layer. A spatial resolution of 440 μm （FWHM） is achieved for a 10 kVp X-ray using 1 atm Ar：CO2=70：30 gas. The simple electronics of only three channels makes it very useful in applications strongly requiring simple interface design, e.g. sealed tubes and high pressure detectors.展开更多
Here we describe a plasmon-enhanced fluorescence substrate based on poly（methyl methacrylate） （PMMA）-coated, large-area Au@Ag nanorod arrays. The use of a PMMA medium enables precise control of the competition bet...Here we describe a plasmon-enhanced fluorescence substrate based on poly（methyl methacrylate） （PMMA）-coated, large-area Au@Ag nanorod arrays. The use of a PMMA medium enables precise control of the competition between enhancing and quenching processes as a function of the distance between Au@Ag nanorods and dye molecules. At the optimal PMMA layer thickness of 56 nm （for which the distance between nanopartides and dye molecules is 16 nm）, a maximum enhancement of fluorescence of up to N 27 times is measured. The competition mechanism between enhancing and quenching processes depends on the thickness of the PMMA layer, which has been confirmed by consistent experimental and theoretical modeling results. Notab136 the micropatterned metal-enhanced fluorescence （MEF） substrate exhibits high uniformity and reproducibility. The simple spin-coating process described herein provides an attractive, scalable, and low-cost strategy to produce uniform and reproducible large-area MEF substrates that can potentially be used in many fields, such as biochips, diagnostics, and photonics.展开更多
文摘On the basis of the in situ data of DO2, pH, SiO2. PO4-P, NO3-N and NO2-N collected in the north of the East China Sea during 1987-1988, the following points are mainly expounded.1.The inorgonic nutrients are obviously affected by continent runoff in the north of the East China Sea. Their distributions are characteristic of its distribution of terrigenous materials.2.There are three transport paths of nutrients from the shelf to the Kuroshio area. The first is mixing-diffusing-advec-tion and upwelling process, the process of biology and biochemistry belongs to the second, and the sinking process is the last one.3.The swing of the Kuroshio axis affectes both the range of the migration of substances through mixing-diffusing-advec-tion process and the upwelling degree of the subsurface Kuroshio water to the shelf.4.Most part of the substances sink as macroparticles to the deep layer before reaching the Kuroshio area.
基金Project supported by Development of Large Surface Micro-Machining System Technology of Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Korea
文摘A plastic plate with surface micro features was injection molded to investigate the effect of pressure rise of melt on the replication of the micro structures. Prism pattern, which is used in many optical applications, was selected as a model pattern. The prism pattern is 50 μm in pitch and 108° in the vertical angle. The overall size of the plate was 335 minx213 mm and the thickness of the plate varied linearly from 2.6 mm to 0.7 ram. The prism pattern was firstly machined on the nickel plated core block using micro diamond tool and this machined pattern core was installed in a mold for injection molding of prism patterned plate. Polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） was used as a molding material. The pressure and temperature of the melt in the cavity were measured at different positions in the cavity and the replication of the pattern was also measured at the same positions. The results show that the pressure or temperature profile through the process depends on the shape and the size of the plate. The replication is affected by the temperature and pressure profiles at the early stage of filling, which is right after the melt reaches the position to be measured.
基金the support of Ministry of Knowledge and Economy through Strategic Technology Development ProjectConversing Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
文摘A novel fabrication process for micro patterns with curvature was introduced. The curved structures were made by compensating rectangular micro structures with liquid photoresist layer. Because of the surface tension of the liquid in micro scale, various shapes of meniscus can he made on the micro channels. The micro channels were made on the silicon suhstrate in advance, and then the liquid layer was coated on the micro channels. From the nature of liquid behavior, the curved patterns with smooth surface are obtained, which cannot be made easily with the conventional mechanical machining, as well as with the microfabrication processes, such as wet and dry etching. With this principle, it is expected that the smooth and curved surfaces can be made by simple processes and the results can be applied widely, such as optical patterns.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52375580)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515011397)+2 种基金the Department of Education of Guangdong Province(No.2023ZDZX1036)the Guangzhou-HKUST(GZ)Joint Funding Program(No.2023A03J0688)the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Scheme(No.2024A04J6466).
文摘Transient electronics,which can be controllably broken down with zero environmental impact,hold significant potential in implantable devices,hardware security,and disposable sensors.While miniaturization is essential for enhancing device performance,increasing integration density,and enabling new applications,degradable materials often face challenges with conventional microfabrication processes like lithography due to their sensitivity to heat and solvents.In this paper,we present a UV photodetector(PD)with micro-scale patterning,fabricated using a novel solvent-free material patterning method.The PD,consisting of molybdenum(Mo)as the electrode,zinc oxide(ZnO)as the photoactive material,and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)as the substrate,can be dissolved in deionized(DI)water,leaving behind non-toxic byproducts.The device exhibits high responsivity over 50 A/W and an obvious response to varying sunlight intensities,demonstrating its potential for temporary,eco-friendly UV sensing applications.Additionally,we demonstrated that the photoresist used in the solvent-free material patterning method can be reused for subsequent fabrication while maintaining good registration,enhancing efficiency and reducing material waste.This approach provides a scalable and high-efficiency microfabrication strategy for integrating functional materials into unconventional platforms,offering broader applicability in next-generation transient,biodegradable,and flexible sensor technologies.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10735020, 11075026)
文摘The wedge strip anode （WSA） has been widely used in 2-D positiomsensitive detectors. A circular WSA with an effective diameter of 52 mm is successfully coupled to a tripe gas electron multiplier （GEM） detector through a simple resistive layer. A spatial resolution of 440 μm （FWHM） is achieved for a 10 kVp X-ray using 1 atm Ar：CO2=70：30 gas. The simple electronics of only three channels makes it very useful in applications strongly requiring simple interface design, e.g. sealed tubes and high pressure detectors.
文摘Here we describe a plasmon-enhanced fluorescence substrate based on poly（methyl methacrylate） （PMMA）-coated, large-area Au@Ag nanorod arrays. The use of a PMMA medium enables precise control of the competition between enhancing and quenching processes as a function of the distance between Au@Ag nanorods and dye molecules. At the optimal PMMA layer thickness of 56 nm （for which the distance between nanopartides and dye molecules is 16 nm）, a maximum enhancement of fluorescence of up to N 27 times is measured. The competition mechanism between enhancing and quenching processes depends on the thickness of the PMMA layer, which has been confirmed by consistent experimental and theoretical modeling results. Notab136 the micropatterned metal-enhanced fluorescence （MEF） substrate exhibits high uniformity and reproducibility. The simple spin-coating process described herein provides an attractive, scalable, and low-cost strategy to produce uniform and reproducible large-area MEF substrates that can potentially be used in many fields, such as biochips, diagnostics, and photonics.
