Objective Evidence suggests that depleted gut microbialα-diversity is associated with hypertension;however,whether metabolic markers affect this relationship remains unknown.We aimed to determine the potential metabo...Objective Evidence suggests that depleted gut microbialα-diversity is associated with hypertension;however,whether metabolic markers affect this relationship remains unknown.We aimed to determine the potential metabolites mediating the associations ofα-diversity with blood pressure(BP)and BP variability(BPV).Methods Metagenomics and plasma targeted metabolomics were conducted on 523 Chinese participants from the MetaSalt study.The 24-hour,daytime,and nighttime BP and BPV were calculated based on ambulatory BP measurements.Linear mixed models were used to characterize the relationships betweenα-diversity(Shannon and Chao1 index)and BP indices.Mediation analyses were performed to assess the contribution of metabolites to the observed associations.The influence of key metabolites on hypertension was further evaluated in a prospective cohort of 2,169 participants.Results Gut microbial richness(Chao1)was negatively associated with 24-hour systolic BP,daytime systolic BP,daytime diastolic BP,24-hour systolic BPV,and nighttime systolic BPV(P<0.05).Moreover,26 metabolites were strongly associated with richness(Bonferroni P<0.05).Among them,four key metabolites(imidazole propionate,2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid,homovanillic acid,and hydrocinnamic acid)mediated the associations between richness and BP indices(proportions of mediating effects:14.1%–67.4%).These key metabolites were also associated with hypertension in the prospective cohort.For example,each 1-standard deviation unit increase in hydrocinnamic acid significantly reduced the risk of prevalent(OR[95%CI]=0.90[0.82,0.99];P=0.03)and incident hypertension(HR[95%CI]=0.83[0.71,0.96];P=0.01).Conclusion Our results suggest that gut microbial richness correlates with lower BP and BPV,and that certain metabolites mediate these associations.These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and prevention of hypertension.展开更多
To investigate the in vitro digestion and fermentation properties of soybean oligosaccharides(SBOS)extracted from defatted soybean meal,the changes in monosaccharide composition and molecular mass were analyzed.Subseq...To investigate the in vitro digestion and fermentation properties of soybean oligosaccharides(SBOS)extracted from defatted soybean meal,the changes in monosaccharide composition and molecular mass were analyzed.Subsequently,the effect of SBOS on microbial community structure and metabolites was studied by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results showed that SBOS was not easily enzymolyzed during simulated digestion and could reach the large intestine through the digestive system.The significant decrease in the molecular mass of SBOS after in vitro fermentation indicated its utilization by the gut microbiota,which increased the contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,thereby reducing the pH of the fermentation broth.Moreover,the core community was found to consist of Blautia,Lactobacillaceae,and Pediococcus.SBOS up-regulated beneficial differential metabolites such as myo-inositol,lactose,and glucose,which were closely related to galactose,amino sugar,and nucleotide sugar metabolism.This study will provide a reference for exploring the relationship between the gut microbiota and the metabolites of SBOS,and provide a basis for the development and application of SBOS as an ingredient for functional products.展开更多
Ethiprole is widely used as a second-generation phenyl pyrazole insecticide.Previous studies indicated that ethiprole exhibited thyroid toxicity while two main metabolites(ethiprole sulfone(M1)and ethiprole sulfide(M2...Ethiprole is widely used as a second-generation phenyl pyrazole insecticide.Previous studies indicated that ethiprole exhibited thyroid toxicity while two main metabolites(ethiprole sulfone(M1)and ethiprole sulfide(M2))of ethiprole showed higher acute toxicity than ethiprole.Therefore,assessing the thyroid toxicity of its metabolites is crucial for safety assessment.In this study,the thyroid toxicity and underlying mechanisms of ethiprole and its metabolites were explored using in silico,in vitro,and in vivo assays,with the aim of conducting a comparative study on thyroid toxicity.Molecular docking analysis showed that ethiprole,M1 and M2 could bind with thyroid receptor isoforms and exhibited higher binding affinity compared to 3,3,5-triiodothyronine(T3).GH3 cell proliferation assays revealed that ethiprole,M1 and M2 all served as thyroid hormone antagonists to hinder the T3-induced cell proliferation.Using the zebrafish model,we further investigated that exposure to ethiprole,M1,and M2 disrupted thyroid hormone levels and the transcriptional expressions of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid(HPT)axis-related genes.Ethiprole induced thyroid disrupting effects by binding with the thyroid receptor beta,M1 mainly through binding with the corticotropin releasing factor receptor-1,and M2 exposure firstly inhibited the thyroid peroxidase enzyme activity.M2 showed the highest developmental toxicity and thyroid disrupting effects,which significantly reducing hatching rates,increasing deformity rates,exhibiting the lowest lethal concentration 50 value and showing the most serious transcription inhibitory effects on the HPT axis.This study suggested the risk assessment of metabolites should be considered in assessing potential environmental risk of ethiprole.展开更多
This study investigates the relationships between exposures to ambient air pollution—specifically particulate matter 2.5 (PM_(2.5)) and its metabolites—and the risk of depression.Nonlinear and linear regression,Baye...This study investigates the relationships between exposures to ambient air pollution—specifically particulate matter 2.5 (PM_(2.5)) and its metabolites—and the risk of depression.Nonlinear and linear regression,Bayesian kernel machine regression,and toxicogenomic analysis were key approaches.PM_(2.5)exposure was positively associated with the risk of developing depression,whereas phenylglyoxylic acid exposure was negatively associated with depression risk.We found a significant overall relationship between ambient air pollution and depression,particularly at the 55th and 60th percentiles.Although statistical significance was not reached at the 65th percentile,there was a noticeable upward trend,indicating a potential association.Interestingly,no significant connection was found between a combination of metabolites from ambient air pollution and depression.PM_(2.5)and phenylglyoxylic acid emerged as the most influential compounds in the models,respectively.PM_(2.5)exposure altered the expression of 42 specific targets associated with depression,especially POMC,SCL6A4,IL6,and SOD2.The study identified specific pathways related to insulin secretion,energy metabolism,blood circulation,tube diameter,and maintenance of blood vessel diameter,as well as key molecular mechanisms involving hsa-miR-124-3p,hsa-miR-155-5p,hsa-miR-16-5p,and SP1.These mechanisms were found to underlie the etiology of depression associated with PM_(2.5)exposure.In conclusions,PM_(2.5)and phenylglyoxylic acid were found to be associated with depression.Further work is needed to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms by which these chemicals affect depression,especially pathways related to insulin secretion and blood circulation.展开更多
A new alkaloid,diacedolinate(1),along with fourteen known compounds(2-15)was isolated from the sponge associated fungus Penicillium crustosum SCSIO 41442.The structures of these compounds were determined by spectrum a...A new alkaloid,diacedolinate(1),along with fourteen known compounds(2-15)was isolated from the sponge associated fungus Penicillium crustosum SCSIO 41442.The structures of these compounds were determined by spectrum analysis and ECD.All compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.The results showed that compound 1 exhibited weak antioxidant activity with an IC_(50)value of(71.00±0.14)μg·mL^(−1),while compound 2,in contrast,displayed broad antioxidant activity with an IC_(50)value of(1.25±0.10)μg·mL^(−1),compared with the positive control,vitamin C.In addition,compounds 9,10,11,and 15 demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens,including MRSA,Colletotrichum asianum HNM 408,Colletotrichum acutatum HNM RC178,and Alternaria alternate,with MIC values ranging from 2.5 to 160μg·mL^(−1).The bioactivities of these compounds are reported here for the first time.展开更多
Objective:Gut microbiota(GM)and blood metabolites are associated with the development of urticaria,yet their specific causal relationships in East Asian populations remain unclear.This study aims to elucidate the caus...Objective:Gut microbiota(GM)and blood metabolites are associated with the development of urticaria,yet their specific causal relationships in East Asian populations remain unclear.This study aims to elucidate the causal and mediating relationships among GM,blood metabolites,and urticaria in East Asians using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods:Summary-level statistics for 500 GM taxa,112 blood metabolites,and urticaria were obtained from publicly available Genome-Wide Association Studies(GWAS)datasets.Bidirectional MR analyses were performed to examine causal associations among the GM,blood metabolites,and urticaria.The inverse variance weighted(IVW)method served as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by MR-Egger,weighted median,simple mode,and weighted mode methods.Sensitivity analyses included heterogeneity tests,horizontal pleiotropy assessments,and leave-one-out analyses.Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential mediating effects of blood metabolites on the causal pathways between GM and urticaria.Results:MR analyses identified 12 GM taxa exhibiting significant causal effects on urticaria susceptibility.Nine taxa,such as MF0017_galactose_degradation(OR=1.461,95%CI 1.098 to 1.944,P=0.009),were associated with increased urticaria risk.Three taxa,such as MF0001_arabinoxylan_degradation(OR=0.846,95%CI 0.737 to 0.973,P=0.019),showed protective effects with increased abundance.Additionally,6 blood metabolites demonstrated causal associations with urticaria.Notably,the risk of developing urticaria increases with rising fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels(OR=1.971,95%CI 1.089 to 3.567,P=0.025).Mediation analysis further demonstrated that FPG partially mediated the protective effect of MF0001_arabinoxylan_degradation on urticaria,accounting for 11.30%of the total effect.Conclusion:This study has delineated specific GM taxa and blood metabolites that hold causal relevance to urticaria in East Asian populations.Notably,arabinogalactan degradation potentially mitigates urticaria risk via reducing FPG concentrations,offering genetic evidence to support therapeutic strategies targeting GM modulation and glucose regulation.展开更多
Chemical exposure during prenatal development has significant implications for both maternal and child health.Compared to blood,saliva is a non-invasive and less resource-intensive,alternative.Given the temporal varia...Chemical exposure during prenatal development has significant implications for both maternal and child health.Compared to blood,saliva is a non-invasive and less resource-intensive,alternative.Given the temporal variability of xenobiotic metabolites(XM),repeated sampling is essential.Therefore,saliva offers a valuable tool for the longitudinal assessment of prenatal exposomes.Despite its potential,no studies have explored saliva for XM measurement.This study pioneered using saliva to assess XM detectability and investigate the associations between prenatal XM and endogenous metabolomes in pregnant women.Saliva samples were analysed using mass spectrometry from 80 pregnant women at 24–34 weeks gestation.Metabolomes and exposomes were annotated using the Human Metabolome and U.S.Environmental Protection Agency databases.Metabolome-XM associations were clustered using Glay community clustering.Linear regression models,adjusted for age,estimated associations between catecholamines and XMs.XM levels were validated in a cohort of women(n=14)with and without preeclampsia.Our study identified 582 metabolomes and 125 XM in saliva,demonstrating its potential as a matrix for exposure measurement.After false discovery rate correction,18109 significant metabolome-XM associations were identified.Community clustering revealed 37 connected clusters,with the largest cluster(238 nodes)enriched in tyrosine and catecholamine metabolism.Food-contactchemicals and food-additives were significantly associated with higher catecholamine and their metabolite levels.Subgroup analyses revealed higher concentrations of these chemicals in women with preeclampsia compared to healthy controls.This study demonstrates that saliva contains valuable molecular data for measuring exposomes.Food-related chemicals were associated with higher catecholamine levels,which may be relevant to the prevalence of hypertensive crises in pregnancy.展开更多
In the world of microorganisms,the genud Streptomyces is renowned as a"natural pharmacy".This genus of bacteria is the primary source of clinical antibiotics,with approximately two-thirds of antibiotics deri...In the world of microorganisms,the genud Streptomyces is renowned as a"natural pharmacy".This genus of bacteria is the primary source of clinical antibiotics,with approximately two-thirds of antibiotics derived from it.However,industrial production faces challenges such as low yields and complex regulation.This study introduces the Streptomyces multiplexed artificial control system(SMARTS):a novel"plug-and-play"dynamic regulatory framework integrating trigger,stabilizer,and multiplexer modules.This enables the cross-species,predictable,and scalable production of secondary metabolites.Evolutionary analysis of 521 quorum-sensing receptors revealed conserved DNA-binding domains,informing the design of a universal trigger.SMARTS efficiently and robustly produced baiweimycin in a 120 m3 industrial fermenter,a process validated through a closed-loop pipeline ranging from molecular mechanisms to field applications.Implementing orthogonal control and hierarchical optimization enhances the efficiency of metabolic engineering and sheds light on the evolution of Streptomyces quorum sensing.This breakthrough offers a scalable solution for industrial production and advances synthetic biology,with significant implications for agriculture,pharmaceuticals,and global health.展开更多
Angelica L.has attracted global interest for its traditional medicinal uses and commercial values.However,few studies have focused on the metabolomic differences among the Angelica species.In this study,widely targete...Angelica L.has attracted global interest for its traditional medicinal uses and commercial values.However,few studies have focused on the metabolomic differences among the Angelica species.In this study,widely targeted metabolomics based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to analyze the metabolomes of four Angelica species(Angelicasinensis(Oliv.)Diels(A.sinensis),Angelica biserrata(R.H.Shan &Yuan)C.Q.Yuan & R.H.Shan(A.biserrata),Angelica dahurica(Hoffm.)Benth.& Hook.f.ex Franch.& Sav.(A.dahurica)and Angelica keiskei Koidz.(A.keiskei)).A total of 698 volatile metabolites were identified and classified into fifteen different categories.The metabo-lomic analysis indicated that 7-hydroxycoumarin and Z-ligustilide accumulated at significantly higher levels in A.sinensis,whereas bornyl acetate showed the opposite pattern.Furthermore,a high correspondence between the dendrogram of metabolite contents and phylogenetic positions of the four species.This study provides a comprehensive biochemical map for the exploitation,application and development of the Angelica species as medicinal plants or health-related dietary supplements.展开更多
This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce.Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collec...This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce.Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collected from large-scale fermentation tanks with fermentation periods of up to 7.87 years.The complex bacterial community was simplified to two genera,Tetragenococcus and Halanaerobium,after approximately 0.55 years of fermentation.Although genera,such as Saccharomyces,Cladosporium,Candida,and Aspergillus,were relatively dominant,no clear pattern was identified in fungal community analysis.The longitudinal metabolite profile demonstrated that approximately half(55.8%)of the metabolites present in anchovy sauce were produced within a year of fermentation due to rapid fermentation.Despite the static microbial community,the contents of several metabolites including amino acids and biogenic amines changed continuously during the long-term fermentation of anchovy sauce.This study provides novel insights into the changes in microbiota and metabolites in fish sauce produced without any starter inoculation.展开更多
Background:Fructose may induce non-alcoholic fatty acids(NAFLD)due to the gut-liver axis interactions.The mechanism of fructose impairing colon barrier is unrevealed.Methods:Normal and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-indu...Background:Fructose may induce non-alcoholic fatty acids(NAFLD)due to the gut-liver axis interactions.The mechanism of fructose impairing colon barrier is unrevealed.Methods:Normal and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced Sprague-Dawley rats fed by 35%fructose diets were used to evaluate colon barrier functions.Microbiome and metabolome were applied to screen potential biomarker bacteria and metabolites induced by fructose.HT-29 cells were applied to validate metabolite biomarker indoleacrylic acid(IAA)and indole-3-carboxaldehyde(I3A)function in colon barrier which impaired by fructose.Results:Fructose induced colon barrier dysfunction,aggravated colon impairment in DSS-induced rats.With fructose intake,the colon length shortened,goblet numbers declined,inflammation infiltration induced,inflammatory cytokines increased,and apoptosis signals upregulated in colon tissue.Moreover,fructose induced dysbiosis of microbiota and their metabolites.Adlercreutzia and Holdemania were screened out as potential bacteria biomarkers,IAA and I3A as tryptophan metabolites were selected as metabolite biomarkers inhibited by fructose.IAA and I3A treatment alleviated the impairment induced by fructose by increasing trans epithelial electric resistance value,tight junction proteins,and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor(Ah R)activity in HT-29 cell.Conclusion:Fructose stimulated inflammation,apoptosis,gut bacteria alteration,and induced the reduction of IAA and I3A.Since fructose inhibited production of IAA and I3A,Ah R remained inactivated and consequently induced colon barrier dysfunction.展开更多
The circadian clock is a highly hierarchical network of endogenous pacemakers that primarily maintains and directs oscillations through transcriptional and translational feedback loops,which modulates an approximately...The circadian clock is a highly hierarchical network of endogenous pacemakers that primarily maintains and directs oscillations through transcriptional and translational feedback loops,which modulates an approximately 24-h cycle of endocrine and metabolic rhythms within cells and tissues.While circadian clocks regulate metabolic processes and related physiology,emerging evidence indicates that metabolism and circadian rhythm are intimately intertwined.In this review,we highlight the concept of metabolites,including lipids and other polar metabolites generated from intestinal microbial metabolism and nutrient intake,as time cues that drive changes in circadian rhythms,which in turn influence metabolism and aging.Furthermore,we discuss the roles of functional metabolites as circadian cues,paving a new direction on potential intervention targets of circadian disruption,pathological aging,as well as metabolic diseases that are clinically important.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the mechanism of endophytic fungi mediating the plant growth and promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Camellia oleifera.[Methods]Four strains of endophytic fungi isolated f...[Objectives]To investigate the mechanism of endophytic fungi mediating the plant growth and promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Camellia oleifera.[Methods]Four strains of endophytic fungi isolated from the rhizomes of C.oleifera were co-cultured with C.oleifera seedlings individually in sterile soil for 49 d:Didymella sp.(DS),Fusarium sp.(FS),Penicillium sp.(PS),and Clonostachys rosea(CR).[Results]The biological activities of the four fungal strains differed,but all exhibited the ability to promote quercetin accumulation while simultaneously reducing quercetin glycosides after co-culture with C.oleifera seedlings.The DS,FS and PS treatments resulted in a significant increase in the leaf area of C.oleifera,with all of the experimental groups exhibiting a weight increase of over 50%compared to the control(CON)group.[Conclusions]Our findings demonstrate the potential utility of endophytic fungi in the production of C.oleifera,highlighting their capacity to enhance both productivity and the accumulation of plant metabolites.展开更多
Background:The composition of the intestinal flora and the resulting metabolites af-fect patients'sleep after surgery.Methods:We intended to elucidate the mechanisms by which disordered intestinal flora modulate t...Background:The composition of the intestinal flora and the resulting metabolites af-fect patients'sleep after surgery.Methods:We intended to elucidate the mechanisms by which disordered intestinal flora modulate the pathophysiology of postoperative sleep disturbances in hosts.In this study,we explored the impacts of anesthesia,surgery,and postoperative sleep duration on the fecal microbiota and metabolites of individuals classified postpro-cedurally as poor sleepers(PS)and good sleepers(GS),as diagnosed by the bispec-tral index.We also performed fecal microbiota transplantation in pseudo-germ-free(PGF)rats and applied Western blotting,immunohistochemistry,and gut permeability analyses to identify the potential mechanism of its effect.Results:Research finding shows the PS group had significantly higher postopera-tive stool levels of the metabolites tryptophan and kynurenine than the GS group.PGF rats that received gut microbiota from PSs exhibited less rapid eye movement(REM)sleep than those that received GS microbiota(GS-PGF:11.4%±1.6%,PS-PGF:4.8%±2.0%,p<0.001).Measurement of 5-hydroxytryptophan(5-HTP)levels in the stool,serum,and prefrontal cortex(PFC)indicated that altered 5-HTP levels,includ-ing reduced levels in the PFC,caused sleep loss in PGF rats transplanted with PS gut flora.Through the brain-gut axis,the inactivity of tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)and TPH2 in the colon and PFC,respectively,caused a loss of REM sleep in PGF rats and decreased the 5-HTP level in the PFC.Conclusions:These findings indicate that postoperative gut dysbiosis and defective 5-HTP metabolism may cause postoperative sleep disturbances.Clinicians and sleep researchers may gain new insights from this study.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic gastrointestinal disease with a high incidence.Treatment for IBD includes medications and diet,and common anti-inflammatory medications have limitations like drug resistance...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic gastrointestinal disease with a high incidence.Treatment for IBD includes medications and diet,and common anti-inflammatory medications have limitations like drug resistance and serious adverse effects.Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that dietary flavonoids exhibit an alleviative effect on IBD by influencing gut microbiota.The microbiota-derived metabolites also regulate IBD and maintain intestinal homeostasis.In this review,we investigate the therapeutic effect of gut microbiota and metabolites on IBD by intestinal immune and intestinal barrier function.We demonstrate the underlying mechanism of dietary flavonoids as an anti-inflammatory molecule alleviating IBD by regulating gut microbiota,short chain fatty acid(SCFA),bile acid(BA),tryptophan(Trp)metabolism and lipopolysaccharides(LPS)-toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)signaling pathway.Based on structural differences of flavonoids,we summarize the recent research progress on the role of different dietary flavonoids in alleviating IBD by gut microbiota and metabolites in animal and clinical trials.This review indicates that dietary flavonoids targeting gut microbiota and metabolites provide a promising strategy for the treatment of inflammation and novel insights into the management of IBD.展开更多
The extreme environment of the polar regions has driven the evolution of unique metabolic mechanisms in microorganisms,resulting in structurally diverse and highly active secondary metabolites.These metabolites are no...The extreme environment of the polar regions has driven the evolution of unique metabolic mechanisms in microorganisms,resulting in structurally diverse and highly active secondary metabolites.These metabolites are not only crucial for microbial adaptation to extreme conditions,but also exhibit significant potential for applications in medicine,agriculture(e.g.,biocontrol),and industry.This review provides a comprehensive overview of 111 secondary metabolites derived from polar microorganisms reported between 2013 and 2025,with a focus on advances in their classification,biological activities,and biosynthetic gene cluster mining techniques.Additionally,it highlights key strategies for advancing future investigations,providing a valuable reference for continued exploration in this promising field.Notably,polar microbial secondary metabolites also hold promising applications in agriculture,particularly in biocontrol,soil health enhancement,and stress-resistant crop development.展开更多
Effect of ellagitannins gut microbiota metabolites ellagic acid(EA)and urolithin A-urolithin D(UroA-UroD)on human serum albumin(HSA)glycation were firstly evaluated in this research.The inhibition mechanisms were inve...Effect of ellagitannins gut microbiota metabolites ellagic acid(EA)and urolithin A-urolithin D(UroA-UroD)on human serum albumin(HSA)glycation were firstly evaluated in this research.The inhibition mechanisms were investigated by methylglyoxal(MGO)trapping and radical scavenging ability assays,docking studies and nano LC-orbitrap-MS/MS technology.Results indicated that the inhibition of urolithins on HSA glycation was highly positive correlated with the number of phenolic hydroxy groups.Addition of UroD and EA could effectively enhance the content of free amino group,suppress dicarbonyl compounds and advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)formation,alleviated tryptophan and protein oxidation,inhibited HSA amyloid-like aggregation.They could also trap MGO and scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical(DPPH·)and2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid free radical(ABTS^(+)·).Molecular docking indicated that EA and UroA-UroD interact with HSA mainly through hydrogen bound and hydrophobic interaction,among which 2 or 3 hydrogen bonds were formed.The number of glycation sites were reduced from 11 to10,10,7,and 10,respectively,when 90μmol/L of EA,UroA,UroC and UroD were added.However,weak inhibition was observed on UroA and UroB.These findings can provide scientific evidence for the application of ellagitannins-rich foods in alleviating diabetic complications.展开更多
Pyropia yezoensis(red algae)or commonly known as nori,is highly regarded for its nutritional benefits and distinct taste,leading to its widespread consumption.The bio-activity and sensory characteristics of P.yezoensi...Pyropia yezoensis(red algae)or commonly known as nori,is highly regarded for its nutritional benefits and distinct taste,leading to its widespread consumption.The bio-activity and sensory characteristics of P.yezoensis are attributed to the metabolites it contains.In this study,identification and quantification of the diverse range of metabolites of P.yezoensis and metabolomic analysis were conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Furthermore,the impact of high temperature on its metabolites regulation was also investigated.Due to metabolomic analysis,a diverse range of metabolites were identified in P.yezoensis,including lipids,amino acids,carbohydrates,and secondary metabolites.Several known bioactive compounds,including alcohol and polyols,amines,amino acids-peptides-analogues,beta hydroxy acids and derivatives,carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates,cholestane steroids,dicarboxylic acid and derivatives,and fatty acids and conjugates were detected in abundance,highlighting the nutritional and functional properties of P.yezoensis.Additionally,the metabolites composition of P.yezoensis was significantly affected in high temperatures,which led to up-regulation of considerable primary metabolites and few were down-regulated,and suggested a potential response and adaptation mechanism of P.yezoensis to elevated temperature conditions.This research highlighted the metabolomics of P.yezoensis,provided insights into its metabolite composition and regulatory responses to high temperature conditions,enhanced our knowledge of the biochemical pathways and adaptive mechanisms of P.yezoensis,which can assist the improvement strategies of utilization and cultivation to promote this valuable alga in response to fluctuating environmental conditions.展开更多
Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is an excellent tool for simultaneous identification and quantification of metabolites(metabolomics).NMR quantification of human lipoprotein subfractions and their component...Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is an excellent tool for simultaneous identification and quantification of metabolites(metabolomics).NMR quantification of human lipoprotein subfractions and their components has proven to be a powerful approach to reveal pathophysiological insights in numerous diseases[1,2].This method has now been standardized with excellent inter-laboratory reproducibility within 10 days for simultaneous quantification of 105 lipoprotein components and 24 low-molecular weight(LMW)metabolites[3];close clustering was also shown for 12 quality-control(QC)samples measured in 3 months although without statistical details[2].However,these reports[[1],[2],[3]]did not cover many vital parameters for lipoprotein components(e.g.,cholesterol-esters and total-lipids),fatty acids,and N-acetyl-glycoproteins(NAGs).展开更多
The review by Bangolo et al highlights the role of the gut microbiome in cancerassociated anemia(CAA).However,the impact of microbiome-derived metabolites is underexplored.In this letter,we focus on short-chain fatty ...The review by Bangolo et al highlights the role of the gut microbiome in cancerassociated anemia(CAA).However,the impact of microbiome-derived metabolites is underexplored.In this letter,we focus on short-chain fatty acids,tryptophan metabolites,and polyamines as key mediators linking dysbiosis to impaired erythropoiesis and iron homeostasis.We also propose a research framework that integrates multi-omics analysis and gnotobiotic models.Finally,we discuss the clinical potential of metabolite-based diagnostics and microbiome-targeted therapies in managing CAA.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Program for Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases(2023ZD0503500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030102,12126602,91857118)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-010,2019-I2M-2-003)the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-GSP-GG-1,2022-GSP-GG-2)。
文摘Objective Evidence suggests that depleted gut microbialα-diversity is associated with hypertension;however,whether metabolic markers affect this relationship remains unknown.We aimed to determine the potential metabolites mediating the associations ofα-diversity with blood pressure(BP)and BP variability(BPV).Methods Metagenomics and plasma targeted metabolomics were conducted on 523 Chinese participants from the MetaSalt study.The 24-hour,daytime,and nighttime BP and BPV were calculated based on ambulatory BP measurements.Linear mixed models were used to characterize the relationships betweenα-diversity(Shannon and Chao1 index)and BP indices.Mediation analyses were performed to assess the contribution of metabolites to the observed associations.The influence of key metabolites on hypertension was further evaluated in a prospective cohort of 2,169 participants.Results Gut microbial richness(Chao1)was negatively associated with 24-hour systolic BP,daytime systolic BP,daytime diastolic BP,24-hour systolic BPV,and nighttime systolic BPV(P<0.05).Moreover,26 metabolites were strongly associated with richness(Bonferroni P<0.05).Among them,four key metabolites(imidazole propionate,2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid,homovanillic acid,and hydrocinnamic acid)mediated the associations between richness and BP indices(proportions of mediating effects:14.1%–67.4%).These key metabolites were also associated with hypertension in the prospective cohort.For example,each 1-standard deviation unit increase in hydrocinnamic acid significantly reduced the risk of prevalent(OR[95%CI]=0.90[0.82,0.99];P=0.03)and incident hypertension(HR[95%CI]=0.83[0.71,0.96];P=0.01).Conclusion Our results suggest that gut microbial richness correlates with lower BP and BPV,and that certain metabolites mediate these associations.These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and prevention of hypertension.
文摘To investigate the in vitro digestion and fermentation properties of soybean oligosaccharides(SBOS)extracted from defatted soybean meal,the changes in monosaccharide composition and molecular mass were analyzed.Subsequently,the effect of SBOS on microbial community structure and metabolites was studied by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results showed that SBOS was not easily enzymolyzed during simulated digestion and could reach the large intestine through the digestive system.The significant decrease in the molecular mass of SBOS after in vitro fermentation indicated its utilization by the gut microbiota,which increased the contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,thereby reducing the pH of the fermentation broth.Moreover,the core community was found to consist of Blautia,Lactobacillaceae,and Pediococcus.SBOS up-regulated beneficial differential metabolites such as myo-inositol,lactose,and glucose,which were closely related to galactose,amino sugar,and nucleotide sugar metabolism.This study will provide a reference for exploring the relationship between the gut microbiota and the metabolites of SBOS,and provide a basis for the development and application of SBOS as an ingredient for functional products.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42207320 and 22076214).
文摘Ethiprole is widely used as a second-generation phenyl pyrazole insecticide.Previous studies indicated that ethiprole exhibited thyroid toxicity while two main metabolites(ethiprole sulfone(M1)and ethiprole sulfide(M2))of ethiprole showed higher acute toxicity than ethiprole.Therefore,assessing the thyroid toxicity of its metabolites is crucial for safety assessment.In this study,the thyroid toxicity and underlying mechanisms of ethiprole and its metabolites were explored using in silico,in vitro,and in vivo assays,with the aim of conducting a comparative study on thyroid toxicity.Molecular docking analysis showed that ethiprole,M1 and M2 could bind with thyroid receptor isoforms and exhibited higher binding affinity compared to 3,3,5-triiodothyronine(T3).GH3 cell proliferation assays revealed that ethiprole,M1 and M2 all served as thyroid hormone antagonists to hinder the T3-induced cell proliferation.Using the zebrafish model,we further investigated that exposure to ethiprole,M1,and M2 disrupted thyroid hormone levels and the transcriptional expressions of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid(HPT)axis-related genes.Ethiprole induced thyroid disrupting effects by binding with the thyroid receptor beta,M1 mainly through binding with the corticotropin releasing factor receptor-1,and M2 exposure firstly inhibited the thyroid peroxidase enzyme activity.M2 showed the highest developmental toxicity and thyroid disrupting effects,which significantly reducing hatching rates,increasing deformity rates,exhibiting the lowest lethal concentration 50 value and showing the most serious transcription inhibitory effects on the HPT axis.This study suggested the risk assessment of metabolites should be considered in assessing potential environmental risk of ethiprole.
文摘This study investigates the relationships between exposures to ambient air pollution—specifically particulate matter 2.5 (PM_(2.5)) and its metabolites—and the risk of depression.Nonlinear and linear regression,Bayesian kernel machine regression,and toxicogenomic analysis were key approaches.PM_(2.5)exposure was positively associated with the risk of developing depression,whereas phenylglyoxylic acid exposure was negatively associated with depression risk.We found a significant overall relationship between ambient air pollution and depression,particularly at the 55th and 60th percentiles.Although statistical significance was not reached at the 65th percentile,there was a noticeable upward trend,indicating a potential association.Interestingly,no significant connection was found between a combination of metabolites from ambient air pollution and depression.PM_(2.5)and phenylglyoxylic acid emerged as the most influential compounds in the models,respectively.PM_(2.5)exposure altered the expression of 42 specific targets associated with depression,especially POMC,SCL6A4,IL6,and SOD2.The study identified specific pathways related to insulin secretion,energy metabolism,blood circulation,tube diameter,and maintenance of blood vessel diameter,as well as key molecular mechanisms involving hsa-miR-124-3p,hsa-miR-155-5p,hsa-miR-16-5p,and SP1.These mechanisms were found to underlie the etiology of depression associated with PM_(2.5)exposure.In conclusions,PM_(2.5)and phenylglyoxylic acid were found to be associated with depression.Further work is needed to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms by which these chemicals affect depression,especially pathways related to insulin secretion and blood circulation.
文摘A new alkaloid,diacedolinate(1),along with fourteen known compounds(2-15)was isolated from the sponge associated fungus Penicillium crustosum SCSIO 41442.The structures of these compounds were determined by spectrum analysis and ECD.All compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.The results showed that compound 1 exhibited weak antioxidant activity with an IC_(50)value of(71.00±0.14)μg·mL^(−1),while compound 2,in contrast,displayed broad antioxidant activity with an IC_(50)value of(1.25±0.10)μg·mL^(−1),compared with the positive control,vitamin C.In addition,compounds 9,10,11,and 15 demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens,including MRSA,Colletotrichum asianum HNM 408,Colletotrichum acutatum HNM RC178,and Alternaria alternate,with MIC values ranging from 2.5 to 160μg·mL^(−1).The bioactivities of these compounds are reported here for the first time.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(2024JJ7627).
文摘Objective:Gut microbiota(GM)and blood metabolites are associated with the development of urticaria,yet their specific causal relationships in East Asian populations remain unclear.This study aims to elucidate the causal and mediating relationships among GM,blood metabolites,and urticaria in East Asians using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods:Summary-level statistics for 500 GM taxa,112 blood metabolites,and urticaria were obtained from publicly available Genome-Wide Association Studies(GWAS)datasets.Bidirectional MR analyses were performed to examine causal associations among the GM,blood metabolites,and urticaria.The inverse variance weighted(IVW)method served as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by MR-Egger,weighted median,simple mode,and weighted mode methods.Sensitivity analyses included heterogeneity tests,horizontal pleiotropy assessments,and leave-one-out analyses.Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential mediating effects of blood metabolites on the causal pathways between GM and urticaria.Results:MR analyses identified 12 GM taxa exhibiting significant causal effects on urticaria susceptibility.Nine taxa,such as MF0017_galactose_degradation(OR=1.461,95%CI 1.098 to 1.944,P=0.009),were associated with increased urticaria risk.Three taxa,such as MF0001_arabinoxylan_degradation(OR=0.846,95%CI 0.737 to 0.973,P=0.019),showed protective effects with increased abundance.Additionally,6 blood metabolites demonstrated causal associations with urticaria.Notably,the risk of developing urticaria increases with rising fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels(OR=1.971,95%CI 1.089 to 3.567,P=0.025).Mediation analysis further demonstrated that FPG partially mediated the protective effect of MF0001_arabinoxylan_degradation on urticaria,accounting for 11.30%of the total effect.Conclusion:This study has delineated specific GM taxa and blood metabolites that hold causal relevance to urticaria in East Asian populations.Notably,arabinogalactan degradation potentially mitigates urticaria risk via reducing FPG concentrations,offering genetic evidence to support therapeutic strategies targeting GM modulation and glucose regulation.
基金supported by grants from Singhealth Duke-NUS Academic Medicine Research grant(AM/SU035/2020)NMRC Clinician-Scientist Individual Research Grant New Investigator Grant(CNIG20nov-0003).
文摘Chemical exposure during prenatal development has significant implications for both maternal and child health.Compared to blood,saliva is a non-invasive and less resource-intensive,alternative.Given the temporal variability of xenobiotic metabolites(XM),repeated sampling is essential.Therefore,saliva offers a valuable tool for the longitudinal assessment of prenatal exposomes.Despite its potential,no studies have explored saliva for XM measurement.This study pioneered using saliva to assess XM detectability and investigate the associations between prenatal XM and endogenous metabolomes in pregnant women.Saliva samples were analysed using mass spectrometry from 80 pregnant women at 24–34 weeks gestation.Metabolomes and exposomes were annotated using the Human Metabolome and U.S.Environmental Protection Agency databases.Metabolome-XM associations were clustered using Glay community clustering.Linear regression models,adjusted for age,estimated associations between catecholamines and XMs.XM levels were validated in a cohort of women(n=14)with and without preeclampsia.Our study identified 582 metabolomes and 125 XM in saliva,demonstrating its potential as a matrix for exposure measurement.After false discovery rate correction,18109 significant metabolome-XM associations were identified.Community clustering revealed 37 connected clusters,with the largest cluster(238 nodes)enriched in tyrosine and catecholamine metabolism.Food-contactchemicals and food-additives were significantly associated with higher catecholamine and their metabolite levels.Subgroup analyses revealed higher concentrations of these chemicals in women with preeclampsia compared to healthy controls.This study demonstrates that saliva contains valuable molecular data for measuring exposomes.Food-related chemicals were associated with higher catecholamine levels,which may be relevant to the prevalence of hypertensive crises in pregnancy.
基金the Program for the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1700204)the National Natural Science Foundation(32272580).
文摘In the world of microorganisms,the genud Streptomyces is renowned as a"natural pharmacy".This genus of bacteria is the primary source of clinical antibiotics,with approximately two-thirds of antibiotics derived from it.However,industrial production faces challenges such as low yields and complex regulation.This study introduces the Streptomyces multiplexed artificial control system(SMARTS):a novel"plug-and-play"dynamic regulatory framework integrating trigger,stabilizer,and multiplexer modules.This enables the cross-species,predictable,and scalable production of secondary metabolites.Evolutionary analysis of 521 quorum-sensing receptors revealed conserved DNA-binding domains,informing the design of a universal trigger.SMARTS efficiently and robustly produced baiweimycin in a 120 m3 industrial fermenter,a process validated through a closed-loop pipeline ranging from molecular mechanisms to field applications.Implementing orthogonal control and hierarchical optimization enhances the efficiency of metabolic engineering and sheds light on the evolution of Streptomyces quorum sensing.This breakthrough offers a scalable solution for industrial production and advances synthetic biology,with significant implications for agriculture,pharmaceuticals,and global health.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China,Grant 32470245.
文摘Angelica L.has attracted global interest for its traditional medicinal uses and commercial values.However,few studies have focused on the metabolomic differences among the Angelica species.In this study,widely targeted metabolomics based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to analyze the metabolomes of four Angelica species(Angelicasinensis(Oliv.)Diels(A.sinensis),Angelica biserrata(R.H.Shan &Yuan)C.Q.Yuan & R.H.Shan(A.biserrata),Angelica dahurica(Hoffm.)Benth.& Hook.f.ex Franch.& Sav.(A.dahurica)and Angelica keiskei Koidz.(A.keiskei)).A total of 698 volatile metabolites were identified and classified into fifteen different categories.The metabo-lomic analysis indicated that 7-hydroxycoumarin and Z-ligustilide accumulated at significantly higher levels in A.sinensis,whereas bornyl acetate showed the opposite pattern.Furthermore,a high correspondence between the dendrogram of metabolite contents and phylogenetic positions of the four species.This study provides a comprehensive biochemical map for the exploitation,application and development of the Angelica species as medicinal plants or health-related dietary supplements.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(RS-2024-00333618 and RS-2023-00240999)a Korea University Grantthe Institute of Biomedical Science&Food Safety,CJ-Korea University Food Safety Hall at Korea University,Republic of Korea。
文摘This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce.Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collected from large-scale fermentation tanks with fermentation periods of up to 7.87 years.The complex bacterial community was simplified to two genera,Tetragenococcus and Halanaerobium,after approximately 0.55 years of fermentation.Although genera,such as Saccharomyces,Cladosporium,Candida,and Aspergillus,were relatively dominant,no clear pattern was identified in fungal community analysis.The longitudinal metabolite profile demonstrated that approximately half(55.8%)of the metabolites present in anchovy sauce were produced within a year of fermentation due to rapid fermentation.Despite the static microbial community,the contents of several metabolites including amino acids and biogenic amines changed continuously during the long-term fermentation of anchovy sauce.This study provides novel insights into the changes in microbiota and metabolites in fish sauce produced without any starter inoculation.
基金supported by the Special Funds of Basic Research of Central Public Welfare Institute(JY2010 and ZX2410)。
文摘Background:Fructose may induce non-alcoholic fatty acids(NAFLD)due to the gut-liver axis interactions.The mechanism of fructose impairing colon barrier is unrevealed.Methods:Normal and dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced Sprague-Dawley rats fed by 35%fructose diets were used to evaluate colon barrier functions.Microbiome and metabolome were applied to screen potential biomarker bacteria and metabolites induced by fructose.HT-29 cells were applied to validate metabolite biomarker indoleacrylic acid(IAA)and indole-3-carboxaldehyde(I3A)function in colon barrier which impaired by fructose.Results:Fructose induced colon barrier dysfunction,aggravated colon impairment in DSS-induced rats.With fructose intake,the colon length shortened,goblet numbers declined,inflammation infiltration induced,inflammatory cytokines increased,and apoptosis signals upregulated in colon tissue.Moreover,fructose induced dysbiosis of microbiota and their metabolites.Adlercreutzia and Holdemania were screened out as potential bacteria biomarkers,IAA and I3A as tryptophan metabolites were selected as metabolite biomarkers inhibited by fructose.IAA and I3A treatment alleviated the impairment induced by fructose by increasing trans epithelial electric resistance value,tight junction proteins,and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor(Ah R)activity in HT-29 cell.Conclusion:Fructose stimulated inflammation,apoptosis,gut bacteria alteration,and induced the reduction of IAA and I3A.Since fructose inhibited production of IAA and I3A,Ah R remained inactivated and consequently induced colon barrier dysfunction.
基金supported by grants from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB39050800)the Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory(GZNL2024A03013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92357308 and 32321004)。
文摘The circadian clock is a highly hierarchical network of endogenous pacemakers that primarily maintains and directs oscillations through transcriptional and translational feedback loops,which modulates an approximately 24-h cycle of endocrine and metabolic rhythms within cells and tissues.While circadian clocks regulate metabolic processes and related physiology,emerging evidence indicates that metabolism and circadian rhythm are intimately intertwined.In this review,we highlight the concept of metabolites,including lipids and other polar metabolites generated from intestinal microbial metabolism and nutrient intake,as time cues that drive changes in circadian rhythms,which in turn influence metabolism and aging.Furthermore,we discuss the roles of functional metabolites as circadian cues,paving a new direction on potential intervention targets of circadian disruption,pathological aging,as well as metabolic diseases that are clinically important.
基金Supported by the Key Field Project of Guizhou Provincial Education Department(KY[2021]044)Guizhou Forestry Science Research Project(QJH KY[2021]11)Guizhou Higher Education Characteristic Key Laboratory Construction Project(QJH KY[2021]002).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the mechanism of endophytic fungi mediating the plant growth and promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Camellia oleifera.[Methods]Four strains of endophytic fungi isolated from the rhizomes of C.oleifera were co-cultured with C.oleifera seedlings individually in sterile soil for 49 d:Didymella sp.(DS),Fusarium sp.(FS),Penicillium sp.(PS),and Clonostachys rosea(CR).[Results]The biological activities of the four fungal strains differed,but all exhibited the ability to promote quercetin accumulation while simultaneously reducing quercetin glycosides after co-culture with C.oleifera seedlings.The DS,FS and PS treatments resulted in a significant increase in the leaf area of C.oleifera,with all of the experimental groups exhibiting a weight increase of over 50%compared to the control(CON)group.[Conclusions]Our findings demonstrate the potential utility of endophytic fungi in the production of C.oleifera,highlighting their capacity to enhance both productivity and the accumulation of plant metabolites.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82171187).
文摘Background:The composition of the intestinal flora and the resulting metabolites af-fect patients'sleep after surgery.Methods:We intended to elucidate the mechanisms by which disordered intestinal flora modulate the pathophysiology of postoperative sleep disturbances in hosts.In this study,we explored the impacts of anesthesia,surgery,and postoperative sleep duration on the fecal microbiota and metabolites of individuals classified postpro-cedurally as poor sleepers(PS)and good sleepers(GS),as diagnosed by the bispec-tral index.We also performed fecal microbiota transplantation in pseudo-germ-free(PGF)rats and applied Western blotting,immunohistochemistry,and gut permeability analyses to identify the potential mechanism of its effect.Results:Research finding shows the PS group had significantly higher postopera-tive stool levels of the metabolites tryptophan and kynurenine than the GS group.PGF rats that received gut microbiota from PSs exhibited less rapid eye movement(REM)sleep than those that received GS microbiota(GS-PGF:11.4%±1.6%,PS-PGF:4.8%±2.0%,p<0.001).Measurement of 5-hydroxytryptophan(5-HTP)levels in the stool,serum,and prefrontal cortex(PFC)indicated that altered 5-HTP levels,includ-ing reduced levels in the PFC,caused sleep loss in PGF rats transplanted with PS gut flora.Through the brain-gut axis,the inactivity of tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)and TPH2 in the colon and PFC,respectively,caused a loss of REM sleep in PGF rats and decreased the 5-HTP level in the PFC.Conclusions:These findings indicate that postoperative gut dysbiosis and defective 5-HTP metabolism may cause postoperative sleep disturbances.Clinicians and sleep researchers may gain new insights from this study.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31560459)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20224ACB205014)The Double Thousands Talents Plan of Jiangxi(jxsq2018102075,jxsq2018102076)。
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic gastrointestinal disease with a high incidence.Treatment for IBD includes medications and diet,and common anti-inflammatory medications have limitations like drug resistance and serious adverse effects.Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that dietary flavonoids exhibit an alleviative effect on IBD by influencing gut microbiota.The microbiota-derived metabolites also regulate IBD and maintain intestinal homeostasis.In this review,we investigate the therapeutic effect of gut microbiota and metabolites on IBD by intestinal immune and intestinal barrier function.We demonstrate the underlying mechanism of dietary flavonoids as an anti-inflammatory molecule alleviating IBD by regulating gut microbiota,short chain fatty acid(SCFA),bile acid(BA),tryptophan(Trp)metabolism and lipopolysaccharides(LPS)-toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)signaling pathway.Based on structural differences of flavonoids,we summarize the recent research progress on the role of different dietary flavonoids in alleviating IBD by gut microbiota and metabolites in animal and clinical trials.This review indicates that dietary flavonoids targeting gut microbiota and metabolites provide a promising strategy for the treatment of inflammation and novel insights into the management of IBD.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.32130109,41761134050).
文摘The extreme environment of the polar regions has driven the evolution of unique metabolic mechanisms in microorganisms,resulting in structurally diverse and highly active secondary metabolites.These metabolites are not only crucial for microbial adaptation to extreme conditions,but also exhibit significant potential for applications in medicine,agriculture(e.g.,biocontrol),and industry.This review provides a comprehensive overview of 111 secondary metabolites derived from polar microorganisms reported between 2013 and 2025,with a focus on advances in their classification,biological activities,and biosynthetic gene cluster mining techniques.Additionally,it highlights key strategies for advancing future investigations,providing a valuable reference for continued exploration in this promising field.Notably,polar microbial secondary metabolites also hold promising applications in agriculture,particularly in biocontrol,soil health enhancement,and stress-resistant crop development.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20212BAB205017,20192ACB21011)National Science and Technology Award Reserve Cultivation Program Project of Jiangxi(20212AEI91001)。
文摘Effect of ellagitannins gut microbiota metabolites ellagic acid(EA)and urolithin A-urolithin D(UroA-UroD)on human serum albumin(HSA)glycation were firstly evaluated in this research.The inhibition mechanisms were investigated by methylglyoxal(MGO)trapping and radical scavenging ability assays,docking studies and nano LC-orbitrap-MS/MS technology.Results indicated that the inhibition of urolithins on HSA glycation was highly positive correlated with the number of phenolic hydroxy groups.Addition of UroD and EA could effectively enhance the content of free amino group,suppress dicarbonyl compounds and advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)formation,alleviated tryptophan and protein oxidation,inhibited HSA amyloid-like aggregation.They could also trap MGO and scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical(DPPH·)and2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid free radical(ABTS^(+)·).Molecular docking indicated that EA and UroA-UroD interact with HSA mainly through hydrogen bound and hydrophobic interaction,among which 2 or 3 hydrogen bonds were formed.The number of glycation sites were reduced from 11 to10,10,7,and 10,respectively,when 90μmol/L of EA,UroA,UroC and UroD were added.However,weak inhibition was observed on UroA and UroB.These findings can provide scientific evidence for the application of ellagitannins-rich foods in alleviating diabetic complications.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016 YFC 1402102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41976109)+1 种基金the Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology of China(No.MEEST-2020-2)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Pyropia yezoensis(red algae)or commonly known as nori,is highly regarded for its nutritional benefits and distinct taste,leading to its widespread consumption.The bio-activity and sensory characteristics of P.yezoensis are attributed to the metabolites it contains.In this study,identification and quantification of the diverse range of metabolites of P.yezoensis and metabolomic analysis were conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Furthermore,the impact of high temperature on its metabolites regulation was also investigated.Due to metabolomic analysis,a diverse range of metabolites were identified in P.yezoensis,including lipids,amino acids,carbohydrates,and secondary metabolites.Several known bioactive compounds,including alcohol and polyols,amines,amino acids-peptides-analogues,beta hydroxy acids and derivatives,carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates,cholestane steroids,dicarboxylic acid and derivatives,and fatty acids and conjugates were detected in abundance,highlighting the nutritional and functional properties of P.yezoensis.Additionally,the metabolites composition of P.yezoensis was significantly affected in high temperatures,which led to up-regulation of considerable primary metabolites and few were down-regulated,and suggested a potential response and adaptation mechanism of P.yezoensis to elevated temperature conditions.This research highlighted the metabolomics of P.yezoensis,provided insights into its metabolite composition and regulatory responses to high temperature conditions,enhanced our knowledge of the biochemical pathways and adaptive mechanisms of P.yezoensis,which can assist the improvement strategies of utilization and cultivation to promote this valuable alga in response to fluctuating environmental conditions.
基金financial supports from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.:2022YFC3400700 and 2022YFA0806400)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project,China(Grant No.:2017SHZDZX01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:31821002).
文摘Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is an excellent tool for simultaneous identification and quantification of metabolites(metabolomics).NMR quantification of human lipoprotein subfractions and their components has proven to be a powerful approach to reveal pathophysiological insights in numerous diseases[1,2].This method has now been standardized with excellent inter-laboratory reproducibility within 10 days for simultaneous quantification of 105 lipoprotein components and 24 low-molecular weight(LMW)metabolites[3];close clustering was also shown for 12 quality-control(QC)samples measured in 3 months although without statistical details[2].However,these reports[[1],[2],[3]]did not cover many vital parameters for lipoprotein components(e.g.,cholesterol-esters and total-lipids),fatty acids,and N-acetyl-glycoproteins(NAGs).
文摘The review by Bangolo et al highlights the role of the gut microbiome in cancerassociated anemia(CAA).However,the impact of microbiome-derived metabolites is underexplored.In this letter,we focus on short-chain fatty acids,tryptophan metabolites,and polyamines as key mediators linking dysbiosis to impaired erythropoiesis and iron homeostasis.We also propose a research framework that integrates multi-omics analysis and gnotobiotic models.Finally,we discuss the clinical potential of metabolite-based diagnostics and microbiome-targeted therapies in managing CAA.
