With the advent of plastics and the wide range of fillers that are available have made modifications as precise as the tailored resins themselves. To modify the properties of polymer either by using fillers or by prep...With the advent of plastics and the wide range of fillers that are available have made modifications as precise as the tailored resins themselves. To modify the properties of polymer either by using fillers or by preparation of polymer blends gives rise to new materials with tailored properties. More complex, three-component systems, obtained by the addition of polymeric modifier to polymer filled composites may be of interest. Use of Fly ash cenospheres is very attractive because it is inexpensive and its use can reduce the environmental pollution to a significant extent. In the present study, Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA)-Fly ash cenospheres composites were prepared using extrusion followed by Injection molding. The effect of matrix modification with Methyl methacrylate– acrylonitrile -butadiene–styrene (MABS) on the performance of PMMA- Fly ash cenospheres compositions was also, studied. It was found that with the addition of Fly ash cenospheres particulate as filler in PMMA showed marginal reduction in Tensile Strength, % Elongation and Impact strength and improvement in Flexural Strength, Heat Deflection Temperature and Vicat Softening Point. Compared with PMMA-cenospheres composites, the notched Impact Strength of the PMMA/MABS/cenospheres composites showed marginal enhancement in values at higher loading of cenospheres. The optimum performances in mechanical and thermal properties were obtained when the ratio of MABS to cenospheres was 1:2.展开更多
The emergence of MAX borides as well as MAB phases attracted great attention because of the renewable developments of ternary ceramics and offering great opportunities in potential applications.However,the number of b...The emergence of MAX borides as well as MAB phases attracted great attention because of the renewable developments of ternary ceramics and offering great opportunities in potential applications.However,the number of borides remains limited,and further fundamental descriptions and detailed investigations on various properties are still lacking.In this report,we employ an integrated computational scheme that combines density functional theory with the evolutional algorithm to search for the favorable structures of P-and S-glued ternary borides terminated by Nb metal.We discover that the structures of 212-type,as e.g.Nb_(2)PB_(2)and Nb_(2)SB_(2),belong to the P6m2 space group,while those of 211-type,as e.g.Nb_(2)PB and Nb_(2)SB,prefer to crystallize in the P6_(3)/mmc space group,and the corresponding carbides Nb_(2)PC and Nb_(2)SC are also considered for the sake of completeness and comparative analsys.The predicted Nb_(2)PB_(2),Nb_(2)PB,Nb_(2)SB,Nb_(2)PC and Nb_(2)SC are energetically stable,as revealed by the negative formation energies and by the proposed reaction paths with respect to the most competing phases,as well as dynamically stable,as suggested by the non-imaginary phonon spectra.The thermal conductivities of the six materials show unusual behaviors,particularly for the acoustic and optical contributions,and are accompanied by a strong anisotropy.Most importantly,Nb_(2)PB_(2) is found to be an excellent thermal conductor with a total thermal conductivity of~65 W/(m K),while Nb_(2)SC is found to be an ultra-low thermal conductor,with a total thermal conductivity of~5 W/(m K).These values are clearly outside the currently reported range of thermal conductivities,which makes Nb_(2)PB_(2)and Nb_(2)SC extremely interesting for fundamental research as well as prospective applications with the aid of artificial tunings on the almost independent MB block and the A layer.The discovery of these novel materials is expected to contribute substantially to the rapid development of ternary ceramics and to accelerate attempts in the applicability of MAX phases for heat conduction.展开更多
A collaborative team led by Profs George Fu Gao(高福)and Yan JingHua(严景华)from the Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),reported the identification of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies(MAbs)fr...A collaborative team led by Profs George Fu Gao(高福)and Yan JingHua(严景华)from the Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),reported the identification of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies(MAbs)from a convalescent Rift Valley fever(RVF)patient,which facilitates the development of MAbs-based therapeutics and vaccines against Rift Valley fever virus(RVFV)infection.This work was published in Nature Microbiology(April 1st,2019),with the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Drs.Wang QiHui(王奇慧),Chen ZhiHai(陈志海)and Wu Yan(吴燕),as well as Miss Ma Tong(马桐)contributed equally to this work.展开更多
2025年9月,联合国教科文组织第五届世界生物圈保护区大会将在中国杭州举行。这次十年一度的大会将制定人与生物圈计划杭州战略行动计划(简称杭州行动计划),旨在明确人与生物圈计划在应对生物多样性和可持续发展等全球挑战中的使命,并确...2025年9月,联合国教科文组织第五届世界生物圈保护区大会将在中国杭州举行。这次十年一度的大会将制定人与生物圈计划杭州战略行动计划(简称杭州行动计划),旨在明确人与生物圈计划在应对生物多样性和可持续发展等全球挑战中的使命,并确定世界生物圈保护区网络(World Network of Biosphere Reserves,WNBR)的角色和任务。为此,人与生物圈计划及WNBR需要更新其研究和行动议程,聚焦生物圈的完整性与韧性,并更加关注生态修复、绿色经济以及生物圈数字孪生建设等领域。人与生物圈计划必须进一步深化其伙伴关系,特别是与相关国际公约和国际计划、联合国教科文组织的科学计划展开合作;以及与生物圈保护区所在地区的管理部门携手合作,从而确保该计划的议程能够与各国具体多样的发展实际相结合。在当前全球可持续发展的关键时期,人与生物圈计划必须积极作为,调动全球资源与能力,为实现人与自然的和谐共生贡献力量。展开更多
H9N2 avian influenza viruses(AIVs)are widely distributed,causing continuous outbreaks in poultry and sporadic infections in humans.Vaccination is the primary method used to prevent and control H9N2 AIV infection.Howev...H9N2 avian influenza viruses(AIVs)are widely distributed,causing continuous outbreaks in poultry and sporadic infections in humans.Vaccination is the primary method used to prevent and control H9N2 AIV infection.However,the ongoing evolution and mutation of AIVs often result in limited protection effects from vaccines.Therapeutic mon-oclonal antibodies(mAbs)targeting influenza viruses offer a promising alternative.In this study,we immunized mice with inactivated H9N2-W1 virus,and we screened and acquired five mAbs,namely 4D12,F4,5C8,2G8 and A11.We showed that all five mAbs specifically targeted the HA protein of various H9N2 AIV strains.In vitro neutralization tests demonstrated that all five mAbs exhibited neutralization activity against H9N2 AIVs,with mAb F4 displaying the most potent neutralization effect.The F4 mAb exhibited dose-dependent preventive and therapeutic effects against lethal H9N2-115 infection,and the administration of F4 at a dose of 3μg/g provided complete protection in vivo.Our study presents an alternative approach for preventing and controlling H9N2 AIV infection.Furthermore,the identified F4 mAb holds promise as a solution to potential pandemics in humans caused by H9N2 AIVs.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal borides(MBenes)have emerged as a rising star and hold great potential promise for catalysis and metal ion batteries owing to a well-defined layered structure and ex-cellent electric...Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal borides(MBenes)have emerged as a rising star and hold great potential promise for catalysis and metal ion batteries owing to a well-defined layered structure and ex-cellent electrical conductivity.Unlike well-studied graphene,perovskite and MXene materials in various fields,the research about MBene is still in its infancy.The inadequate exploration of efficient etching methods impedes their further study.Herein,we put forward an efficient microwave-assisted hydrother-mal alkaline solution etching strategy for exfoliating MoAlB MAB phase into 2D MoB MBenes with a well accordion-like structure,which displays a remarkable electrochemical performance in sodium ion batter-ies(SIBs)with a reversible specific capacity of 196.5 mAh g^(-1)at the current density of 50 mA g^(-1),and 138.6 mAh g^(-1)after 500 cycles at the current density of 0.5 A g^(-1).The underlying mechanism toward excellent electrochemical performance are revealed by comprehensive theoretical simulations.This work proves that MBene is a competitive candidate as the next generation anode of sodium ion batteries.展开更多
New discovery in whisker growth on Cr-Al-B MAB phase,which was formed during hot-dip aluminizing and subsequent thermal diffusion treatment of Fe-Cr-B cast steel,after cultivation under 400℃,was found.Specifically,al...New discovery in whisker growth on Cr-Al-B MAB phase,which was formed during hot-dip aluminizing and subsequent thermal diffusion treatment of Fe-Cr-B cast steel,after cultivation under 400℃,was found.Specifically,along with the growth of Sn whiskers on the whitened Cr-Al-B MAB phase,Al whiskers also formed,mainly attributed to the thermal activation of whisker cultivation at 400℃and promotion effect of Sn in the Cr-(Al,Sn)-B MAB phase solid solution.Partial Al whiskers,interspersed with small amounts of Sn,exhibited transparency under the scanning electron microscopy image.These whiskers underwent random growth and sucking back into the matrix simultaneously.The temperature during whisker cultivation had a significant effect on the whisker growth.展开更多
文摘With the advent of plastics and the wide range of fillers that are available have made modifications as precise as the tailored resins themselves. To modify the properties of polymer either by using fillers or by preparation of polymer blends gives rise to new materials with tailored properties. More complex, three-component systems, obtained by the addition of polymeric modifier to polymer filled composites may be of interest. Use of Fly ash cenospheres is very attractive because it is inexpensive and its use can reduce the environmental pollution to a significant extent. In the present study, Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA)-Fly ash cenospheres composites were prepared using extrusion followed by Injection molding. The effect of matrix modification with Methyl methacrylate– acrylonitrile -butadiene–styrene (MABS) on the performance of PMMA- Fly ash cenospheres compositions was also, studied. It was found that with the addition of Fly ash cenospheres particulate as filler in PMMA showed marginal reduction in Tensile Strength, % Elongation and Impact strength and improvement in Flexural Strength, Heat Deflection Temperature and Vicat Softening Point. Compared with PMMA-cenospheres composites, the notched Impact Strength of the PMMA/MABS/cenospheres composites showed marginal enhancement in values at higher loading of cenospheres. The optimum performances in mechanical and thermal properties were obtained when the ratio of MABS to cenospheres was 1:2.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51902052)partially supported by“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”+1 种基金supported by appointments to the JRG program at the APCTP through the Science and Technology Promotion Fund and Lottery Fund of the Korean Government,the Korean Local Governments,Gyeongsangbuk-do Province and Pohang Citypartially funded by the Swedish Research Council through grant agreement no.2018-05973 for providing the facility support on the numerical calculations in this paper。
文摘The emergence of MAX borides as well as MAB phases attracted great attention because of the renewable developments of ternary ceramics and offering great opportunities in potential applications.However,the number of borides remains limited,and further fundamental descriptions and detailed investigations on various properties are still lacking.In this report,we employ an integrated computational scheme that combines density functional theory with the evolutional algorithm to search for the favorable structures of P-and S-glued ternary borides terminated by Nb metal.We discover that the structures of 212-type,as e.g.Nb_(2)PB_(2)and Nb_(2)SB_(2),belong to the P6m2 space group,while those of 211-type,as e.g.Nb_(2)PB and Nb_(2)SB,prefer to crystallize in the P6_(3)/mmc space group,and the corresponding carbides Nb_(2)PC and Nb_(2)SC are also considered for the sake of completeness and comparative analsys.The predicted Nb_(2)PB_(2),Nb_(2)PB,Nb_(2)SB,Nb_(2)PC and Nb_(2)SC are energetically stable,as revealed by the negative formation energies and by the proposed reaction paths with respect to the most competing phases,as well as dynamically stable,as suggested by the non-imaginary phonon spectra.The thermal conductivities of the six materials show unusual behaviors,particularly for the acoustic and optical contributions,and are accompanied by a strong anisotropy.Most importantly,Nb_(2)PB_(2) is found to be an excellent thermal conductor with a total thermal conductivity of~65 W/(m K),while Nb_(2)SC is found to be an ultra-low thermal conductor,with a total thermal conductivity of~5 W/(m K).These values are clearly outside the currently reported range of thermal conductivities,which makes Nb_(2)PB_(2)and Nb_(2)SC extremely interesting for fundamental research as well as prospective applications with the aid of artificial tunings on the almost independent MB block and the A layer.The discovery of these novel materials is expected to contribute substantially to the rapid development of ternary ceramics and to accelerate attempts in the applicability of MAX phases for heat conduction.
文摘A collaborative team led by Profs George Fu Gao(高福)and Yan JingHua(严景华)from the Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),reported the identification of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies(MAbs)from a convalescent Rift Valley fever(RVF)patient,which facilitates the development of MAbs-based therapeutics and vaccines against Rift Valley fever virus(RVFV)infection.This work was published in Nature Microbiology(April 1st,2019),with the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Drs.Wang QiHui(王奇慧),Chen ZhiHai(陈志海)and Wu Yan(吴燕),as well as Miss Ma Tong(马桐)contributed equally to this work.
文摘2025年9月,联合国教科文组织第五届世界生物圈保护区大会将在中国杭州举行。这次十年一度的大会将制定人与生物圈计划杭州战略行动计划(简称杭州行动计划),旨在明确人与生物圈计划在应对生物多样性和可持续发展等全球挑战中的使命,并确定世界生物圈保护区网络(World Network of Biosphere Reserves,WNBR)的角色和任务。为此,人与生物圈计划及WNBR需要更新其研究和行动议程,聚焦生物圈的完整性与韧性,并更加关注生态修复、绿色经济以及生物圈数字孪生建设等领域。人与生物圈计划必须进一步深化其伙伴关系,特别是与相关国际公约和国际计划、联合国教科文组织的科学计划展开合作;以及与生物圈保护区所在地区的管理部门携手合作,从而确保该计划的议程能够与各国具体多样的发展实际相结合。在当前全球可持续发展的关键时期,人与生物圈计划必须积极作为,调动全球资源与能力,为实现人与自然的和谐共生贡献力量。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFD1801005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32025036 and 32060795)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662023PY005)Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2022hszd005)the earmarked fund for CARS-41the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2021CFA016)Flexible talent introduction project of Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College(00000198)。
文摘H9N2 avian influenza viruses(AIVs)are widely distributed,causing continuous outbreaks in poultry and sporadic infections in humans.Vaccination is the primary method used to prevent and control H9N2 AIV infection.However,the ongoing evolution and mutation of AIVs often result in limited protection effects from vaccines.Therapeutic mon-oclonal antibodies(mAbs)targeting influenza viruses offer a promising alternative.In this study,we immunized mice with inactivated H9N2-W1 virus,and we screened and acquired five mAbs,namely 4D12,F4,5C8,2G8 and A11.We showed that all five mAbs specifically targeted the HA protein of various H9N2 AIV strains.In vitro neutralization tests demonstrated that all five mAbs exhibited neutralization activity against H9N2 AIVs,with mAb F4 displaying the most potent neutralization effect.The F4 mAb exhibited dose-dependent preventive and therapeutic effects against lethal H9N2-115 infection,and the administration of F4 at a dose of 3μg/g provided complete protection in vivo.Our study presents an alternative approach for preventing and controlling H9N2 AIV infection.Furthermore,the identified F4 mAb holds promise as a solution to potential pandemics in humans caused by H9N2 AIVs.
基金supported by the National Key Re-search and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC1909604)SZIIT Startup Fund(No.SZIIT2022KJ072)+1 种基金Shenzhen Peacock Project Startup Fund(No.RC2023-002)Shenzhen Steady General Projects(No.KJ2024C010).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal borides(MBenes)have emerged as a rising star and hold great potential promise for catalysis and metal ion batteries owing to a well-defined layered structure and ex-cellent electrical conductivity.Unlike well-studied graphene,perovskite and MXene materials in various fields,the research about MBene is still in its infancy.The inadequate exploration of efficient etching methods impedes their further study.Herein,we put forward an efficient microwave-assisted hydrother-mal alkaline solution etching strategy for exfoliating MoAlB MAB phase into 2D MoB MBenes with a well accordion-like structure,which displays a remarkable electrochemical performance in sodium ion batter-ies(SIBs)with a reversible specific capacity of 196.5 mAh g^(-1)at the current density of 50 mA g^(-1),and 138.6 mAh g^(-1)after 500 cycles at the current density of 0.5 A g^(-1).The underlying mechanism toward excellent electrochemical performance are revealed by comprehensive theoretical simulations.This work proves that MBene is a competitive candidate as the next generation anode of sodium ion batteries.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42066003 and 51701053)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(Grant No.ZDYF2023GXJS148)+1 种基金General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(Grant Nos.420RC522 and 517076)Evaluation Project of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory(Grant No.2023B1212060043).
文摘New discovery in whisker growth on Cr-Al-B MAB phase,which was formed during hot-dip aluminizing and subsequent thermal diffusion treatment of Fe-Cr-B cast steel,after cultivation under 400℃,was found.Specifically,along with the growth of Sn whiskers on the whitened Cr-Al-B MAB phase,Al whiskers also formed,mainly attributed to the thermal activation of whisker cultivation at 400℃and promotion effect of Sn in the Cr-(Al,Sn)-B MAB phase solid solution.Partial Al whiskers,interspersed with small amounts of Sn,exhibited transparency under the scanning electron microscopy image.These whiskers underwent random growth and sucking back into the matrix simultaneously.The temperature during whisker cultivation had a significant effect on the whisker growth.
