Galloping of power transmission lines might bring about huge damage such as massive power outage and collapse of the transmission towers. To realize forecast of the galloping and provide data for study on the gallopin...Galloping of power transmission lines might bring about huge damage such as massive power outage and collapse of the transmission towers. To realize forecast of the galloping and provide data for study on the galloping mechanism, this paper proposes an online monitoring system for tracking galloping profile of power transmission lines based on wireless inertial measurement units (WIMUs). The system is composed of three modules: wireless inertial measurement nodes, monitoring base station, and remote monitoring station. After detailing the hardware system, the corresponding software which positions and displays galloping profile of the transmission line in real-time is outlined. The feasibility of the proposed on-line monitoring system is demonstrated through a series of experiments at the State Grid Key Laboratory of Power Overhead Transmission Line Galloping (Zhengzhou, China) by taking into account different vibration patterns.展开更多
目的:对重症监护室病人发生中心静脉导管相关血流感染影响因素的相关研究进行范围综述。方法:按照Arksey和O'Malley的范围综述报告框架,根据循证资源“5S”金字塔模型,自上而下依次检索BMJ最佳临床实践、国际指南协作网(GIN)、美国...目的:对重症监护室病人发生中心静脉导管相关血流感染影响因素的相关研究进行范围综述。方法:按照Arksey和O'Malley的范围综述报告框架,根据循证资源“5S”金字塔模型,自上而下依次检索BMJ最佳临床实践、国际指南协作网(GIN)、美国国立指南文库(NGC)、英国国家临床优化研究所指南库(NICE)、苏格兰学院间指南网络(SIGN)、加拿大安大略注册护士协会(RNAO)、医脉通、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)循证卫生保健中心、PubMed、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库,文献类型包括临床实践指南、证据总结、最佳实践、实践推荐、系统评价及原始研究。检索时限为2019年1月1日—2024年9月30日。对中英文文献进行检索和筛选,对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。结果:共纳入22篇文献,来自22个国家,包括4篇指南、1篇证据总结、2篇专家共识、1篇实践推荐、3篇系统评价及11篇原始研究。文献分析提示重症监护室病人发生中心静脉导管相关血流感染的影响因素包括人口学特征相关因素;疾病、治疗及住院相关因素;置管因素;导管维护的无菌技术;导管维护时医护人员的操作行为等。结论:重症监护室病人中心静脉导管相关血流感染的影响因素具有复杂性、多样性,未来医疗机构可基于上述影响因素优化中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控的监测指标。在医护人员操作方面可控性较强,医院应对重症监护室医护人员加强监督、规范导管操作流程,提升操作者的技能水平及专业素养,以降低重症监护室病人中心静脉导管相关血流感染发生率。展开更多
A reconfigurable propulsion unit based on the Peaucellier-Lipkin mechanism has the ability to describe exact straight or curved paths depending on the selected ratio between the lengths of two of its links. The Peauce...A reconfigurable propulsion unit based on the Peaucellier-Lipkin mechanism has the ability to describe exact straight or curved paths depending on the selected ratio between the lengths of two of its links. The Peaucellier-Lipkin mechanism with one degree of freedom is transformed into a more sophisticated parallel kinematic chain by including four more degrees of freedom. The resulting propulsion unit is able to adapt its kinematic structure and reach instant centers of rotation, in accordance with the presence of three points that border a geometric path. A laser sensor mounted on the body of the machine detects each point. Once the machine has detected the exact location of the border of the road, it walks along a curve parallel to that border. Although the proposed research describes only one propulsion unit or leg, the methodology can be applied to all the legs of the walking machine. The novel 5-DOF leg is able to reach different centers of rotation, providing either the concave or convex arcs that satisfy the basic principle of displacement of walking machines.展开更多
The universal creep function derived from the kinetic equations is successful in relating the creep (ε) to the aging time (t a), coefficient of retardation time (β), and intrinsic time (t 0). The rel...The universal creep function derived from the kinetic equations is successful in relating the creep (ε) to the aging time (t a), coefficient of retardation time (β), and intrinsic time (t 0). The relation was used to treat the creep experimental data for polystyrene (PS) specimens which were aged at a given temperature and different times (short term) and tested at a certain temperature and different stress levels. Then unified master lines were constructed with the treated data and curves according to the universal equation. The master lines can be used to predict the long term creep behaviour and lifetime by extrapolating to a required ultimate strain. The verifications of results obtained with this method were shown as well.展开更多
The universal creep equation relates creep behavior (ε/ε 0) to aging time (t a), coefficient of retardation time (β), and intrinsic time (t 0). The relation was used to treat the creep experimental ...The universal creep equation relates creep behavior (ε/ε 0) to aging time (t a), coefficient of retardation time (β), and intrinsic time (t 0). The relation was used to treat the creep experimental data for pipe specimens of polypropylene block copolymer (PPC), which were aged for different days (short term) and tested under different stress levels at a certain temperature. Then unified master lines were constructed with the treated data and curves according to the universal equation. The master straight lines can be used for extrapolation to predict the long term creep behavior and lifetime of the pipe materials of PPC in the same way as plate materials.展开更多
目的:分析失效模式与效应分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)在口腔综合治疗台水路(DUWLs)污染管理中的应用,为临床口腔综合治疗台水路污染防控提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取某三级甲等口腔专科医院40台口腔综合治疗台(...目的:分析失效模式与效应分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)在口腔综合治疗台水路(DUWLs)污染管理中的应用,为临床口腔综合治疗台水路污染防控提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取某三级甲等口腔专科医院40台口腔综合治疗台(DCU)为研究对象,应用失效模式与效应分析法风险管理工具,组建多学科团队,通过对口腔综合治疗台所在科室口腔综合治疗台管理相关人员进行隐蔽性参与式观察,发现口腔综合治疗台管理过程中潜在失效模式及潜在失效结果,对高风险失效模式制定并实施一系列干预措施。比较失效模式与效应分析法实施前后口腔综合治疗台手机端、三用枪、漱口水端开诊前及诊疗之间医务人员冲洗行为的依从率及正确率、各失效模式的风险优先指数(RPN)降低率以及诊疗用水合格率。结果:与干预前相比,实施失效模式与效应分析法管理后口腔综合治疗台手机端、三用枪、漱口水端开诊前及诊疗之间医务人员冲洗行为的依从率及正确率均提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与干预前相比,实施失效模式与效应分析法管理后各项高风险失效模式RPN值均下降;与干预前相比,口腔综合治疗台手机端、三用枪、漱口水端诊疗用水合格率提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:运用失效模式与效应分析法风险管理工具能有效提升口腔医务人员口腔综合治疗台水路污染管理水平,提高口腔诊疗用水合格率。展开更多
Calculus bovis is commonly used for the treatment of stroke in traditional Chinese medicine. Hyodeoxycholic acid(HDCA) is a bioactive compound extracted from calculus bovis. When combined with cholic acid, baicalin an...Calculus bovis is commonly used for the treatment of stroke in traditional Chinese medicine. Hyodeoxycholic acid(HDCA) is a bioactive compound extracted from calculus bovis. When combined with cholic acid, baicalin and jas-minoidin, HDCA prevents hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced brain injury by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptotic signaling. However, the effects of HDCA in ischemic stroke injury have not yet been studied. Neurovascular unit(NVU) dysfunction occurs in ischemic stroke. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of HDCA on the NVU under ischemic conditions in vitro. We co-cultured primary brain microvascular endothelial cells, neurons and astrocytes using a transwell chamber co-culture system. The NVU was pre-treated with 10.16 or 2.54 μg/mL HDCA for 24 hours before exposure to oxygen-glucose deprivation for 1 hour. The cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect cell activity. Flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling were used to assess apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. Oxidative stress-related factors, such as superoxide dismutase, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde and γ-glutamyltransferase, were measured using kits. Pretreatment with HDCA significantly decreased blood-brain barrier permeability and neuronal apoptosis, significantly increased transendothelial electrical resistance and γ-glutamyltransferase activity, attenuated oxidative stress damage and the release of inflammatory cytokines, and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression. Our findings suggest that HDCA maintains NVU morphological integrity and function by modulating inflammation, oxidation stress, apoptosis, and the expression of neurotrophic factors. Therefore, HDCA may have therapeutic potential in the clinical management of ischemic stroke. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Experimental Animals of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(approval No. BUCM-3-2016040201-2003) in April 2016.展开更多
目的 以用户体验为中心,了解监护室中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控数据管理平台的可用性,为其推广奠定基础。方法 2024年9-11月,采用目的抽样法选择上海、山东、四川、南通等地共7所三级医院的11名重症监护室(intensive care unit, ICU)...目的 以用户体验为中心,了解监护室中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控数据管理平台的可用性,为其推广奠定基础。方法 2024年9-11月,采用目的抽样法选择上海、山东、四川、南通等地共7所三级医院的11名重症监护室(intensive care unit, ICU)临床护士和6名ICU护士长参加平台用户测试并进行使用体验访谈。2024年11月,采用便利抽样法选择164名使用过平台的ICU护士填写研究后系统可用性问卷(post-study system usability questionnaire, PSSUQ),以评估用户对平台的满意度。结果 17名平台用户完成了7项测试任务并接受访谈后反馈平台使用的整体感觉较好,各项功能完善,该平台的应用对于临床护理及医疗决策有重要的意义;同时也对平台的不足之处提出了意见。接受问卷调查的164名ICU护士PSSUQ得分为(2.02±1.12)分。结论 平台整体可用性良好,值得推广,未来需要进一步优化。展开更多
文摘Galloping of power transmission lines might bring about huge damage such as massive power outage and collapse of the transmission towers. To realize forecast of the galloping and provide data for study on the galloping mechanism, this paper proposes an online monitoring system for tracking galloping profile of power transmission lines based on wireless inertial measurement units (WIMUs). The system is composed of three modules: wireless inertial measurement nodes, monitoring base station, and remote monitoring station. After detailing the hardware system, the corresponding software which positions and displays galloping profile of the transmission line in real-time is outlined. The feasibility of the proposed on-line monitoring system is demonstrated through a series of experiments at the State Grid Key Laboratory of Power Overhead Transmission Line Galloping (Zhengzhou, China) by taking into account different vibration patterns.
文摘目的:对重症监护室病人发生中心静脉导管相关血流感染影响因素的相关研究进行范围综述。方法:按照Arksey和O'Malley的范围综述报告框架,根据循证资源“5S”金字塔模型,自上而下依次检索BMJ最佳临床实践、国际指南协作网(GIN)、美国国立指南文库(NGC)、英国国家临床优化研究所指南库(NICE)、苏格兰学院间指南网络(SIGN)、加拿大安大略注册护士协会(RNAO)、医脉通、澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)循证卫生保健中心、PubMed、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库,文献类型包括临床实践指南、证据总结、最佳实践、实践推荐、系统评价及原始研究。检索时限为2019年1月1日—2024年9月30日。对中英文文献进行检索和筛选,对纳入文献进行汇总和分析。结果:共纳入22篇文献,来自22个国家,包括4篇指南、1篇证据总结、2篇专家共识、1篇实践推荐、3篇系统评价及11篇原始研究。文献分析提示重症监护室病人发生中心静脉导管相关血流感染的影响因素包括人口学特征相关因素;疾病、治疗及住院相关因素;置管因素;导管维护的无菌技术;导管维护时医护人员的操作行为等。结论:重症监护室病人中心静脉导管相关血流感染的影响因素具有复杂性、多样性,未来医疗机构可基于上述影响因素优化中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控的监测指标。在医护人员操作方面可控性较强,医院应对重症监护室医护人员加强监督、规范导管操作流程,提升操作者的技能水平及专业素养,以降低重症监护室病人中心静脉导管相关血流感染发生率。
基金Supported by Postgraduate Department of School of Mechanical Engineering,Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo,Francisco J.Múgica S/N Ciudad Universitaria,C.P.58030,Morelia,Michoacán,México
文摘A reconfigurable propulsion unit based on the Peaucellier-Lipkin mechanism has the ability to describe exact straight or curved paths depending on the selected ratio between the lengths of two of its links. The Peaucellier-Lipkin mechanism with one degree of freedom is transformed into a more sophisticated parallel kinematic chain by including four more degrees of freedom. The resulting propulsion unit is able to adapt its kinematic structure and reach instant centers of rotation, in accordance with the presence of three points that border a geometric path. A laser sensor mounted on the body of the machine detects each point. Once the machine has detected the exact location of the border of the road, it walks along a curve parallel to that border. Although the proposed research describes only one propulsion unit or leg, the methodology can be applied to all the legs of the walking machine. The novel 5-DOF leg is able to reach different centers of rotation, providing either the concave or convex arcs that satisfy the basic principle of displacement of walking machines.
文摘The universal creep function derived from the kinetic equations is successful in relating the creep (ε) to the aging time (t a), coefficient of retardation time (β), and intrinsic time (t 0). The relation was used to treat the creep experimental data for polystyrene (PS) specimens which were aged at a given temperature and different times (short term) and tested at a certain temperature and different stress levels. Then unified master lines were constructed with the treated data and curves according to the universal equation. The master lines can be used to predict the long term creep behaviour and lifetime by extrapolating to a required ultimate strain. The verifications of results obtained with this method were shown as well.
文摘The universal creep equation relates creep behavior (ε/ε 0) to aging time (t a), coefficient of retardation time (β), and intrinsic time (t 0). The relation was used to treat the creep experimental data for pipe specimens of polypropylene block copolymer (PPC), which were aged for different days (short term) and tested under different stress levels at a certain temperature. Then unified master lines were constructed with the treated data and curves according to the universal equation. The master straight lines can be used for extrapolation to predict the long term creep behavior and lifetime of the pipe materials of PPC in the same way as plate materials.
文摘目的:分析失效模式与效应分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)在口腔综合治疗台水路(DUWLs)污染管理中的应用,为临床口腔综合治疗台水路污染防控提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取某三级甲等口腔专科医院40台口腔综合治疗台(DCU)为研究对象,应用失效模式与效应分析法风险管理工具,组建多学科团队,通过对口腔综合治疗台所在科室口腔综合治疗台管理相关人员进行隐蔽性参与式观察,发现口腔综合治疗台管理过程中潜在失效模式及潜在失效结果,对高风险失效模式制定并实施一系列干预措施。比较失效模式与效应分析法实施前后口腔综合治疗台手机端、三用枪、漱口水端开诊前及诊疗之间医务人员冲洗行为的依从率及正确率、各失效模式的风险优先指数(RPN)降低率以及诊疗用水合格率。结果:与干预前相比,实施失效模式与效应分析法管理后口腔综合治疗台手机端、三用枪、漱口水端开诊前及诊疗之间医务人员冲洗行为的依从率及正确率均提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与干预前相比,实施失效模式与效应分析法管理后各项高风险失效模式RPN值均下降;与干预前相比,口腔综合治疗台手机端、三用枪、漱口水端诊疗用水合格率提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:运用失效模式与效应分析法风险管理工具能有效提升口腔医务人员口腔综合治疗台水路污染管理水平,提高口腔诊疗用水合格率。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81430102(to QGW)
文摘Calculus bovis is commonly used for the treatment of stroke in traditional Chinese medicine. Hyodeoxycholic acid(HDCA) is a bioactive compound extracted from calculus bovis. When combined with cholic acid, baicalin and jas-minoidin, HDCA prevents hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced brain injury by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptotic signaling. However, the effects of HDCA in ischemic stroke injury have not yet been studied. Neurovascular unit(NVU) dysfunction occurs in ischemic stroke. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of HDCA on the NVU under ischemic conditions in vitro. We co-cultured primary brain microvascular endothelial cells, neurons and astrocytes using a transwell chamber co-culture system. The NVU was pre-treated with 10.16 or 2.54 μg/mL HDCA for 24 hours before exposure to oxygen-glucose deprivation for 1 hour. The cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect cell activity. Flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling were used to assess apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. Oxidative stress-related factors, such as superoxide dismutase, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde and γ-glutamyltransferase, were measured using kits. Pretreatment with HDCA significantly decreased blood-brain barrier permeability and neuronal apoptosis, significantly increased transendothelial electrical resistance and γ-glutamyltransferase activity, attenuated oxidative stress damage and the release of inflammatory cytokines, and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression. Our findings suggest that HDCA maintains NVU morphological integrity and function by modulating inflammation, oxidation stress, apoptosis, and the expression of neurotrophic factors. Therefore, HDCA may have therapeutic potential in the clinical management of ischemic stroke. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Experimental Animals of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(approval No. BUCM-3-2016040201-2003) in April 2016.
文摘目的 以用户体验为中心,了解监护室中心静脉导管相关血流感染防控数据管理平台的可用性,为其推广奠定基础。方法 2024年9-11月,采用目的抽样法选择上海、山东、四川、南通等地共7所三级医院的11名重症监护室(intensive care unit, ICU)临床护士和6名ICU护士长参加平台用户测试并进行使用体验访谈。2024年11月,采用便利抽样法选择164名使用过平台的ICU护士填写研究后系统可用性问卷(post-study system usability questionnaire, PSSUQ),以评估用户对平台的满意度。结果 17名平台用户完成了7项测试任务并接受访谈后反馈平台使用的整体感觉较好,各项功能完善,该平台的应用对于临床护理及医疗决策有重要的意义;同时也对平台的不足之处提出了意见。接受问卷调查的164名ICU护士PSSUQ得分为(2.02±1.12)分。结论 平台整体可用性良好,值得推广,未来需要进一步优化。
