皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤(cutaneous T-cell lymphoma,CTCL)是原发于皮肤的一组非霍奇金淋巴瘤,具有高度异质性,进展期治疗难度大。近年来,Janus激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子(Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,JA...皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤(cutaneous T-cell lymphoma,CTCL)是原发于皮肤的一组非霍奇金淋巴瘤,具有高度异质性,进展期治疗难度大。近年来,Janus激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子(Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,JAK/STAT)信号通路受到广泛关注,该通路已被证实与多种炎症性疾病及肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。然而,JAK/STAT通路能否作为CTCL的治疗靶点,目前尚无明确结论。值得注意的是,临床报道提示,JAK抑制剂可能增加CTCL的发病风险。本文就JAK/STAT通路在CTCL发生发展中的作用,以及JAK抑制剂在治疗或诱发CTCL方面的相关临床研究进展进行综述。展开更多
声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler,ADCP)是目前海洋、江河流速测量的最主要仪器之一。已有对于ADCP的安装偏差分析大多是针对其安装在船上后,基阵发生偏移的安装偏差。针对5个超声换能器集成为五波束Janus结构A...声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler,ADCP)是目前海洋、江河流速测量的最主要仪器之一。已有对于ADCP的安装偏差分析大多是针对其安装在船上后,基阵发生偏移的安装偏差。针对5个超声换能器集成为五波束Janus结构ADCP后,由于机械加工、安装工艺造成的安装偏差,提出将安装偏差分为安装位置偏差和安装角度偏差两部分进行研究。证明了在100 m探测距离内,毫米级安装位置偏差等效于10^(-3)~10^(-2)度级安装角度偏差,得出了安装角度偏差是安装偏差中最主要部分的结论。设计了基于回波延时测距搭配高精度姿态仪的安装偏差校准方法,并通过仿真分析了校准过程中不同因素对校准精度的影响,以针对不同校准精度需求选取不同的校准环境。结果表明该校准方法有一定实用价值,可以用来对超声换能器集成为五波束Janus结构后的安装偏差进行校准。展开更多
目的评价Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂联合中药治疗类风湿关节炎的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性收集169例类风湿关节炎患者的临床资料,将71例采用JAK抑制剂治疗的患者纳入对照组,98例采用JAK抑制剂+中药治疗的患者纳入观察组,疗程均为24周。评...目的评价Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂联合中药治疗类风湿关节炎的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性收集169例类风湿关节炎患者的临床资料,将71例采用JAK抑制剂治疗的患者纳入对照组,98例采用JAK抑制剂+中药治疗的患者纳入观察组,疗程均为24周。评估两组患者治疗前后类风湿因子(RF)、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(anti-CCP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞计数(WBC)水平。检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普数据库、Pub Med和Web of Science自建库至2025年8月31日发表的JAK抑制剂联合中药治疗类风湿关节炎的随机对照试验,采用偏倚风险评估工具评价纳入文献的方法学质量,对RF、anti-CCP、ESR、CRP水平以及28个关节疾病活动度(DAS28)评分、临床总有效率、不良事件发生率进行Meta分析,并进行敏感性分析。结果回顾性研究结果显示,与本组治疗前比较,观察组治疗后ESR、CRP、anti-CCP水平降低,对照组治疗后ESR、CRP水平降低(P<0.05);且观察组治疗后ESR、RF水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。Meta分析共纳入9项随机对照试验,共770例患者。结果显示,JAK抑制剂+中药组在降低RF水平[MD=-8.97,95%CI(-15.01,-2.94),P=0.004]、CRP水平[MD=-3.34,95%CI(-3.82,-2.86),P<0.001]、ESR水平[MD=-5.33,95%CI(-7.98,-2.69),P<0.001]、DAS28评分[MD=-0.54,95%CI(-0.74,-0.34),P<0.001]以及提高临床总有效率[OR=4.53,95%CI(2.55,8.03),P<0.001]方面均优于JAK抑制剂组。两组anti-CCP水平[SMD=-2.08,95%CI(-4.41,0.24),P=0.080]和不良事件发生率[OR=0.93,95%CI(0.55,1.57),P=0.790]比较差异无统计学意义。结论JAK抑制剂联合中药治疗类风湿关节炎临床疗效显著,有助于改善疾病活动度,降低炎症因子水平,且安全性较好。展开更多
Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimeti...Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimetic Janus nanofiber membrane as a water diode,which endows with gradient wettability and gradient pore size,offering sustainable unidirectional self-drainage and antibacterial properties for enhanced diabetic wound healing.The Janus membrane is fabricated by depositing a hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile/chlorin e6 layer with smaller pore sizes onto a hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone)with larger pore sizes,thereby generating a vertical gradient in both wettability and pore structure.The incorporation of chlorin e6 in the upper layer enables the utilization of external light energy to generate heat for evaporation and produce reactive oxygen species,achieving a high sterilization efficiency of 99%.Meanwhile,the gradient structure of the Janus membrane facilitates continuous antigravity exudate drainage at a rate of 0.95 g cm^(−2) h^(−1).This dual functionality of effective exudate drainage and sterilization significantly reduces inflammatory factors,allows the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 proliferative phenotype,enhances angiogenesis,and accelerates wound healing.Therefore,this study provides a groundbreaking bioinspired strategy for the development of advanced wound dressings tailored for diabetic wound regeneration.展开更多
The efficient and safe delivery of messenger RNA(m RNA)therapeutics remains a critical challenge for clinical translation,driving the need for advanced carrier design.Ionizable amphiphilic Janus dendrimers(IAJDs)repre...The efficient and safe delivery of messenger RNA(m RNA)therapeutics remains a critical challenge for clinical translation,driving the need for advanced carrier design.Ionizable amphiphilic Janus dendrimers(IAJDs)represent a promising class of carriers;however,their structural complexity and limited available datasets hinder systematic exploration and optimization.In this study,we established a tailored machinelearning framework to investigate the structure-function relationships of IAJDs under a constrained data regime(n=231).Conventional molecular fingerprints were found to be suboptimal for representing these macromolecules,motivating the adoption of count-based descriptors and systematic ablation analyses to disentangle the contributions of the substructural features.These experiments identified key functional motifs underlying transfection performance and provided interpretable insights into the IAJD design principles.Complementing these handcrafted descriptors,we further applied deep learning-based molecular embeddings,which captured higher-order chemical semantics and significantly improved predictive accuracy.Collectively,these advances demonstrate that both refined fingerprinting and representation learning approaches can overcome data limitations,enabling the reliable prediction of IAJD activity while offering mechanistic interpretability.This study illustrates the potential of data-driven strategies as hypothesis-generation and prioritization tools for the design of next-generation m RNA delivery systems.展开更多
Solar-driven interfacial evaporation presents a promising approach to address global freshwater scarcity.Current challenges in photothermal membrane design lie in achieving concurrent optimization of high solar absorp...Solar-driven interfacial evaporation presents a promising approach to address global freshwater scarcity.Current challenges in photothermal membrane design lie in achieving concurrent optimization of high solar absorption,low thermal conductivity,and water transport,where existing materials fail to establish effective“water-heat-salt”synergistic regulation at the evaporation interface.This study develops a seamlessly integrated Janus membrane through growing hydrophilic Cu_(2−x)S nanostructure on a hydrophobic carbon cloth substrate with carbon black coating(CB/CC).By precisely engineering the submicron pore architecture within the Cu_(2−x)S layer,we established a synergistic optimization mechanism for interfacial water transport,heat management,and salt rejection.The resulting Janus membrane demonstrates a high evaporation rate of 2.22 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)under 1 sun with an energy efficiency of about 88.4%.Notably,the system maintains stable operation in hypersaline environments(20 wt%NaCl)and achieves continuous 5-h salt-resistant evaporation.Moreover,the Janus membranes can effectively purify various industrial wastewater,including acidic,alkaline,and organic pollutants.This study provides a new strategy for developing high-efficiency portable desalination systems through interfacial engineering of pore architecture.展开更多
文摘皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤(cutaneous T-cell lymphoma,CTCL)是原发于皮肤的一组非霍奇金淋巴瘤,具有高度异质性,进展期治疗难度大。近年来,Janus激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子(Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,JAK/STAT)信号通路受到广泛关注,该通路已被证实与多种炎症性疾病及肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。然而,JAK/STAT通路能否作为CTCL的治疗靶点,目前尚无明确结论。值得注意的是,临床报道提示,JAK抑制剂可能增加CTCL的发病风险。本文就JAK/STAT通路在CTCL发生发展中的作用,以及JAK抑制剂在治疗或诱发CTCL方面的相关临床研究进展进行综述。
文摘声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler,ADCP)是目前海洋、江河流速测量的最主要仪器之一。已有对于ADCP的安装偏差分析大多是针对其安装在船上后,基阵发生偏移的安装偏差。针对5个超声换能器集成为五波束Janus结构ADCP后,由于机械加工、安装工艺造成的安装偏差,提出将安装偏差分为安装位置偏差和安装角度偏差两部分进行研究。证明了在100 m探测距离内,毫米级安装位置偏差等效于10^(-3)~10^(-2)度级安装角度偏差,得出了安装角度偏差是安装偏差中最主要部分的结论。设计了基于回波延时测距搭配高精度姿态仪的安装偏差校准方法,并通过仿真分析了校准过程中不同因素对校准精度的影响,以针对不同校准精度需求选取不同的校准环境。结果表明该校准方法有一定实用价值,可以用来对超声换能器集成为五波束Janus结构后的安装偏差进行校准。
文摘目的评价Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂联合中药治疗类风湿关节炎的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性收集169例类风湿关节炎患者的临床资料,将71例采用JAK抑制剂治疗的患者纳入对照组,98例采用JAK抑制剂+中药治疗的患者纳入观察组,疗程均为24周。评估两组患者治疗前后类风湿因子(RF)、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(anti-CCP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞计数(WBC)水平。检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普数据库、Pub Med和Web of Science自建库至2025年8月31日发表的JAK抑制剂联合中药治疗类风湿关节炎的随机对照试验,采用偏倚风险评估工具评价纳入文献的方法学质量,对RF、anti-CCP、ESR、CRP水平以及28个关节疾病活动度(DAS28)评分、临床总有效率、不良事件发生率进行Meta分析,并进行敏感性分析。结果回顾性研究结果显示,与本组治疗前比较,观察组治疗后ESR、CRP、anti-CCP水平降低,对照组治疗后ESR、CRP水平降低(P<0.05);且观察组治疗后ESR、RF水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。Meta分析共纳入9项随机对照试验,共770例患者。结果显示,JAK抑制剂+中药组在降低RF水平[MD=-8.97,95%CI(-15.01,-2.94),P=0.004]、CRP水平[MD=-3.34,95%CI(-3.82,-2.86),P<0.001]、ESR水平[MD=-5.33,95%CI(-7.98,-2.69),P<0.001]、DAS28评分[MD=-0.54,95%CI(-0.74,-0.34),P<0.001]以及提高临床总有效率[OR=4.53,95%CI(2.55,8.03),P<0.001]方面均优于JAK抑制剂组。两组anti-CCP水平[SMD=-2.08,95%CI(-4.41,0.24),P=0.080]和不良事件发生率[OR=0.93,95%CI(0.55,1.57),P=0.790]比较差异无统计学意义。结论JAK抑制剂联合中药治疗类风湿关节炎临床疗效显著,有助于改善疾病活动度,降低炎症因子水平,且安全性较好。
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1201304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52503082)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2024M750402)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (GZC20230419)Shanghai Anticancer Association EYAS PROJECT (SACA-CY23C05)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2232023D-03, 2232024Y-01)
文摘Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimetic Janus nanofiber membrane as a water diode,which endows with gradient wettability and gradient pore size,offering sustainable unidirectional self-drainage and antibacterial properties for enhanced diabetic wound healing.The Janus membrane is fabricated by depositing a hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile/chlorin e6 layer with smaller pore sizes onto a hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone)with larger pore sizes,thereby generating a vertical gradient in both wettability and pore structure.The incorporation of chlorin e6 in the upper layer enables the utilization of external light energy to generate heat for evaporation and produce reactive oxygen species,achieving a high sterilization efficiency of 99%.Meanwhile,the gradient structure of the Janus membrane facilitates continuous antigravity exudate drainage at a rate of 0.95 g cm^(−2) h^(−1).This dual functionality of effective exudate drainage and sterilization significantly reduces inflammatory factors,allows the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 proliferative phenotype,enhances angiogenesis,and accelerates wound healing.Therefore,this study provides a groundbreaking bioinspired strategy for the development of advanced wound dressings tailored for diabetic wound regeneration.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFF0508600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22305081,32571562 and 52572303)+2 种基金Leading Talents in Shanghai in 2018,Shanghai Sailing Program(No.23YF1408600)111 project(No.B14018)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China。
文摘The efficient and safe delivery of messenger RNA(m RNA)therapeutics remains a critical challenge for clinical translation,driving the need for advanced carrier design.Ionizable amphiphilic Janus dendrimers(IAJDs)represent a promising class of carriers;however,their structural complexity and limited available datasets hinder systematic exploration and optimization.In this study,we established a tailored machinelearning framework to investigate the structure-function relationships of IAJDs under a constrained data regime(n=231).Conventional molecular fingerprints were found to be suboptimal for representing these macromolecules,motivating the adoption of count-based descriptors and systematic ablation analyses to disentangle the contributions of the substructural features.These experiments identified key functional motifs underlying transfection performance and provided interpretable insights into the IAJD design principles.Complementing these handcrafted descriptors,we further applied deep learning-based molecular embeddings,which captured higher-order chemical semantics and significantly improved predictive accuracy.Collectively,these advances demonstrate that both refined fingerprinting and representation learning approaches can overcome data limitations,enabling the reliable prediction of IAJD activity while offering mechanistic interpretability.This study illustrates the potential of data-driven strategies as hypothesis-generation and prioritization tools for the design of next-generation m RNA delivery systems.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52075309)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities(21JP021).
文摘Solar-driven interfacial evaporation presents a promising approach to address global freshwater scarcity.Current challenges in photothermal membrane design lie in achieving concurrent optimization of high solar absorption,low thermal conductivity,and water transport,where existing materials fail to establish effective“water-heat-salt”synergistic regulation at the evaporation interface.This study develops a seamlessly integrated Janus membrane through growing hydrophilic Cu_(2−x)S nanostructure on a hydrophobic carbon cloth substrate with carbon black coating(CB/CC).By precisely engineering the submicron pore architecture within the Cu_(2−x)S layer,we established a synergistic optimization mechanism for interfacial water transport,heat management,and salt rejection.The resulting Janus membrane demonstrates a high evaporation rate of 2.22 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)under 1 sun with an energy efficiency of about 88.4%.Notably,the system maintains stable operation in hypersaline environments(20 wt%NaCl)and achieves continuous 5-h salt-resistant evaporation.Moreover,the Janus membranes can effectively purify various industrial wastewater,including acidic,alkaline,and organic pollutants.This study provides a new strategy for developing high-efficiency portable desalination systems through interfacial engineering of pore architecture.
