摘要
声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler,ADCP)是目前海洋、江河流速测量的最主要仪器之一。已有对于ADCP的安装偏差分析大多是针对其安装在船上后,基阵发生偏移的安装偏差。针对5个超声换能器集成为五波束Janus结构ADCP后,由于机械加工、安装工艺造成的安装偏差,提出将安装偏差分为安装位置偏差和安装角度偏差两部分进行研究。证明了在100 m探测距离内,毫米级安装位置偏差等效于10^(-3)~10^(-2)度级安装角度偏差,得出了安装角度偏差是安装偏差中最主要部分的结论。设计了基于回波延时测距搭配高精度姿态仪的安装偏差校准方法,并通过仿真分析了校准过程中不同因素对校准精度的影响,以针对不同校准精度需求选取不同的校准环境。结果表明该校准方法有一定实用价值,可以用来对超声换能器集成为五波束Janus结构后的安装偏差进行校准。
The acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP)is one of the main instruments for measuring water flow rates in the ocean and rivers.Previous studies on the installation errors of ADCP have all focused on the installation errors caused by the displacement of the transducer array after installation on a ship.The installation errors of a 5-transducer Janus structure ADCP caused by the mechanical processing and installation procedures is analyzed.The installation errors are innovatively divided into positioning errors and installation angle errors.It is proved that millimeter-level positioning errors at a detection distance of 100 m are equivalent to 10^(-3)~10^(-2) degree-level installation angle errors,and the conclusion is drawn that installation angle errors are the most important part of the installation errors.A calibration method based on echo delay ranging combined with a high-precision attitude sensor is designed to correct the installation errors.The influence of different factors on the calibration accuracy during the calibration process is analyzed through simulation,and different calibration environments are selected according to different calibration accuracy requirements.The results show that the calibration method has certain practical value and can be used to calibrate the installation errors of a 5-transducer Janus structure ADCP.
作者
王红亮
柴哲凡
何常德
WANG Hongliang;CHAI Zhefan;HE Changde(State Key Laboratory of Extreme Environment Optoelectronic Dynamic Measurement Technology and Instrument,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)
出处
《测试技术学报》
2026年第1期88-95,共8页
Journal of Test and Measurement Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFF0720900)。
关键词
五波束Janus结构
声学多普勒流速剖面仪
超声换能器
安装偏差
five-beam Janus structure
acoustic Doppler current profilers
ultrasonic transducers
installa⁃tion deviations
