To the Editor:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a life-threatening condition and global public health concern in both developed and developing countries.[1]During the last few decades,the morbidity and mortality associate...To the Editor:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a life-threatening condition and global public health concern in both developed and developing countries.[1]During the last few decades,the morbidity and mortality associated with TBI have decreased.However,the precise mechanisms that contribute to the outcomes remain unclear.Recently,researchers have become aware that owing to the brain–gut axis interaction,the central nervous system is closely related to the gut microbiota.[2]Many studies have correlated the gut microbiota and its metabolites with autism,depression,stroke,and Parkinson’s disease.[3]Whether changes in the gut microbial composition affect TBI remains largely unknown.Metabolomics,a method focuses on deriving a comprehensive analysis of low-molecular-weight endogenous metabolites in biofluids or tissues and has been used to explore metabolic changes in a variety of diseases.However,the relationship between the metabolome and TBI outcomes or progression and the relationship between the gut microbiome and TBI remain unclear.Hence,we compared the gut microbiome and serum metabolome of patients with TBI and healthy individuals to identify specific bacterial and serum metabolome differences.展开更多
The development of biodegradable mulch film is an effective means to address plastic pollution and promote modern green agriculture.In this work,with compounding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)and quaternized lign...The development of biodegradable mulch film is an effective means to address plastic pollution and promote modern green agriculture.In this work,with compounding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)and quaternized lignin(QL),a biodegradable liquid mulch film(PVA@CMC/QL)was constructed by introducing polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and a selenium-containing cross-linking agent through electrostatic interaction.The effect of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and QL on different liquid mulch films was examined.PVA@CMC/QL had exceptional spray-film-forming properties of liquid mulch film and was capable of generating a dense mulch film above the soil/on top of the soil under natural conditions.PVA@CMC/QL exhibited excellent oxygen transmission rate(60.2 cm^(3)·m^(-2)·d^(-1)·Pa-1)and water vapor transmission rate(753.4 g·m^(-2)·d^(-1)).Soil temperature and humidity increased by 0.4 to 2.1℃and 0.5%to 2.8%,respectively,in the soil covered with PVA@CMC/QL compared to those in other controls,thereby confirming its exceptional moisture retention and insulation capabilities.PVA@CMC/QL combined remarkable weed suppression with only 13.3%weed germination under the mulch.Optimal rhizome growth of pak choi seedlings was observed under the PVA@CMC/QL cover,as demonstrated by the planting of both pak choi seedlings and weeds.Roots and stems increased by 3.8±0.3 and 1.2±0.3 cm,respectively.The weed suppression mechanism of PVA@CMC/QL was explained through the lens of density functional theory.In addition,the selenium content of pak choi seedlings under PVA@CMC/QL cover could reach 28.5μg/kg,making the mulch film both degradable and highly reusable.This work not only improved the value-added utilization of bamboo residues but also gave new insight into the research on multifunctional bamboo-plastic mulch film.展开更多
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82202438)Clinical and Translational Research Project of Anhui Province(No.202427b10020130)+3 种基金Beijing Postdoctoral Foundation(No.2020-ZZ-008)Returned overseas students from Anhui Province in 2020 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Support Plan Project(No.2020LCX016)Funding of The Anhui Universal Natural Science Foundation(No.KJ2020A0172)Cultivate Funding of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2016KJ12).
文摘To the Editor:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a life-threatening condition and global public health concern in both developed and developing countries.[1]During the last few decades,the morbidity and mortality associated with TBI have decreased.However,the precise mechanisms that contribute to the outcomes remain unclear.Recently,researchers have become aware that owing to the brain–gut axis interaction,the central nervous system is closely related to the gut microbiota.[2]Many studies have correlated the gut microbiota and its metabolites with autism,depression,stroke,and Parkinson’s disease.[3]Whether changes in the gut microbial composition affect TBI remains largely unknown.Metabolomics,a method focuses on deriving a comprehensive analysis of low-molecular-weight endogenous metabolites in biofluids or tissues and has been used to explore metabolic changes in a variety of diseases.However,the relationship between the metabolome and TBI outcomes or progression and the relationship between the gut microbiome and TBI remain unclear.Hence,we compared the gut microbiome and serum metabolome of patients with TBI and healthy individuals to identify specific bacterial and serum metabolome differences.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32494793).
文摘The development of biodegradable mulch film is an effective means to address plastic pollution and promote modern green agriculture.In this work,with compounding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)and quaternized lignin(QL),a biodegradable liquid mulch film(PVA@CMC/QL)was constructed by introducing polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and a selenium-containing cross-linking agent through electrostatic interaction.The effect of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and QL on different liquid mulch films was examined.PVA@CMC/QL had exceptional spray-film-forming properties of liquid mulch film and was capable of generating a dense mulch film above the soil/on top of the soil under natural conditions.PVA@CMC/QL exhibited excellent oxygen transmission rate(60.2 cm^(3)·m^(-2)·d^(-1)·Pa-1)and water vapor transmission rate(753.4 g·m^(-2)·d^(-1)).Soil temperature and humidity increased by 0.4 to 2.1℃and 0.5%to 2.8%,respectively,in the soil covered with PVA@CMC/QL compared to those in other controls,thereby confirming its exceptional moisture retention and insulation capabilities.PVA@CMC/QL combined remarkable weed suppression with only 13.3%weed germination under the mulch.Optimal rhizome growth of pak choi seedlings was observed under the PVA@CMC/QL cover,as demonstrated by the planting of both pak choi seedlings and weeds.Roots and stems increased by 3.8±0.3 and 1.2±0.3 cm,respectively.The weed suppression mechanism of PVA@CMC/QL was explained through the lens of density functional theory.In addition,the selenium content of pak choi seedlings under PVA@CMC/QL cover could reach 28.5μg/kg,making the mulch film both degradable and highly reusable.This work not only improved the value-added utilization of bamboo residues but also gave new insight into the research on multifunctional bamboo-plastic mulch film.
