Since its discovery in the 1980s,the insect cell-baculovirus expression vector system(IC-BEVS)has been widely used in biomedical applications,such as recombinant protein expression,drug screening,vaccine development,g...Since its discovery in the 1980s,the insect cell-baculovirus expression vector system(IC-BEVS)has been widely used in biomedical applications,such as recombinant protein expression,drug screening,vaccine development,gene therapy and so on[1].As a eukaryotic system,IC-BEVS has great development prospects due to its advantages such as high safety,simple operation,simultaneous expression of multi-subunit proteins,and suitability for large-scale cultivation[2].展开更多
Multiple viral infections in insect vectors with synergistic effects are common in nature,but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.Here,we find that rice gall dwarf reovirus(RGDV)facilitates the transmission of ri...Multiple viral infections in insect vectors with synergistic effects are common in nature,but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.Here,we find that rice gall dwarf reovirus(RGDV)facilitates the transmission of rice stripe mosaic rhabdovirus(RSMV)by co-infected leafhopper vectors.RSMV nucleoprotein(N)alone activates complete anti-viral autophagy,while RGDV nonstructural protein Pns11 alone induces pro-viral incomplete autophagy.In co-infected vectors,RSMVexploits Pns11-induced autophagosomes to assemble enveloped virions via N-Pns11-ATG5 interaction.Furthermore,RSMV could effectively propagate in Sf9 cells.Expression of Pns11 in Sf9 cells or leafhopper vectors causes the recruitment of N from the ER to Pns11-induced autophagosomes and inhibits N-induced complete autophagic flux,finally facilitating RSMV propagation.In summary,these results demonstrate a previously unappreciated role of autophagy in the regulation of the direct synergistic interaction during co-transmission of two distinct arboviruses by insect vectors and reveal the functional importance of virus-induced autophagosomes in rhabdovirus assembly.展开更多
Insects are the host or vector of diverse viruses including those that infect vertebrates,plants,and fungi.Insect viruses reside inside their insect hosts and are vertically transmitted from parent to offspring.The in...Insects are the host or vector of diverse viruses including those that infect vertebrates,plants,and fungi.Insect viruses reside inside their insect hosts and are vertically transmitted from parent to offspring.The insect virus-host relationship is intricate,as these viruses can impact various aspects of insect biology,such as development,reproduction,sex ratios,and immunity.Arthropod-borne viruses(arboviruses)that cause substantial global health or agricultural problems can also be vertically transmitted to insect vector progeny.Multiple infections with insect viruses and arboviruses are common in nature.Such coinfections involve complex interactions,including synergism,dependence,and antagonism.Recent studies have shed light on the influence of insect viruses on the competence of insect vectors for arboviruses.In this review,we focus on the biological effects of insect viruses on the transmission of arboviruses by insects.We also discuss the potential mechanisms by which insect viruses affect the ability of hosts to transmit arboviruses,as well as potential strategies for disease control through manipulation of insect viruses.Analyses of the interactions among insect vectors,insect viruses and arboviruses will provide new opportunities for development of innovative strategies to control arbovirus transmission.展开更多
Both viruses and host cells compete for intracellular polyamines for efficient propagation.Currently,how the key polyamine-metabolizing enzymes,including ornithine decarboxylase 1(ODC1)and its antizyme 1(OAZ1),are act...Both viruses and host cells compete for intracellular polyamines for efficient propagation.Currently,how the key polyamine-metabolizing enzymes,including ornithine decarboxylase 1(ODC1)and its antizyme 1(OAZ1),are activated to co-ordinate viral propagation and polyamine biosynthesis remains unknown.Here,we report that the matrix protein of rice stripe mosaic virus(RSMV),a cytorhabdovirus,directly hijacks OAZ1 to ensure the proper assembly of rigid bacilliform non-enveloped virions in leafhopper vector.Viral matrix protein effectively competes with ODC1 to bind to OAZ1,and thus,the ability of OAZ1 to target and mediate the degradation of ODC1 is significantly inhibited during viral propagation,which finally promotes polyamines production.Thus,OAZ1 and ODC1 are activated to synergistically promote viral persistent propagation and polyamine biosynthesis in viruliferous vectors.Our data suggest that it is a novel mechanism for rhabdovirus to exploit OAZ1 for facilitating viral assembly.展开更多
The green fluorescence of bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria is due to the presence of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). To examine whether the GFP gene can be applied as a reporter gene in insect cells...The green fluorescence of bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria is due to the presence of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). To examine whether the GFP gene can be applied as a reporter gene in insect cells, a baculovirus transfer vector containing the neomycin resistance gene (neo) was established. The GFP gene was subcloned into the vector downstream of the polyhedrin gene (ocu) promoter. In the presence of G418, the recombinant virus can be purified. Expression of the GFP gene in the recombinant virus should give rise to synthesis of the GFP with a molecular weight of 30×10 3 dalton, and is observable by the strong green light irradiated by ultraviolet or blue light in viable intact insect cells. The GFP produced in insect cells has typical fluorescent spectra indistinguishable from those of the purified native GFP. The GFP gene as a good reporter gene can be applied to the baculovirus insect cell expression system.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONAlthough reliable assays for the detection ofhepatitis C virus and E virus became available, still10% 20% hepatitis are not caused byhepatitis A-E virus[1-3]. In 1996, two research groups isolatedthis agen...INTRODUCTIONAlthough reliable assays for the detection ofhepatitis C virus and E virus became available, still10% 20% hepatitis are not caused byhepatitis A-E virus[1-3]. In 1996, two research groups isolatedthis agent independently and almost simultaneouslyand named hepatitis G virus and GB virus C,respectively[4-7].展开更多
The insect cellvirus (AcNPV) system was used to express heterologous protein. The recombinant transfer vector pVL1393/hGH was reconstructed in which the human Growth Hormone (hGH) gene was inserted under the control ...The insect cellvirus (AcNPV) system was used to express heterologous protein. The recombinant transfer vector pVL1393/hGH was reconstructed in which the human Growth Hormone (hGH) gene was inserted under the control of the polyhedron gene promoter. The Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells was cotransfected with the plasmid DNA containing hGH gene and wildtype AcNPV DNA. The hGH gene was transferred to the AcNPV genome DNA through homologous recombination, and the recombinant virus rAcVhGH was obtained by multiple plaque purification. The high level of production of hGH (40 μg/mL) in supernatant of the infected monolayer culture was determined by immunochemiluminescent assay.展开更多
Expansive chemical-based vector control has resulted in development of vector resistance to different insecticides harnessed for prevention of disease transmission in public health. The environmentally safe insect gro...Expansive chemical-based vector control has resulted in development of vector resistance to different insecticides harnessed for prevention of disease transmission in public health. The environmentally safe insect growth regulators and microbial larvicides provide potential tools for insecticide resistance management. The efficacy and persistence of Dimilin GR-2% and Mosquiron 10 EC insect growth regulators were evaluated against Anopheles gambiae s.l larvae under laboratory and simulated field conditions. In laboratory bio-efficacy trials, complete emergence inhibition was achieved at higher concentrations with 96 hours post exposure of mosquito aquatic stages to the two larvicides. In simulation field trials, persistence of both larvicides at higher concentrations increased gradually with complete inhibition attained at 7 days and maintained up to 21 days. In the quest of deploying non insecticide based interventions for a sustainable environment, insect growth regulators can be recommended for operational scale larviciding for mosquito larval control in the context of integrated vector management.展开更多
文摘Since its discovery in the 1980s,the insect cell-baculovirus expression vector system(IC-BEVS)has been widely used in biomedical applications,such as recombinant protein expression,drug screening,vaccine development,gene therapy and so on[1].As a eukaryotic system,IC-BEVS has great development prospects due to its advantages such as high safety,simple operation,simultaneous expression of multi-subunit proteins,and suitability for large-scale cultivation[2].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31920103014,31970160)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2020J06015)。
文摘Multiple viral infections in insect vectors with synergistic effects are common in nature,but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.Here,we find that rice gall dwarf reovirus(RGDV)facilitates the transmission of rice stripe mosaic rhabdovirus(RSMV)by co-infected leafhopper vectors.RSMV nucleoprotein(N)alone activates complete anti-viral autophagy,while RGDV nonstructural protein Pns11 alone induces pro-viral incomplete autophagy.In co-infected vectors,RSMVexploits Pns11-induced autophagosomes to assemble enveloped virions via N-Pns11-ATG5 interaction.Furthermore,RSMV could effectively propagate in Sf9 cells.Expression of Pns11 in Sf9 cells or leafhopper vectors causes the recruitment of N from the ER to Pns11-induced autophagosomes and inhibits N-induced complete autophagic flux,finally facilitating RSMV propagation.In summary,these results demonstrate a previously unappreciated role of autophagy in the regulation of the direct synergistic interaction during co-transmission of two distinct arboviruses by insect vectors and reveal the functional importance of virus-induced autophagosomes in rhabdovirus assembly.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972239).
文摘Insects are the host or vector of diverse viruses including those that infect vertebrates,plants,and fungi.Insect viruses reside inside their insect hosts and are vertically transmitted from parent to offspring.The insect virus-host relationship is intricate,as these viruses can impact various aspects of insect biology,such as development,reproduction,sex ratios,and immunity.Arthropod-borne viruses(arboviruses)that cause substantial global health or agricultural problems can also be vertically transmitted to insect vector progeny.Multiple infections with insect viruses and arboviruses are common in nature.Such coinfections involve complex interactions,including synergism,dependence,and antagonism.Recent studies have shed light on the influence of insect viruses on the competence of insect vectors for arboviruses.In this review,we focus on the biological effects of insect viruses on the transmission of arboviruses by insects.We also discuss the potential mechanisms by which insect viruses affect the ability of hosts to transmit arboviruses,as well as potential strategies for disease control through manipulation of insect viruses.Analyses of the interactions among insect vectors,insect viruses and arboviruses will provide new opportunities for development of innovative strategies to control arbovirus transmission.
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Taiyun Wei under grant number 31920103014the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Dongsheng Jia under grant number 31970160+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Xiaofeng Zhang under grant number 31871931the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province to Dongsheng Jia under grant number 2020 J06015.
文摘Both viruses and host cells compete for intracellular polyamines for efficient propagation.Currently,how the key polyamine-metabolizing enzymes,including ornithine decarboxylase 1(ODC1)and its antizyme 1(OAZ1),are activated to co-ordinate viral propagation and polyamine biosynthesis remains unknown.Here,we report that the matrix protein of rice stripe mosaic virus(RSMV),a cytorhabdovirus,directly hijacks OAZ1 to ensure the proper assembly of rigid bacilliform non-enveloped virions in leafhopper vector.Viral matrix protein effectively competes with ODC1 to bind to OAZ1,and thus,the ability of OAZ1 to target and mediate the degradation of ODC1 is significantly inhibited during viral propagation,which finally promotes polyamines production.Thus,OAZ1 and ODC1 are activated to synergistically promote viral persistent propagation and polyamine biosynthesis in viruliferous vectors.Our data suggest that it is a novel mechanism for rhabdovirus to exploit OAZ1 for facilitating viral assembly.
文摘The green fluorescence of bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria is due to the presence of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). To examine whether the GFP gene can be applied as a reporter gene in insect cells, a baculovirus transfer vector containing the neomycin resistance gene (neo) was established. The GFP gene was subcloned into the vector downstream of the polyhedrin gene (ocu) promoter. In the presence of G418, the recombinant virus can be purified. Expression of the GFP gene in the recombinant virus should give rise to synthesis of the GFP with a molecular weight of 30×10 3 dalton, and is observable by the strong green light irradiated by ultraviolet or blue light in viable intact insect cells. The GFP produced in insect cells has typical fluorescent spectra indistinguishable from those of the purified native GFP. The GFP gene as a good reporter gene can be applied to the baculovirus insect cell expression system.
基金Supported by the Neational Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 39825116, 39970394.
文摘INTRODUCTIONAlthough reliable assays for the detection ofhepatitis C virus and E virus became available, still10% 20% hepatitis are not caused byhepatitis A-E virus[1-3]. In 1996, two research groups isolatedthis agent independently and almost simultaneouslyand named hepatitis G virus and GB virus C,respectively[4-7].
文摘The insect cellvirus (AcNPV) system was used to express heterologous protein. The recombinant transfer vector pVL1393/hGH was reconstructed in which the human Growth Hormone (hGH) gene was inserted under the control of the polyhedron gene promoter. The Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells was cotransfected with the plasmid DNA containing hGH gene and wildtype AcNPV DNA. The hGH gene was transferred to the AcNPV genome DNA through homologous recombination, and the recombinant virus rAcVhGH was obtained by multiple plaque purification. The high level of production of hGH (40 μg/mL) in supernatant of the infected monolayer culture was determined by immunochemiluminescent assay.
文摘Expansive chemical-based vector control has resulted in development of vector resistance to different insecticides harnessed for prevention of disease transmission in public health. The environmentally safe insect growth regulators and microbial larvicides provide potential tools for insecticide resistance management. The efficacy and persistence of Dimilin GR-2% and Mosquiron 10 EC insect growth regulators were evaluated against Anopheles gambiae s.l larvae under laboratory and simulated field conditions. In laboratory bio-efficacy trials, complete emergence inhibition was achieved at higher concentrations with 96 hours post exposure of mosquito aquatic stages to the two larvicides. In simulation field trials, persistence of both larvicides at higher concentrations increased gradually with complete inhibition attained at 7 days and maintained up to 21 days. In the quest of deploying non insecticide based interventions for a sustainable environment, insect growth regulators can be recommended for operational scale larviciding for mosquito larval control in the context of integrated vector management.
