摘要
【目的】云杉花墨天牛(Monochamus saltuarius)是东北地区松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)病传播的媒介昆虫,考察不同捕捉方法对其成虫的野外捕捉效果,为控制松材线虫的传播提供参考。【方法】在黑龙江省尚志市东北林业大学帽儿山试验林场,同时用信息素诱捕和树干式捕捉器进行云杉花墨天牛野外捕捉试验,比较2种方法捕捉云杉花墨天牛的种类、健全率及天牛的雌雄比例,并依据云杉花墨天牛雌虫卵巢发育状态判断成虫是否进行了营养补充;信息素诱捕采用针对松墨天牛开发的诱芯中捷四方、F8及针对云杉花墨天牛开发的诱芯ZL-1,比较3种诱芯对云杉花墨天牛的野外诱捕效果。【结果】2种方法捕捉天牛种类略有差异,其中云杉花墨天牛都是数量最多的种类,并且雌雄比例基本相同,但树干式捕捉器诱捕天牛的健全率高于信息素诱捕;信息素诱捕的云杉花墨天牛雌虫卵巢发育均达到4级,表明雌虫已经进行了取食补充营养,树干式捕捉器7月之前捕获的雌虫卵巢发育均为1级,表明这个时期捕捉的雌虫刚出孔且未取食补充营养;F8诱芯野外诱捕云杉花墨天牛的活性略低于中捷四方和ZL-1诱芯,但3种诱芯对雌雄两性的引诱活性没有差异。【结论】云杉花墨天牛是试验所在地区墨天牛的优势物种,作为松材线虫的传播媒介,需要密切关注其种群动态。信息素诱捕持效期长,适合进行云杉花墨天牛种群监控,但信息素诱集的个体已经取食补充营养,因此不能有效地控制松材线虫的传播;树干式捕捉器可以捕捉树干上刚出孔的云杉花墨天牛成虫,即可以在成虫取食补充营养和传播松材线虫之前将其捕获,适合未来开发成为控制松材线虫传播的手段;另外,树干式捕捉器捕捉天牛的健全率高,也适用于科研用活虫的采集。
【Objective】As the newly confirmed vector of pine wood nematode(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)in northeast China,longicorn(Monochamus saltuarius)poses a critical threat to coniferous ecosystems.This study aimed to compare the operational efficacy of pheromone traps and trunk-type capture devices in catching the beetle in the wild,thereby establishing a scientific foundation for breaking the nematode transmission cycle.【Method】In Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University(Shangzhi City,Heilongjiang Province)the catching experiments using pheromone trapping and trunk-type catcher were conducted at the same time,and the catching species,the sound rate of catching longicorn and the ratio of female to male in M.saltuarius by different means were compared.Whether the captured M.saltuarius have adult feeding were determined based on the developmental status of the female ovaries.In the pheromone trapping experiment lure Zhongjiesifang and F8 developed for M.alternatus,lure ZL-1 developed for M.saltuarius were used and the trapping effects of the different lures for M.saltuarius were compared.【Result】There was a little difference in the catching species between by two means,and M.saltuarius was the dominant species with nearly same ratio of female to male,but the sound rate of the catching longicorn by trunk-type catcher was higher than that by pheromone trapping.The ovaries of the females M.saltuarius from the pheromone trapping had reached the fourth stage of development,indicating that these females already had adult feeding,while the ovaries of the females captured by trunk-type catcher before July were in the first stage of development,indicating these females had no adult feeding.The trapping activity of lure F8 on M.saltuarius in the wild was slightly lower than that of lure of ZL-1 and Zhongjiesifang,but there was no difference in the trapping activity for both sexes among the three lures.【Conclusion】M.saltuarius is a dominant species in Monochamus in the experimental area,and as the vector of B.xylophilus,its population dynamics need to be closely monitored.The pheromone trapping with long persistent period is suitable for monitoring and controlling population of M.saltuarius,but it cannot effectively control the spread of B.xylophilus due to the catching M.saltuarius already adult feeded.The trunk-type catcher can capture M.saltuarius that just emerge from its eclosion hole on the trunk before having adult feeding and spreading B.xylophilus,thus it is suitable for future development as a means to control the spread of B.xylophilus.In addition,the trunk-type catcher is also suitable for collecting live longicorn in scientific research because of high sound rate of captured beetls.
作者
朱哲伟
孙凡
曹传旺
刘艳涛
霍启发
徐业钦
ZHU Zhewei;SUN Fan;CAO Chuanwang;LIU Yantao;HUO Qifa;XU Yeqin(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150001,China)
出处
《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期89-94,共6页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572022DQ04)。
关键词
云杉花墨天牛
松材线虫
媒介昆虫
信息素诱捕
树干式捕捉器
成虫取食
卵巢发育
Monochamus saltuarius
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
vector insect
pheromone trapping
trunk-type catcher
adult feeding
ovarian development
