The intergeneric hybridization between Brassica napus L. cv. oro and Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. was carried out to study the phytogenetic peculiarities of the hybrid plants. In order to improve the oil quality of ra...The intergeneric hybridization between Brassica napus L. cv. oro and Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. was carried out to study the phytogenetic peculiarities of the hybrid plants. In order to improve the oil quality of rape seed, ovaries of B. napus pollinated with pollen of M. incana, were cut off and inoculated onto MS media supplemented with various plant hormones at the 7th day after pollination. Two mature embryos were obtained from 750 pollinated ovaries cultured in vitro. The percentage of seed set was 0.26%. The mature embryos were transferred onto the MS media supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.1 mg/L NAA, and a compound bud was produced later. The compound bud was then cut into a number of single buds, which were transferred onto fresh media. Twenty-two plantlets in vitro were developed from the above single buds. The hybrid plants (F-1) were basically intermediate between the two parents in many,characters with a few showing hybrid vigor. The fertility of hybrid plants (F-1) was poor. Cytological studies revealed that the hybrid plants (F-1) were mixoploid. in nature. The chromosome number of many somatic cells was 2n = 26, which was the sum of the chromosome number of the two parents. The chromosome number of other somatic cells was 2n = 38, similar to that of B. napus. The hybrid offspring (F-2) from the selfed hybrid plants (F-1) showed polymorphism. Among the hybrid offspring (F-2) some were nearly matroclinous and fertile, similar to B. napus. some others were intermediate between the two parents and less fertile, and a few were poorly developed and nearly infertile. From the hybrid offspring a few plants with improved seed-oil quality were obtained.展开更多
A new bis-iridoid glucoside, incaside 1 was isolated along with known iridoid, 6-0- veratroylcatalposide from the stem-bark of Mussaenda incana. The structure of the new iridoid was established mainly on the basis of ...A new bis-iridoid glucoside, incaside 1 was isolated along with known iridoid, 6-0- veratroylcatalposide from the stem-bark of Mussaenda incana. The structure of the new iridoid was established mainly on the basis of the spectroscopic （including 2D NMR） and chemical studies of its octaacetate 1a.展开更多
Caryopteris incana is a perennial shrub distributed in the temperate zone of the East Asia. It is found in West Kyushu in Japan, where it is designated as an endangered species. Tsushima, Nagasaki, which experienced r...Caryopteris incana is a perennial shrub distributed in the temperate zone of the East Asia. It is found in West Kyushu in Japan, where it is designated as an endangered species. Tsushima, Nagasaki, which experienced repeated connection and fragmentation between the Korean Peninsula and Japan, is an island on the route along which C. incana moved to Japan from continental Asia. We conducted field work and confirmed the genetic structure of populations using DNA sequence analysis to construct a detailed distribution map and clarify the intraspecific phylogenetic relationships of C. incana in Tsushima Island. We confirmed 72 populations in Tsushima. Using the leaves of individuals cultivated from seeds collected from each natural population, we analyzed the chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequence variations. Among the populations, sequence variations were confirmed in six regions of chloroplast DNA, and six haplotypes, including base substitutions, were distinguished. Two haplotypes were mainly divided at the border of the northern part of the southern island in Tsushima. One population in the northwestern part of the north island showed a haplotype derived from the southern part. This finding revealed that the distribution of C. incana had been artificially influenced. Several haplotypes were confirmed by sequence variations in the northern populations, but only one haplotype in the southern populations, suggesting that C. incana on the north island had separated early from the south island in Tsushima.展开更多
Caryopteris incana is a continental plant, transferred to Japan from continental Asia via a land bridge between the Korean Peninsula and Tsushima Islands during a glacial period. It currently grows wild in West Kyushu...Caryopteris incana is a continental plant, transferred to Japan from continental Asia via a land bridge between the Korean Peninsula and Tsushima Islands during a glacial period. It currently grows wild in West Kyushu, Japan. In a previous study, we investigated the distribution of C. incana in the Tsushima Islands and confirmed the genetic structure of populations by using chloroplast DNA sequence analysis, suggesting that different haplotypes were distributed in the same area. Thus, it seemed that populations of C. incana throughout the Tsushima Islands colonized at different times;each haplotype had remained within its population without mixing. In this study, we conducted fieldwork to construct a detailed distribution map in West Kyushu excluding the Tsushima Islands. Additionally, we confirmed genetic structure of the C. incana population in these areas by using chloroplast DNA sequence analysis to study the intraspecific phylogenetic relationship of C. incana in Japan. We confirmed 37 natural populations in 257 locations throughout West Kyushu excluding the 72 natural populations in the Tsushima Islands. We also confirmed a recent decreasing trend in the number of natural populations in the Nagasaki Mainland. Using the leaves of individuals cultivated from seeds collected from each natural population, we analyzed the chloroplast DNA sequence variations. Among the investigated populations, sequence variations were confirmed in six regions of chloroplast DNA, and those haplotypes were mainly classified into two groups distributed in different areas on the phylogenetic tree. This finding revealed that the common ancestor of C. incana in Japan diverged early into two groups, followed by a fragmentation in population distribution for each area. The haplotype network almost reflected the geographical distribution on haplotypes. However, several haplotypes that were distributed in other areas were confirmed in the Nagasaki Mainland, suggesting a complicated distribution formation in the past.展开更多
[ Objective] The paper aimed to study the optimum extraction technology of pigments from petals of Matthiola incana（ L. ） R. Br. of differ- ent colors. [Method] Petal pigments of Aida variety （white violet）, Franc...[ Objective] The paper aimed to study the optimum extraction technology of pigments from petals of Matthiola incana（ L. ） R. Br. of differ- ent colors. [Method] Petal pigments of Aida variety （white violet）, Francesco variety （ red violet） and Arabella variety （ purple violet） were ana- lyzed by colorimetric reaction method and ultraviolet-visible spectrum method, and the optimum extraction technology of flavonoid compounds from petals of them was determined by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. [ Result] The optimum extraction conditions of white violet were as follows： with 95% ethanol ＋ 5% HCI as solvent, solid-liquid ratio （ 1 ： 40）, extraction time （3 h）, extraction temperature （65 ℃ ）. The opti- mum extraction conditions of red violet and purple violet were as follows： with acetone as solvent, solid-liquid ratio （1：40）, extraction time （3 h）, extraction temperature （65 ℃）. [ Conclusion] The study provided theoretical foundation for further development and exploitation of pigments from M. incana（ L. ） R. Br.展开更多
Objective:To investigate various phytochemical constituents present in pod and seed of Crotalaria incana L.(C.incana).Methods:A number of phytochemical tests were applied to identify the class of compounds in the CH_(...Objective:To investigate various phytochemical constituents present in pod and seed of Crotalaria incana L.(C.incana).Methods:A number of phytochemical tests were applied to identify the class of compounds in the CH_(2)C_(l2)/CH_(3)OH(1:1)pod and seed extract of C.incana.Results:Phytochemical screening of the CH_(2)C_(l2)/CH_(3)OH(1:1)pod and seed extract of C.incana subsp.purpurscens revealed that the presence of alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,tannins and stroids.Conclusions:The present work conducted on the CH_(2)Cl_(2):CH_(3)OH(1:1)pod and seed extract of C.incana identified various classes of compounds present on the pod and seed extract.展开更多
文摘The intergeneric hybridization between Brassica napus L. cv. oro and Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br. was carried out to study the phytogenetic peculiarities of the hybrid plants. In order to improve the oil quality of rape seed, ovaries of B. napus pollinated with pollen of M. incana, were cut off and inoculated onto MS media supplemented with various plant hormones at the 7th day after pollination. Two mature embryos were obtained from 750 pollinated ovaries cultured in vitro. The percentage of seed set was 0.26%. The mature embryos were transferred onto the MS media supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.1 mg/L NAA, and a compound bud was produced later. The compound bud was then cut into a number of single buds, which were transferred onto fresh media. Twenty-two plantlets in vitro were developed from the above single buds. The hybrid plants (F-1) were basically intermediate between the two parents in many,characters with a few showing hybrid vigor. The fertility of hybrid plants (F-1) was poor. Cytological studies revealed that the hybrid plants (F-1) were mixoploid. in nature. The chromosome number of many somatic cells was 2n = 26, which was the sum of the chromosome number of the two parents. The chromosome number of other somatic cells was 2n = 38, similar to that of B. napus. The hybrid offspring (F-2) from the selfed hybrid plants (F-1) showed polymorphism. Among the hybrid offspring (F-2) some were nearly matroclinous and fertile, similar to B. napus. some others were intermediate between the two parents and less fertile, and a few were poorly developed and nearly infertile. From the hybrid offspring a few plants with improved seed-oil quality were obtained.
文摘A new bis-iridoid glucoside, incaside 1 was isolated along with known iridoid, 6-0- veratroylcatalposide from the stem-bark of Mussaenda incana. The structure of the new iridoid was established mainly on the basis of the spectroscopic （including 2D NMR） and chemical studies of its octaacetate 1a.
文摘Caryopteris incana is a perennial shrub distributed in the temperate zone of the East Asia. It is found in West Kyushu in Japan, where it is designated as an endangered species. Tsushima, Nagasaki, which experienced repeated connection and fragmentation between the Korean Peninsula and Japan, is an island on the route along which C. incana moved to Japan from continental Asia. We conducted field work and confirmed the genetic structure of populations using DNA sequence analysis to construct a detailed distribution map and clarify the intraspecific phylogenetic relationships of C. incana in Tsushima Island. We confirmed 72 populations in Tsushima. Using the leaves of individuals cultivated from seeds collected from each natural population, we analyzed the chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequence variations. Among the populations, sequence variations were confirmed in six regions of chloroplast DNA, and six haplotypes, including base substitutions, were distinguished. Two haplotypes were mainly divided at the border of the northern part of the southern island in Tsushima. One population in the northwestern part of the north island showed a haplotype derived from the southern part. This finding revealed that the distribution of C. incana had been artificially influenced. Several haplotypes were confirmed by sequence variations in the northern populations, but only one haplotype in the southern populations, suggesting that C. incana on the north island had separated early from the south island in Tsushima.
文摘Caryopteris incana is a continental plant, transferred to Japan from continental Asia via a land bridge between the Korean Peninsula and Tsushima Islands during a glacial period. It currently grows wild in West Kyushu, Japan. In a previous study, we investigated the distribution of C. incana in the Tsushima Islands and confirmed the genetic structure of populations by using chloroplast DNA sequence analysis, suggesting that different haplotypes were distributed in the same area. Thus, it seemed that populations of C. incana throughout the Tsushima Islands colonized at different times;each haplotype had remained within its population without mixing. In this study, we conducted fieldwork to construct a detailed distribution map in West Kyushu excluding the Tsushima Islands. Additionally, we confirmed genetic structure of the C. incana population in these areas by using chloroplast DNA sequence analysis to study the intraspecific phylogenetic relationship of C. incana in Japan. We confirmed 37 natural populations in 257 locations throughout West Kyushu excluding the 72 natural populations in the Tsushima Islands. We also confirmed a recent decreasing trend in the number of natural populations in the Nagasaki Mainland. Using the leaves of individuals cultivated from seeds collected from each natural population, we analyzed the chloroplast DNA sequence variations. Among the investigated populations, sequence variations were confirmed in six regions of chloroplast DNA, and those haplotypes were mainly classified into two groups distributed in different areas on the phylogenetic tree. This finding revealed that the common ancestor of C. incana in Japan diverged early into two groups, followed by a fragmentation in population distribution for each area. The haplotype network almost reflected the geographical distribution on haplotypes. However, several haplotypes that were distributed in other areas were confirmed in the Nagasaki Mainland, suggesting a complicated distribution formation in the past.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation in Chongqing(CSTC,2006BB1336)Applied Basic Research Program of Chongqing Education Department(KJ060308)
文摘[ Objective] The paper aimed to study the optimum extraction technology of pigments from petals of Matthiola incana（ L. ） R. Br. of differ- ent colors. [Method] Petal pigments of Aida variety （white violet）, Francesco variety （ red violet） and Arabella variety （ purple violet） were ana- lyzed by colorimetric reaction method and ultraviolet-visible spectrum method, and the optimum extraction technology of flavonoid compounds from petals of them was determined by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. [ Result] The optimum extraction conditions of white violet were as follows： with 95% ethanol ＋ 5% HCI as solvent, solid-liquid ratio （ 1 ： 40）, extraction time （3 h）, extraction temperature （65 ℃ ）. The opti- mum extraction conditions of red violet and purple violet were as follows： with acetone as solvent, solid-liquid ratio （1：40）, extraction time （3 h）, extraction temperature （65 ℃）. [ Conclusion] The study provided theoretical foundation for further development and exploitation of pigments from M. incana（ L. ） R. Br.
基金Supported by Debre Tabor University,Ethiopia(Grant No.DTU/596/Nc-03/07).
文摘Objective:To investigate various phytochemical constituents present in pod and seed of Crotalaria incana L.(C.incana).Methods:A number of phytochemical tests were applied to identify the class of compounds in the CH_(2)C_(l2)/CH_(3)OH(1:1)pod and seed extract of C.incana.Results:Phytochemical screening of the CH_(2)C_(l2)/CH_(3)OH(1:1)pod and seed extract of C.incana subsp.purpurscens revealed that the presence of alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,tannins and stroids.Conclusions:The present work conducted on the CH_(2)Cl_(2):CH_(3)OH(1:1)pod and seed extract of C.incana identified various classes of compounds present on the pod and seed extract.
