Human-tiger(Panthera tigris Linnaeus,1758)conflicts(HTC),manifested primarily as attacks on people and domestic animals,exacerbate at least 2 major threats to tigers:(i)conflicts often result in mortality or removal o...Human-tiger(Panthera tigris Linnaeus,1758)conflicts(HTC),manifested primarily as attacks on people and domestic animals,exacerbate at least 2 major threats to tigers:(i)conflicts often result in mortality or removal of tigers from the wild;and(ii)they result in negative attitudes towards tigers by local people,thereby reducing support for tiger conservation.Although HTC has decreased over the past century,it will likely increase if current and proposed conservation initiatives to double tiger populations are successful.Increased HTC could undermine successful conservation initiatives if proactive steps are not taken to reduce HTC.The present paper provides a review of the impacts of HTC and the measures taken to reduce it in ways that reduce negative impacts on both humans and tigers,and stresses the need for development and implementation of comprehensive plans to reduce HTC.展开更多
以2014—2019年珲春地区红外相机拍摄的东北虎数据为基础,基于XGBoost算法构建了虎出没区域风险等级划分模型。由模型检验可知:模型的准确率为93.51%,精确率为93.85%,召回率为93.08%,F1值为93.31%,Cohen s Kappa统计系数为90.2%。研究...以2014—2019年珲春地区红外相机拍摄的东北虎数据为基础,基于XGBoost算法构建了虎出没区域风险等级划分模型。由模型检验可知:模型的准确率为93.51%,精确率为93.85%,召回率为93.08%,F1值为93.31%,Cohen s Kappa统计系数为90.2%。研究结果表明:基于XGBoost算法构建的人-虎共存区域风险等级划分模型分类效果好、预测准确度高,运用该模型对人-虎共存区域进行风险等级划分是可行的。展开更多
人虎冲突是全球野生虎(Panthera tigris)保护和种群恢复工作迫切需要解决的问题,而人虎冲突的分布特征是开展冲突管理的重要科学依据。珲春地区是东北虎(P. t. altaica)从俄罗斯向中国扩散的重要廊道,随着东北虎种群数量的逐步增加,该...人虎冲突是全球野生虎(Panthera tigris)保护和种群恢复工作迫切需要解决的问题,而人虎冲突的分布特征是开展冲突管理的重要科学依据。珲春地区是东北虎(P. t. altaica)从俄罗斯向中国扩散的重要廊道,随着东北虎种群数量的逐步增加,该地区的人虎冲突特征亟需开展研究。本文以2016―2020年珲春地区的人虎冲突事件为基础,基于占域模型分析获得人虎冲突发生位点的特征,探究了坡向、海拔、距猎物距离等12个因素对人虎冲突的影响。结果显示,259起人虎冲突均为虎捕食家畜事件,其中东北虎捕食牛的事件约占90%,且主要发生在每年的5—7月。从特征来看,坡向(∑w_(i)=0.44)、猎物分布(∑w_(i)=0.28)、海拔(∑w_(i)=0.18)和距针阔混交林的距离(∑w_(i)=0.13)对人虎冲突的发生具有较大的影响。人虎冲突在中海拔的阴坡、针阔混交林和猎物活动频繁的区域占域率更高。未来珲春地区应从加强放牧管理、划分不同等级的人虎冲突管理范围和提高社区居民的保护意识等方面来缓解人虎冲突的发生。展开更多
文摘Human-tiger(Panthera tigris Linnaeus,1758)conflicts(HTC),manifested primarily as attacks on people and domestic animals,exacerbate at least 2 major threats to tigers:(i)conflicts often result in mortality or removal of tigers from the wild;and(ii)they result in negative attitudes towards tigers by local people,thereby reducing support for tiger conservation.Although HTC has decreased over the past century,it will likely increase if current and proposed conservation initiatives to double tiger populations are successful.Increased HTC could undermine successful conservation initiatives if proactive steps are not taken to reduce HTC.The present paper provides a review of the impacts of HTC and the measures taken to reduce it in ways that reduce negative impacts on both humans and tigers,and stresses the need for development and implementation of comprehensive plans to reduce HTC.
文摘以2014—2019年珲春地区红外相机拍摄的东北虎数据为基础,基于XGBoost算法构建了虎出没区域风险等级划分模型。由模型检验可知:模型的准确率为93.51%,精确率为93.85%,召回率为93.08%,F1值为93.31%,Cohen s Kappa统计系数为90.2%。研究结果表明:基于XGBoost算法构建的人-虎共存区域风险等级划分模型分类效果好、预测准确度高,运用该模型对人-虎共存区域进行风险等级划分是可行的。
文摘人虎冲突是全球野生虎(Panthera tigris)保护和种群恢复工作迫切需要解决的问题,而人虎冲突的分布特征是开展冲突管理的重要科学依据。珲春地区是东北虎(P. t. altaica)从俄罗斯向中国扩散的重要廊道,随着东北虎种群数量的逐步增加,该地区的人虎冲突特征亟需开展研究。本文以2016―2020年珲春地区的人虎冲突事件为基础,基于占域模型分析获得人虎冲突发生位点的特征,探究了坡向、海拔、距猎物距离等12个因素对人虎冲突的影响。结果显示,259起人虎冲突均为虎捕食家畜事件,其中东北虎捕食牛的事件约占90%,且主要发生在每年的5—7月。从特征来看,坡向(∑w_(i)=0.44)、猎物分布(∑w_(i)=0.28)、海拔(∑w_(i)=0.18)和距针阔混交林的距离(∑w_(i)=0.13)对人虎冲突的发生具有较大的影响。人虎冲突在中海拔的阴坡、针阔混交林和猎物活动频繁的区域占域率更高。未来珲春地区应从加强放牧管理、划分不同等级的人虎冲突管理范围和提高社区居民的保护意识等方面来缓解人虎冲突的发生。
