The bottleneck of strontium compounds preparing from celestite is the promotion of Sr/S isolation efficiency.Low energy consumption and zero release method for isolating Sr/S in preparing Sr(OH)2 process from celestit...The bottleneck of strontium compounds preparing from celestite is the promotion of Sr/S isolation efficiency.Low energy consumption and zero release method for isolating Sr/S in preparing Sr(OH)2 process from celestite in mild condition was described.Sr element remained in precipitation with formation of Sr(OH)2,while S element entered into leachate with formation of Na2SO4.The effects of initial concentration of NaOH,conversion temperature,liquid-to-solid(L/S)ratio and conversion time on Sr/S ratio of samples for celestite conversion were systematically investigated by experiments.The results demonstrated that the efficiency of Sr/S isolation increased with the initial concentration of NaOH,L/S ratio and conversion time,and decreased with conversion temperature.The maximum conversion ratio of Sr(OH)2 was 93.88%under the optimum condition,whose Sr/S ratio of sample could reach to 41.16.It illustrated that better isolation efficiency of celestite could be achieved in alkaline treatment.The results of SEM-EDS analyses demonstrated that the conversion reaction was a dissolution-precipitation process.展开更多
The phenomenon of liquid metal“heartbeat”oscillation presents intriguing applications in microfluidic devices,drug delivery,andminiature robotics.However,achieving high vibrational kinetic energy outputs in these sy...The phenomenon of liquid metal“heartbeat”oscillation presents intriguing applications in microfluidic devices,drug delivery,andminiature robotics.However,achieving high vibrational kinetic energy outputs in these systems remains challenging.In this study,we developed a graphite ring electrode with V-shaped inner wall that enables wide-ranging control over the oscillation performance based on droplet size and the height of the V-shape.The mechanism driving the heartbeat is defined as a dynamic process involving the transformation of the oxide layer.Through electrochemical analysis,we confirmed three distinct states of the heartbeat and introduced a novel model to elucidate the role of the V-shaped structure in initiating and halting the oscillations.A comprehensive series of experiments explored how various factors,such as droplet volume,voltage,tilt angle,and V-shape height,affect heartbeat performance,achieving a significant conversion from surface energy to vibrational kinetic energy as high as 4732 J m^(-2) s^(-1).The increase in energy output is attributed to the synergistic effect of the V-shape height and droplet size on the oscillations.These results not only advance our understanding of liquidmetal droplet manipulation but also pave the way for designing high-speed microfluidic pumping systems.展开更多
Space division multiplexing(SDM)can achieve higher communication transmission capacity by exploiting more spatial channels in a single optical fiber.For weakly coupled few-mode fiber,different mode groups(MGs)are high...Space division multiplexing(SDM)can achieve higher communication transmission capacity by exploiting more spatial channels in a single optical fiber.For weakly coupled few-mode fiber,different mode groups(MGs)are highly isolated from each other,so the SDM system can be simplified by utilizing MG multiplexing and intensity modulation direct detection.A key issue to be addressed here is MG demultiplexing,which requires processing all the modes within a single MG in contrast to MG multiplexing.Benefiting from the great light manipulation freedom of the diffractive optical network(DON),we achieve efficient separation of the MGs and receive them with the multimode fiber(MMF)array.To fully exploit the mode field freedom of the MMF,a non-deterministic mode conversion strategy is proposed here to optimize the DON,which enables high-efficiency demultiplexing with a much smaller number of phase plates.As a validation,we design a 6-MG demultiplexer consisting of only five phase plates;each MG is constituted by several orbital angular momentum modes.The designed average loss and crosstalk at the wavelength of 1550 nm are 0.5 dB and-25 dB,respectively.In the experiment,the loss after coupling to the MMF ranged from 4.1 to 4.9 dB,with an average of 4.5 dB.The inter-MG crosstalk is better than-12 dB,with an average of-18 dB.These results well support the proposed scheme and will provide a practical solution to the MG demultiplexing problem in a short-distance SDM system.展开更多
基金Project(2015-GX-108A)supported by Qinghai Provincial Science and Technology Support Program,China
文摘The bottleneck of strontium compounds preparing from celestite is the promotion of Sr/S isolation efficiency.Low energy consumption and zero release method for isolating Sr/S in preparing Sr(OH)2 process from celestite in mild condition was described.Sr element remained in precipitation with formation of Sr(OH)2,while S element entered into leachate with formation of Na2SO4.The effects of initial concentration of NaOH,conversion temperature,liquid-to-solid(L/S)ratio and conversion time on Sr/S ratio of samples for celestite conversion were systematically investigated by experiments.The results demonstrated that the efficiency of Sr/S isolation increased with the initial concentration of NaOH,L/S ratio and conversion time,and decreased with conversion temperature.The maximum conversion ratio of Sr(OH)2 was 93.88%under the optimum condition,whose Sr/S ratio of sample could reach to 41.16.It illustrated that better isolation efficiency of celestite could be achieved in alkaline treatment.The results of SEM-EDS analyses demonstrated that the conversion reaction was a dissolution-precipitation process.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51901009。
文摘The phenomenon of liquid metal“heartbeat”oscillation presents intriguing applications in microfluidic devices,drug delivery,andminiature robotics.However,achieving high vibrational kinetic energy outputs in these systems remains challenging.In this study,we developed a graphite ring electrode with V-shaped inner wall that enables wide-ranging control over the oscillation performance based on droplet size and the height of the V-shape.The mechanism driving the heartbeat is defined as a dynamic process involving the transformation of the oxide layer.Through electrochemical analysis,we confirmed three distinct states of the heartbeat and introduced a novel model to elucidate the role of the V-shaped structure in initiating and halting the oscillations.A comprehensive series of experiments explored how various factors,such as droplet volume,voltage,tilt angle,and V-shape height,affect heartbeat performance,achieving a significant conversion from surface energy to vibrational kinetic energy as high as 4732 J m^(-2) s^(-1).The increase in energy output is attributed to the synergistic effect of the V-shape height and droplet size on the oscillations.These results not only advance our understanding of liquidmetal droplet manipulation but also pave the way for designing high-speed microfluidic pumping systems.
基金Guangdong ST Programme(2024B0101030001)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0706300,2024YFB2908100)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B2010,62035018,U2001601,62227819)The Program of Marine Economy Development Special Fund(Six Marine Industries)under Department of Natural Resources of Guangdong Province(GDNRC[2024]16)Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(SML2023SP231)。
文摘Space division multiplexing(SDM)can achieve higher communication transmission capacity by exploiting more spatial channels in a single optical fiber.For weakly coupled few-mode fiber,different mode groups(MGs)are highly isolated from each other,so the SDM system can be simplified by utilizing MG multiplexing and intensity modulation direct detection.A key issue to be addressed here is MG demultiplexing,which requires processing all the modes within a single MG in contrast to MG multiplexing.Benefiting from the great light manipulation freedom of the diffractive optical network(DON),we achieve efficient separation of the MGs and receive them with the multimode fiber(MMF)array.To fully exploit the mode field freedom of the MMF,a non-deterministic mode conversion strategy is proposed here to optimize the DON,which enables high-efficiency demultiplexing with a much smaller number of phase plates.As a validation,we design a 6-MG demultiplexer consisting of only five phase plates;each MG is constituted by several orbital angular momentum modes.The designed average loss and crosstalk at the wavelength of 1550 nm are 0.5 dB and-25 dB,respectively.In the experiment,the loss after coupling to the MMF ranged from 4.1 to 4.9 dB,with an average of 4.5 dB.The inter-MG crosstalk is better than-12 dB,with an average of-18 dB.These results well support the proposed scheme and will provide a practical solution to the MG demultiplexing problem in a short-distance SDM system.
