High-throughput genotyping tools can effectively promote molecular breeding in crops.In this study,genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)system was utilized to develop a genome-wide liquid SNP chip for facilitating gen...High-throughput genotyping tools can effectively promote molecular breeding in crops.In this study,genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)system was utilized to develop a genome-wide liquid SNP chip for facilitating genetics and breeding in melon(Cucumis melo L.),a globally cultivated economically important horticultural crop.Based on over eight million SNPs derived from 823 representative melon accessions,16K,8K,4K,2K,1K,500,250 and 125 informative SNPs were screened and evaluated for their polymorphisms,conservation of flanking sequences,and distributions.The set of 2K SNPs was found to be optimal for representing the maximum diversity with the lowest number of SNPs,and it was selected to develop the liquid chip,named“Melon2K”.Using Melon2K,more than 1500 SNPs were detected across 17 samples of five melon cultivars,and the phylogenetic relationships were clearly constructed.Within the same cultivar,genetic differences were also assessed between different samples.We evaluated the performance of Melon2K in genetic background selection during the breeding process,obtaining the introgression lines of interested trait with more than 97%genetic background of elite variety by only two rounds of backcrossing.These results suggest that Melon2K provides a cost-effective,efficient and reliable platform for genetic analysis and molecular breeding in melon.展开更多
[Objectives]The genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 107 inbred lines of maize in Yunnan were analyzed,in order to provide technical support for maize germplasm innovation,genetic improvement of germp...[Objectives]The genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 107 inbred lines of maize in Yunnan were analyzed,in order to provide technical support for maize germplasm innovation,genetic improvement of germplasm resources,variety management,and lay a solid foundation for exploring genes related to fine traits in the future.[Methods]The 107 maize inbred lines generalized in Yunnan were selected,and 45 backbone inbred lines commonly used in China were used as reference for heterotic group classification.On Axiom Maize 56K SNP Array platform,maize SNP chips(56K)were used to scan the whole maize genome,and the NJ-tree model of Treebest was used to construct a phylogenetic tree.Principal component analysis(PCA)was conducted by GCTA(genome-wide complex trait analysis)to reveal the genetic diversity and population genetic structure.[Results]In the 107 Yunnan local inbred lines,5533 uniformly distributed high-quality SNP marker sites were finally detected.Based on the analysis of these SNP marker sites,Nei s gene diversity index(H)of 107 maize germplasm genes was 0.2981-0.5000 with an average value being 0.4832,and polymorphism information content(PIC)values were 0.2536-0.3750 with an average value being 0.3662.The minimum allele frequency value was 0.5000-0.8178 with an average value being 0.5744.The analysis of population genetic structure showed that when K=6,the maximum value of△K was the maximum,which meant that the inbred lines used in this study could be divided into six groups.They were Tangsi Pingtou blood relationship group,PB blood relationship group,335 female blood relationship group,Zi 330 and the Lüda Honggu blood relationship group,unknown group 1 and unknown group 2.No inbred lines were divided into other heterotic groups.Among them,37 inbred lines from the 2 unknown groups could not be classified into the same group as the 10 known heterotic groups in China.The results of principal component analysis showed that the 107 maize inbred lines generalized in Yunnan could be clearly distinguished from the backbone maize inbred lines commonly used in China.Most of the maize inbred lines in Yunnan were concentrated near the reference backbone inbred lines.But some Yunnan inbred lines were far away from the reference inbred lines commonly used in China.[Conclusions]The maize germplasm resources in Yunnan area were rich in genetic diversity,including multiple heterotic groups,and there was a rich genetic basis of breeding parents.They could be clearly distinguished from the backbone inbred lines commonly used in China,and some of them had a long genetic distance from the backbone inbred lines.The resources which have good application potential can be used to create new heterotic groups.展开更多
【目的】对107个云南玉米自交系进行遗传多样性和群体遗传结构分析,为云南省玉米种质创新、遗传改良、品种管理等提供理论依据,也为今后深入挖掘优良性状相关基因打下基础。【方法】以云南当地推广的107个优良玉米自交系为供试材料,以4...【目的】对107个云南玉米自交系进行遗传多样性和群体遗传结构分析,为云南省玉米种质创新、遗传改良、品种管理等提供理论依据,也为今后深入挖掘优良性状相关基因打下基础。【方法】以云南当地推广的107个优良玉米自交系为供试材料,以45个我国常用玉米骨干自交系作为杂种优势群划分的参照,在Axiom~?Maize56K SNP Array平台上利用玉米SNP芯片(56K)进行玉米全基因组扫描,并使用Treebest的NJ-tree模型构建系统发育进化树,利用GCTA(全基因组复杂性状分析)工具进行主成分分析,揭示其遗传多样性与群体遗传结构。【结果】从107个云南玉米自交系中检出5533个均匀分布的高质量SNP分子标记位点。基于这些SNP分子标记位点分析结果可知,107个云南玉米自交系的Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.2981~0.5000,平均为0.4832;多态信息含量(PIC)为0.2536~0.3750,平均为0.3662;最小等位基因频率为0.5000~0.8178,平均为0.5744。群体遗传结构分析结果显示,K=6时△K最大即供试自交系可划分为六大类群,分别为塘四平头血缘类群、PB血缘类群、335母本血缘类群、自330和旅大红骨血缘类群及2个未知类群,无自交系划分到其他杂交优势群,其中,2个未知类群共37个云南玉米自交系,未能与我国目前已知的10个杂种优势群归在一类。主成分分析结果显示,107个云南玉米自交系与45个我国常用玉米骨干自交系能明显区分,大部分云南玉米自交系集中在我国常用玉米骨干自交系附近,但少数云南玉米自交系与我国常用玉米骨干自交系距离较远。【结论】云南地区玉米种质资源遗传多样性较丰富,含有多个杂种优势群,育种亲本遗传基础丰富,与我国常用玉米骨干自交系能明显区分,且部分与骨干自交系遗传距离较远,可创建新的杂交优势群,具有良好的应用潜力。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32102383,32225044 and 32130093)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2021QC075)+1 种基金the Taishan Scholar Foundation of the People's Government of Shandong Province(Grant No.ts20190947)the Qingdao Agricultural University Doctoral Start-Up Fund。
文摘High-throughput genotyping tools can effectively promote molecular breeding in crops.In this study,genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS)system was utilized to develop a genome-wide liquid SNP chip for facilitating genetics and breeding in melon(Cucumis melo L.),a globally cultivated economically important horticultural crop.Based on over eight million SNPs derived from 823 representative melon accessions,16K,8K,4K,2K,1K,500,250 and 125 informative SNPs were screened and evaluated for their polymorphisms,conservation of flanking sequences,and distributions.The set of 2K SNPs was found to be optimal for representing the maximum diversity with the lowest number of SNPs,and it was selected to develop the liquid chip,named“Melon2K”.Using Melon2K,more than 1500 SNPs were detected across 17 samples of five melon cultivars,and the phylogenetic relationships were clearly constructed.Within the same cultivar,genetic differences were also assessed between different samples.We evaluated the performance of Melon2K in genetic background selection during the breeding process,obtaining the introgression lines of interested trait with more than 97%genetic background of elite variety by only two rounds of backcrossing.These results suggest that Melon2K provides a cost-effective,efficient and reliable platform for genetic analysis and molecular breeding in melon.
基金Study on Maize Variety Management Based on DUS Test and SNP Molecular Fingerprint.
文摘[Objectives]The genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 107 inbred lines of maize in Yunnan were analyzed,in order to provide technical support for maize germplasm innovation,genetic improvement of germplasm resources,variety management,and lay a solid foundation for exploring genes related to fine traits in the future.[Methods]The 107 maize inbred lines generalized in Yunnan were selected,and 45 backbone inbred lines commonly used in China were used as reference for heterotic group classification.On Axiom Maize 56K SNP Array platform,maize SNP chips(56K)were used to scan the whole maize genome,and the NJ-tree model of Treebest was used to construct a phylogenetic tree.Principal component analysis(PCA)was conducted by GCTA(genome-wide complex trait analysis)to reveal the genetic diversity and population genetic structure.[Results]In the 107 Yunnan local inbred lines,5533 uniformly distributed high-quality SNP marker sites were finally detected.Based on the analysis of these SNP marker sites,Nei s gene diversity index(H)of 107 maize germplasm genes was 0.2981-0.5000 with an average value being 0.4832,and polymorphism information content(PIC)values were 0.2536-0.3750 with an average value being 0.3662.The minimum allele frequency value was 0.5000-0.8178 with an average value being 0.5744.The analysis of population genetic structure showed that when K=6,the maximum value of△K was the maximum,which meant that the inbred lines used in this study could be divided into six groups.They were Tangsi Pingtou blood relationship group,PB blood relationship group,335 female blood relationship group,Zi 330 and the Lüda Honggu blood relationship group,unknown group 1 and unknown group 2.No inbred lines were divided into other heterotic groups.Among them,37 inbred lines from the 2 unknown groups could not be classified into the same group as the 10 known heterotic groups in China.The results of principal component analysis showed that the 107 maize inbred lines generalized in Yunnan could be clearly distinguished from the backbone maize inbred lines commonly used in China.Most of the maize inbred lines in Yunnan were concentrated near the reference backbone inbred lines.But some Yunnan inbred lines were far away from the reference inbred lines commonly used in China.[Conclusions]The maize germplasm resources in Yunnan area were rich in genetic diversity,including multiple heterotic groups,and there was a rich genetic basis of breeding parents.They could be clearly distinguished from the backbone inbred lines commonly used in China,and some of them had a long genetic distance from the backbone inbred lines.The resources which have good application potential can be used to create new heterotic groups.
文摘旨在研究丫杈猪保种群体的遗传多样性、亲缘关系和家系结构。本研究采用“中芯一号”芯片检测了166头丫杈种猪的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP);利用Plink软件计算观察杂合度、期望杂合度、多态信息含量、最小等位基因频率,分析丫杈猪群体的遗传多样性;采用Plink软件构建状态同源(identity by state,IBS)距离矩阵和分析连续性纯合片段(runs of homozygosity,ROH),采用GCTA软件构建G矩阵,分析丫杈猪群体的亲缘关系;采用Mega X软件构建群体进化树,分析丫杈猪群体的家系结构。结果显示,166头丫杈猪共检测到45211个SNPs位点,通过质量控制的SNP位点有36243个;有效等位基因数为1.529,多态性信息含量为0.254,多态性标记比例为0.875,最小等位基因频率为0.233;期望杂合度为0.329,观察杂合度为0.344;状态同源平均遗传距离为0.2595,状态同源距离矩阵和G矩阵结果均表明大部分丫杈猪呈中等程度的亲缘关系;ROH片段共有3226个,其中40.96%的长度在0~100 Mb之间,基于ROH的平均近交系数为0.069;群体进化树结果表明,丫杈猪公猪被分为8个血缘,数量与传统系谱记录的相同,但血缘间有个体差异。综上所述,丫杈猪保种群的有效群体含量偏低,遗传多样性中等偏低,近交程度不严重,可引入或创建新血缘,扩大有效群体含量,提高群体遗传多样性。
文摘【目的】对107个云南玉米自交系进行遗传多样性和群体遗传结构分析,为云南省玉米种质创新、遗传改良、品种管理等提供理论依据,也为今后深入挖掘优良性状相关基因打下基础。【方法】以云南当地推广的107个优良玉米自交系为供试材料,以45个我国常用玉米骨干自交系作为杂种优势群划分的参照,在Axiom~?Maize56K SNP Array平台上利用玉米SNP芯片(56K)进行玉米全基因组扫描,并使用Treebest的NJ-tree模型构建系统发育进化树,利用GCTA(全基因组复杂性状分析)工具进行主成分分析,揭示其遗传多样性与群体遗传结构。【结果】从107个云南玉米自交系中检出5533个均匀分布的高质量SNP分子标记位点。基于这些SNP分子标记位点分析结果可知,107个云南玉米自交系的Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.2981~0.5000,平均为0.4832;多态信息含量(PIC)为0.2536~0.3750,平均为0.3662;最小等位基因频率为0.5000~0.8178,平均为0.5744。群体遗传结构分析结果显示,K=6时△K最大即供试自交系可划分为六大类群,分别为塘四平头血缘类群、PB血缘类群、335母本血缘类群、自330和旅大红骨血缘类群及2个未知类群,无自交系划分到其他杂交优势群,其中,2个未知类群共37个云南玉米自交系,未能与我国目前已知的10个杂种优势群归在一类。主成分分析结果显示,107个云南玉米自交系与45个我国常用玉米骨干自交系能明显区分,大部分云南玉米自交系集中在我国常用玉米骨干自交系附近,但少数云南玉米自交系与我国常用玉米骨干自交系距离较远。【结论】云南地区玉米种质资源遗传多样性较丰富,含有多个杂种优势群,育种亲本遗传基础丰富,与我国常用玉米骨干自交系能明显区分,且部分与骨干自交系遗传距离较远,可创建新的杂交优势群,具有良好的应用潜力。
