摘要
【目的】对107个云南玉米自交系进行遗传多样性和群体遗传结构分析,为云南省玉米种质创新、遗传改良、品种管理等提供理论依据,也为今后深入挖掘优良性状相关基因打下基础。【方法】以云南当地推广的107个优良玉米自交系为供试材料,以45个我国常用玉米骨干自交系作为杂种优势群划分的参照,在Axiom~?Maize56K SNP Array平台上利用玉米SNP芯片(56K)进行玉米全基因组扫描,并使用Treebest的NJ-tree模型构建系统发育进化树,利用GCTA(全基因组复杂性状分析)工具进行主成分分析,揭示其遗传多样性与群体遗传结构。【结果】从107个云南玉米自交系中检出5533个均匀分布的高质量SNP分子标记位点。基于这些SNP分子标记位点分析结果可知,107个云南玉米自交系的Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.2981~0.5000,平均为0.4832;多态信息含量(PIC)为0.2536~0.3750,平均为0.3662;最小等位基因频率为0.5000~0.8178,平均为0.5744。群体遗传结构分析结果显示,K=6时△K最大即供试自交系可划分为六大类群,分别为塘四平头血缘类群、PB血缘类群、335母本血缘类群、自330和旅大红骨血缘类群及2个未知类群,无自交系划分到其他杂交优势群,其中,2个未知类群共37个云南玉米自交系,未能与我国目前已知的10个杂种优势群归在一类。主成分分析结果显示,107个云南玉米自交系与45个我国常用玉米骨干自交系能明显区分,大部分云南玉米自交系集中在我国常用玉米骨干自交系附近,但少数云南玉米自交系与我国常用玉米骨干自交系距离较远。【结论】云南地区玉米种质资源遗传多样性较丰富,含有多个杂种优势群,育种亲本遗传基础丰富,与我国常用玉米骨干自交系能明显区分,且部分与骨干自交系遗传距离较远,可创建新的杂交优势群,具有良好的应用潜力。
【Objective】Analyzed the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 107 inbred lines of maize in Yunnan,in order to provide technical support for maize germplasm innovation,genetic improvement of germplasm resources,variety management,and lay a solid foundation for fine traits related genes mining in the future.【Method】The107 maize inbred lines generalized in Yunnan were selected,45 backbone inbred lines commonly used in China were used as reference for heterotic group classification.On Axiom~?Maize 56 K SNP Array platform,maize SNP chip(56 K)was used to scan the whole maize genome,and the NJ-tree model of Treebest was used to construct phylogenetic tree,principal component analysis(PCA)was conducted by GCTA(genome-wide complex trait analysis)to reveal the genetic diversity and population genetic structure.【Result】In 107 Yunnan local inbred lines,5533 uniformly distributed high-quality SNP marker sites were finally detected.Based on the analysis of these SNP marker sites,Nei’s gene diversity index(H)of 107 maize germplasm genes was 0.2981-0.5000 with average value being 0.4832,polymorphism information content(PIC)value was 0.2536-0.3750 with average value being 0.3662.The minimum allele frequency value was 0.5000-0.8178 with average value being 0.5744.The analysis of population genetic structure showed that when K=6,the maximum value of△K was the maximum,which meaned that the inbred lines used in this study could be divided into six groups.They were Tangsi Pingtou blood relationship group,PB blood relationship group,335 female blood relationship group,Zi 330 and the Lüda Honggu blood relationship group,unknown group 1 and unknown group 2.No inbred lines were divided into other heterosis groups.Among them,37 inbred lines from 2 unknown groups could not be classified into the same group as 10 known heterosis groups in China.The results of principal component analysis showed that 107 maize inbred lines generalized in Yunnan could be clearly distinguished from the backbone maize inbred lines commonly used in China.Most of the maize inbred lines in Yunnan were concentrated near the reference backbone inbred lines.But some Yunnan inbred lines were far away from the reference inbred lines commonly used in China.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of maize germplasm resources in Yunnan is abundant,including multiple heterosis groups,and the genetic basis of breeding parents is abundant,too.It can be clearly distinguished from the backbone inbred lines commonly used in China,and some of them have a long genetic distance from the backbone inbred lines.The resources which have good application potential can be used to create new heterotic groups.
作者
张鹏
管俊娇
黄清梅
杨晓洪
张建华
康祝科
ZHANG Peng;GUAN Jun-jiao;HUANG Qing-mei;YANG Xiao-hong;ZHANG Jian-hua;KANG Zhu-ke(Quality Standard and Testing Technology Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Agriculture and rural Bureau of Suijiang County,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657700,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期2082-2089,共8页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
云南省应用基础研究青年项目(2019FD061)。
关键词
玉米
SNP芯片
群体遗传结构
遗传多样性
主成分分析
maize
SNP chips
group genetic structure
genetic diversity
principal component analysis
