With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterati...With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of astrocytes.The microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function.This article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.This article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial metabolites.Finally,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.Our findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.展开更多
目的:基于乙二醛酶-1(GLO-1)/晚期糖基化终末产物(AGE)/晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)通路探讨糖痹康干膏防治2型糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的作用机制。方法:56只SD大鼠随机选取8只为正常组,其余48只大鼠予高脂饲料喂养联合腹腔注射链脲...目的:基于乙二醛酶-1(GLO-1)/晚期糖基化终末产物(AGE)/晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)通路探讨糖痹康干膏防治2型糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的作用机制。方法:56只SD大鼠随机选取8只为正常组,其余48只大鼠予高脂饲料喂养联合腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导2型糖尿病(T2DM)模型,按血糖将大鼠随机分为模型组、唐林组(13.5 mg·kg^(-1))、二甲双胍组(135 mg·kg^(-1))和糖痹康干膏低、中、高剂量组(3、6、12 g·kg^(-1))。干预第4周模型组机械痛痛阈下降则DPN造模成功。每4周测定大鼠的空腹血糖、体质量、机械痛痛阈。干预16周,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察坐骨神经病理形态,免疫组化法检测坐骨神经RAGE、AGE、蛋白激酶C(PKC)、胶原蛋白(COL)表达,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测坐骨神经RAGE、PKC、Toll样受体(TLR)、COL、GLO-1 m RNA表达。酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、肌酐(CREA)、尿素(UREA)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组空腹血糖升高(P<0.01),体质量及机械痛痛阈降低(P<0.01),血清AST、ALT、CREA、UREA、IL-6、TNF-α升高(P<0.01),坐骨神经RAGE、AGE、PKC表达升高(P<0.01),COL表达降低(P<0.01),TLR、RAGE、PKC m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),COL、GLO-1 m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),坐骨神经形态不规则、轴索形态改变、髓鞘变性。与模型组比较,糖痹康干膏高剂量组各时间,中剂量组给药第4、16周空腹血糖降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖痹康干膏各剂量组体质量无明显变化;糖痹康干膏各剂量组在给药后不同时间出现痛阈升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);各剂量组血清IL-6、TNF-α含量下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖痹康干膏各剂量组坐骨神经中RAGE、AGE、PKC表达降低(P<0.01),COL表达升高(P<0.01),TLR、RAGE、PKC m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),GLO-1 m RNA表达升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),低、高剂量组COL m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),糖痹康干膏各剂量组病理表现均较模型组病变程度轻。结论:糖痹康干膏具有明显改善DPN作用,其机制可能与调控GLO-1/AGE/RAGE通路作用有关。展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on ...BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on the knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer and the associated factors among females in Wollo,Ethiopia,remain limited.AIM To assess the impact of family history(FH)of breast disease on knowledge,attitudes,and breast cancer preventive practices among reproductive-age females.METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June 2022 in Northeast Ethiopia and involved 143 reproductive-age females with FH of breast diseases and 209 without such a history.We selected participants using the systematic random sampling technique.We analyzed the data using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 software,and logistic regression analysis was employed to determine odds ratios for variable associations,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS Among participants with FH of breast diseases,the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices were found to be 83.9%[95%confidence interval(CI):77.9-89.9],49.0%(95%CI:40.8-57.1),and 74.1%(95%CI:66.9-81.3),respectively.In contrast,among those without FH of breast diseases,these levels were significantly decreased to 10.5%(95%CI:6.4-14.7),32.1%(95%CI:25.7-38.4),and 16.7%(95%CI:11.7-21.8),respectively.This study also indicated that knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices related to breast cancer are significantly higher among participants with FH of breast diseases compared to those without HF breast diseases.CONCLUSION Educational status,monthly income,and community health insurance were identified as significant factors associated with the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer among reproductive-age females.展开更多
Superior strength and high-temperature performance make γ-TiAl vital for lightweight aero-engines. However, its inherent brittleness poses machining problems. This study employed Elliptical Ultrasonic Vibration Milli...Superior strength and high-temperature performance make γ-TiAl vital for lightweight aero-engines. However, its inherent brittleness poses machining problems. This study employed Elliptical Ultrasonic Vibration Milling (EUVM) to address these problems. Considering the influence of machining parameters on vibration patterns of EUVM, a separation time model was established to analyze the vibration evolutionary process, thereby instructing the cutting mechanism. On this basis, deep discussions regarding chip formation, cutting force, edge breakage, and subsurface layer deformation were conducted for EUVM and Conventional Milling (CM). Chip morphology showed the chip formation was rooted in the periodic brittle fracture. Local dimples proved that the thermal effect of high-speed cutting improved the plasticity of γ-TiAl. EUVM achieved a maximum 18.17% reduction in cutting force compared with CM. The force variation mechanism differed with changes in the cutting speed or the vibration amplitude, and its correlation with thermal softening, strain hardening, and vibratory cutting effects was analyzed. EUVM attained desirable edge breakage by achieving smaller fracture lengths. The fracture mechanisms of different phases were distinct, causing a surge in edge fracture size of γ-TiAl under microstructural differences. In terms of subsurface deformation, EUVM also showed strengthening effects. Noteworthy, the lamellar deformation patterns under the cutting removal state differed from the quasi-static, which was categorized by the orientation angles. Additionally, the electron backscattering diffraction provided details of the influence of microstructural difference on the orientation and the deformation of grains in the subsurface layer. The results demonstrate that EUVM is a promising machining method for γ-TiAl and guide further research and development of EUVM γ-TiAl.展开更多
A stochastic epidemic model with two age groups is established in this study,in which the susceptible(S),the exposed(E),the infected(I),the hospitalized(H)and the recovered(R)are involved within the total population,t...A stochastic epidemic model with two age groups is established in this study,in which the susceptible(S),the exposed(E),the infected(I),the hospitalized(H)and the recovered(R)are involved within the total population,the aging rates between two age groups are set to be constant.The existence-and-uniqueness of global positive solution is firstly showed.Then,by constructing several appropriate Lyapunov functions and using the high-dimensional Itô’s formula,the sufficient conditions for the stochastic extinction and stochastic persistence of the exposed individuals and the infected individuals are obtained.The stochastic extinction indicator and the stochastic persistence indicator are less-valued expressions compared with the basic reproduction number.Meanwhile,the main results of this study are modified into multi-age groups.Furthermore,by using the surveillance data for Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou COVID-19 epidemic is chosen to carry out the numerical simulations,which show that the age group of the population plays the vital role when studying infectious diseases.展开更多
Bone age assessment(BAA)aims to determine whether a child’s growth and development are normal concerning their chronological age.To predict bone age more accurately based on radiographs,and for the left-hand X-ray im...Bone age assessment(BAA)aims to determine whether a child’s growth and development are normal concerning their chronological age.To predict bone age more accurately based on radiographs,and for the left-hand X-ray images of different races model can have better adaptability,we propose a neural network in parallel with the quantitative features from the left-hand bone measurements for BAA.In this study,a lightweight feature extractor(LFE)is designed to obtain the featuremaps fromradiographs,and amodule called attention erasermodule(AEM)is proposed to capture the fine-grained features.Meanwhile,the dimensional information of the metacarpal parts in the radiographs is measured to enhance the model’s generalization capability across images fromdifferent races.Ourmodel is trained and validated on the RSNA,RHPE,and digital hand atlas datasets,which include images from various racial groups.The model achieves a mean absolute error(MAE)of 4.42 months on the RSNA dataset and 15.98 months on the RHPE dataset.Compared to ResNet50,InceptionV3,and several state-of-the-art methods,our proposed method shows statistically significant improvements(p<0.05),with a reduction in MAE by 0.2±0.02 years across different racial datasets.Furthermore,t-tests on the features also confirm the statistical significance of our approach(p<0.05).展开更多
In this article,we discuss Ye et al's recent article on the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and subsequent risk of age-related ocular diseases.The study,which utilized United Kingdom Biobank data,hig...In this article,we discuss Ye et al's recent article on the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and subsequent risk of age-related ocular diseases.The study,which utilized United Kingdom Biobank data,highlighted a strong link between early diabetes onset and major eye conditions,such as cataracts,glaucoma,agerelated macular degeneration,and vision loss,independent of glycemic control and disease duration.This finding challenges the previous belief that diabetic eye disease primarily correlates with hyperglycemia.As lifestyles evolve and the age of diabetes diagnosis decreases,understanding this relationship may reveal the complex pathogenesis underlying diabetes-related complications.This editorial summarizes potential mechanisms connecting the age of diabetes onset with four types of ocular diseases,emphasizing the significance of early diagnosis.展开更多
The potent antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is primarily attributed to the release of silver ions,which disrupt cell membranes and inactivate essential enzymes through Ag−S bonding formation.[Objective]T...The potent antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is primarily attributed to the release of silver ions,which disrupt cell membranes and inactivate essential enzymes through Ag−S bonding formation.[Objective]To explore silver ion immobilization to minimize silver release.[Methods]A macrocyclic cryptand with nitrogen bridgeheads was prepared and subsequently chelated with silver ions to produce Cage silver(I),which was then coordinated with different ratios of sulfonated chitosan(SCS)to form SCS/Cage Ag(I)complexes(SCA1,SCA2,and SCA3).The antioxidant activities of the complexes were assessed by reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays.The antibacterial activities of the complexes were evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)and minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBCs)against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the inhibition rate on biofilm formation.[Results]Cage silver(I)exhibited strong antibacterial activity,with the MIC of 0.015 mg/mL and MBC of 0.031 mg/mL against S.aureus ATCC 6538,and the MIC of 0.031 mg/mL and MBC of 0.120 mg/mL against E.coli O157:H7.Significant antioxidant properties of Cage silver(I)were also observed,as demonstrated by the DPPH free radical scavenging rates of 42.2%and 53.1%at 326 nm and 517 nm,respectively.Cage silver(I)exhibited the highest antibacterial and antioxidant activities,followed by SCA1,SCA2,SCA3,and SCS,because the content of silver ions in Cage silver(I)was 10-fold higher than that in SCA1.The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of SCA1 were better than those of Cage silver(I),which further indicated that the sulfonic groups of SCS may intensely coordinate with silver ions to exert synergistic effects.[Conclusion]Combining the merits of silver ions and SCS improves the bioavailability of the agent at microbicidal concentrations,minimizes the accumulation in the environment,and reduces treatment costs.The method developed herein offers a sustainable approach to enhance microbial control while minimizing the impact on the environment.展开更多
Formation control in multi-agent systems has become a critical area of interest due to its wide-ranging applications in robotics,autonomous transportation,and surveillance.While various studies have explored distribut...Formation control in multi-agent systems has become a critical area of interest due to its wide-ranging applications in robotics,autonomous transportation,and surveillance.While various studies have explored distributed cooperative control,this review focuses on the theoretical foundations and recent developments in formation control strategies.The paper categorizes and analyzes key formation types,including formation maintenance,group or cluster formation,bipartite formations,event-triggered formations,finite-time convergence,and constrained formations.A significant portion of the review addresses formation control under constrained dynamics,presenting both modelbased and model-free approaches that consider practical limitations such as actuator bounds,communication delays,and nonholonomic constraints.Additionally,the paper discusses emerging trends,including the integration of eventdriven mechanisms and AI-enhanced coordination strategies.Comparative evaluations highlight the trade-offs among various methodologies regarding scalability,robustness,and real-world feasibility.Practical implementations are reviewed across diverse platforms,and the review identifies the current achievements and unresolved challenges in the field.The paper concludes by outlining promising research directions,such as adaptive control for dynamic environments,energy-efficient coordination,and using learning-based control under uncertainty.This review synthesizes the current state of the art and provides a road map for future investigation,making it a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners aiming to advance formation control in multi-agent systems.展开更多
BACKGROUND Old donor allografts in liver transplantation(LT)account for 25%of all allografts,and their utilization is projected to increase with the aging general population.Older allografts are associated with higher...BACKGROUND Old donor allografts in liver transplantation(LT)account for 25%of all allografts,and their utilization is projected to increase with the aging general population.Older allografts are associated with higher rates of all-cause mortality and graft failure;however,there is limited literature exploring the specific phenotypic changes(e.g.,functional status,cause-specific mortality)observed in different donor:recipient age pairs.AIM To investigate differences in functional impairment and cause-specific mortality between different donor:recipient age pairs.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of LT patients from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from 2002 to 2022.Donors were categorized into younger age donors,≤45-years(YAD),middle-aged donors,46-69-years(MAD),and older age donors,≥70-years(OAD).Recipients were categorized into younger age recipients,≤55-years(YAR)and older age recipients,>55-years(OAR)age recipients.Multivariate Fine-Gray competing risk and logistic regression analyses identified independent risk factors for cause-specific mortality and improvements in functional status,respectively.RESULTS Overall,126185 patients were included in the analysis:YAD:YAR(32.7%), YAD:OAR (25.2%), MAD:YAR (17.5%), MAD:OAR (20.7%), OAD:YAR (1.3%), and OAD:OAR (2.7%). Compared toYAD:YAR, OAD pairs had the lowest likelihoods of improved functional status 5 years post-LT (OAD:YAR oddsratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.67, P < 0.001;OAD:OAR odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.51-0.89, P = 0.006). Donor:recipient age pairs with older donors had higher rates of graft- and infection-relatedmortality compared to those with younger donors (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, donor:recipient age pairs with olderrecipients had higher cardioneurovascular- or malignancy-related deaths compared to those with youngerrecipients (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONDonor:recipient age mismatch was associated with differences in cause-specific mortality and functional status.These insights could potentially inform age-matched organ allocation strategies, though future work is warranted.展开更多
Although eye problems can occur at any age, they are often common from the age of 40. Eye diseases with a prevalence associated with age and aging will continue to increase in the coming years. Most studies conducted ...Although eye problems can occur at any age, they are often common from the age of 40. Eye diseases with a prevalence associated with age and aging will continue to increase in the coming years. Most studies conducted on problems in middle-aged people have focused on visual disorders without taking into account all the ocular morbidities that may affect this segment of the population, hence the present study, the aim of which is to determine the proportions of different eye diseases in people aged 40 and over. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the ophthalmology department covering the period from January 1 to December 31, 2020. Results: In total, we collected 828 patients aged 40 and over out of 1811 patients who received ophthalmological consultation during the study period, representing 45.72%. The most represented age group was 40 - 50 years, with an average age of 58.84 years and a maximum of 93 years. There were slightly more women (62.3%) than men (37.7%). The main reasons for consultation were decreased visual acuity (26.4%) and pruritus (19.9%). The main eye diseases diagnosed were cataracts (23%), allergic conjunctivitis (21.1%), and bacterial conjunctivitis (14.2%). Discussions: The predominance of cataracts in the diagnosed diseases confirms the literature data, according to which the main eye morbidities in middle-aged and elderly people are cataracts, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration. Conclusion: It is crucial to have a mastery of these epidemiological data of eye diseases in order to adapt the technical platforms of eye care structures to the needs of different segments of the population.展开更多
This study aimed to compare the complications of preterm twins versus singletons and analyze differences across gestational ages.Preterm twins delivered between 2 March 2022 and 6 November 2022 were compared to an age...This study aimed to compare the complications of preterm twins versus singletons and analyze differences across gestational ages.Preterm twins delivered between 2 March 2022 and 6 November 2022 were compared to an age-matched control group of singletons,involving 65 twins and 103 singletons.The most common complication in premature infants was neonatal jaundice(87.72%),followed by patent foramen ovale(79.76%)and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)(57.14%).Twins had significantly higher Apgar scores at 1,5,and 10 minutes compared to singletons.However,twins showed a higher incidence of ventricular septal defect(VSD)(7.69%)than singletons,with a statistically significant difference.In contrast,twins exhibited significantly lower rates of neonatal jaundice(78.46%),electrolyte imbalance(18.4%),and acid-base imbalance(9.23%)compared to singletons.Furthermore,as gestational age increased,the incidence of intrauterine infection,electrolyte and acid-base imbalances,neonatal coagulation disorders,patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),anemia,and NRDS in preterm infants gradually decreased,with all differences reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).These findings highlight the importance of close monitoring and timely management of complications in premature infants to prevent severe outcomes.展开更多
Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated a...Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated aging of the brain,a mutual information—support vector regression(MI-SVR)brain age prediction model is proposed.First,the age deviation is introduced according to the biological hypothesis of AD.Second,fitness function is designed based on mutual information criterion.Third,support vector regression and fitness function are used to obtain the predicted brain age and fitness value of the subjects,respectively.The optimal age deviation is obtained by maximizing the fitness value.Finally,the proposed method is compared with some existing brain age detection methods.Experimental results show that the brain age obtained by the proposed method has better separability,can better reflect the accelerated aging of AD,and is more helpful for improving the diagnostic accuracy of AD.展开更多
Recent JWST observations have revealed that dwarf galaxies start to cease star formation at redshifts z>1,yet the quenching process remains unclear.In this study,we selected a large sample of 3405 dwarf galaxies wi...Recent JWST observations have revealed that dwarf galaxies start to cease star formation at redshifts z>1,yet the quenching process remains unclear.In this study,we selected a large sample of 3405 dwarf galaxies with stellar masses below 109.5Me and redshifts ranging from 1.0 to 1.5 across all five CANDELS fields.By utilizing multi-wavelength imaging data from both JWST and HST,we examined the growth patterns and modes of star formation quenching in dwarf galaxies during the cosmic noon era.Based on their specific star formation rates (sS FR),we categorized the sample into three subgroups:star-forming dwarf galaxies below and above the star formation main sequence (SFMS),and quiescent dwarf galaxies.To analyze the UVJ color profiles of these three subgroups of dwarf galaxies,we applied the image stacking technique.This method improves the signal-to-noise ratio and extends the color profiles to the outer regions of the galaxies.Our results show that these galaxies generally exhibit nearly flat stacked color profiles,suggesting that,on average,their growth and star formation quenching patterns are self-similar,differing from those previously observed in dwarf galaxies at lower redshifts.We further discuss the potential roles of internal and external physical processes in the star formation quenching of dwarf galaxies during the cosmic noon period.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the improvement effect of combined treatment of eschar abrasion, nanosilver dressing, and mussel mucin spray on wound healing in patients with second-degree burns, and to explore their effects o...Objective: To evaluate the improvement effect of combined treatment of eschar abrasion, nanosilver dressing, and mussel mucin spray on wound healing in patients with second-degree burns, and to explore their effects on the expression level of (advanced glycation end products) AGEs in wound tissue, so as to provide a basis for the application of AGEs expression level in wound tissue in the future clinical treatment of second-degree burns. Methods: Patients with second-degree burns admitted to the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from July 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects. This study was a non-double-blind study, and both patients and researchers were aware of the treatment methods. They were randomly divided into Group A (control group) and Group B (study group). According to the order of their visits, the patients were numbered in advance;then the seed number was taken, and 70 random numbers were generated on the computer using SAS, the first 35 corresponding to group A, and the last 35 corresponding to group B;the random numbers were arranged from small to large, and the rank of the random numbers was the patient number;finally, the patient numbers were arranged from small to large, and the corresponding groups were the grouping scheme. 1) Wound healing time: The wound healing was observed every day, and the wound healing time was calculated when the wound was completely epithelialized. 2) Wound healing: The wound healing area was measured 1, 7, and 14 days after treatment, and transparent paper was used to record combined with a computer-assisted imaging system. Wound healing rate = wound healing area (cm2)/total wound area before treatment (cm2) × 100%. The time for complete wound healing was recorded in the two groups of patients. 3) Pain: The pain was evaluated at 1, 7, and 14 days after treatment using the visual analogue scale (VAS). The higher the score, the more severe the pain. 4) Scar condition: Scar formation was evaluated 1, 3, and 6 months after wound healing using the VAS scale, with a total score of 15 points. The higher the score, the more severe the scar. 5) Detect the expression of AGEs in wound tissue. Results: The wound healed 14.03 ± 2.28 days after eschar removal, with a cure rate of 97.8%. No infection occurred in the wound after eschar removal in all patients. The wound healing time ranged from 9 to 23 days, with an average healing time of 28.41 ± 1.45 days. The healing quality was satisfactory. The Vancouver Scar Scale scored the wound healing scar as 0.81 ± 0.73 points. Western blot was used to detect the expression of AGEs, (receptor for advanced glycation end products) RAGE, and protein in the wound tissue. Results After 7, 14, and 28 days of medication, the wounds of diabetic patients healed well. The drug treatment efficacy and hydroxyproline content showed an upward trend, and the expression levels of AGEs, RAGE, and HIF-1a proteins showed a downward trend. Compared with day 0, the hydroxyproline content of the wound granulation tissue on days 7, 14, and 28 was significantly increased (P< 0.01), and the expression levels of AGEs, RAGE, and HIF-1α proteins were significantly downregulated (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Conclusion: Monitoring the expression levels of AGEs and RAGE can reflect the wound-healing effect of patients with second-degree burns, and the prognosis of the wound is closely related to the expression levels of AGEs, RAGE, and scab abrasion. In the treatment of second-degree burn wounds, scab abrasion can grasp the level of necrotic scab removal, can achieve “relatively accurate” removal of necrotic tissue, maximally protect the ecological tissue between wounds and retaining normal tissue, and can play a positive role in promoting the healing process of burn wounds;at the same time, nanosilver dressings have good antibacterial properties and high safety, and mussel mucin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and the characteristics of blocking nerve endings, which can effectively relieve the burning, stinging, and itching of sensitive skin and effectively promote wound healing.展开更多
Based on two waves of CHARLS data,this paper uses descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression estimation model to analyze the effect of age on the intergenerational economic support for the rural elderly w...Based on two waves of CHARLS data,this paper uses descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression estimation model to analyze the effect of age on the intergenerational economic support for the rural elderly within the framework of three-generation lineal group families.The study found that the diffusion effect of age on the intergenerational economic support for the rural elderly still existed when using a five-year age group model as the measure.In the distribution of intergenerational economic support for the rural elderly by age group,there was a notable decline in economic support from the filial generation for those aged 85 and above.For the age group of 85 and above,it was the grandchild generation that gradually increased its economic support,the result of a form of intergenerational relay for the care of the elderly.Comparison of the two waves of data reveals that familism still exhibits a strong resilience and is behind the intergenerational cooperation in Chinese rural families.The culture of filial piety and respect for elders,which reflects China’s national characteristics as well as contemporary values,should continue to be promoted.To achieve this,it is necessary to maintain the supportive function of family-based care for the rural elderly through family-friendly policies and the systematic improvement of the current multi-tiered policies for the care of the rural elderly.展开更多
基金supported by the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Foundation,No.22HHXBSS00047(to PL)Graduate Science and Technology Innovation Project of Tianjin,No.2022BKY173(to LZ)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Foundation,No.20201194(to PL).
文摘With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide.Aging is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of astrocytes.The microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive function.This article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.This article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial metabolites.Finally,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.Our findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.
文摘目的:基于乙二醛酶-1(GLO-1)/晚期糖基化终末产物(AGE)/晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)通路探讨糖痹康干膏防治2型糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的作用机制。方法:56只SD大鼠随机选取8只为正常组,其余48只大鼠予高脂饲料喂养联合腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导2型糖尿病(T2DM)模型,按血糖将大鼠随机分为模型组、唐林组(13.5 mg·kg^(-1))、二甲双胍组(135 mg·kg^(-1))和糖痹康干膏低、中、高剂量组(3、6、12 g·kg^(-1))。干预第4周模型组机械痛痛阈下降则DPN造模成功。每4周测定大鼠的空腹血糖、体质量、机械痛痛阈。干预16周,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法观察坐骨神经病理形态,免疫组化法检测坐骨神经RAGE、AGE、蛋白激酶C(PKC)、胶原蛋白(COL)表达,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测坐骨神经RAGE、PKC、Toll样受体(TLR)、COL、GLO-1 m RNA表达。酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、肌酐(CREA)、尿素(UREA)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组空腹血糖升高(P<0.01),体质量及机械痛痛阈降低(P<0.01),血清AST、ALT、CREA、UREA、IL-6、TNF-α升高(P<0.01),坐骨神经RAGE、AGE、PKC表达升高(P<0.01),COL表达降低(P<0.01),TLR、RAGE、PKC m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),COL、GLO-1 m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),坐骨神经形态不规则、轴索形态改变、髓鞘变性。与模型组比较,糖痹康干膏高剂量组各时间,中剂量组给药第4、16周空腹血糖降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖痹康干膏各剂量组体质量无明显变化;糖痹康干膏各剂量组在给药后不同时间出现痛阈升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);各剂量组血清IL-6、TNF-α含量下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖痹康干膏各剂量组坐骨神经中RAGE、AGE、PKC表达降低(P<0.01),COL表达升高(P<0.01),TLR、RAGE、PKC m RNA表达降低(P<0.01),GLO-1 m RNA表达升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),低、高剂量组COL m RNA表达升高(P<0.01),糖痹康干膏各剂量组病理表现均较模型组病变程度轻。结论:糖痹康干膏具有明显改善DPN作用,其机制可能与调控GLO-1/AGE/RAGE通路作用有关。
文摘BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on the knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer and the associated factors among females in Wollo,Ethiopia,remain limited.AIM To assess the impact of family history(FH)of breast disease on knowledge,attitudes,and breast cancer preventive practices among reproductive-age females.METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June 2022 in Northeast Ethiopia and involved 143 reproductive-age females with FH of breast diseases and 209 without such a history.We selected participants using the systematic random sampling technique.We analyzed the data using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 software,and logistic regression analysis was employed to determine odds ratios for variable associations,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS Among participants with FH of breast diseases,the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices were found to be 83.9%[95%confidence interval(CI):77.9-89.9],49.0%(95%CI:40.8-57.1),and 74.1%(95%CI:66.9-81.3),respectively.In contrast,among those without FH of breast diseases,these levels were significantly decreased to 10.5%(95%CI:6.4-14.7),32.1%(95%CI:25.7-38.4),and 16.7%(95%CI:11.7-21.8),respectively.This study also indicated that knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices related to breast cancer are significantly higher among participants with FH of breast diseases compared to those without HF breast diseases.CONCLUSION Educational status,monthly income,and community health insurance were identified as significant factors associated with the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer among reproductive-age females.
基金co-supported by the Science Center for Gas Turbine Project, China(No. P2022-AB-IV-001-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91960203)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. D5000230048)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi (No. 2022TD-60)
文摘Superior strength and high-temperature performance make γ-TiAl vital for lightweight aero-engines. However, its inherent brittleness poses machining problems. This study employed Elliptical Ultrasonic Vibration Milling (EUVM) to address these problems. Considering the influence of machining parameters on vibration patterns of EUVM, a separation time model was established to analyze the vibration evolutionary process, thereby instructing the cutting mechanism. On this basis, deep discussions regarding chip formation, cutting force, edge breakage, and subsurface layer deformation were conducted for EUVM and Conventional Milling (CM). Chip morphology showed the chip formation was rooted in the periodic brittle fracture. Local dimples proved that the thermal effect of high-speed cutting improved the plasticity of γ-TiAl. EUVM achieved a maximum 18.17% reduction in cutting force compared with CM. The force variation mechanism differed with changes in the cutting speed or the vibration amplitude, and its correlation with thermal softening, strain hardening, and vibratory cutting effects was analyzed. EUVM attained desirable edge breakage by achieving smaller fracture lengths. The fracture mechanisms of different phases were distinct, causing a surge in edge fracture size of γ-TiAl under microstructural differences. In terms of subsurface deformation, EUVM also showed strengthening effects. Noteworthy, the lamellar deformation patterns under the cutting removal state differed from the quasi-static, which was categorized by the orientation angles. Additionally, the electron backscattering diffraction provided details of the influence of microstructural difference on the orientation and the deformation of grains in the subsurface layer. The results demonstrate that EUVM is a promising machining method for γ-TiAl and guide further research and development of EUVM γ-TiAl.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61911530398,12231012)Consultancy Project by the Chinese Academy of Engineering(2022-JB-06,2023-JB-12)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2021J01621)Special Projects of the Central Government Guiding Local Science and Technology Development(2021L3018)Royal Society of Edinburgh(RSE1832)Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EP/W522521/1).
文摘A stochastic epidemic model with two age groups is established in this study,in which the susceptible(S),the exposed(E),the infected(I),the hospitalized(H)and the recovered(R)are involved within the total population,the aging rates between two age groups are set to be constant.The existence-and-uniqueness of global positive solution is firstly showed.Then,by constructing several appropriate Lyapunov functions and using the high-dimensional Itô’s formula,the sufficient conditions for the stochastic extinction and stochastic persistence of the exposed individuals and the infected individuals are obtained.The stochastic extinction indicator and the stochastic persistence indicator are less-valued expressions compared with the basic reproduction number.Meanwhile,the main results of this study are modified into multi-age groups.Furthermore,by using the surveillance data for Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou COVID-19 epidemic is chosen to carry out the numerical simulations,which show that the age group of the population plays the vital role when studying infectious diseases.
基金supported by the grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72071019)grant from the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0185).
文摘Bone age assessment(BAA)aims to determine whether a child’s growth and development are normal concerning their chronological age.To predict bone age more accurately based on radiographs,and for the left-hand X-ray images of different races model can have better adaptability,we propose a neural network in parallel with the quantitative features from the left-hand bone measurements for BAA.In this study,a lightweight feature extractor(LFE)is designed to obtain the featuremaps fromradiographs,and amodule called attention erasermodule(AEM)is proposed to capture the fine-grained features.Meanwhile,the dimensional information of the metacarpal parts in the radiographs is measured to enhance the model’s generalization capability across images fromdifferent races.Ourmodel is trained and validated on the RSNA,RHPE,and digital hand atlas datasets,which include images from various racial groups.The model achieves a mean absolute error(MAE)of 4.42 months on the RSNA dataset and 15.98 months on the RHPE dataset.Compared to ResNet50,InceptionV3,and several state-of-the-art methods,our proposed method shows statistically significant improvements(p<0.05),with a reduction in MAE by 0.2±0.02 years across different racial datasets.Furthermore,t-tests on the features also confirm the statistical significance of our approach(p<0.05).
文摘In this article,we discuss Ye et al's recent article on the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and subsequent risk of age-related ocular diseases.The study,which utilized United Kingdom Biobank data,highlighted a strong link between early diabetes onset and major eye conditions,such as cataracts,glaucoma,agerelated macular degeneration,and vision loss,independent of glycemic control and disease duration.This finding challenges the previous belief that diabetic eye disease primarily correlates with hyperglycemia.As lifestyles evolve and the age of diabetes diagnosis decreases,understanding this relationship may reveal the complex pathogenesis underlying diabetes-related complications.This editorial summarizes potential mechanisms connecting the age of diabetes onset with four types of ocular diseases,emphasizing the significance of early diagnosis.
文摘The potent antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is primarily attributed to the release of silver ions,which disrupt cell membranes and inactivate essential enzymes through Ag−S bonding formation.[Objective]To explore silver ion immobilization to minimize silver release.[Methods]A macrocyclic cryptand with nitrogen bridgeheads was prepared and subsequently chelated with silver ions to produce Cage silver(I),which was then coordinated with different ratios of sulfonated chitosan(SCS)to form SCS/Cage Ag(I)complexes(SCA1,SCA2,and SCA3).The antioxidant activities of the complexes were assessed by reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays.The antibacterial activities of the complexes were evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)and minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBCs)against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the inhibition rate on biofilm formation.[Results]Cage silver(I)exhibited strong antibacterial activity,with the MIC of 0.015 mg/mL and MBC of 0.031 mg/mL against S.aureus ATCC 6538,and the MIC of 0.031 mg/mL and MBC of 0.120 mg/mL against E.coli O157:H7.Significant antioxidant properties of Cage silver(I)were also observed,as demonstrated by the DPPH free radical scavenging rates of 42.2%and 53.1%at 326 nm and 517 nm,respectively.Cage silver(I)exhibited the highest antibacterial and antioxidant activities,followed by SCA1,SCA2,SCA3,and SCS,because the content of silver ions in Cage silver(I)was 10-fold higher than that in SCA1.The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of SCA1 were better than those of Cage silver(I),which further indicated that the sulfonic groups of SCS may intensely coordinate with silver ions to exert synergistic effects.[Conclusion]Combining the merits of silver ions and SCS improves the bioavailability of the agent at microbicidal concentrations,minimizes the accumulation in the environment,and reduces treatment costs.The method developed herein offers a sustainable approach to enhance microbial control while minimizing the impact on the environment.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 6237319in part by the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province under Grant KYCX230479.
文摘Formation control in multi-agent systems has become a critical area of interest due to its wide-ranging applications in robotics,autonomous transportation,and surveillance.While various studies have explored distributed cooperative control,this review focuses on the theoretical foundations and recent developments in formation control strategies.The paper categorizes and analyzes key formation types,including formation maintenance,group or cluster formation,bipartite formations,event-triggered formations,finite-time convergence,and constrained formations.A significant portion of the review addresses formation control under constrained dynamics,presenting both modelbased and model-free approaches that consider practical limitations such as actuator bounds,communication delays,and nonholonomic constraints.Additionally,the paper discusses emerging trends,including the integration of eventdriven mechanisms and AI-enhanced coordination strategies.Comparative evaluations highlight the trade-offs among various methodologies regarding scalability,robustness,and real-world feasibility.Practical implementations are reviewed across diverse platforms,and the review identifies the current achievements and unresolved challenges in the field.The paper concludes by outlining promising research directions,such as adaptive control for dynamic environments,energy-efficient coordination,and using learning-based control under uncertainty.This review synthesizes the current state of the art and provides a road map for future investigation,making it a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners aiming to advance formation control in multi-agent systems.
文摘BACKGROUND Old donor allografts in liver transplantation(LT)account for 25%of all allografts,and their utilization is projected to increase with the aging general population.Older allografts are associated with higher rates of all-cause mortality and graft failure;however,there is limited literature exploring the specific phenotypic changes(e.g.,functional status,cause-specific mortality)observed in different donor:recipient age pairs.AIM To investigate differences in functional impairment and cause-specific mortality between different donor:recipient age pairs.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of LT patients from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from 2002 to 2022.Donors were categorized into younger age donors,≤45-years(YAD),middle-aged donors,46-69-years(MAD),and older age donors,≥70-years(OAD).Recipients were categorized into younger age recipients,≤55-years(YAR)and older age recipients,>55-years(OAR)age recipients.Multivariate Fine-Gray competing risk and logistic regression analyses identified independent risk factors for cause-specific mortality and improvements in functional status,respectively.RESULTS Overall,126185 patients were included in the analysis:YAD:YAR(32.7%), YAD:OAR (25.2%), MAD:YAR (17.5%), MAD:OAR (20.7%), OAD:YAR (1.3%), and OAD:OAR (2.7%). Compared toYAD:YAR, OAD pairs had the lowest likelihoods of improved functional status 5 years post-LT (OAD:YAR oddsratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.67, P < 0.001;OAD:OAR odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.51-0.89, P = 0.006). Donor:recipient age pairs with older donors had higher rates of graft- and infection-relatedmortality compared to those with younger donors (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, donor:recipient age pairs with olderrecipients had higher cardioneurovascular- or malignancy-related deaths compared to those with youngerrecipients (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONDonor:recipient age mismatch was associated with differences in cause-specific mortality and functional status.These insights could potentially inform age-matched organ allocation strategies, though future work is warranted.
文摘Although eye problems can occur at any age, they are often common from the age of 40. Eye diseases with a prevalence associated with age and aging will continue to increase in the coming years. Most studies conducted on problems in middle-aged people have focused on visual disorders without taking into account all the ocular morbidities that may affect this segment of the population, hence the present study, the aim of which is to determine the proportions of different eye diseases in people aged 40 and over. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the ophthalmology department covering the period from January 1 to December 31, 2020. Results: In total, we collected 828 patients aged 40 and over out of 1811 patients who received ophthalmological consultation during the study period, representing 45.72%. The most represented age group was 40 - 50 years, with an average age of 58.84 years and a maximum of 93 years. There were slightly more women (62.3%) than men (37.7%). The main reasons for consultation were decreased visual acuity (26.4%) and pruritus (19.9%). The main eye diseases diagnosed were cataracts (23%), allergic conjunctivitis (21.1%), and bacterial conjunctivitis (14.2%). Discussions: The predominance of cataracts in the diagnosed diseases confirms the literature data, according to which the main eye morbidities in middle-aged and elderly people are cataracts, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration. Conclusion: It is crucial to have a mastery of these epidemiological data of eye diseases in order to adapt the technical platforms of eye care structures to the needs of different segments of the population.
文摘This study aimed to compare the complications of preterm twins versus singletons and analyze differences across gestational ages.Preterm twins delivered between 2 March 2022 and 6 November 2022 were compared to an age-matched control group of singletons,involving 65 twins and 103 singletons.The most common complication in premature infants was neonatal jaundice(87.72%),followed by patent foramen ovale(79.76%)and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)(57.14%).Twins had significantly higher Apgar scores at 1,5,and 10 minutes compared to singletons.However,twins showed a higher incidence of ventricular septal defect(VSD)(7.69%)than singletons,with a statistically significant difference.In contrast,twins exhibited significantly lower rates of neonatal jaundice(78.46%),electrolyte imbalance(18.4%),and acid-base imbalance(9.23%)compared to singletons.Furthermore,as gestational age increased,the incidence of intrauterine infection,electrolyte and acid-base imbalances,neonatal coagulation disorders,patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),anemia,and NRDS in preterm infants gradually decreased,with all differences reaching statistical significance(P<0.05).These findings highlight the importance of close monitoring and timely management of complications in premature infants to prevent severe outcomes.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstb2022nscq-msx1575)the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Nos.KJQN202201512,KJQN202001523 and KJZD-M202101501)+1 种基金the Chongqing University of Science and Technology Research Funding Projects(Nos.CKRC2022019 and CKRC2019042)the Open Foundation of the Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oil and Gas Production Safety and Risk Control(No.cqsrc202113)。
文摘Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated aging of the brain,a mutual information—support vector regression(MI-SVR)brain age prediction model is proposed.First,the age deviation is introduced according to the biological hypothesis of AD.Second,fitness function is designed based on mutual information criterion.Third,support vector regression and fitness function are used to obtain the predicted brain age and fitness value of the subjects,respectively.The optimal age deviation is obtained by maximizing the fitness value.Finally,the proposed method is compared with some existing brain age detection methods.Experimental results show that the brain age obtained by the proposed method has better separability,can better reflect the accelerated aging of AD,and is more helpful for improving the diagnostic accuracy of AD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC,grant Nos.12273052,11733006,12090040,12090041 and 12073051)the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project (No.CMS-CSST-2021-A04)+6 种基金the support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No.2020SKA0110100)the science research grants from the China Manned Space Project (No.CMS-CSST-2021-A01)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (No.YSBR-062)supported by the National Key R&D Program(2023YFE0101200)the China Manned Space Project (No.CMS-CSST-2025-A07)the NSFC (grant No.12393813)the Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program (YunLing Scholar Project)。
文摘Recent JWST observations have revealed that dwarf galaxies start to cease star formation at redshifts z>1,yet the quenching process remains unclear.In this study,we selected a large sample of 3405 dwarf galaxies with stellar masses below 109.5Me and redshifts ranging from 1.0 to 1.5 across all five CANDELS fields.By utilizing multi-wavelength imaging data from both JWST and HST,we examined the growth patterns and modes of star formation quenching in dwarf galaxies during the cosmic noon era.Based on their specific star formation rates (sS FR),we categorized the sample into three subgroups:star-forming dwarf galaxies below and above the star formation main sequence (SFMS),and quiescent dwarf galaxies.To analyze the UVJ color profiles of these three subgroups of dwarf galaxies,we applied the image stacking technique.This method improves the signal-to-noise ratio and extends the color profiles to the outer regions of the galaxies.Our results show that these galaxies generally exhibit nearly flat stacked color profiles,suggesting that,on average,their growth and star formation quenching patterns are self-similar,differing from those previously observed in dwarf galaxies at lower redshifts.We further discuss the potential roles of internal and external physical processes in the star formation quenching of dwarf galaxies during the cosmic noon period.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the improvement effect of combined treatment of eschar abrasion, nanosilver dressing, and mussel mucin spray on wound healing in patients with second-degree burns, and to explore their effects on the expression level of (advanced glycation end products) AGEs in wound tissue, so as to provide a basis for the application of AGEs expression level in wound tissue in the future clinical treatment of second-degree burns. Methods: Patients with second-degree burns admitted to the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from July 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects. This study was a non-double-blind study, and both patients and researchers were aware of the treatment methods. They were randomly divided into Group A (control group) and Group B (study group). According to the order of their visits, the patients were numbered in advance;then the seed number was taken, and 70 random numbers were generated on the computer using SAS, the first 35 corresponding to group A, and the last 35 corresponding to group B;the random numbers were arranged from small to large, and the rank of the random numbers was the patient number;finally, the patient numbers were arranged from small to large, and the corresponding groups were the grouping scheme. 1) Wound healing time: The wound healing was observed every day, and the wound healing time was calculated when the wound was completely epithelialized. 2) Wound healing: The wound healing area was measured 1, 7, and 14 days after treatment, and transparent paper was used to record combined with a computer-assisted imaging system. Wound healing rate = wound healing area (cm2)/total wound area before treatment (cm2) × 100%. The time for complete wound healing was recorded in the two groups of patients. 3) Pain: The pain was evaluated at 1, 7, and 14 days after treatment using the visual analogue scale (VAS). The higher the score, the more severe the pain. 4) Scar condition: Scar formation was evaluated 1, 3, and 6 months after wound healing using the VAS scale, with a total score of 15 points. The higher the score, the more severe the scar. 5) Detect the expression of AGEs in wound tissue. Results: The wound healed 14.03 ± 2.28 days after eschar removal, with a cure rate of 97.8%. No infection occurred in the wound after eschar removal in all patients. The wound healing time ranged from 9 to 23 days, with an average healing time of 28.41 ± 1.45 days. The healing quality was satisfactory. The Vancouver Scar Scale scored the wound healing scar as 0.81 ± 0.73 points. Western blot was used to detect the expression of AGEs, (receptor for advanced glycation end products) RAGE, and protein in the wound tissue. Results After 7, 14, and 28 days of medication, the wounds of diabetic patients healed well. The drug treatment efficacy and hydroxyproline content showed an upward trend, and the expression levels of AGEs, RAGE, and HIF-1a proteins showed a downward trend. Compared with day 0, the hydroxyproline content of the wound granulation tissue on days 7, 14, and 28 was significantly increased (P< 0.01), and the expression levels of AGEs, RAGE, and HIF-1α proteins were significantly downregulated (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Conclusion: Monitoring the expression levels of AGEs and RAGE can reflect the wound-healing effect of patients with second-degree burns, and the prognosis of the wound is closely related to the expression levels of AGEs, RAGE, and scab abrasion. In the treatment of second-degree burn wounds, scab abrasion can grasp the level of necrotic scab removal, can achieve “relatively accurate” removal of necrotic tissue, maximally protect the ecological tissue between wounds and retaining normal tissue, and can play a positive role in promoting the healing process of burn wounds;at the same time, nanosilver dressings have good antibacterial properties and high safety, and mussel mucin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and the characteristics of blocking nerve endings, which can effectively relieve the burning, stinging, and itching of sensitive skin and effectively promote wound healing.
基金the National Social Science Foundation of China’s general project“Research on the Enhancement of the Elderly Care Support of Rural Families under the Changing Intergenerational Relations”(Project No.:21BRK028)in 2021.
文摘Based on two waves of CHARLS data,this paper uses descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression estimation model to analyze the effect of age on the intergenerational economic support for the rural elderly within the framework of three-generation lineal group families.The study found that the diffusion effect of age on the intergenerational economic support for the rural elderly still existed when using a five-year age group model as the measure.In the distribution of intergenerational economic support for the rural elderly by age group,there was a notable decline in economic support from the filial generation for those aged 85 and above.For the age group of 85 and above,it was the grandchild generation that gradually increased its economic support,the result of a form of intergenerational relay for the care of the elderly.Comparison of the two waves of data reveals that familism still exhibits a strong resilience and is behind the intergenerational cooperation in Chinese rural families.The culture of filial piety and respect for elders,which reflects China’s national characteristics as well as contemporary values,should continue to be promoted.To achieve this,it is necessary to maintain the supportive function of family-based care for the rural elderly through family-friendly policies and the systematic improvement of the current multi-tiered policies for the care of the rural elderly.
