Evaluating the habitat suitability of flagship species and its key influencing factors is vital for understanding potential conservation issues and developing coping strategies.We surveyed the wintering population siz...Evaluating the habitat suitability of flagship species and its key influencing factors is vital for understanding potential conservation issues and developing coping strategies.We surveyed the wintering population size and distribution of the Black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis)in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin(YZRB)from 10 to 29 January 2022,and predicted the current potentially suitable habitat distribution and its effective factors using the Max Ent model.A total of 9337 wintering Black-necked Cranes were recorded in the YZRB in 2022,76.58%of which were primarily found in Lhunzub,Samzhubze,Namling,and Lhaze.Compared to 2018,the crane population has exhibited a notable decline in Samzhubze and Taktse,likely due to farmland plowing,winter irrigation,changes in agricultural practices,road construction and hydraulic projects.The crane population within various counties exhibited a significant positive correlation with the suitable habitat area(r=0.70,P=0.002,n=17).We also found that the currently suitable habitat area covered 17,204 km~2,of which only 3244 km~2(18.86%)was effectively protected at the national level,which was predominantly distributed in farmland and rangeland habitats characterized by gentle slopes,altitudes not exceeding 4500 m,and proximity to human settlements along rivers,where suitable isothermal values(51)and less seasonal precipitation(20 mm)prevail.Our study will be helpful for formulating reasonable conservation strategies to protect the core population of this threatened highland flagship species.展开更多
National flags are very important symbols of countries.They represent the countries’s authority and dignity of a country.However,there are some occasions where the flags were produced incorrectly(or as frauds)but sti...National flags are very important symbols of countries.They represent the countries’s authority and dignity of a country.However,there are some occasions where the flags were produced incorrectly(or as frauds)but still hung officially without a formal inspection.In this paper,we propose a photogrammetric inspection method for hanging national flags of China,for which only one single image is required to perform the inspection.The proposed method allows automatic estimation of the relative positions and orientation of the pentagrams,so exposure of inappropriate flags can be identified avoided.The method invokes a novel 2D geometric model of a pentagram(five-pointed star)to constrain an adjustment to estimate the camera’s exterior orientation parameters based on a single image of a statically hung flag.Conventional error parameters such as the radial distortion parameters are integrated into the pentagram model to form a calibration process to reduce the 3D reconstruction errors.Once the camera and the distortion parameters are estimated,the relative positions,orientations,and dimensions of all the five pentagrams can be readily computed with independent pentagram fitting so the flag quality can be verified using the national standard.More than 20 different hanging flags were captured to verify the proposed method.The results indicate that the method is flexible and accurate,with an accuracy of 1.1mm for the position/dimension,and 0.2°for the orientation on average.Since the method is based on the proposed geometric model of the pentagram,it can be readily adapted to form another system to verify other countries’national flags containing more than one pentagram.展开更多
We’ve all seen the war movies;Before headingoff to battle,the rookie recruit kisses his girlfriend goodbye,promising,'As soon as I come back,I will marry you.'Or maybe he keeps a photo of that childhood sweet...We’ve all seen the war movies;Before headingoff to battle,the rookie recruit kisses his girlfriend goodbye,promising,'As soon as I come back,I will marry you.'Or maybe he keeps a photo of that childhood sweetheart in his wallet to show otherswhat’s waiting at home.It’s as bad as someone on Game of Thrones saying,'We’ll talk when I get back.'They’re dead meat,we all know it.展开更多
This will never work in Guangzhou.Thmt's what many people se・cretly thought when the Sofitel Guangzhou Sunrich announced plans to launch a grand epicu・rean extravaganza two years ago.Yet,with its 2015 edition on t...This will never work in Guangzhou.Thmt's what many people se・cretly thought when the Sofitel Guangzhou Sunrich announced plans to launch a grand epicu・rean extravaganza two years ago.Yet,with its 2015 edition on the horizon,the hotel has proved that South China wants-no,not just wants,but craves the kind of delicious,inventive fare that has yet to make its way south on a full-time basis.展开更多
Flag leaf angle(FLANG)is one of the key traits in wheat breeding due to its impact on plant architecture,light interception,and yield potential.An image-based method of measuring FLANG in wheat would reduce the labor ...Flag leaf angle(FLANG)is one of the key traits in wheat breeding due to its impact on plant architecture,light interception,and yield potential.An image-based method of measuring FLANG in wheat would reduce the labor and error of manual measurement of this trait.We describe a method for acquiring in-field FLANG images and a lightweight deep learning model named LeafPoseNet that incorporates a spatial attention mechanism for FLANG estimation.In a test dataset with wheat varieties exhibiting diverse FLANG,LeafPoseNet achieved high accuracy in predicting the FLANG,with a mean absolute error(MAE)of 1.75°,a root mean square error(RMSE)of 2.17°,and a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.998,significantly outperforming established models such as YOLO12x-pose,YOLO11x-pose,HigherHRNet,Lightweight-OpenPose,and LitePose.We performed phenotyping and genome-wide association study to identify the genomic regions associated with FLANG in a panel of 221 diverse bread wheat genotypes,and identified 10 quantitative trait loci.Among them,qFLANG2B.2 was found to harbor a potential causal gene,TraesCS2B01G313700,which may regulate FLANG formation by modulating brassinosteroid levels.This method provides a low-cost,high-accuracy solution for in-field phenotyping of wheat FLANG,facilitating both wheat FLANG genetic studies and ideal plant type breeding.展开更多
The width of rice leaves determines the size of the photosynthetic area.Optimizing rice leaf width can improve the photosynthetic rate,thereby increasing rice yield.In this study,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)w...The width of rice leaves determines the size of the photosynthetic area.Optimizing rice leaf width can improve the photosynthetic rate,thereby increasing rice yield.In this study,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)was conducted by 225 rice germplasm resources to explore the genetic basis of rice flag leaf width(FLW).We identified nine QTLs associated with FLW(qFLWs),with phenotypic contribution rates ranging from 3.17%to 14.37%.Near-isogenic lines(NILs)were developed for fine-mapping of qFLW11,and the function of FLW11 was further verified.We narrowed down q FLW11 to an 87-kb interval,which contains five genes.展开更多
The parameters of fluorescence induction kinetics and the maximal light-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate (P-sat) of the flag leaves of four cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were compared at three di...The parameters of fluorescence induction kinetics and the maximal light-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate (P-sat) of the flag leaves of four cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were compared at three different developing stages for the first time. From the blooming stage to the milky stage, the quantum efficiency of PS II photochemistry (F-v/F-m) declined slightly only at the milk stage. The photochemical quenching co-efficient (qP), actual quantum yield of photosystem II (PS II)electron transport (Phi (PSII)) and P-sat decreased substantially (> 15%), while the non-photochemical quenching co-efficient (qN) increased significantly (> 100%). There existed a linear correlation between the Phi (PSII) and the P-sat (r = 0.918). The results indicate that with the senescence of the flag leaves of winter wheat the photosynthetic efficiency including that of the energy transport and the CO2 assimilation significantly decreased.展开更多
[Objective] To provide scientific basis for high phosphorus efficiency cultivation and regulation of rice. [Method] Changbai9 （CB9） and Jijing81 （JJ81） were used as experimental materials for pot experiment, and f...[Objective] To provide scientific basis for high phosphorus efficiency cultivation and regulation of rice. [Method] Changbai9 （CB9） and Jijing81 （JJ81） were used as experimental materials for pot experiment, and five levels of phosphorus nutrient （ Po - P4 ） were set for each variety, the net photosynthesis rate, Chlorophyll Meter Readings （SPAD Readings）, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and stomatal limitation were observed and compared between five different phosphorus levels at filling stage. [ Result] The net photosynthesis rate of CB9 reached the highest at P3, and was significantly different from other treatments （P 〈0.05）;the net photosynthesis rate of groups with phosphorus of J J81 were higher than that of the control group,and reached the highest at P,. The SPAD Readings of CB9 and JJ81 all achieved the highest at P3, and stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were all at first increased then decreased with the phosphor- us increased in CB9 and JJ81. With the phosphorus increased, intercellular CO2 concentration of CB9 decreased at first and then increased, while in JJ81 the trend was inversed,but the tendency of intercellular CO2 concentration were opposite to that of stomatal limitation in both culti- vars. [ Conclusion] Appropriate adding phosphorus could improve photosynthetic characteristic of rice flag-leaf,but displayed significant genotypic difference.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070530)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0607103)+1 种基金the Qilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Province Management Bureauthe National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China。
文摘Evaluating the habitat suitability of flagship species and its key influencing factors is vital for understanding potential conservation issues and developing coping strategies.We surveyed the wintering population size and distribution of the Black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis)in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin(YZRB)from 10 to 29 January 2022,and predicted the current potentially suitable habitat distribution and its effective factors using the Max Ent model.A total of 9337 wintering Black-necked Cranes were recorded in the YZRB in 2022,76.58%of which were primarily found in Lhunzub,Samzhubze,Namling,and Lhaze.Compared to 2018,the crane population has exhibited a notable decline in Samzhubze and Taktse,likely due to farmland plowing,winter irrigation,changes in agricultural practices,road construction and hydraulic projects.The crane population within various counties exhibited a significant positive correlation with the suitable habitat area(r=0.70,P=0.002,n=17).We also found that the currently suitable habitat area covered 17,204 km~2,of which only 3244 km~2(18.86%)was effectively protected at the national level,which was predominantly distributed in farmland and rangeland habitats characterized by gentle slopes,altitudes not exceeding 4500 m,and proximity to human settlements along rivers,where suitable isothermal values(51)and less seasonal precipitation(20 mm)prevail.Our study will be helpful for formulating reasonable conservation strategies to protect the core population of this threatened highland flagship species.
基金Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(202102080287)。
文摘National flags are very important symbols of countries.They represent the countries’s authority and dignity of a country.However,there are some occasions where the flags were produced incorrectly(or as frauds)but still hung officially without a formal inspection.In this paper,we propose a photogrammetric inspection method for hanging national flags of China,for which only one single image is required to perform the inspection.The proposed method allows automatic estimation of the relative positions and orientation of the pentagrams,so exposure of inappropriate flags can be identified avoided.The method invokes a novel 2D geometric model of a pentagram(five-pointed star)to constrain an adjustment to estimate the camera’s exterior orientation parameters based on a single image of a statically hung flag.Conventional error parameters such as the radial distortion parameters are integrated into the pentagram model to form a calibration process to reduce the 3D reconstruction errors.Once the camera and the distortion parameters are estimated,the relative positions,orientations,and dimensions of all the five pentagrams can be readily computed with independent pentagram fitting so the flag quality can be verified using the national standard.More than 20 different hanging flags were captured to verify the proposed method.The results indicate that the method is flexible and accurate,with an accuracy of 1.1mm for the position/dimension,and 0.2°for the orientation on average.Since the method is based on the proposed geometric model of the pentagram,it can be readily adapted to form another system to verify other countries’national flags containing more than one pentagram.
文摘We’ve all seen the war movies;Before headingoff to battle,the rookie recruit kisses his girlfriend goodbye,promising,'As soon as I come back,I will marry you.'Or maybe he keeps a photo of that childhood sweetheart in his wallet to show otherswhat’s waiting at home.It’s as bad as someone on Game of Thrones saying,'We’ll talk when I get back.'They’re dead meat,we all know it.
文摘This will never work in Guangzhou.Thmt's what many people se・cretly thought when the Sofitel Guangzhou Sunrich announced plans to launch a grand epicu・rean extravaganza two years ago.Yet,with its 2015 edition on the horizon,the hotel has proved that South China wants-no,not just wants,but craves the kind of delicious,inventive fare that has yet to make its way south on a full-time basis.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04076)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1000100)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA0450000).
文摘Flag leaf angle(FLANG)is one of the key traits in wheat breeding due to its impact on plant architecture,light interception,and yield potential.An image-based method of measuring FLANG in wheat would reduce the labor and error of manual measurement of this trait.We describe a method for acquiring in-field FLANG images and a lightweight deep learning model named LeafPoseNet that incorporates a spatial attention mechanism for FLANG estimation.In a test dataset with wheat varieties exhibiting diverse FLANG,LeafPoseNet achieved high accuracy in predicting the FLANG,with a mean absolute error(MAE)of 1.75°,a root mean square error(RMSE)of 2.17°,and a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.998,significantly outperforming established models such as YOLO12x-pose,YOLO11x-pose,HigherHRNet,Lightweight-OpenPose,and LitePose.We performed phenotyping and genome-wide association study to identify the genomic regions associated with FLANG in a panel of 221 diverse bread wheat genotypes,and identified 10 quantitative trait loci.Among them,qFLANG2B.2 was found to harbor a potential causal gene,TraesCS2B01G313700,which may regulate FLANG formation by modulating brassinosteroid levels.This method provides a low-cost,high-accuracy solution for in-field phenotyping of wheat FLANG,facilitating both wheat FLANG genetic studies and ideal plant type breeding.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.LD24C130001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.W2412006 and 32372125)+3 种基金the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant Nos.GHYF2025029 and YBXM2422)the Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province,China(Grant No.YSPTZX202502)the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Project,China(Grant No.CARS-01-18)the Special Support Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant Nos.NKYCLJ-C-2021-015 and CAAS-ZDRW202401)。
文摘The width of rice leaves determines the size of the photosynthetic area.Optimizing rice leaf width can improve the photosynthetic rate,thereby increasing rice yield.In this study,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)was conducted by 225 rice germplasm resources to explore the genetic basis of rice flag leaf width(FLW).We identified nine QTLs associated with FLW(qFLWs),with phenotypic contribution rates ranging from 3.17%to 14.37%.Near-isogenic lines(NILs)were developed for fine-mapping of qFLW11,and the function of FLW11 was further verified.We narrowed down q FLW11 to an 87-kb interval,which contains five genes.
文摘The parameters of fluorescence induction kinetics and the maximal light-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate (P-sat) of the flag leaves of four cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were compared at three different developing stages for the first time. From the blooming stage to the milky stage, the quantum efficiency of PS II photochemistry (F-v/F-m) declined slightly only at the milk stage. The photochemical quenching co-efficient (qP), actual quantum yield of photosystem II (PS II)electron transport (Phi (PSII)) and P-sat decreased substantially (> 15%), while the non-photochemical quenching co-efficient (qN) increased significantly (> 100%). There existed a linear correlation between the Phi (PSII) and the P-sat (r = 0.918). The results indicate that with the senescence of the flag leaves of winter wheat the photosynthetic efficiency including that of the energy transport and the CO2 assimilation significantly decreased.
基金Supported by Key Technique Research on Middle and Low Yield Paddy Field Improvement in Jilin Middle Part(20096026)~~
文摘[Objective] To provide scientific basis for high phosphorus efficiency cultivation and regulation of rice. [Method] Changbai9 （CB9） and Jijing81 （JJ81） were used as experimental materials for pot experiment, and five levels of phosphorus nutrient （ Po - P4 ） were set for each variety, the net photosynthesis rate, Chlorophyll Meter Readings （SPAD Readings）, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and stomatal limitation were observed and compared between five different phosphorus levels at filling stage. [ Result] The net photosynthesis rate of CB9 reached the highest at P3, and was significantly different from other treatments （P 〈0.05）;the net photosynthesis rate of groups with phosphorus of J J81 were higher than that of the control group,and reached the highest at P,. The SPAD Readings of CB9 and JJ81 all achieved the highest at P3, and stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were all at first increased then decreased with the phosphor- us increased in CB9 and JJ81. With the phosphorus increased, intercellular CO2 concentration of CB9 decreased at first and then increased, while in JJ81 the trend was inversed,but the tendency of intercellular CO2 concentration were opposite to that of stomatal limitation in both culti- vars. [ Conclusion] Appropriate adding phosphorus could improve photosynthetic characteristic of rice flag-leaf,but displayed significant genotypic difference.
