Recently,more and more supercapacitors(SCs)have been developed as AC line filter capacitors,which are generally named AC line filter electrochemical capacitors(FECs).Compared to traditional bulky aluminum electrolytic...Recently,more and more supercapacitors(SCs)have been developed as AC line filter capacitors,which are generally named AC line filter electrochemical capacitors(FECs).Compared to traditional bulky aluminum electrolytic capacitors(AECs),FECs have higher capacity and lower space occupancy,which makes them a strong competitor.However,different from the common SCs for energy storage,it is necessary to consider the frequency response of the SCs for AC line filtering,where the contradiction between frequency response and specific capacitance is a challenge.The researchers have proposed different solutions from the perspective of materials,morphology,and configuration for this challenge.Based on the above background,in this review,we briefly introduce the principle and parameters of AC line filter electrochemical capacitors.We systematically summarize the state-of-the-art progresses of FECs and discuss their possible application and development in the future.The development of FECs can greatly promote the planarization,integration,and miniaturization of filter capacitors,and provide a new solution for the utilization of green and unstable energy.展开更多
Two novel switched-capacitor(SC)bandpass filters using a single operational am-plifier(op amp)are presented.Optimal designs for minimizing capacitor spread are also given.Gain-bandwidth product(GB)effects of op amps o...Two novel switched-capacitor(SC)bandpass filters using a single operational am-plifier(op amp)are presented.Optimal designs for minimizing capacitor spread are also given.Gain-bandwidth product(GB)effects of op amps on the proposed SC circuits are taken intoconsideration.Comparisons with the proposed circuits and the circuits given by the literatureshow that the new circuits require less chip area in monolithic integration and are less sensitiveto the GB effects.展开更多
This paper presents a novel method that is applied to realize the Linear Transformation(LT)Switched-Capacitor Filter(SCF).It adopts the Voltage Control Voltage Source(VCVS)equalized transfor-mation to revise the origi...This paper presents a novel method that is applied to realize the Linear Transformation(LT)Switched-Capacitor Filter(SCF).It adopts the Voltage Control Voltage Source(VCVS)equalized transfor-mation to revise the original LC ladder filter and induce it into 16 basic sections and then extend the princi-ple of the LT in order to fit active and 3 port networks and give out switched-capacitor circuits corre-sponding to the 16 basic sections,which can realize all four kinds of filters——LP,HP,BP,BS filters.De-signed examples are given here.An Nth order filter only requires N amplifiers and the circuit is insensitive toparasitic capacitances.The experimental results of a 3rd order elliptic LP and a 6th order elliptic BP are giv-en and agree with the theory.展开更多
This paper proposes third order tunable bandwidth active Switched-Capacitor filter. The circuit consists of only op-amps and switched capacitors. The circuit is designed for circuit merit factor Q = 10. The proposed c...This paper proposes third order tunable bandwidth active Switched-Capacitor filter. The circuit consists of only op-amps and switched capacitors. The circuit is designed for circuit merit factor Q = 10. The proposed circuit implements three filter functions low pass, band pass and high pass simultaneously in single circuit. The filter circuit can be used for both narrow as well as for wide bandwidth. For various values of cut-off frequencies the behaviour of circuit is studied. The circuit works properly only for higher central frequencies, when f0 > 10 kHz.展开更多
In this paper the design and implementation of sixth-order lowpass elliptic switched-capacitor filter( SCF) for interface circuit of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System( MEMS) sensor are presented. This work aims to lower...In this paper the design and implementation of sixth-order lowpass elliptic switched-capacitor filter( SCF) for interface circuit of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System( MEMS) sensor are presented. This work aims to lower total harmonic distortion( THD) without deteriorating other performances. After system design in Simulink,the filter is realized in transistor level and finally fabricated in Central Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation( CSMC) 0.5 μm metal-oxide-semiconductor( CMOS) technology. Typical measured results are: it operates with 25: 1 clock-to-corner frequency ratio and a 10 k Hz maximum corner frequency. The maximum passband ripple is about 0.49 d B and the minimum stopband rejection is 40 d B for the temperature from-20 ℃to 80 ℃. For the 250 k Hz clock frequency setting,given the 1 k Hz,- 8 d BVrms input signal,the measured worst case THD is-64 d B. The active area of the chip is 2.8 mm2 with 8 pads. The analog power dissipation is10 m W from a 5 V power supply.展开更多
This article presents an extensive examination and modeling of Capacitor Coupled Substations (CCS), noting some of their inherent constraints. The underlying implementation of a CCS is to supply electricity directly f...This article presents an extensive examination and modeling of Capacitor Coupled Substations (CCS), noting some of their inherent constraints. The underlying implementation of a CCS is to supply electricity directly from high-voltage (HV) transmission lines to low-voltage (LV) consumers through coupling capacitors and is said to be cost-effective as compared to conventional distribution networks. However, the functionality of such substations is susceptible to various transient phenomena, including ferroresonance and overvoltage occurrences. To address these challenges, the study uses simulations to evaluate the effectiveness of conventional resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) filter in mitigating hazardous overvoltage resulting from transients. The proposed methodology entails using standard RLC filter to suppress transients and its associated overvoltage risks. Through a series of MATLAB/Simulink simulations, the research emphasizes the practical effectiveness of this technique. The study examines the impact of transients under varied operational scenarios, including no-load switching conditions, temporary short-circuits, and load on/off events. The primary aim of the article is to assess the viability of using an established technology to manage system instabilities upon the energization of a CCS under no-load circumstances or in case of a short-circuit fault occurring on the primary side of the CCS distribution transformer. The findings underscore the effectiveness of conventional RLC filters in suppressing transients induced by the CCS no-load switching.展开更多
带脉冲功率负载的直流供电系统现已广泛应用于电动车、舰船及航空等领域。当脉冲负载发生突变时,整流发电机端电压会随之变化,对整个供电系统的稳定性造成负面影响,此时,滤波电容起到了关键作用。直流供电系统中的滤波电容通常采用电解...带脉冲功率负载的直流供电系统现已广泛应用于电动车、舰船及航空等领域。当脉冲负载发生突变时,整流发电机端电压会随之变化,对整个供电系统的稳定性造成负面影响,此时,滤波电容起到了关键作用。直流供电系统中的滤波电容通常采用电解电容。电解电容存在寄生参数等效串联电阻(equivalent series resistance,ESR),会引起输出电压波形畸变及电压大小的变化。为此,该文提出一种考虑滤波电容寄生参数ESR的双三相整流发电机带脉冲负载的瞬时电压计算方法。首先,建立考虑滤波电容寄生参数ESR的带脉冲功率负载的双三相整流发电机等效瞬态数学模型;其次,通过双三相整流发电机瞬态有限元仿真同负载突变实验进行对比,验证所提出的考虑滤波电容寄生参数ESR的双三相整流发电机等效模型负载突变的瞬时电压计算方法的必要性与可行性;最后,分析滤波电容C及其寄生参数ESR对双三相整流发电机直流侧电压的影响。结果表明,建立的等效模型具有较高的准确性,同时,表明考虑滤波电容寄生参数ESR对整流发电机直流测电压的研究对提高整个直流供电系统电能质量具有重要意义。展开更多
Objective For the inverters used in UPS, it is important to maintain the pure sinusoidal AC output voltage waveform over all loading conditions and transients. Methods A novel sinusoidal output voltage control strat...Objective For the inverters used in UPS, it is important to maintain the pure sinusoidal AC output voltage waveform over all loading conditions and transients. Methods A novel sinusoidal output voltage control strategy is pregented in this paper. The output voltage is controlled by introducing filtering eapacitor current feedback. Two simple PI regulators are used for the current and voltage control loops. Results With the new control strategy, the inverter achieves very low output voltage distortion, good output voltage regulation and strong perturbation rejection, fast dynamic response, and good performance under nonlinear loads. The THD under capacitance rectifying load is better than 0.2%, the output voltage regulation within 0 to full load is less than 0.1%. The resting time under load transient is within 200?μ s . Conclusion The merits of the new control strategy include rapid response and good steady state stiffness.展开更多
In order to realize accurate bilinear transformation from s- to z-domain,a novelswitched-capacitor configuration is proposed in the light of principles of dual-rate sampling and chargeconservation,which has also been ...In order to realize accurate bilinear transformation from s- to z-domain,a novelswitched-capacitor configuration is proposed in the light of principles of dual-rate sampling and chargeconservation,which has also been used for building a 5th-order elliptic lowpass filter.The filter issimulated and measured in typical 0.34 μm/3.3 V Si CMOS process models,special full differentialoperational amplifiers and CMOS transfer gate switches,which achieves 80 MHz sampling rate,17.8MHz cutoff frequency,0.052 dB maximum passband ripple,42.1 dB minimum stopband attenuation and74 mW quiescent power dissipation.At the same time,the dual-rate sampling topology breaks thetraditional restrictions of filter introduced by unit-gain bandwidth and slew rate of operational amplifiersand also improves effectively their performances in high-frequency applications.It has been applied forthe design of an anti-alias filter in analog front-end of video decoder IC with 15 MHz signal frequencyyet.展开更多
In conformity with a fifth order RLC elliptic filter circuit prototype, it is easy to conceive the corresponding RC active filter circuit. Simple and feasible method presented here can be used to contrive...In conformity with a fifth order RLC elliptic filter circuit prototype, it is easy to conceive the corresponding RC active filter circuit. Simple and feasible method presented here can be used to contrive the equivalent switched capacitor filter circuit and switched current filter circuit. Consulting the technique data manual, we can expediently design a specific RLC filter. Therefore, it is of great convenience to design the switched current filter, which has the same performances. Such a kind of technology is useful in the domain of analogue sampled data signal processing.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20209)Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2021C01030)+7 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LD19E020001)Open Project of Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education,Zhejiang UniversityNational Key R@D Program of China(2016YFB0100100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872283,22075279,21805273)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1807153)Dalian Innovation Support Plan for High Level Talents(2019RT09)Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy(DNL),CAS,DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(DNL201912 and DNL201915)DICP(DICP ZZBS201708,DICP ZZBS201802,and DICP I2020032).
文摘Recently,more and more supercapacitors(SCs)have been developed as AC line filter capacitors,which are generally named AC line filter electrochemical capacitors(FECs).Compared to traditional bulky aluminum electrolytic capacitors(AECs),FECs have higher capacity and lower space occupancy,which makes them a strong competitor.However,different from the common SCs for energy storage,it is necessary to consider the frequency response of the SCs for AC line filtering,where the contradiction between frequency response and specific capacitance is a challenge.The researchers have proposed different solutions from the perspective of materials,morphology,and configuration for this challenge.Based on the above background,in this review,we briefly introduce the principle and parameters of AC line filter electrochemical capacitors.We systematically summarize the state-of-the-art progresses of FECs and discuss their possible application and development in the future.The development of FECs can greatly promote the planarization,integration,and miniaturization of filter capacitors,and provide a new solution for the utilization of green and unstable energy.
文摘Two novel switched-capacitor(SC)bandpass filters using a single operational am-plifier(op amp)are presented.Optimal designs for minimizing capacitor spread are also given.Gain-bandwidth product(GB)effects of op amps on the proposed SC circuits are taken intoconsideration.Comparisons with the proposed circuits and the circuits given by the literatureshow that the new circuits require less chip area in monolithic integration and are less sensitiveto the GB effects.
文摘This paper presents a novel method that is applied to realize the Linear Transformation(LT)Switched-Capacitor Filter(SCF).It adopts the Voltage Control Voltage Source(VCVS)equalized transfor-mation to revise the original LC ladder filter and induce it into 16 basic sections and then extend the princi-ple of the LT in order to fit active and 3 port networks and give out switched-capacitor circuits corre-sponding to the 16 basic sections,which can realize all four kinds of filters——LP,HP,BP,BS filters.De-signed examples are given here.An Nth order filter only requires N amplifiers and the circuit is insensitive toparasitic capacitances.The experimental results of a 3rd order elliptic LP and a 6th order elliptic BP are giv-en and agree with the theory.
文摘This paper proposes third order tunable bandwidth active Switched-Capacitor filter. The circuit consists of only op-amps and switched capacitors. The circuit is designed for circuit merit factor Q = 10. The proposed circuit implements three filter functions low pass, band pass and high pass simultaneously in single circuit. The filter circuit can be used for both narrow as well as for wide bandwidth. For various values of cut-off frequencies the behaviour of circuit is studied. The circuit works properly only for higher central frequencies, when f0 > 10 kHz.
基金Sponsored by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.HIT.NSRIF.2013040)
文摘In this paper the design and implementation of sixth-order lowpass elliptic switched-capacitor filter( SCF) for interface circuit of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System( MEMS) sensor are presented. This work aims to lower total harmonic distortion( THD) without deteriorating other performances. After system design in Simulink,the filter is realized in transistor level and finally fabricated in Central Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation( CSMC) 0.5 μm metal-oxide-semiconductor( CMOS) technology. Typical measured results are: it operates with 25: 1 clock-to-corner frequency ratio and a 10 k Hz maximum corner frequency. The maximum passband ripple is about 0.49 d B and the minimum stopband rejection is 40 d B for the temperature from-20 ℃to 80 ℃. For the 250 k Hz clock frequency setting,given the 1 k Hz,- 8 d BVrms input signal,the measured worst case THD is-64 d B. The active area of the chip is 2.8 mm2 with 8 pads. The analog power dissipation is10 m W from a 5 V power supply.
文摘This article presents an extensive examination and modeling of Capacitor Coupled Substations (CCS), noting some of their inherent constraints. The underlying implementation of a CCS is to supply electricity directly from high-voltage (HV) transmission lines to low-voltage (LV) consumers through coupling capacitors and is said to be cost-effective as compared to conventional distribution networks. However, the functionality of such substations is susceptible to various transient phenomena, including ferroresonance and overvoltage occurrences. To address these challenges, the study uses simulations to evaluate the effectiveness of conventional resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) filter in mitigating hazardous overvoltage resulting from transients. The proposed methodology entails using standard RLC filter to suppress transients and its associated overvoltage risks. Through a series of MATLAB/Simulink simulations, the research emphasizes the practical effectiveness of this technique. The study examines the impact of transients under varied operational scenarios, including no-load switching conditions, temporary short-circuits, and load on/off events. The primary aim of the article is to assess the viability of using an established technology to manage system instabilities upon the energization of a CCS under no-load circumstances or in case of a short-circuit fault occurring on the primary side of the CCS distribution transformer. The findings underscore the effectiveness of conventional RLC filters in suppressing transients induced by the CCS no-load switching.
文摘带脉冲功率负载的直流供电系统现已广泛应用于电动车、舰船及航空等领域。当脉冲负载发生突变时,整流发电机端电压会随之变化,对整个供电系统的稳定性造成负面影响,此时,滤波电容起到了关键作用。直流供电系统中的滤波电容通常采用电解电容。电解电容存在寄生参数等效串联电阻(equivalent series resistance,ESR),会引起输出电压波形畸变及电压大小的变化。为此,该文提出一种考虑滤波电容寄生参数ESR的双三相整流发电机带脉冲负载的瞬时电压计算方法。首先,建立考虑滤波电容寄生参数ESR的带脉冲功率负载的双三相整流发电机等效瞬态数学模型;其次,通过双三相整流发电机瞬态有限元仿真同负载突变实验进行对比,验证所提出的考虑滤波电容寄生参数ESR的双三相整流发电机等效模型负载突变的瞬时电压计算方法的必要性与可行性;最后,分析滤波电容C及其寄生参数ESR对双三相整流发电机直流侧电压的影响。结果表明,建立的等效模型具有较高的准确性,同时,表明考虑滤波电容寄生参数ESR对整流发电机直流测电压的研究对提高整个直流供电系统电能质量具有重要意义。
文摘Objective For the inverters used in UPS, it is important to maintain the pure sinusoidal AC output voltage waveform over all loading conditions and transients. Methods A novel sinusoidal output voltage control strategy is pregented in this paper. The output voltage is controlled by introducing filtering eapacitor current feedback. Two simple PI regulators are used for the current and voltage control loops. Results With the new control strategy, the inverter achieves very low output voltage distortion, good output voltage regulation and strong perturbation rejection, fast dynamic response, and good performance under nonlinear loads. The THD under capacitance rectifying load is better than 0.2%, the output voltage regulation within 0 to full load is less than 0.1%. The resting time under load transient is within 200?μ s . Conclusion The merits of the new control strategy include rapid response and good steady state stiffness.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation(No. 60072004)and the University Postgraduate Station Foundation of China(No.2000061402)
文摘In order to realize accurate bilinear transformation from s- to z-domain,a novelswitched-capacitor configuration is proposed in the light of principles of dual-rate sampling and chargeconservation,which has also been used for building a 5th-order elliptic lowpass filter.The filter issimulated and measured in typical 0.34 μm/3.3 V Si CMOS process models,special full differentialoperational amplifiers and CMOS transfer gate switches,which achieves 80 MHz sampling rate,17.8MHz cutoff frequency,0.052 dB maximum passband ripple,42.1 dB minimum stopband attenuation and74 mW quiescent power dissipation.At the same time,the dual-rate sampling topology breaks thetraditional restrictions of filter introduced by unit-gain bandwidth and slew rate of operational amplifiersand also improves effectively their performances in high-frequency applications.It has been applied forthe design of an anti-alias filter in analog front-end of video decoder IC with 15 MHz signal frequencyyet.
文摘In conformity with a fifth order RLC elliptic filter circuit prototype, it is easy to conceive the corresponding RC active filter circuit. Simple and feasible method presented here can be used to contrive the equivalent switched capacitor filter circuit and switched current filter circuit. Consulting the technique data manual, we can expediently design a specific RLC filter. Therefore, it is of great convenience to design the switched current filter, which has the same performances. Such a kind of technology is useful in the domain of analogue sampled data signal processing.
