The ever-normal granary system was an official granary management system in ancient China.Throughout its existence,the system functioned as a major means of adjusting the price of grain and provided disaster relief.Fe...The ever-normal granary system was an official granary management system in ancient China.Throughout its existence,the system functioned as a major means of adjusting the price of grain and provided disaster relief.Few studies on the system touches upon the relationship between grain price fluctuation and the development of the grain market,or the ever-normal granary system and its related economic school of thoughts.Starting with the development of the grain market and the relationship between the price of grain and grain reserves,and through a systematic review of the debate on the ever-normal granary system and grain prices among high-level officials of the Qing government in the 13th year of Emperor Qianlong’s reign(1748),this paper analyzes the historical process and reasons for the change in thoughts on the ever-normal granary system and discusses the historical path of how economic phenomenon gave rise to the clash of economic thoughts that influenced the evolution of this economic institution.展开更多
With the further deepening of economic integration, Yunnan food security problems have become increasingly prominent. The construction of highland granary is an effective way to comply with the important strategic pla...With the further deepening of economic integration, Yunnan food security problems have become increasingly prominent. The construction of highland granary is an effective way to comply with the important strategic plan of China and allevi- ate the food security problems in Yunnan. In this paper, SWOT （Strengths Weak- nesses Opportunities Threats） analysis was used to analyze the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and challenges encountered in the construction of Yun- nan plateau granary, and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.展开更多
This study proposes a new model of granary storage weight detection based on the Janssen model to satisfy the strategic requirements of granary storage quantity detection in China. The model theoretically elucidates t...This study proposes a new model of granary storage weight detection based on the Janssen model to satisfy the strategic requirements of granary storage quantity detection in China. The model theoretically elucidates the relationship between granary storage weight and bottom/side pressure. A new layout of pressure sensors along the inner and outer rings is also proposed to obtain the pressure value. The experimental results indicate that the detection error of the proposed model is significantly lower than 1% with respect to the low-cost detection system, and this effectively satisfies the actual requirement for real-time monitoring of granary storage quantity.展开更多
The black soil area in Northeast China serves as a“ballast”to ensure China’s food security.Unreasonable development and utilization lead to serious black soil degradation in some areas and affect regional food prod...The black soil area in Northeast China serves as a“ballast”to ensure China’s food security.Unreasonable development and utilization lead to serious black soil degradation in some areas and affect regional food production and economic and social development.In the context of the intensification of the contradiction between food supply and demand worldwide,we should pay more attention to the overall situation of regional sustainable development and seek for systematic,scientific,and economic solutions.This study establishes a regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary on the basis of the regional system of human–land relationship,customized and accurate management,agricultural system theory,and agricultural informatization with the guidance of integrated geography concept.The aim of this regional all-for-one customization model is to systematically diagnose the key problems and leading factors of black soil degradation and determine a solution that combines the commonness and individuality of black soil protection from the perspective of multiscale linkage,multifactor coupling,and multitechnology cooperation.The regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary integrates the two perspectives of“regional”and“customization”into the protection and comprehensive utilization of black soil for the first time.It adopts zoning,grading,and classification as the main strategy and big data and artificial intelligence as the main technical approaches.This model constructs three strategies of different scales by combining the“satellite–air–ground–network”3D monitoring system and the all-for-one customization platform driven by big data and artificial intelligence.First,the“implementing strategies by regions”are implemented at the regional scale to formulate the regional agricultural resource allocation scheme and agricultural zoning,which can provide strategies to protect and utilize black soil effectively.Second,the“determining strategies in accordance with villages”are implemented at the village scale to formulate a black soil protection and utilization model for different categories of villages,which can promote the organic integration of black soil protection and rural revitalization.Third,a“one strategy for one field”concept is applied at the field scale to provide accurate strategies for soil restoration and yield improvement in a fixed,quantitative,and regular manner.Multiscale integrated demonstration and scheme verification of the regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary are conducted in Qiqihar City at three scales,namely,region,village,and field,to solve the key issues in black soil protection and utilization and form a replicable and popularized system solution,thereby providing a model for the sustainable development of Chinese and global black soil agriculture.The proposed regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary has important theoretical and practical value in promoting the high-quality development of regional agriculture and rural revitalization,and provides a demonstration model of land protection and utilization for the black soil area in China and the whole world.展开更多
The pheromonitoring of pest insects population was carried out in the granary conditions. The results of pheromonitoring let us detect the pest insect’s location at lowest abundance, while visual inspections are not ...The pheromonitoring of pest insects population was carried out in the granary conditions. The results of pheromonitoring let us detect the pest insect’s location at lowest abundance, while visual inspections are not effective, and to determine the data of effective location in granary, proportions traps and pheromone preparative dose. The aggregation pheromone of the synthetic analogue Sitophilus weevils had been carried out, according to the general procedure for preparation of aldol product. Especially for increasing attractiveness of pheromone traps, different types of food baits were tested. The results were observed with using of germinated wheat grains moisten by wheat germ oil. The corn oil was more attractive and effective for attractiveness of whole pest insects in granary. The wheat germ oil and burdock oil was preferred, as food bait, especially for weevils. The special perforated construction of the pheromone trap for pest insects usage has been developed and recommended for storage areas. In a condition of granary, successful testing of pheromone monitoring makes it possible to establish the timing and necessity of quantitative chemical treatments.展开更多
Since its founding in 1949, the new China has attached great importance on issues pertaining to the countryside, agriculture, and farmers, and has been dedicated to promoting agricultural production, improving its gov...Since its founding in 1949, the new China has attached great importance on issues pertaining to the countryside, agriculture, and farmers, and has been dedicated to promoting agricultural production, improving its governance in rural areas, and improving living conditions of rural people. China’s agricultural development has achieved phenomenal historic accomplishments.展开更多
Agriculture forms the backbone of a nation,and food security is essential for social stability and sustainable economic growth.In China,ensuring adequate food production is not only critical for national well-being bu...Agriculture forms the backbone of a nation,and food security is essential for social stability and sustainable economic growth.In China,ensuring adequate food production is not only critical for national well-being but also a strategic priority for maintaining self-sufficiency.To enhance food security,two key approaches are increasing yields from the existing agricultural lands and improving the productivity of low-and medium-yield farmland.One of China’s major underutilized resources is its extensive saline-alkali lands,which,despite historically low productivity due to poor soil conditions and scarce freshwater resources,hold immense potential for boosting grain output.Recognizing this,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),initiated the“Bohai Granary Scientific and Technological Demonstration Project”(Bohai Granary Project for short)in partnership with three provinces and one municipality-Hebei,Shandong,Liaoning,and Tianjin.This project represents a landmark effort to rehabilitate saline-alkali lands and transform them into highly productive grain-producing regions,thereby contributing significantly to China’s food security strategy.In this article,the author revisits the key milestones,technological breakthroughs,and outlook on the future potential of this project.展开更多
文摘The ever-normal granary system was an official granary management system in ancient China.Throughout its existence,the system functioned as a major means of adjusting the price of grain and provided disaster relief.Few studies on the system touches upon the relationship between grain price fluctuation and the development of the grain market,or the ever-normal granary system and its related economic school of thoughts.Starting with the development of the grain market and the relationship between the price of grain and grain reserves,and through a systematic review of the debate on the ever-normal granary system and grain prices among high-level officials of the Qing government in the 13th year of Emperor Qianlong’s reign(1748),this paper analyzes the historical process and reasons for the change in thoughts on the ever-normal granary system and discusses the historical path of how economic phenomenon gave rise to the clash of economic thoughts that influenced the evolution of this economic institution.
基金Supported by the Startup Fund of Yunnan Agricultural University(Accounting no.:A2002291)the Key Discipline Project for Agricultural Insects and Pests Control of Yunnan Agricultural University~~
文摘With the further deepening of economic integration, Yunnan food security problems have become increasingly prominent. The construction of highland granary is an effective way to comply with the important strategic plan of China and allevi- ate the food security problems in Yunnan. In this paper, SWOT （Strengths Weak- nesses Opportunities Threats） analysis was used to analyze the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and challenges encountered in the construction of Yun- nan plateau granary, and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.
基金Supported by Natural Science Project of Henan Provincial Science and Technology Department(172106000013)State Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control,Ministry of Education(KFJJ-2016-102)Grain Information Processing Technology of University Science and Technology Innovation Team in Henan Province(16IRTSTHN026)
文摘This study proposes a new model of granary storage weight detection based on the Janssen model to satisfy the strategic requirements of granary storage quantity detection in China. The model theoretically elucidates the relationship between granary storage weight and bottom/side pressure. A new layout of pressure sensors along the inner and outer rings is also proposed to obtain the pressure value. The experimental results indicate that the detection error of the proposed model is significantly lower than 1% with respect to the low-cost detection system, and this effectively satisfies the actual requirement for real-time monitoring of granary storage quantity.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA28130500。
文摘The black soil area in Northeast China serves as a“ballast”to ensure China’s food security.Unreasonable development and utilization lead to serious black soil degradation in some areas and affect regional food production and economic and social development.In the context of the intensification of the contradiction between food supply and demand worldwide,we should pay more attention to the overall situation of regional sustainable development and seek for systematic,scientific,and economic solutions.This study establishes a regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary on the basis of the regional system of human–land relationship,customized and accurate management,agricultural system theory,and agricultural informatization with the guidance of integrated geography concept.The aim of this regional all-for-one customization model is to systematically diagnose the key problems and leading factors of black soil degradation and determine a solution that combines the commonness and individuality of black soil protection from the perspective of multiscale linkage,multifactor coupling,and multitechnology cooperation.The regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary integrates the two perspectives of“regional”and“customization”into the protection and comprehensive utilization of black soil for the first time.It adopts zoning,grading,and classification as the main strategy and big data and artificial intelligence as the main technical approaches.This model constructs three strategies of different scales by combining the“satellite–air–ground–network”3D monitoring system and the all-for-one customization platform driven by big data and artificial intelligence.First,the“implementing strategies by regions”are implemented at the regional scale to formulate the regional agricultural resource allocation scheme and agricultural zoning,which can provide strategies to protect and utilize black soil effectively.Second,the“determining strategies in accordance with villages”are implemented at the village scale to formulate a black soil protection and utilization model for different categories of villages,which can promote the organic integration of black soil protection and rural revitalization.Third,a“one strategy for one field”concept is applied at the field scale to provide accurate strategies for soil restoration and yield improvement in a fixed,quantitative,and regular manner.Multiscale integrated demonstration and scheme verification of the regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary are conducted in Qiqihar City at three scales,namely,region,village,and field,to solve the key issues in black soil protection and utilization and form a replicable and popularized system solution,thereby providing a model for the sustainable development of Chinese and global black soil agriculture.The proposed regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary has important theoretical and practical value in promoting the high-quality development of regional agriculture and rural revitalization,and provides a demonstration model of land protection and utilization for the black soil area in China and the whole world.
文摘The pheromonitoring of pest insects population was carried out in the granary conditions. The results of pheromonitoring let us detect the pest insect’s location at lowest abundance, while visual inspections are not effective, and to determine the data of effective location in granary, proportions traps and pheromone preparative dose. The aggregation pheromone of the synthetic analogue Sitophilus weevils had been carried out, according to the general procedure for preparation of aldol product. Especially for increasing attractiveness of pheromone traps, different types of food baits were tested. The results were observed with using of germinated wheat grains moisten by wheat germ oil. The corn oil was more attractive and effective for attractiveness of whole pest insects in granary. The wheat germ oil and burdock oil was preferred, as food bait, especially for weevils. The special perforated construction of the pheromone trap for pest insects usage has been developed and recommended for storage areas. In a condition of granary, successful testing of pheromone monitoring makes it possible to establish the timing and necessity of quantitative chemical treatments.
文摘Since its founding in 1949, the new China has attached great importance on issues pertaining to the countryside, agriculture, and farmers, and has been dedicated to promoting agricultural production, improving its governance in rural areas, and improving living conditions of rural people. China’s agricultural development has achieved phenomenal historic accomplishments.
文摘Agriculture forms the backbone of a nation,and food security is essential for social stability and sustainable economic growth.In China,ensuring adequate food production is not only critical for national well-being but also a strategic priority for maintaining self-sufficiency.To enhance food security,two key approaches are increasing yields from the existing agricultural lands and improving the productivity of low-and medium-yield farmland.One of China’s major underutilized resources is its extensive saline-alkali lands,which,despite historically low productivity due to poor soil conditions and scarce freshwater resources,hold immense potential for boosting grain output.Recognizing this,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),initiated the“Bohai Granary Scientific and Technological Demonstration Project”(Bohai Granary Project for short)in partnership with three provinces and one municipality-Hebei,Shandong,Liaoning,and Tianjin.This project represents a landmark effort to rehabilitate saline-alkali lands and transform them into highly productive grain-producing regions,thereby contributing significantly to China’s food security strategy.In this article,the author revisits the key milestones,technological breakthroughs,and outlook on the future potential of this project.
