The aim of this study was to determine the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level and pregnancy outcomes in euthyroid women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injectio...The aim of this study was to determine the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level and pregnancy outcomes in euthyroid women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).A total of 1185 women were enrolled in the retrospective study,and 12 studies with a total of 6624 women were included in the meta-analysis (including the data of the present retrospective study).Participants in the retrospective study were divided into two groups in terms of their serum TSH levels:TSH <2.5 mIU/L group (w=830) and TSH >2.5 mIU/L group (h=355).They were monitored for the status of clinical pregnancy or miscarriage.In the TSH <2.5 mIU/L group,441 (53.1%) women achieved clinical pregnancy,while 48 (5.8%) had early pregnancy loss and 12 (1.4%) had ectopic pregnancy.In the TSH >2.5 mIU/ L group,175 (49.3%) women achieved clinical pregnancy,while 21 (5.9%) had early pregnancy loss and 3 (0.8%) had ectopic pregnancy.No significant differences were observed between the two groups in pregnancy outcomes (P=0.126,P=0.512,P=0.297).The meta-analysis also revealed no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate and the miscarriage rate between women with serum TSH <2.5 mIU/L and those with serum TSH >2.5 mIU/L.In conclusion,high TSH levels (TSH level >2.5 mIU/L) did not affect clinical pregnancy rate or increase miscarriage rate in euthyroid women undergoing IVF/ICSI.展开更多
This current cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between thyroid hormones and peripheral artery disease （PAD） among euthyroid Chinese population aged 40 years and above. Serum free triiodothyronine ...This current cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between thyroid hormones and peripheral artery disease （PAD） among euthyroid Chinese population aged 40 years and above. Serum free triiodothyronine （FT3）, free thyroxin （FT4）, thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）, and thyroid antibodies were measured.展开更多
Thyroid hormones have a specific effect on glucose-induced insulin secretion from the pancreas.We aimed to investigate the association between euthyroid hormones and islet betacell function in general population and n...Thyroid hormones have a specific effect on glucose-induced insulin secretion from the pancreas.We aimed to investigate the association between euthyroid hormones and islet betacell function in general population and non-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.A total of 5089 euthyroid participants(including 4601 general population and 488 non-treated T2DM patients)were identified from a cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of metabolic diseases and risk factors in East China from February 2014 to June 2016.Anthropometric indices,biochemical parameters,and thyroid hormones were measured.Compared with general population,non-treated T2DM patients exhibited higher total thyroxine(TT4)and free thyroxine(FT4)levels but lower ratio of free triiodothyronine(T3):T4(P<0.01).HOMA-βhad prominently negative correlation with FT4 and positive relationship with free T3:T4 in both groups even after adjusting for age,body mass index(BMI)and smoking.When analyzed by quartiles of FT4 or free T3:T4,there were significantly decreased trend of HOMA-β going with the higher FT4 and lower free T3:T4 in both groups.Linear regression analysis showed that FT4 but not FT3 and free T3:T4 was negatively associated with HOMA-β no matter in general population or T2DM patients,which was independent of age,BMI,smoking,hypertension and lipid profiles.FT4 is independently and negatively associated with islet beta-cell function in euthyroid subjects.Thyroid hormone even in reference range could play an important role in the function of pancreatic islets.展开更多
Objective To study whether free triiodothyronine （FT3） within normal range has effects on the presence and severity of coronary ar- tery disease （CAD） in different gender and age groups. Methods A total of 4206 eu...Objective To study whether free triiodothyronine （FT3） within normal range has effects on the presence and severity of coronary ar- tery disease （CAD） in different gender and age groups. Methods A total of 4206 euthyroid patients were consecutively enrolled and di- vided into CAD group （n = 3306） and non-CAD group （n = 900）. All patients underwent coronary angiography （CAG）. Gensini score （GS） was used to determine the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Severe CAD was defined as GS 〉 32 and mild CAD was defined as GS 〈 32. Logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis were conducted to determine the association of FT3 with CAD in patients with different gender and ages. Results Concentration of FT3 was lower in patients with CAD than that in angiography-normal control group （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, concentration of FT3 was lower in severe CAD than that in mild CAD. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and potential confounders, FT3 was negatively correlated with the presence of CAD, but not in the old patients （〉 65 years old）. Mul- tivariable linear regression analysis showed that FT3 was negatively associated with GS in male and young patients with stable CAD, but not in the old patients. Conclusions Low FT3 within normal range was negatively associated with the presence and severity of CAD in young patients, but not in the old ones. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.展开更多
Objectives To evaluate the effect of thyroid hormone therapy with low dose of thyroxin on cardiac function in elderly patients with heart failure and sick euthyroid syndrome.Methods Forty-seven patients(33 males and 1...Objectives To evaluate the effect of thyroid hormone therapy with low dose of thyroxin on cardiac function in elderly patients with heart failure and sick euthyroid syndrome.Methods Forty-seven patients(33 males and 14 females,mean age 85.9+4.6 years,ranging from 80 to 99 years)with chronic heart failure(NYHAⅡ-Ⅳ)and low triiodothyronine(T_(3))state were randomly allocated to the treatment group or control group.The treatment group patients received oral administration of levothyroxine sodium(Euthyrox)25-50mg/d in addition to conventional therapy of heart failure,whereas patients in control group were given conventional therapy only.Serum level of total T_(3)(TT_(3)),free T_(3)(FT_(3)),total thyroxine(TT_(4)),free thyroxine(FT_(4)),and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)were determined.For both groups,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and stroke volume(SV)were assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography before and at 8 weeks after treatment.The changes of these parameters after the treatment were evaluated by adjusting heart rate in the two groups.Results The reduced serum T_(3) level in the treatment group was corrected after thyroid hormone therapy,and these patients had a significant improvement in cardiac function after treatment.By contrast,in the control group only changes of serum TT_(3) and TT_(4) levels and SV and LVEF after treatment were statistically significant.The heart rate-adjusted mean SV and LVEF in both groups were also increased,which was significantly greater in the treatment group than in the control group.Conclusion In the elderly patients with heart failure and sick euthyroid syndrome,addition of thyroxine at a low dosage to the conventional treatment could effectively improve the low T_(3) state and cardiac function independent of changes of heart rate.展开更多
This study investigated whether high-normal thyrotropin（TSH） levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in euthyroid Chinese people≥40 years old.Clinical and metabolic factors were assessed in 2,356 subjects（40...This study investigated whether high-normal thyrotropin（TSH） levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in euthyroid Chinese people≥40 years old.Clinical and metabolic factors were assessed in 2,356 subjects（40-77 years old） with TSH levels in the normal range（0.35-5.00 mU/L）.Using 2.50 mU/L as the cut-off point of TSH level within the normal range,we divided subjects into the high-TSH（2.50-5.00 mU/L;n= 1,064） and low-TSH（0.35-2.50mU/L;n= 1,292） group.The results showed that the mean levels of body mass index（BMI）,total cholesterol（TC）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）,and fasting plasma glucose（FPG） were higher in the high-TSH group and TSH levels were significantly positively con-elated with BMI,LDL-C,TC,and FPG.The prevalence of central obesity,hypertriglyceridemia,low high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）,and high FPG（〉5.60 mmol/L） was significantly higher in females and subjects with high-TSH levels.Metabolic syndrome was also more prevalent in the high-TSH group.People over the age of 40 years with high-normal TSH levels had a 1.2-fold increased risk of metabolic syndrome,compared with those with low-normal TSII levels,after adjusting for age and gender.In conclusion,high normal TSH is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in people ≥40 years old.展开更多
BACKGROUND Both phases of euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS)are associated with worse prognosis in septic shock patients.Although there are still no indications for supplementation therapy,there is no evidence that both pha...BACKGROUND Both phases of euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS)are associated with worse prognosis in septic shock patients.Although there are still no indications for supplementation therapy,there is no evidence that both phases(initial and prolonged)are adaptive or that only prolonged is maladaptive and requires supplementation.AIM To analyze clinical,hemodynamic and laboratory differences in two groups of septic shock patients with ESS.METHODS A total of 47 septic shock patients with ESS were divided according to values of their thyroid hormones into low T3 and low T3T4 groups.The analysis included demographic data,mortality scores,intensive care unit stay,mechanical ventilation length and 28-day survival and laboratory with hemodynamics.RESULTS The Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score(P=0.029),dobutamine(P=0.003)and epinephrine requirement(P=0.000)and the incidence of renal failure and multiple organ failure(MOF)(P=0.000)were significantly higher for the low T3T4.Hypoalbuminemia(P=0.047),neutrophilia(P=0.038),lymphopenia(P=0.013)and lactatemia(P=0.013)were more pronounced on T2 for the low T3T4 group compared to the low T3 group.Diastolic blood pressure at T0(P=0.017)and T1(P=0.007),as well as mean arterial pressure at T0(P=0.037)and T2(P=0.033)was higher for the low T3 group.CONCLUSION The low T3T4 population is associated with higher frequency of renal insufficiency and MOF,with worse laboratory and hemodynamic parameters.These findings suggest potentially maladaptive changes in the chronic phase of septic shock.展开更多
Background: The thyroid status is evaluated by two clinical diagnostic tests which are thyroid ultrasonography and thyroid function tests. The objective of this research is to critically analyze the age and gender bas...Background: The thyroid status is evaluated by two clinical diagnostic tests which are thyroid ultrasonography and thyroid function tests. The objective of this research is to critically analyze the age and gender based variations of thyroid volume and thyroid hormone levels in the hospital based euthyroid subjects. Methodology: A total of 221 euthyroid subjects aged 1 - 86 years were selected to observe the normal thyroid size by ultrasonography at Department of Radiology and the thyroid function test values (FT3, FT4 and TSH) of 2413 euthyroid subjects aged (Results: The best fitted equations with significant correlation coefficients and p Conclusion: The thyroid size first increases and then decreases whereas the thyroxin level first decreases and then increases with aging. Left lobe volume is almost same for both genders and right lobe volume is higher in males. The thyroid size in menarche and menopause periods of females is larger than that of males. Such age- and gender-specific changes recommend the new refer-ence ranges for the normal thyroid functions.展开更多
Purpose:The present work examines the associations of dietary habits,sedentarism,physical activity(PA)levels and sleep habits,with thyroid function in young euthyroid adults.Methods:A total of 105 young euthyroid adul...Purpose:The present work examines the associations of dietary habits,sedentarism,physical activity(PA)levels and sleep habits,with thyroid function in young euthyroid adults.Methods:A total of 105 young euthyroid adults participated in this cross-sectional study.Thyroid function was determined in fasting conditions(>6 h).Dietary habits were measured by a food frequency questionnaire and three non-consecutive 24 h recalls,and different dietary intake and patterns were then estimated.The time spent in sedentary,PA levels and sleep habits were objectively measured using a wrist-worn accelerometer.Results:Energy and carbohydrate intake were positively associated with thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)(β=0.222;R^(2)=0.102;P=0.022 andβ=0.425;R^(2)=0.129;P=0.007,respectively)whereas fat intake was negatively associated with TSH(β=-0.428;R^(2)=0.137;P=0.004).Energy intake was also positively associated with free triiodothyronine(β=0.277;R^(2)=0.137;P=0.004).Further,adherence to the Mediterranean diet was negatively related to TSH and free thyroxine(FT4)(β=-0.221;R^(2)=0.113;P=0.020 andβ=-0.268;R^(2)=0.071;P=0.007,respectively).Vigorous-intensity and overall PA were negatively associated with FT4(β=-0.227;R^(2)=0.052;P=0.022 andβ=-0.204;R^(2)=0.042;P=0.041,respectively).In contrast,no associations were found between sleep parameters and thyroid function.Conclusions:Lifestyle factors such as dietary intake and PA levels seems to be related to thyroid function even in young euthyroid adults.展开更多
Hypothyroidism, defined as thyrotropin (TSH) above and free thyroxine (fT4) serum level below the reference rage, as well as hyperthyroidism, defined as suppressed TSH and elevated thyroid hormones exceeding the upper...Hypothyroidism, defined as thyrotropin (TSH) above and free thyroxine (fT4) serum level below the reference rage, as well as hyperthyroidism, defined as suppressed TSH and elevated thyroid hormones exceeding the upper limit of the reference range, may have major impacts on fertility and pregnancy outcome. Ideally, euthyroidism, defined as TSH and fT4 in the reference range, should be established and preserved during pregnancy prior to gestation. High estrogen levels during pregnancy stimulate the synthesis of maternal thyroxine-binding-globulin (TBG) in the liver, increasing TBG serum concentration by 2 - 3 fold compared to the initial value and affecting thus maternal fT4 serum level. As a consequence, maternal thyroid function adapts by increasing synthesis and secretion of thyroxine. TBG-induced elevation of serum thyroxine either total or free in the absence of hyperthyroidism is defined as euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia. Since TBG concentration declines first after delivery, pregnancy-induced euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia constitutes a physiological metabolic state. Depending on functional capacity, maternal thyroid may exhaust, resulting in hypothyroxinemia, which increases the risk of fetal neurodevelopmental impairment and preterm birth. The study aims to determine whether L-Thyroxine (L-T4) replacement, sustaining pregnancy-induced maternal euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia during the whole pregnancy by keeping fT4 level in the high normal reference range might reduce preterm birth rate. Preterm birth rate of women with singleton gestation and L-T4-induced high normal fT4 level constituting the study group (n = 918) was compared with the preterm birth rate of women with singleton gestation (n = 6414) who completed a questionnaire concerning L-T4 administration during pregnancy. Two groups were formed. In group A we compared the preterm birth rate between women with L-T4-induced high normal fT4 level and a control group without L-T4 administration during pregnancy. In group B we compared the preterm birth rate of women already receiving L-T4 prior to conception, maintaining dosage to keep fT4 level in the high normal reference range during gestation to a control group with L-T4 intake during pregnancy. The preterm birth rates in group A declined by 51% (p = 0.01) and in group B by 87% (p = 0.001) in multiparous women, while in primiparous the preterm birth rate was similar between study and the control group. Sustaining a high normal fT4 level during pregnancy with L-T4 may significantly reduce preterm birth rate in multiparous women.展开更多
To the Editor:Lipoprotein(a)(Lp[a])is a cholesteryl ester-rich lipoprotein exclusively produced in the liver,comprising two major components:a low-density lipoprotein(LDL)-like particle containing apolipoprotein B(apo...To the Editor:Lipoprotein(a)(Lp[a])is a cholesteryl ester-rich lipoprotein exclusively produced in the liver,comprising two major components:a low-density lipoprotein(LDL)-like particle containing apolipoprotein B(apoB)and a glycoprotein apolipoprotein(a)(apo[a])linked to apoB by a disulfide bridge.[1]Both genomic and epidemiological evidence support the strong pathogenic role of elevated serum Lp(a)levels in cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk,independent of well-controlled LDL cholesterol(LDL-C)levels.[1]展开更多
Objective： To investigate the alternations of thyroid hormone in traumatic patients with severe inflammatory response syndrome （SIRS）. Methods： Fifty traumatic patients with severe SIRS were enrolled and divided ...Objective： To investigate the alternations of thyroid hormone in traumatic patients with severe inflammatory response syndrome （SIRS）. Methods： Fifty traumatic patients with severe SIRS were enrolled and divided into two groups according to whether they presented multiorgan dysfunction syndrome （MODS）. Thyroid hormone measurements were taken, including total triiodothyronine （ TT3 ）, total thyroxine （TT4）, free triiodothyronine （FT3）, free thyroxine （ FT4 ） and thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH）. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （ APACHE II ） score was calculated according to clinical data. The outcomes of recovery or deterioration were recorded, as well as the length of time from the onset of SIRS to the time thyroid hormones were measured. Results： Euthyroid sick syndrome （ESS） was presented in 45 cases. TT3 level was negatively correlated with APACHE II score （r = -0.330, P 〈0. 05）, and TT3/TI＇4 value was negatively correlated with the duration of SIRS（ r = -0.316, P〈0.05）. TT3, TT4 and levels in MODS patients were significantly lower than those without MODS （ P 〈 0.05 ）. MODS patients got low TT4 or FT4 level more frequently than those without MODS （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the patients in normal TSH group, the patients with decreased TSH had lower T3, T4, recovery rate and higher APACHE II scores, MODS incidence, but there was no difference between two groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusions： Trauma patients with severe SIRS have high possibility to get ESS, which occurs more frequently and severely in MODS patients. It shows the influences of SIRS on the thyroid axes. With the persistence and aggravation of SIRS, there is a progressive reduction of thyroid hormone.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2018YFC1002103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81601348).
文摘The aim of this study was to determine the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level and pregnancy outcomes in euthyroid women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).A total of 1185 women were enrolled in the retrospective study,and 12 studies with a total of 6624 women were included in the meta-analysis (including the data of the present retrospective study).Participants in the retrospective study were divided into two groups in terms of their serum TSH levels:TSH <2.5 mIU/L group (w=830) and TSH >2.5 mIU/L group (h=355).They were monitored for the status of clinical pregnancy or miscarriage.In the TSH <2.5 mIU/L group,441 (53.1%) women achieved clinical pregnancy,while 48 (5.8%) had early pregnancy loss and 12 (1.4%) had ectopic pregnancy.In the TSH >2.5 mIU/ L group,175 (49.3%) women achieved clinical pregnancy,while 21 (5.9%) had early pregnancy loss and 3 (0.8%) had ectopic pregnancy.No significant differences were observed between the two groups in pregnancy outcomes (P=0.126,P=0.512,P=0.297).The meta-analysis also revealed no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate and the miscarriage rate between women with serum TSH <2.5 mIU/L and those with serum TSH >2.5 mIU/L.In conclusion,high TSH levels (TSH level >2.5 mIU/L) did not affect clinical pregnancy rate or increase miscarriage rate in euthyroid women undergoing IVF/ICSI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81370960 and 81670795)the Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2015BAI12B14,2015BAI12B02,2016YFC0901200,and 2016YFC1305202)
文摘This current cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between thyroid hormones and peripheral artery disease （PAD） among euthyroid Chinese population aged 40 years and above. Serum free triiodothyronine （FT3）, free thyroxin （FT4）, thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）, and thyroid antibodies were measured.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81270885,No.81570726 and No.81600609)Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(2014)+4 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology in China(No.2012CB524906)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.14495810700 and No.16410723200)Three-year Action Plan for Public Health System Construction in Shanghai by Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(2015-2017)Clinical Potential Subject Construction of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(2014),Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau of China(No.20124262)Seed Founding of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.JYZZ032).
文摘Thyroid hormones have a specific effect on glucose-induced insulin secretion from the pancreas.We aimed to investigate the association between euthyroid hormones and islet betacell function in general population and non-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.A total of 5089 euthyroid participants(including 4601 general population and 488 non-treated T2DM patients)were identified from a cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of metabolic diseases and risk factors in East China from February 2014 to June 2016.Anthropometric indices,biochemical parameters,and thyroid hormones were measured.Compared with general population,non-treated T2DM patients exhibited higher total thyroxine(TT4)and free thyroxine(FT4)levels but lower ratio of free triiodothyronine(T3):T4(P<0.01).HOMA-βhad prominently negative correlation with FT4 and positive relationship with free T3:T4 in both groups even after adjusting for age,body mass index(BMI)and smoking.When analyzed by quartiles of FT4 or free T3:T4,there were significantly decreased trend of HOMA-β going with the higher FT4 and lower free T3:T4 in both groups.Linear regression analysis showed that FT4 but not FT3 and free T3:T4 was negatively associated with HOMA-β no matter in general population or T2DM patients,which was independent of age,BMI,smoking,hypertension and lipid profiles.FT4 is independently and negatively associated with islet beta-cell function in euthyroid subjects.Thyroid hormone even in reference range could play an important role in the function of pancreatic islets.
文摘Objective To study whether free triiodothyronine （FT3） within normal range has effects on the presence and severity of coronary ar- tery disease （CAD） in different gender and age groups. Methods A total of 4206 euthyroid patients were consecutively enrolled and di- vided into CAD group （n = 3306） and non-CAD group （n = 900）. All patients underwent coronary angiography （CAG）. Gensini score （GS） was used to determine the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Severe CAD was defined as GS 〉 32 and mild CAD was defined as GS 〈 32. Logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis were conducted to determine the association of FT3 with CAD in patients with different gender and ages. Results Concentration of FT3 was lower in patients with CAD than that in angiography-normal control group （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, concentration of FT3 was lower in severe CAD than that in mild CAD. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and potential confounders, FT3 was negatively correlated with the presence of CAD, but not in the old patients （〉 65 years old）. Mul- tivariable linear regression analysis showed that FT3 was negatively associated with GS in male and young patients with stable CAD, but not in the old patients. Conclusions Low FT3 within normal range was negatively associated with the presence and severity of CAD in young patients, but not in the old ones. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
文摘Objectives To evaluate the effect of thyroid hormone therapy with low dose of thyroxin on cardiac function in elderly patients with heart failure and sick euthyroid syndrome.Methods Forty-seven patients(33 males and 14 females,mean age 85.9+4.6 years,ranging from 80 to 99 years)with chronic heart failure(NYHAⅡ-Ⅳ)and low triiodothyronine(T_(3))state were randomly allocated to the treatment group or control group.The treatment group patients received oral administration of levothyroxine sodium(Euthyrox)25-50mg/d in addition to conventional therapy of heart failure,whereas patients in control group were given conventional therapy only.Serum level of total T_(3)(TT_(3)),free T_(3)(FT_(3)),total thyroxine(TT_(4)),free thyroxine(FT_(4)),and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)were determined.For both groups,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and stroke volume(SV)were assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography before and at 8 weeks after treatment.The changes of these parameters after the treatment were evaluated by adjusting heart rate in the two groups.Results The reduced serum T_(3) level in the treatment group was corrected after thyroid hormone therapy,and these patients had a significant improvement in cardiac function after treatment.By contrast,in the control group only changes of serum TT_(3) and TT_(4) levels and SV and LVEF after treatment were statistically significant.The heart rate-adjusted mean SV and LVEF in both groups were also increased,which was significantly greater in the treatment group than in the control group.Conclusion In the elderly patients with heart failure and sick euthyroid syndrome,addition of thyroxine at a low dosage to the conventional treatment could effectively improve the low T_(3) state and cardiac function independent of changes of heart rate.
基金supported by the grants from the Chinese Society of Endocrinology and National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases(81170726)
文摘This study investigated whether high-normal thyrotropin（TSH） levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in euthyroid Chinese people≥40 years old.Clinical and metabolic factors were assessed in 2,356 subjects（40-77 years old） with TSH levels in the normal range（0.35-5.00 mU/L）.Using 2.50 mU/L as the cut-off point of TSH level within the normal range,we divided subjects into the high-TSH（2.50-5.00 mU/L;n= 1,064） and low-TSH（0.35-2.50mU/L;n= 1,292） group.The results showed that the mean levels of body mass index（BMI）,total cholesterol（TC）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）,and fasting plasma glucose（FPG） were higher in the high-TSH group and TSH levels were significantly positively con-elated with BMI,LDL-C,TC,and FPG.The prevalence of central obesity,hypertriglyceridemia,low high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）,and high FPG（〉5.60 mmol/L） was significantly higher in females and subjects with high-TSH levels.Metabolic syndrome was also more prevalent in the high-TSH group.People over the age of 40 years with high-normal TSH levels had a 1.2-fold increased risk of metabolic syndrome,compared with those with low-normal TSII levels,after adjusting for age and gender.In conclusion,high normal TSH is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in people ≥40 years old.
基金approved by the Institutional Review Board(IRB)of Cantonal Hospital Zenica,and the protocols used in the study were approved by the Ethical Committee of Cantonal Hospital Zenica(00-03-35-38-14/22).
文摘BACKGROUND Both phases of euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS)are associated with worse prognosis in septic shock patients.Although there are still no indications for supplementation therapy,there is no evidence that both phases(initial and prolonged)are adaptive or that only prolonged is maladaptive and requires supplementation.AIM To analyze clinical,hemodynamic and laboratory differences in two groups of septic shock patients with ESS.METHODS A total of 47 septic shock patients with ESS were divided according to values of their thyroid hormones into low T3 and low T3T4 groups.The analysis included demographic data,mortality scores,intensive care unit stay,mechanical ventilation length and 28-day survival and laboratory with hemodynamics.RESULTS The Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score(P=0.029),dobutamine(P=0.003)and epinephrine requirement(P=0.000)and the incidence of renal failure and multiple organ failure(MOF)(P=0.000)were significantly higher for the low T3T4.Hypoalbuminemia(P=0.047),neutrophilia(P=0.038),lymphopenia(P=0.013)and lactatemia(P=0.013)were more pronounced on T2 for the low T3T4 group compared to the low T3 group.Diastolic blood pressure at T0(P=0.017)and T1(P=0.007),as well as mean arterial pressure at T0(P=0.037)and T2(P=0.033)was higher for the low T3 group.CONCLUSION The low T3T4 population is associated with higher frequency of renal insufficiency and MOF,with worse laboratory and hemodynamic parameters.These findings suggest potentially maladaptive changes in the chronic phase of septic shock.
文摘Background: The thyroid status is evaluated by two clinical diagnostic tests which are thyroid ultrasonography and thyroid function tests. The objective of this research is to critically analyze the age and gender based variations of thyroid volume and thyroid hormone levels in the hospital based euthyroid subjects. Methodology: A total of 221 euthyroid subjects aged 1 - 86 years were selected to observe the normal thyroid size by ultrasonography at Department of Radiology and the thyroid function test values (FT3, FT4 and TSH) of 2413 euthyroid subjects aged (Results: The best fitted equations with significant correlation coefficients and p Conclusion: The thyroid size first increases and then decreases whereas the thyroxin level first decreases and then increases with aging. Left lobe volume is almost same for both genders and right lobe volume is higher in males. The thyroid size in menarche and menopause periods of females is larger than that of males. Such age- and gender-specific changes recommend the new refer-ence ranges for the normal thyroid functions.
基金funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness via the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud CarlosⅢ(PI13/01393)by the Retos de la Sociedad program(DEP2016-79512-R)+7 种基金European Regional Development Funds(ERDF)the Spanish Ministry of Education(FPU13/04365 and FPU19/01609)the Fundación Iberoamericana de Nutrición(FINUT)the Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa RETIC(Red SAMID RD16/0022)the Astra Zeneca Health Care Foundationthe University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigación 2016-Excellence actions:Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health(UCEES)-and Plan Propio de Investigación 2018-the Programa Contratos-Puente and Contratos Perfeccionamiento de Doctoresthe Junta de Andalucía,Consejería de Conocimiento,Investigacióny Universidades(ERDF,ref.SOMM17/6107/UGR)the Fundación Alfonso Martín Escudero(grant awarded to GSD)。
文摘Purpose:The present work examines the associations of dietary habits,sedentarism,physical activity(PA)levels and sleep habits,with thyroid function in young euthyroid adults.Methods:A total of 105 young euthyroid adults participated in this cross-sectional study.Thyroid function was determined in fasting conditions(>6 h).Dietary habits were measured by a food frequency questionnaire and three non-consecutive 24 h recalls,and different dietary intake and patterns were then estimated.The time spent in sedentary,PA levels and sleep habits were objectively measured using a wrist-worn accelerometer.Results:Energy and carbohydrate intake were positively associated with thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)(β=0.222;R^(2)=0.102;P=0.022 andβ=0.425;R^(2)=0.129;P=0.007,respectively)whereas fat intake was negatively associated with TSH(β=-0.428;R^(2)=0.137;P=0.004).Energy intake was also positively associated with free triiodothyronine(β=0.277;R^(2)=0.137;P=0.004).Further,adherence to the Mediterranean diet was negatively related to TSH and free thyroxine(FT4)(β=-0.221;R^(2)=0.113;P=0.020 andβ=-0.268;R^(2)=0.071;P=0.007,respectively).Vigorous-intensity and overall PA were negatively associated with FT4(β=-0.227;R^(2)=0.052;P=0.022 andβ=-0.204;R^(2)=0.042;P=0.041,respectively).In contrast,no associations were found between sleep parameters and thyroid function.Conclusions:Lifestyle factors such as dietary intake and PA levels seems to be related to thyroid function even in young euthyroid adults.
文摘Hypothyroidism, defined as thyrotropin (TSH) above and free thyroxine (fT4) serum level below the reference rage, as well as hyperthyroidism, defined as suppressed TSH and elevated thyroid hormones exceeding the upper limit of the reference range, may have major impacts on fertility and pregnancy outcome. Ideally, euthyroidism, defined as TSH and fT4 in the reference range, should be established and preserved during pregnancy prior to gestation. High estrogen levels during pregnancy stimulate the synthesis of maternal thyroxine-binding-globulin (TBG) in the liver, increasing TBG serum concentration by 2 - 3 fold compared to the initial value and affecting thus maternal fT4 serum level. As a consequence, maternal thyroid function adapts by increasing synthesis and secretion of thyroxine. TBG-induced elevation of serum thyroxine either total or free in the absence of hyperthyroidism is defined as euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia. Since TBG concentration declines first after delivery, pregnancy-induced euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia constitutes a physiological metabolic state. Depending on functional capacity, maternal thyroid may exhaust, resulting in hypothyroxinemia, which increases the risk of fetal neurodevelopmental impairment and preterm birth. The study aims to determine whether L-Thyroxine (L-T4) replacement, sustaining pregnancy-induced maternal euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia during the whole pregnancy by keeping fT4 level in the high normal reference range might reduce preterm birth rate. Preterm birth rate of women with singleton gestation and L-T4-induced high normal fT4 level constituting the study group (n = 918) was compared with the preterm birth rate of women with singleton gestation (n = 6414) who completed a questionnaire concerning L-T4 administration during pregnancy. Two groups were formed. In group A we compared the preterm birth rate between women with L-T4-induced high normal fT4 level and a control group without L-T4 administration during pregnancy. In group B we compared the preterm birth rate of women already receiving L-T4 prior to conception, maintaining dosage to keep fT4 level in the high normal reference range during gestation to a control group with L-T4 intake during pregnancy. The preterm birth rates in group A declined by 51% (p = 0.01) and in group B by 87% (p = 0.001) in multiparous women, while in primiparous the preterm birth rate was similar between study and the control group. Sustaining a high normal fT4 level during pregnancy with L-T4 may significantly reduce preterm birth rate in multiparous women.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82200938)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA0806400)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7252054).
文摘To the Editor:Lipoprotein(a)(Lp[a])is a cholesteryl ester-rich lipoprotein exclusively produced in the liver,comprising two major components:a low-density lipoprotein(LDL)-like particle containing apolipoprotein B(apoB)and a glycoprotein apolipoprotein(a)(apo[a])linked to apoB by a disulfide bridge.[1]Both genomic and epidemiological evidence support the strong pathogenic role of elevated serum Lp(a)levels in cardiovascular disease(CVD)risk,independent of well-controlled LDL cholesterol(LDL-C)levels.[1]
文摘Objective： To investigate the alternations of thyroid hormone in traumatic patients with severe inflammatory response syndrome （SIRS）. Methods： Fifty traumatic patients with severe SIRS were enrolled and divided into two groups according to whether they presented multiorgan dysfunction syndrome （MODS）. Thyroid hormone measurements were taken, including total triiodothyronine （ TT3 ）, total thyroxine （TT4）, free triiodothyronine （FT3）, free thyroxine （ FT4 ） and thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH）. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （ APACHE II ） score was calculated according to clinical data. The outcomes of recovery or deterioration were recorded, as well as the length of time from the onset of SIRS to the time thyroid hormones were measured. Results： Euthyroid sick syndrome （ESS） was presented in 45 cases. TT3 level was negatively correlated with APACHE II score （r = -0.330, P 〈0. 05）, and TT3/TI＇4 value was negatively correlated with the duration of SIRS（ r = -0.316, P〈0.05）. TT3, TT4 and levels in MODS patients were significantly lower than those without MODS （ P 〈 0.05 ）. MODS patients got low TT4 or FT4 level more frequently than those without MODS （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the patients in normal TSH group, the patients with decreased TSH had lower T3, T4, recovery rate and higher APACHE II scores, MODS incidence, but there was no difference between two groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusions： Trauma patients with severe SIRS have high possibility to get ESS, which occurs more frequently and severely in MODS patients. It shows the influences of SIRS on the thyroid axes. With the persistence and aggravation of SIRS, there is a progressive reduction of thyroid hormone.
