Target occlusion poses a significant challenge in computer vision,particularly in agricultural applications,where occlusion of crops can obscure key features and impair the model’s recognition performance.To address ...Target occlusion poses a significant challenge in computer vision,particularly in agricultural applications,where occlusion of crops can obscure key features and impair the model’s recognition performance.To address this challenge,a mushroom recognition method was proposed based on an erase module integrated into the EL-DenseNet model.EL-DenseNet,an extension of DenseNet,incorporated an erase attention module designed to enhance sensitivity to visible features.The erase module helped eliminate complex backgrounds and irrelevant information,allowing the mushroom body to be preserved and increasing recognition accuracy in cluttered environments.Considering the difficulty in distinguishing similar mushroom species,label smoothing regularization was employed to mitigate mislabeling errors that commonly arose from human observers.This strategy converted hard labels into soft labels during training,reducing the model’s overreliance on noisy labels and improving its generalization ability.Experimental results showed that the proposed EL-DenseNet,when combined with transfer learning,achieved a recognition accuracy of 96.7%for mushrooms in occluded and complex backgrounds.Compared with the original DenseNet and other classic models,this approach demonstrated superior accuracy and robustness,providing a promising solution for intelligent mushroom recognition.展开更多
Integrating construction and reconstruction of highly conductive structures into one process is of great interest in developing and manufacturing of electronics,but it is quite challenging because these two involve co...Integrating construction and reconstruction of highly conductive structures into one process is of great interest in developing and manufacturing of electronics,but it is quite challenging because these two involve contradictive additive and subtractive processes.In this work,we report an all-laser mask-less processing technology that integrates manufacturing,modifying,and restoring of highly conductive Cu structures.By traveling a focused laser,the Cu patterns can be fabricated on the flexible substrate,while these as-written patterns can be selectively erased by changing the laser to a defocused state.Subsequently,the fresh patterns with identical conductivity and stability can be rewritten by repeating the writing step.Further,this erasing–rewriting process is also capable of repairing failure patterns,such as oxidation and cracking.Owing to the high controllability of this writing–erasing–rewriting process and its excellent reproducibility for conductive structures,it opens a new avenue for rapid healing and prototyping of electronics.展开更多
CAI Ling, 41, can now speak openly about her life. But a decade ago, the woman with HIV was always guarded and kept her status firmly under wraps.＂I can sense a gradua ook at me and my son,＂ change in how people sai...CAI Ling, 41, can now speak openly about her life. But a decade ago, the woman with HIV was always guarded and kept her status firmly under wraps.＂I can sense a gradua ook at me and my son,＂ change in how people said the Beijing shopping mall cleaner, ＂But 10 years ago, or even five, I would rather have died than let people around me know I was HIV positive.＂展开更多
2024年7月,加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)协会在JAMA Surgery上发布了首部针对新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)外科患儿的《新生儿围手术期管理指南》[1]。然而多数接受手术的新生儿病情...2024年7月,加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)协会在JAMA Surgery上发布了首部针对新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)外科患儿的《新生儿围手术期管理指南》[1]。然而多数接受手术的新生儿病情相对稳定,并不入住NICU。因此,有必要制定一部针对普通新生儿围手术期的ERAS指导意见来规范临床实践,减轻患儿围手术期创伤应激,减少并发症发生,促进患儿康复。中华医学会小儿外科学分会新生儿外科学组成立共识制定委员会,成员包括新生儿外科、麻醉、营养、护理、感染管理和循证医学等多学科专家。患儿人群定义为接受非心脏手术的新生儿(生后28 d内)。经多轮讨论,共确定10个主题,形成21条推荐意见。本共识循证医学证据的质量分为4个等级(表1)[2]。展开更多
The problem of art forgery and infringement is becoming increasingly prominent,since diverse self-media contents with all kinds of art pieces are released on the Internet every day.For art paintings,object detection a...The problem of art forgery and infringement is becoming increasingly prominent,since diverse self-media contents with all kinds of art pieces are released on the Internet every day.For art paintings,object detection and localization provide an efficient and ef-fective means of art authentication and copyright protection.However,the acquisition of a precise detector requires large amounts of ex-pensive pixel-level annotations.To alleviate this,we propose a novel weakly supervised object localization(WSOL)with background su-perposition erasing(BSE),which recognizes objects with inexpensive image-level labels.First,integrated adversarial erasing(IAE)for vanilla convolutional neural network(CNN)dropouts the most discriminative region by leveraging high-level semantic information.Second,a background suppression module(BSM)limits the activation area of the IAE to the object region through a self-guidance mechanism.Finally,in the inference phase,we utilize the refined importance map(RIM)of middle features to obtain class-agnostic loc-alization results.Extensive experiments are conducted on paintings,CUB-200-2011 and ILSVRC to validate the effectiveness of our BSE.展开更多
随着微创技术在妇科领域的广泛应用,腔镜手术已成为妇科良性肿瘤治疗的重要方式之一。然而,传统护理模式在术前准备、术中管理及术后恢复方面仍存在一定局限,难以满足患者快速康复的需求。快速康复护理路径(Enhanced Recovery After Sur...随着微创技术在妇科领域的广泛应用,腔镜手术已成为妇科良性肿瘤治疗的重要方式之一。然而,传统护理模式在术前准备、术中管理及术后恢复方面仍存在一定局限,难以满足患者快速康复的需求。快速康复护理路径(Enhanced Recovery After Surgery,ERAS)以循证医学为基础,通过对手术全过程进行科学化优化,减少机体应激反应,促进术后早期活动和功能恢复。本文以妇科良性肿瘤腔镜手术患者为研究对象,从快速康复护理路径的具体措施入手,探讨其在舒缓术后疼痛、改善肠道功能、减少并发症、缩短住院时间及提升患者身心康复方面的实际效果。研究发现,该护理路径能显著提高患者术后恢复质量,促进生活自理能力和总体满意度的提升,为妇科微创手术患者护理方案的优化提供了重要参考依据。展开更多
We found the qualitative study by Xu et al.on how patients feel about laparoscopic incisions under enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols to be very interesting.1 Xu et al.carried out a qualitative study on pa...We found the qualitative study by Xu et al.on how patients feel about laparoscopic incisions under enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols to be very interesting.1 Xu et al.carried out a qualitative study on patient experience with laparoscopic incisions under an ERAS protocol to highlight the problem of psychosocial and aesthetic concerns,which are often overlooked when planning surgical operations.This study,which involved semistructured interviews with sixteen people,aimed to narrow perioperative education and the decision-making process for incision site selection,thus making the processes more focused on patient priorities.The study is based on a timely but under-researched subject area;however,it is possible to outline four possible areas of improvement that would allow the study to be more transparent and,at the same time,more applicable to clinical practice.展开更多
地氟醚(desflurane)自1990年初应用于临床后,凭借其独特的药代动力学特性与临床应用优势,成为现代吸入麻醉的重要组成部分。经过10多年的临床应用与实践,人们对地氟醚理化特性的认识也越来越清晰[1-2]。特别是近年来,随着加速术后康复(e...地氟醚(desflurane)自1990年初应用于临床后,凭借其独特的药代动力学特性与临床应用优势,成为现代吸入麻醉的重要组成部分。经过10多年的临床应用与实践,人们对地氟醚理化特性的认识也越来越清晰[1-2]。特别是近年来,随着加速术后康复(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念的普及和日间手术的发展,地氟醚的临床价值愈发凸显。展开更多
文摘Target occlusion poses a significant challenge in computer vision,particularly in agricultural applications,where occlusion of crops can obscure key features and impair the model’s recognition performance.To address this challenge,a mushroom recognition method was proposed based on an erase module integrated into the EL-DenseNet model.EL-DenseNet,an extension of DenseNet,incorporated an erase attention module designed to enhance sensitivity to visible features.The erase module helped eliminate complex backgrounds and irrelevant information,allowing the mushroom body to be preserved and increasing recognition accuracy in cluttered environments.Considering the difficulty in distinguishing similar mushroom species,label smoothing regularization was employed to mitigate mislabeling errors that commonly arose from human observers.This strategy converted hard labels into soft labels during training,reducing the model’s overreliance on noisy labels and improving its generalization ability.Experimental results showed that the proposed EL-DenseNet,when combined with transfer learning,achieved a recognition accuracy of 96.7%for mushrooms in occluded and complex backgrounds.Compared with the original DenseNet and other classic models,this approach demonstrated superior accuracy and robustness,providing a promising solution for intelligent mushroom recognition.
基金The authors acknowledge financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB1104900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51975033)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(3192020)P.P.acknowledges support from NSERC discovery grant.X.Z.thanks Z.H.(College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Northwest University)for his support on XPS testing and analyzing.
文摘Integrating construction and reconstruction of highly conductive structures into one process is of great interest in developing and manufacturing of electronics,but it is quite challenging because these two involve contradictive additive and subtractive processes.In this work,we report an all-laser mask-less processing technology that integrates manufacturing,modifying,and restoring of highly conductive Cu structures.By traveling a focused laser,the Cu patterns can be fabricated on the flexible substrate,while these as-written patterns can be selectively erased by changing the laser to a defocused state.Subsequently,the fresh patterns with identical conductivity and stability can be rewritten by repeating the writing step.Further,this erasing–rewriting process is also capable of repairing failure patterns,such as oxidation and cracking.Owing to the high controllability of this writing–erasing–rewriting process and its excellent reproducibility for conductive structures,it opens a new avenue for rapid healing and prototyping of electronics.
文摘CAI Ling, 41, can now speak openly about her life. But a decade ago, the woman with HIV was always guarded and kept her status firmly under wraps.＂I can sense a gradua ook at me and my son,＂ change in how people said the Beijing shopping mall cleaner, ＂But 10 years ago, or even five, I would rather have died than let people around me know I was HIV positive.＂
文摘2024年7月,加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)协会在JAMA Surgery上发布了首部针对新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)外科患儿的《新生儿围手术期管理指南》[1]。然而多数接受手术的新生儿病情相对稳定,并不入住NICU。因此,有必要制定一部针对普通新生儿围手术期的ERAS指导意见来规范临床实践,减轻患儿围手术期创伤应激,减少并发症发生,促进患儿康复。中华医学会小儿外科学分会新生儿外科学组成立共识制定委员会,成员包括新生儿外科、麻醉、营养、护理、感染管理和循证医学等多学科专家。患儿人群定义为接受非心脏手术的新生儿(生后28 d内)。经多轮讨论,共确定10个主题,形成21条推荐意见。本共识循证医学证据的质量分为4个等级(表1)[2]。
基金This work was supported in part by Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application,China(No.2022B1212010011).
文摘The problem of art forgery and infringement is becoming increasingly prominent,since diverse self-media contents with all kinds of art pieces are released on the Internet every day.For art paintings,object detection and localization provide an efficient and ef-fective means of art authentication and copyright protection.However,the acquisition of a precise detector requires large amounts of ex-pensive pixel-level annotations.To alleviate this,we propose a novel weakly supervised object localization(WSOL)with background su-perposition erasing(BSE),which recognizes objects with inexpensive image-level labels.First,integrated adversarial erasing(IAE)for vanilla convolutional neural network(CNN)dropouts the most discriminative region by leveraging high-level semantic information.Second,a background suppression module(BSM)limits the activation area of the IAE to the object region through a self-guidance mechanism.Finally,in the inference phase,we utilize the refined importance map(RIM)of middle features to obtain class-agnostic loc-alization results.Extensive experiments are conducted on paintings,CUB-200-2011 and ILSVRC to validate the effectiveness of our BSE.
文摘随着微创技术在妇科领域的广泛应用,腔镜手术已成为妇科良性肿瘤治疗的重要方式之一。然而,传统护理模式在术前准备、术中管理及术后恢复方面仍存在一定局限,难以满足患者快速康复的需求。快速康复护理路径(Enhanced Recovery After Surgery,ERAS)以循证医学为基础,通过对手术全过程进行科学化优化,减少机体应激反应,促进术后早期活动和功能恢复。本文以妇科良性肿瘤腔镜手术患者为研究对象,从快速康复护理路径的具体措施入手,探讨其在舒缓术后疼痛、改善肠道功能、减少并发症、缩短住院时间及提升患者身心康复方面的实际效果。研究发现,该护理路径能显著提高患者术后恢复质量,促进生活自理能力和总体满意度的提升,为妇科微创手术患者护理方案的优化提供了重要参考依据。
文摘We found the qualitative study by Xu et al.on how patients feel about laparoscopic incisions under enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols to be very interesting.1 Xu et al.carried out a qualitative study on patient experience with laparoscopic incisions under an ERAS protocol to highlight the problem of psychosocial and aesthetic concerns,which are often overlooked when planning surgical operations.This study,which involved semistructured interviews with sixteen people,aimed to narrow perioperative education and the decision-making process for incision site selection,thus making the processes more focused on patient priorities.The study is based on a timely but under-researched subject area;however,it is possible to outline four possible areas of improvement that would allow the study to be more transparent and,at the same time,more applicable to clinical practice.
文摘地氟醚(desflurane)自1990年初应用于临床后,凭借其独特的药代动力学特性与临床应用优势,成为现代吸入麻醉的重要组成部分。经过10多年的临床应用与实践,人们对地氟醚理化特性的认识也越来越清晰[1-2]。特别是近年来,随着加速术后康复(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念的普及和日间手术的发展,地氟醚的临床价值愈发凸显。
