Interdisciplinary studies and cooperations are necessary for practical work as well as studies in geodesy. Responsibility is a function of power, impact and knowledge. The more strategically central one’s position is...Interdisciplinary studies and cooperations are necessary for practical work as well as studies in geodesy. Responsibility is a function of power, impact and knowledge. The more strategically central one’s position is in terms of power, influence and knowledge, the higher one’s responsibility is. This is an idea which can be worked out in more detail by using interdisciplinary approaches and distributive models on different levels. Social traps, Prisoners’ Dilemma situations, etc, as pertaining to land, soil, and environment as well as some examples from geodesics and the study of the usage of nature systems like lakes and flood plain areas are discussed regarding responsibility and distribution problems.“Naturalists’ Dilemmas”(or “Enjoyers’ Dilemmas”) are sketched and potentially solved by proposing a viable distribution strategy.展开更多
Responsibility is a function of power, impact and knowledge. The more strategically central one’s position is in terms of power, influence and knowledge, the higher his or her responsibility would be. This is an idea...Responsibility is a function of power, impact and knowledge. The more strategically central one’s position is in terms of power, influence and knowledge, the higher his or her responsibility would be. This is an idea which can be worked out in more detail by using distributive models of graph theory and predistribution assignments of rights and duties according to different levels.展开更多
The issue of bycatch in the fisheries sector has been a major concern for the marine biologists over few decades in terms of conservation of marine eco-system and sustainability of the fisheries sector and marine biod...The issue of bycatch in the fisheries sector has been a major concern for the marine biologists over few decades in terms of conservation of marine eco-system and sustainability of the fisheries sector and marine biodiversity.As far as the concept of Bycatch is concerned,these are the unwanted species having less commercial importance,which in most of the cases disposed into the seas onboard or are caught during fishing.The article discusses the social,economic,cultural,and environmental impacts in addressing the issue of bycatch.The concern regarding bycatch is relatively new in the horizon in Indian perspective though it is often considered a major issue faced by developed nations since long.The problem of bycatch poses a serious threat to livelihoods and food security as it acts as a precursor to depletion of the food sources for local consumption with adverse social,economic,cultural,and environmental impacts.The adverse effects of by-catch can be mitigated through commercialisation of bycatch and making profits from the sale of bycatch,opening up of new markets for bycatch species or products,uses of bycatch as fishmeal and application of bycatch reduction devices(BRDs).Reorientation of the present monitoring system to collect fisheries data,strengthening technical know-how,bringing effective policy intervention,efficient co-management,and sincere and honest efforts in reducing bycatch and discards may provide a considerable impact towards sustainability of marine eco-system.展开更多
Software-defined networking(SDN),a new networking paradigm decoupling the software control logic from the data forwarding hardware,promises to enable simpler management,more flexible resource usage and faster deployme...Software-defined networking(SDN),a new networking paradigm decoupling the software control logic from the data forwarding hardware,promises to enable simpler management,more flexible resource usage and faster deployment of network services.It opens network functionality,application programmability,and control-to-data communication interfaces that used to be closed in conventional network devices,offering endless opportunities but also challenges for both existing players and newcomers in the market.Through a comprehensive and comparative exploratory of SDN state-of-theart techniques,standardization activities and realistic applications,this article unveils historic and technical insights into the innovations that SDN offers toward an emerging open network eco-system.We closely examine the critical challenges and opportunities when the networking industry is reshaped by SDN.We further shed light on future development directions of SDN in broad application scenarios,ranging from cloud datacenters,network operating systems,and advanced wireless networking.展开更多
文摘Interdisciplinary studies and cooperations are necessary for practical work as well as studies in geodesy. Responsibility is a function of power, impact and knowledge. The more strategically central one’s position is in terms of power, influence and knowledge, the higher one’s responsibility is. This is an idea which can be worked out in more detail by using interdisciplinary approaches and distributive models on different levels. Social traps, Prisoners’ Dilemma situations, etc, as pertaining to land, soil, and environment as well as some examples from geodesics and the study of the usage of nature systems like lakes and flood plain areas are discussed regarding responsibility and distribution problems.“Naturalists’ Dilemmas”(or “Enjoyers’ Dilemmas”) are sketched and potentially solved by proposing a viable distribution strategy.
文摘Responsibility is a function of power, impact and knowledge. The more strategically central one’s position is in terms of power, influence and knowledge, the higher his or her responsibility would be. This is an idea which can be worked out in more detail by using distributive models of graph theory and predistribution assignments of rights and duties according to different levels.
文摘The issue of bycatch in the fisheries sector has been a major concern for the marine biologists over few decades in terms of conservation of marine eco-system and sustainability of the fisheries sector and marine biodiversity.As far as the concept of Bycatch is concerned,these are the unwanted species having less commercial importance,which in most of the cases disposed into the seas onboard or are caught during fishing.The article discusses the social,economic,cultural,and environmental impacts in addressing the issue of bycatch.The concern regarding bycatch is relatively new in the horizon in Indian perspective though it is often considered a major issue faced by developed nations since long.The problem of bycatch poses a serious threat to livelihoods and food security as it acts as a precursor to depletion of the food sources for local consumption with adverse social,economic,cultural,and environmental impacts.The adverse effects of by-catch can be mitigated through commercialisation of bycatch and making profits from the sale of bycatch,opening up of new markets for bycatch species or products,uses of bycatch as fishmeal and application of bycatch reduction devices(BRDs).Reorientation of the present monitoring system to collect fisheries data,strengthening technical know-how,bringing effective policy intervention,efficient co-management,and sincere and honest efforts in reducing bycatch and discards may provide a considerable impact towards sustainability of marine eco-system.
基金supported in part by agrant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.61370232 and 61520106005)
文摘Software-defined networking(SDN),a new networking paradigm decoupling the software control logic from the data forwarding hardware,promises to enable simpler management,more flexible resource usage and faster deployment of network services.It opens network functionality,application programmability,and control-to-data communication interfaces that used to be closed in conventional network devices,offering endless opportunities but also challenges for both existing players and newcomers in the market.Through a comprehensive and comparative exploratory of SDN state-of-theart techniques,standardization activities and realistic applications,this article unveils historic and technical insights into the innovations that SDN offers toward an emerging open network eco-system.We closely examine the critical challenges and opportunities when the networking industry is reshaped by SDN.We further shed light on future development directions of SDN in broad application scenarios,ranging from cloud datacenters,network operating systems,and advanced wireless networking.
