Hydraulic technology has the outstanding advantages of easy pressure compensation and high power density.It is an indispensable part of subsea equipment,such as deep-sea operations and submersible propulsion.There are...Hydraulic technology has the outstanding advantages of easy pressure compensation and high power density.It is an indispensable part of subsea equipment,such as deep-sea operations and submersible propulsion.There are few studies on electrohydraulic servo valves(EHSVs)in the deep sea.In this work,a novel electro-hydraulic servo rotary valve is designed,and its mathematical model is established.The analysis considers the variations in physical parameters such as temperature,ambient pressure,and oil viscosity resulting from changes in sea depth.This study focuses on the deformation of the rotary valve and the consequent alterations in leakage and friction torque.The findings indicate that at a depth of 12000 m,the fit clearance between the valve spool and the valve sleeve is 0.00413 mm,representing a 17%reduction compared with the clearance in a land environment.Then,the response of the rotary valve to depth is analyzed.The results indicate that the bandwidth of the rotary valve decreases with increasing depth.This study provides a reference for the use of the EHSV in the deep sea.展开更多
In this study, shaking table tests were performed to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a mold transformer. Based on the test results, rotary friction dampers were developed to mitigate the excessive lateral d...In this study, shaking table tests were performed to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a mold transformer. Based on the test results, rotary friction dampers were developed to mitigate the excessive lateral displacement that occurred along the direction of the weak stiffness axis of the mold transformer. In addition, shaking table tests were performed by attaching friction dampers to both sides of the mold transformer. Based on the shaking table test results, the natural frequency, mode vector, and damping ratio of the mold transformer were derived using the transfer function and half-power bandwidth. The test results indicated that the use of friction dampers can decrease the displacement and acceleration response of the mold transformer. Finally, dynamic structural models were established considering the component connectivity and mass distribution of the mold transformer. In addition, a numerical strategy was proposed to calibrate the stiffness coefficients of the mold transformer, thereby facilitating the relationship between generalized mass and stiffness. The results indicated that the analytical model based on the calibration strategy of stiffness coefficients can reasonably simulate the dynamic behavior of the mold transformer using friction dampers with regard to transfer function, displacement, and acceleration response.展开更多
The extreme conditions severely constrain the dynamic characteristics of aircraft landing gear retraction mechanism(ALGRM).This paper proposes a dynamic modeling and analysis method for ALGRM considering the coupling ...The extreme conditions severely constrain the dynamic characteristics of aircraft landing gear retraction mechanism(ALGRM).This paper proposes a dynamic modeling and analysis method for ALGRM considering the coupling effects of extreme conditions such as clearance joints,flexible rods,and salt spray corrosion.Firstly,the mathematical model for clearance joint and flexible rod is established and the dynamic model of ALGRM considering clearance joints and flexible rods is formulated based on Lagrangian equation.Furthermore,the salt spray corrosion model for clearance joint is developed using COMSOL simulation software.Finally,the effects of different temperatures and relative humidities on the corrosion depth of clearance joint and the dynamic characteristics of ALGRM under the coupling effects of extreme conditions are investigated.The results have found that the impact of extreme conditions on dynamics of system cannot be ignored.This study not only provides a theoretical foundation for predicting the dynamic characteristics of ALGRM under extreme conditions but also offers insights for the optimization design and corrosion protection efforts of landing gear.展开更多
Addressing the current challenges in transforming pixel displacement into physical displacement in visual monitoring technologies,as well as the inability to achieve precise full-field monitoring,this paper proposes a...Addressing the current challenges in transforming pixel displacement into physical displacement in visual monitoring technologies,as well as the inability to achieve precise full-field monitoring,this paper proposes a method for identifying the structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbines based on visual monitoring data fusion.Firstly,the Lucas-Kanade Tomasi(LKT)optical flow method and a multi-region of interest(ROI)monitoring structure are employed to track pixel displacements,which are subsequently subjected to band pass filtering and resampling operations.Secondly,the actual displacement time history is derived through double integration of the acquired acceleration data and subsequent band pass filtering.The scale factor is obtained by applying the least squares method to compare the visual displacement with the displacement derived from double integration of the acceleration data.Based on this,the multi-point displacement time histories under physical coordinates are obtained using the vision data and the scale factor.Subsequently,when visual monitoring of displacements becomes impossible due to issues such as image blurring or lens occlusion,the structural vibration equation and boundary condition constraints,among other key parameters,are employed to predict the displacements at unknown monitoring points,thereby enabling full-field displacement monitoring and dynamic characteristic testing of the structure.Finally,a small-scale shaking table test was conducted on a simulated wind turbine structure undergoing shutdown to validate the dynamic characteristics of the proposed method through test verification.The research results indicate that the proposed method achieves a time-domain error within the submillimeter range and a frequency-domain accuracy of over 99%,effectively monitoring the full-field structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbines and providing a basis for the condition assessment of wind turbine structures.展开更多
Double-shaft-driven needle punching machine is a specialized equipment designed for processing C/C crucible preforms.Its main needle punching module is operated by two sets of reciprocating crank-slider mechanisms.The...Double-shaft-driven needle punching machine is a specialized equipment designed for processing C/C crucible preforms.Its main needle punching module is operated by two sets of reciprocating crank-slider mechanisms.The intense vibration during needle punching not only generates huge noise,but also substantially reduces the quality of the preform.It is imperative to perform a dynamic analysis and optimization of the entire needle punching machine.In this paper,the three-dimensional(3D)model of the entire double-shaft-driven needle punching machine for C/C crucible preforms is established.Based on the modal analysis theory,the modal characteristics of the needle punching machine under various operating conditions are analyzed and its natural frequencies and vibration modes are determined.The harmonic response analysis is then employed to obtain the amplitude of the needle plate at different frequencies,and the structural weak points of the needle punching machine are identified and improved.The feasibility of the optimized scheme is subsequently reevaluated and verified.The results indicate that the first six natural frequencies of the machine increase,and the maximum amplitude of the needle plate decreases by 70.3%.The enhanced dynamic characteristics of the machine significantly improve its performance,enabling more efficient needle punching of C/C crucible preforms.展开更多
Transmission towers,serving as the support structure of transmission lines,are significant for the functional-ity of an electric transmission system.Bolt joint loosening is one of the critical factors that can affect ...Transmission towers,serving as the support structure of transmission lines,are significant for the functional-ity of an electric transmission system.Bolt joint loosening is one of the critical factors that can affect the safety and stability of transmission towers.In this study,the effects of bolt joint loosening on the dynamic characteristics of a 220-kV angle steel transmission tower are the main topic of concern.First,the mechanical properties of typical joints subjected to different degrees of bolt loosening are studied by finite solid-element simulation,based on which a finite hybrid-element modeling method is developed for a tower structure suffering varying loose degrees in the joints.Taking a 220-kV angle steel transmission tower as the object,the influence of the position and degree of loosening on the tower’s natural frequencies and mode shapes are simulated and discussed.The results demonstrate that the main-member splice joint and the main diagonal-horizontal member gusset plate joint account for the dominant impact on the dynamic characteristics of the tower.In addition,the dominant joint shifts from the main-member splice joint to the main diagonal-horizontal member gusset plate joint as the considered modal order increases.In the case of double joints loosening simultaneously,the loosening of nondomi-nant joints has nonnegligible effects on the tower as well.展开更多
Rock-ice avalanches have frequently occurred in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis region due to climate change and active tectonic movements.These events commonly trigger catastrophic geohazard chains,including debris fl...Rock-ice avalanches have frequently occurred in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis region due to climate change and active tectonic movements.These events commonly trigger catastrophic geohazard chains,including debris flows,river blockages,and floods.This study focuses on the Zelongnong Basin,analyzing the geomorphic and dynamic characteristics of high-altitude disasters.The basin exhibits typical vertical zonation,with disaster sources initiating at elevations exceeding 4000 m and runout distances reaching up to 10 km.The disaster chain movement involves complex dynamic effects,including impact disintegration,soil-rock mixture arching,dynamic erosion,and debris deposition,enhancing understanding of the flow behavior and dynamic characteristics of rock-ice avalanches.The presence of ice significantly increases mobility due to lubrication and frictional melting.In the disaster event of September 10,2020,the maximum flow velocity and thickness reached 40 m/s and 43 m,respectively.Furthermore,continuous deformation of the Zelongnong glacier moraine was observed,with maximum cumulative deformations of 44.68 m in the distance direction and 25.96 m in the azimuth direction from March 25,2022,to August 25,2022.In the future,the risk of rock-ice avalanches in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis region will remain extremely high,necessitating a focus on early warning and risk mitigation strategies for such basin disasters.展开更多
The Bypass Dual Throat Nozzle(BDTN)is a novel fluidic Thrust Vectoring(TV)nozzle,it switches to TV state by opening the valve in the bypass.To greatly manipulate the BDTN,the dynamic characteristics in the TV starting...The Bypass Dual Throat Nozzle(BDTN)is a novel fluidic Thrust Vectoring(TV)nozzle,it switches to TV state by opening the valve in the bypass.To greatly manipulate the BDTN,the dynamic characteristics in the TV starting process should be analyzed.This paper conducts numerical simulations to grasp the variation processes of performances and the flow field evolution of BDTN and Dual Throat Nozzle(DTN).The dynamic responses of TV starting in typical DTN models are investigated at first.Then,the TV starting processes of BDTN in different Nozzle Pressure Ratio(NPR)conditions are simulated,and the valve opening durations(T)are also considered.Before the expected TV direction is achieved in the DTN,the jet is deflected to the opposite direction at the beginning of the dynamic process,which is called the reverse TV phenomenon.However,this phenomenon disappears in the BDTN.The larger injection width of DTN intensifies unsteady oscillations,and the reverse TV phenomenon is strengthened.In the BDTN,T determines the delay degree of performance variations compared to the static results,which is called hysteresis effect.At NPR=10,the hysteresis affects the final stable performance of BDTN.This study analyses the dynamic characteristics in DTN and BDTN,laying a foundation for further design of nozzles and control strategies.展开更多
The meso-dynamical behaviour of a high-speed rail ballast bed with under sleeper pads(USPs)was studied.The geometrically irregular refined discrete element model of the ballast particles was constructed using 3D scann...The meso-dynamical behaviour of a high-speed rail ballast bed with under sleeper pads(USPs)was studied.The geometrically irregular refined discrete element model of the ballast particles was constructed using 3D scanning techniques,and the 3D dynamic model of the rail-sleeper-ballast bed was constructed using the coupled discrete element method-multiflexible-body dynamics(DEM-MFBD)approach.We analyse the meso-mechanical dynamics of the ballast bed with USPs under dynamic load on a train and verify the correctness of the model in laboratory tests.It is shown that the deformation of the USPs increases the contact area between the sleeper and the ballast particles,and subsequently the number of contacts between them.As the depth of the granular ballast bed increases,the contact area becomes larger,and the contact force between the ballast particles gradually decreases.Under the action of the elastic USPs,the contact forces between ballast particles are reduced and the overall vibration level of the ballast bed can be reduced.The settlement of the granular ballast bed occurs mainly at the shallow position of the sleeper bottom,and the installation of the elastic USPs can be effective in reducing the stress on the ballast particles and the settlement of the ballast bed.展开更多
During the operation of magnetic liquid double suspension bearing(MLDSB),due to rotor resonance,assembly error and other factor,the vibration amplitude of the rotor in resonance state exceeds the original design clear...During the operation of magnetic liquid double suspension bearing(MLDSB),due to rotor resonance,assembly error and other factor,the vibration amplitude of the rotor in resonance state exceeds the original design clearance,resulting in the collision damage between the rotor and the stator,the rotor and the casing.This paper presents a method to simulate the influence of different factors on the dynamic characteristics of 5 degrees of freedom(DOF)rotor based on the dynamic model of MLDSB.Firstly,according to the second Lagrange equation,the dynamic equation of 5 DOF rotor is derived,and the mathematical model is established.Then,based on 5 DOF rotor dynamic equation,the rotor transient dynamic equation under collision state is obtained,and the rotor transient collision dynamic simulation model is established.Finally,the key influencing factors of rotor dynamic characteristics are extracted,and the influence mapping relationship of rotor displacement,axis locus and stress distribution under different factors is simulated by using ANSYS Workbench software.The experimental results show that this method can effectively reflect the influence of various factors on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor.This method can provide theoretical reference for the design and control of MLDSB.展开更多
This study proposes an effective method to enhance the accuracy of the Differential Quadrature Method(DQM)for calculating the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded beams by improving the form of discrete node...This study proposes an effective method to enhance the accuracy of the Differential Quadrature Method(DQM)for calculating the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded beams by improving the form of discrete node distribution.Firstly,based on the first-order shear deformation theory,the governing equation of free vibration of a functionally graded beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam axial displacement,transverse displacement,and cross-sectional rotation angle by considering the effects of shear deformation and rotational inertia of the beam cross-section.Then,ignoring the shear deformation of the beam section and only considering the effect of the rotational inertia of the section,the governing equation of the beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam transverse displacement.Based on the differential quadrature method theory,the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of standard generalized algebraic equations.Finally,the first several natural frequencies of the beam can be calculated.The feasibility and accuracy of the improved DQM are verified using the finite element method(FEM)and combined with the results of relevant literature.展开更多
This study considers a superconducting electrodynamic maglev train of MLX01 type.The characteristics of the electromagnetic spring coefficient of a single bogie under different magnetomotive force(MF) of the supercond...This study considers a superconducting electrodynamic maglev train of MLX01 type.The characteristics of the electromagnetic spring coefficient of a single bogie under different magnetomotive force(MF) of the superconducting coil and standard air gap(Sag) were explored.In view of the small electromagnetic damping,a passive damping control strategy and an active damping control strategy were designed to increase the electromagnetic damping force between the superconducting coil and ground coil.Combined with the coupling numerical model of a single bogie,the vibration characteristics of the bogie in different directions with different damping control strategies were studied when the Sag and MF were fixed.The results can provide important theoretical support for stable operation control of maglev trains.展开更多
In order to investigate the effect of vehicle-bridge coupling on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge,a steel-concrete composite beam suspension bridge is taken as the research object,and a three-dimensional spat...In order to investigate the effect of vehicle-bridge coupling on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge,a steel-concrete composite beam suspension bridge is taken as the research object,and a three-dimensional spatial model of the bridge and a biaxial vehicle model of the vehicle are established,and then a vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system is constructed on the basis of the Nemak-βmethod,and the impact coefficients of each part of the bridge are obtained under different bridge deck unevenness and vehicle speed.The simulation results show that the bridge deck unevenness has the greatest influence on the vibration response of the bridge,and the bridge impact coefficient increases along with the increase in the level of bridge deck unevenness,and the impact coefficient of the main longitudinal girder and the secondary longitudinal girder achieves the maximum value when the level 4 unevenness is 0.328 and 0.314,respectively;when the vehicle speed is increased,the vibration response of the bridge increases and then decreases,and the impact coefficient of the bridge in the middle of the bridge at a speed of 60 km/h achieves the maximum value of 0.192.展开更多
Since the Dongfeng-2 missile, full-vehicle modal testing has been established as an indispensable part of the development and testing of rocket and missile models. However, as rockets have been developed larger, the c...Since the Dongfeng-2 missile, full-vehicle modal testing has been established as an indispensable part of the development and testing of rocket and missile models. However, as rockets have been developed larger, the cost and duration of such tests have significantly increased, magnifying their impact on model development. This article follows the process of the modal testing practice of the Gravity-1 rocket, reviewing and summarizing the design process of the rocket's dynamic characteristics. Initially, the article introduces common modeling techniques for launch rockets, including the mass-beam model and the hybrid element model. It then discusses the relationship between the structural dynamics model of the launch rocket and modal testing, aiming to reduce testing costs through refined structural dynamics modeling methods. Subsequently, the article describes the dynamic characteristics design process of the Gravity-1 carrier rocket, categorizes structural parameters, and studies how the selection of structural parameters affects the predicted dynamic characteristics of the rocket. Finally, it elaborates on the design of the modal testing scheme and the dynamic characteristics design based on the test data.展开更多
The dual-rotor structure serves as the primary source of vibration in aero-engines. Understanding itsdynamical model and analyzing dynamic characteristics, such as critical speed and unbalanced response, arecrucial fo...The dual-rotor structure serves as the primary source of vibration in aero-engines. Understanding itsdynamical model and analyzing dynamic characteristics, such as critical speed and unbalanced response, arecrucial for rotor system dynamics. Previous work introduced a coaxial dual-rotor-support scheme for aeroengines,and a physical model featuring a high-speed flexible inner rotor with a substantial length-to-diameter ratiowas designed. Then a finite element (FE) dynamic model based on the Timoshenko beam elements and rigid bodykinematics of the dual-rotor system is modeled, with the Newmark method and Newton–Raphson method used forthe numerical calculation to study the dynamic characteristics of the system. Three different simulation models,including beam-based FE (1D) model, solid-based FE (3D) model, and transfer matrix model, were designed tostudy the characteristics of mode and the critical speed characteristic of the dual-rotor system. The unbalancedresponse of the dual-rotor system was analyzed to study the influence of mass unbalance on the rotor system. Theeffect of different disk unbalance phases and different speed ratios on the dynamic characteristics of the dual-rotorsystem was investigated in detail. The experimental result shows that the beam-based FE model is effective andsuitable for studying the dual-rotor system.展开更多
The dynamics model of the transmission system of the internal grinder is established on the bases of Riccati transfer matrix. The dynamic characteristics of the internal grinder are obtained by analyzing the relations...The dynamics model of the transmission system of the internal grinder is established on the bases of Riccati transfer matrix. The dynamic characteristics of the internal grinder are obtained by analyzing the relationship between dynamic modal flexibility and modal flexibility, which is used to find out the dangerous model of the transmission system and its weak areas. Then design parameters of weak areas are modified, the new one from the old structure is put forward, and the dynamic characteristics of new ...展开更多
A dynamics model of the self-aligning ball bearing is proposed based on the Jones-Harris method （JHM）, and a computer program is developed to solve the equations by using the Newton-Raphson method. A parametric anal...A dynamics model of the self-aligning ball bearing is proposed based on the Jones-Harris method （JHM）, and a computer program is developed to solve the equations by using the Newton-Raphson method. A parametric analysis of the centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment, the contact loads, the contact angles, the radial deformation and the radial stiffness is carried out. The analytical results show that the applied loads and the rotational speed are two main factors that can influence the distributions of the contact loads and values of the contact angles. The centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment increase with the increase in the rotational speed, resulting in the decrease of the inner raceway contact load and the increase of the outer raceway contact load. The outer raceway contact angle increases under the centrifugal force; on the contrary, the inner raceway contact angle decreases. Furthermore, the differences between the inner and the outer contact angles increase with the increase in the rotational speed. The higher rotational speed results in the decrease in radial stiffness for the self-aligning ball bearing, and the raceway curvature coefficient, to some extent, also influences the radial stiffness.展开更多
The inner and outer oil film dynamic characteristic coefficients of floating ring bearings（FRBs） change due to the manufacturing tolerance of the floating ring, journal and intermediate, which leads to high-speed tu...The inner and outer oil film dynamic characteristic coefficients of floating ring bearings（FRBs） change due to the manufacturing tolerance of the floating ring, journal and intermediate, which leads to high-speed turbocharger＇s vibration too large and even causes nonlinear vibration accident. However, the investigation of floating ring bearing manufacturing tolerance clearance on the rotordynamic characteristics is less at present. In order to study the influence law of inner and outer clearance on turbocharger vibration, the rotor dynamic motion equations of turbocharger supported in FRBs are derived by analyzing the size relations between floating ring, journal and intermediate for the inner and outer oil film clearances, the time transient response analysis for combination of FRBs clearance are developed. A realistic turbocharger is taken as a research object, the FE model of the turbocharger with FRBs is modeled. Under the conditions of four kinds of limit state bearing clearances for inner and outer oil film, the nonlinear transient analyses are performed based on the established FE dynamic models of the nonlinear rotor-FRBs system applied incentive combinations of gravity and unbalance force, respectively. From the waterfall, the simulation results show that the speed for the appearance of fractional frequency is not identical and the amplitude magnitude is different under the four kinds of bearing manufacturing tolerance limit clearances, and fractional frequency does not appear in the turbocharger and the amplitude is minimum under the ODMin/IDMax bearing manufacturing tolerance clearances. The turbocharger vibration is reduced by controlling the manufacturing tolerance clearance combinations of FRBs, which is helpful for the dynamic design and production-manufacturing of high-speed turbocharger.展开更多
A 3D finite element model for the Taizhou Yangtze River Bridge,the first triple-tower long-span suspension bridge in China,is established based on the nonlinear finite element software ABAQUS,and the dynamic character...A 3D finite element model for the Taizhou Yangtze River Bridge,the first triple-tower long-span suspension bridge in China,is established based on the nonlinear finite element software ABAQUS,and the dynamic characteristics of the bridge are analyzed using the LANCZOS eigenvalue solution method. The study focuses on the effects of the vertical,lateral and torsional stiffness of the steel box girder,the rigid central buckle and the elastic restraints connecting the towers and the steel box girder on the dynamic characteristics of the triple-tower suspension bridge. Our results show that,in general,the dynamic characteristics of the triple-tower suspension bridge are similar to those of two-tower suspension bridges. The vertical,lateral and torsional stiffness of the steel box girder have different effects on the dynamic characteristics of triple-tower suspension bridges. The elastic re-straints have a more significant effect on the dynamic characteristics than the central buckle,and decreasing the stiffness of the elastic restraints results in the appearance of a longitudinal floating vibration mode of the bridge. Also,rigid central buckles have a greater influence on the dynamic characteristics of triple-tower suspension bridges than on those of two-tower suspension bridges. The results obtained could serve as a valuable numerical reference for analyzing and designing super-long-span triple-tower suspension bridges.展开更多
The oil film thickness of oil hydrostatic guide with constant pressure supply based on capillary restrictor is greatly affected by load, and this kind of hydrostatic guide is usually applied to the machine tools with ...The oil film thickness of oil hydrostatic guide with constant pressure supply based on capillary restrictor is greatly affected by load, and this kind of hydrostatic guide is usually applied to the machine tools with moderate load. The static and dynamic characteristics of the guide have been studied by using some theoretical, numerical and experimental approaches, and some methods and measures have been proposed to improve its performances. The hydrostatic guide based on progressive mengen（PM） flow controller is especially suitable for the heavy numerical control（NC） machine tools. However, few literatures about the research on the static and dynamic characteristics of the hydrostatic guides based on PM flow controller are reported. In this paper, the formulae are derived for analyzing the static and dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic guides with rectangle pockets and PM flow controller according to the theory of hydrostatic bearing. On the basis of the analysis of hydrostatic bearing with circular pocket, some equations are derived for solving the static pressure, volume pressure and squeezing pressure which influence the dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic guides with rectangle pocket. The function and the influencing factors of three pressures are clarified. The formulae of amplitude-frequency characteristics and dynamic stiffness of the hydrostatic guide system are derived. With the help of software MATLAB, programs are coded with C＋＋ language to simulate numerically the static and dynamic characteristics of the hydrostatic guide based on PM flow controller. The simulation results indicate that the sensitive oil volume between the outlet of the PM flow controller and the guide pocket has the greatest influence on the characteristics of the guide, and it should be reduced as small as possible when the field working condition is met. Choosing the oil with a greater viscosity is also helpful in improving the dynamic performance of hydrostatic guides. The research work has instructing significance for analyzing and designing the guide with PM flow controller.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC2805703)the Major Training Program of University Research and Innovation Platform of Gansu Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.2024CXPT-09).
文摘Hydraulic technology has the outstanding advantages of easy pressure compensation and high power density.It is an indispensable part of subsea equipment,such as deep-sea operations and submersible propulsion.There are few studies on electrohydraulic servo valves(EHSVs)in the deep sea.In this work,a novel electro-hydraulic servo rotary valve is designed,and its mathematical model is established.The analysis considers the variations in physical parameters such as temperature,ambient pressure,and oil viscosity resulting from changes in sea depth.This study focuses on the deformation of the rotary valve and the consequent alterations in leakage and friction torque.The findings indicate that at a depth of 12000 m,the fit clearance between the valve spool and the valve sleeve is 0.00413 mm,representing a 17%reduction compared with the clearance in a land environment.Then,the response of the rotary valve to depth is analyzed.The results indicate that the bandwidth of the rotary valve decreases with increasing depth.This study provides a reference for the use of the EHSV in the deep sea.
基金Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea under Grant Nos.NRF-2020R1A6A1A03044977 and NRF2022R1A2C2004351。
文摘In this study, shaking table tests were performed to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a mold transformer. Based on the test results, rotary friction dampers were developed to mitigate the excessive lateral displacement that occurred along the direction of the weak stiffness axis of the mold transformer. In addition, shaking table tests were performed by attaching friction dampers to both sides of the mold transformer. Based on the shaking table test results, the natural frequency, mode vector, and damping ratio of the mold transformer were derived using the transfer function and half-power bandwidth. The test results indicated that the use of friction dampers can decrease the displacement and acceleration response of the mold transformer. Finally, dynamic structural models were established considering the component connectivity and mass distribution of the mold transformer. In addition, a numerical strategy was proposed to calibrate the stiffness coefficients of the mold transformer, thereby facilitating the relationship between generalized mass and stiffness. The results indicated that the analytical model based on the calibration strategy of stiffness coefficients can reasonably simulate the dynamic behavior of the mold transformer using friction dampers with regard to transfer function, displacement, and acceleration response.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51875086)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2023NSFSC0866).
文摘The extreme conditions severely constrain the dynamic characteristics of aircraft landing gear retraction mechanism(ALGRM).This paper proposes a dynamic modeling and analysis method for ALGRM considering the coupling effects of extreme conditions such as clearance joints,flexible rods,and salt spray corrosion.Firstly,the mathematical model for clearance joint and flexible rod is established and the dynamic model of ALGRM considering clearance joints and flexible rods is formulated based on Lagrangian equation.Furthermore,the salt spray corrosion model for clearance joint is developed using COMSOL simulation software.Finally,the effects of different temperatures and relative humidities on the corrosion depth of clearance joint and the dynamic characteristics of ALGRM under the coupling effects of extreme conditions are investigated.The results have found that the impact of extreme conditions on dynamics of system cannot be ignored.This study not only provides a theoretical foundation for predicting the dynamic characteristics of ALGRM under extreme conditions but also offers insights for the optimization design and corrosion protection efforts of landing gear.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52068049 and 51908266)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Gansu Province(No.21JR7RA267)Hongliu Outstanding Young Talents Program of Lanzhou University of Technology.
文摘Addressing the current challenges in transforming pixel displacement into physical displacement in visual monitoring technologies,as well as the inability to achieve precise full-field monitoring,this paper proposes a method for identifying the structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbines based on visual monitoring data fusion.Firstly,the Lucas-Kanade Tomasi(LKT)optical flow method and a multi-region of interest(ROI)monitoring structure are employed to track pixel displacements,which are subsequently subjected to band pass filtering and resampling operations.Secondly,the actual displacement time history is derived through double integration of the acquired acceleration data and subsequent band pass filtering.The scale factor is obtained by applying the least squares method to compare the visual displacement with the displacement derived from double integration of the acceleration data.Based on this,the multi-point displacement time histories under physical coordinates are obtained using the vision data and the scale factor.Subsequently,when visual monitoring of displacements becomes impossible due to issues such as image blurring or lens occlusion,the structural vibration equation and boundary condition constraints,among other key parameters,are employed to predict the displacements at unknown monitoring points,thereby enabling full-field displacement monitoring and dynamic characteristic testing of the structure.Finally,a small-scale shaking table test was conducted on a simulated wind turbine structure undergoing shutdown to validate the dynamic characteristics of the proposed method through test verification.The research results indicate that the proposed method achieves a time-domain error within the submillimeter range and a frequency-domain accuracy of over 99%,effectively monitoring the full-field structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbines and providing a basis for the condition assessment of wind turbine structures.
基金Open Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight Composite,China(No.2232021A4-04)。
文摘Double-shaft-driven needle punching machine is a specialized equipment designed for processing C/C crucible preforms.Its main needle punching module is operated by two sets of reciprocating crank-slider mechanisms.The intense vibration during needle punching not only generates huge noise,but also substantially reduces the quality of the preform.It is imperative to perform a dynamic analysis and optimization of the entire needle punching machine.In this paper,the three-dimensional(3D)model of the entire double-shaft-driven needle punching machine for C/C crucible preforms is established.Based on the modal analysis theory,the modal characteristics of the needle punching machine under various operating conditions are analyzed and its natural frequencies and vibration modes are determined.The harmonic response analysis is then employed to obtain the amplitude of the needle plate at different frequencies,and the structural weak points of the needle punching machine are identified and improved.The feasibility of the optimized scheme is subsequently reevaluated and verified.The results indicate that the first six natural frequencies of the machine increase,and the maximum amplitude of the needle plate decreases by 70.3%.The enhanced dynamic characteristics of the machine significantly improve its performance,enabling more efficient needle punching of C/C crucible preforms.
基金The Youth Foundation Project of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20230337)the Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.22KJB560004)the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(No.52278523)。
文摘Transmission towers,serving as the support structure of transmission lines,are significant for the functional-ity of an electric transmission system.Bolt joint loosening is one of the critical factors that can affect the safety and stability of transmission towers.In this study,the effects of bolt joint loosening on the dynamic characteristics of a 220-kV angle steel transmission tower are the main topic of concern.First,the mechanical properties of typical joints subjected to different degrees of bolt loosening are studied by finite solid-element simulation,based on which a finite hybrid-element modeling method is developed for a tower structure suffering varying loose degrees in the joints.Taking a 220-kV angle steel transmission tower as the object,the influence of the position and degree of loosening on the tower’s natural frequencies and mode shapes are simulated and discussed.The results demonstrate that the main-member splice joint and the main diagonal-horizontal member gusset plate joint account for the dominant impact on the dynamic characteristics of the tower.In addition,the dominant joint shifts from the main-member splice joint to the main diagonal-horizontal member gusset plate joint as the considered modal order increases.In the case of double joints loosening simultaneously,the loosening of nondomi-nant joints has nonnegligible effects on the tower as well.
基金granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2244227 and U2244226)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3004301)China Geological Survey Project(Grant No.DD20230538)。
文摘Rock-ice avalanches have frequently occurred in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis region due to climate change and active tectonic movements.These events commonly trigger catastrophic geohazard chains,including debris flows,river blockages,and floods.This study focuses on the Zelongnong Basin,analyzing the geomorphic and dynamic characteristics of high-altitude disasters.The basin exhibits typical vertical zonation,with disaster sources initiating at elevations exceeding 4000 m and runout distances reaching up to 10 km.The disaster chain movement involves complex dynamic effects,including impact disintegration,soil-rock mixture arching,dynamic erosion,and debris deposition,enhancing understanding of the flow behavior and dynamic characteristics of rock-ice avalanches.The presence of ice significantly increases mobility due to lubrication and frictional melting.In the disaster event of September 10,2020,the maximum flow velocity and thickness reached 40 m/s and 43 m,respectively.Furthermore,continuous deformation of the Zelongnong glacier moraine was observed,with maximum cumulative deformations of 44.68 m in the distance direction and 25.96 m in the azimuth direction from March 25,2022,to August 25,2022.In the future,the risk of rock-ice avalanches in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis region will remain extremely high,necessitating a focus on early warning and risk mitigation strategies for such basin disasters.
基金the continued support of Key Laboratory of Inlet and Exhaust system Technology (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), ChinaMinistry of Education, National Science and Technology Major Project of China (Nos. 2017-V-0004-0054, 2019-II-0007-0027, Y2022II-0005-0008)+6 种基金Defense Industrial Technology Development Program of China (No. JCKY2019605D001)Advanced Jet Propulsion Creativity Center of AEAC of China (No. HKCX2020-02-011)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2022M721598)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent of China (No. 2022ZB214)the Youth Fund Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (No. BK20230891)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12332018)Science Center for Gas Turbine Project, China (P2022-B-I-006-001) and some other related foundations
文摘The Bypass Dual Throat Nozzle(BDTN)is a novel fluidic Thrust Vectoring(TV)nozzle,it switches to TV state by opening the valve in the bypass.To greatly manipulate the BDTN,the dynamic characteristics in the TV starting process should be analyzed.This paper conducts numerical simulations to grasp the variation processes of performances and the flow field evolution of BDTN and Dual Throat Nozzle(DTN).The dynamic responses of TV starting in typical DTN models are investigated at first.Then,the TV starting processes of BDTN in different Nozzle Pressure Ratio(NPR)conditions are simulated,and the valve opening durations(T)are also considered.Before the expected TV direction is achieved in the DTN,the jet is deflected to the opposite direction at the beginning of the dynamic process,which is called the reverse TV phenomenon.However,this phenomenon disappears in the BDTN.The larger injection width of DTN intensifies unsteady oscillations,and the reverse TV phenomenon is strengthened.In the BDTN,T determines the delay degree of performance variations compared to the static results,which is called hysteresis effect.At NPR=10,the hysteresis affects the final stable performance of BDTN.This study analyses the dynamic characteristics in DTN and BDTN,laying a foundation for further design of nozzles and control strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants Nos.52165013 and 51565021.
文摘The meso-dynamical behaviour of a high-speed rail ballast bed with under sleeper pads(USPs)was studied.The geometrically irregular refined discrete element model of the ballast particles was constructed using 3D scanning techniques,and the 3D dynamic model of the rail-sleeper-ballast bed was constructed using the coupled discrete element method-multiflexible-body dynamics(DEM-MFBD)approach.We analyse the meso-mechanical dynamics of the ballast bed with USPs under dynamic load on a train and verify the correctness of the model in laboratory tests.It is shown that the deformation of the USPs increases the contact area between the sleeper and the ballast particles,and subsequently the number of contacts between them.As the depth of the granular ballast bed increases,the contact area becomes larger,and the contact force between the ballast particles gradually decreases.Under the action of the elastic USPs,the contact forces between ballast particles are reduced and the overall vibration level of the ballast bed can be reduced.The settlement of the granular ballast bed occurs mainly at the shallow position of the sleeper bottom,and the installation of the elastic USPs can be effective in reducing the stress on the ballast particles and the settlement of the ballast bed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52075468)。
文摘During the operation of magnetic liquid double suspension bearing(MLDSB),due to rotor resonance,assembly error and other factor,the vibration amplitude of the rotor in resonance state exceeds the original design clearance,resulting in the collision damage between the rotor and the stator,the rotor and the casing.This paper presents a method to simulate the influence of different factors on the dynamic characteristics of 5 degrees of freedom(DOF)rotor based on the dynamic model of MLDSB.Firstly,according to the second Lagrange equation,the dynamic equation of 5 DOF rotor is derived,and the mathematical model is established.Then,based on 5 DOF rotor dynamic equation,the rotor transient dynamic equation under collision state is obtained,and the rotor transient collision dynamic simulation model is established.Finally,the key influencing factors of rotor dynamic characteristics are extracted,and the influence mapping relationship of rotor displacement,axis locus and stress distribution under different factors is simulated by using ANSYS Workbench software.The experimental results show that this method can effectively reflect the influence of various factors on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor.This method can provide theoretical reference for the design and control of MLDSB.
基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085QD124)Anhui Province University Natural Science Research Project(GrantNo.2023AH050918)The University Outstanding Youth Talent Support Program of Anhui Province.
文摘This study proposes an effective method to enhance the accuracy of the Differential Quadrature Method(DQM)for calculating the dynamic characteristics of functionally graded beams by improving the form of discrete node distribution.Firstly,based on the first-order shear deformation theory,the governing equation of free vibration of a functionally graded beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam axial displacement,transverse displacement,and cross-sectional rotation angle by considering the effects of shear deformation and rotational inertia of the beam cross-section.Then,ignoring the shear deformation of the beam section and only considering the effect of the rotational inertia of the section,the governing equation of the beam is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations with respect to beam transverse displacement.Based on the differential quadrature method theory,the eigenvalue problem of ordinary differential equations is transformed into the eigenvalue problem of standard generalized algebraic equations.Finally,the first several natural frequencies of the beam can be calculated.The feasibility and accuracy of the improved DQM are verified using the finite element method(FEM)and combined with the results of relevant literature.
文摘This study considers a superconducting electrodynamic maglev train of MLX01 type.The characteristics of the electromagnetic spring coefficient of a single bogie under different magnetomotive force(MF) of the superconducting coil and standard air gap(Sag) were explored.In view of the small electromagnetic damping,a passive damping control strategy and an active damping control strategy were designed to increase the electromagnetic damping force between the superconducting coil and ground coil.Combined with the coupling numerical model of a single bogie,the vibration characteristics of the bogie in different directions with different damping control strategies were studied when the Sag and MF were fixed.The results can provide important theoretical support for stable operation control of maglev trains.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(11572001,51478004)2021 Undergraduate Course Ideological and Political Demonstration Course-Theoretical Mechanics(108051360022XN569)2022 Great Innovation Project-Frame Bridge Structural Engineering Research(108051360022XN388)。
文摘In order to investigate the effect of vehicle-bridge coupling on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge,a steel-concrete composite beam suspension bridge is taken as the research object,and a three-dimensional spatial model of the bridge and a biaxial vehicle model of the vehicle are established,and then a vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system is constructed on the basis of the Nemak-βmethod,and the impact coefficients of each part of the bridge are obtained under different bridge deck unevenness and vehicle speed.The simulation results show that the bridge deck unevenness has the greatest influence on the vibration response of the bridge,and the bridge impact coefficient increases along with the increase in the level of bridge deck unevenness,and the impact coefficient of the main longitudinal girder and the secondary longitudinal girder achieves the maximum value when the level 4 unevenness is 0.328 and 0.314,respectively;when the vehicle speed is increased,the vibration response of the bridge increases and then decreases,and the impact coefficient of the bridge in the middle of the bridge at a speed of 60 km/h achieves the maximum value of 0.192.
文摘Since the Dongfeng-2 missile, full-vehicle modal testing has been established as an indispensable part of the development and testing of rocket and missile models. However, as rockets have been developed larger, the cost and duration of such tests have significantly increased, magnifying their impact on model development. This article follows the process of the modal testing practice of the Gravity-1 rocket, reviewing and summarizing the design process of the rocket's dynamic characteristics. Initially, the article introduces common modeling techniques for launch rockets, including the mass-beam model and the hybrid element model. It then discusses the relationship between the structural dynamics model of the launch rocket and modal testing, aiming to reduce testing costs through refined structural dynamics modeling methods. Subsequently, the article describes the dynamic characteristics design process of the Gravity-1 carrier rocket, categorizes structural parameters, and studies how the selection of structural parameters affects the predicted dynamic characteristics of the rocket. Finally, it elaborates on the design of the modal testing scheme and the dynamic characteristics design based on the test data.
文摘The dual-rotor structure serves as the primary source of vibration in aero-engines. Understanding itsdynamical model and analyzing dynamic characteristics, such as critical speed and unbalanced response, arecrucial for rotor system dynamics. Previous work introduced a coaxial dual-rotor-support scheme for aeroengines,and a physical model featuring a high-speed flexible inner rotor with a substantial length-to-diameter ratiowas designed. Then a finite element (FE) dynamic model based on the Timoshenko beam elements and rigid bodykinematics of the dual-rotor system is modeled, with the Newmark method and Newton–Raphson method used forthe numerical calculation to study the dynamic characteristics of the system. Three different simulation models,including beam-based FE (1D) model, solid-based FE (3D) model, and transfer matrix model, were designed tostudy the characteristics of mode and the critical speed characteristic of the dual-rotor system. The unbalancedresponse of the dual-rotor system was analyzed to study the influence of mass unbalance on the rotor system. Theeffect of different disk unbalance phases and different speed ratios on the dynamic characteristics of the dual-rotorsystem was investigated in detail. The experimental result shows that the beam-based FE model is effective andsuitable for studying the dual-rotor system.
文摘The dynamics model of the transmission system of the internal grinder is established on the bases of Riccati transfer matrix. The dynamic characteristics of the internal grinder are obtained by analyzing the relationship between dynamic modal flexibility and modal flexibility, which is used to find out the dangerous model of the transmission system and its weak areas. Then design parameters of weak areas are modified, the new one from the old structure is put forward, and the dynamic characteristics of new ...
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.5047507, 50775036)the High Technology Research Program of Jiangsu Province (No.BG2006035)the Natural Science Foundation of JiangsuProvince (No.BK2009612)
文摘A dynamics model of the self-aligning ball bearing is proposed based on the Jones-Harris method （JHM）, and a computer program is developed to solve the equations by using the Newton-Raphson method. A parametric analysis of the centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment, the contact loads, the contact angles, the radial deformation and the radial stiffness is carried out. The analytical results show that the applied loads and the rotational speed are two main factors that can influence the distributions of the contact loads and values of the contact angles. The centrifugal force and the gyroscopic moment increase with the increase in the rotational speed, resulting in the decrease of the inner raceway contact load and the increase of the outer raceway contact load. The outer raceway contact angle increases under the centrifugal force; on the contrary, the inner raceway contact angle decreases. Furthermore, the differences between the inner and the outer contact angles increase with the increase in the rotational speed. The higher rotational speed results in the decrease in radial stiffness for the self-aligning ball bearing, and the raceway curvature coefficient, to some extent, also influences the radial stiffness.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51205121,51375162)Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department of China(Grant No.13A023)Postgraduate Innovation Foundation of Hunan University of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.S140020)
文摘The inner and outer oil film dynamic characteristic coefficients of floating ring bearings（FRBs） change due to the manufacturing tolerance of the floating ring, journal and intermediate, which leads to high-speed turbocharger＇s vibration too large and even causes nonlinear vibration accident. However, the investigation of floating ring bearing manufacturing tolerance clearance on the rotordynamic characteristics is less at present. In order to study the influence law of inner and outer clearance on turbocharger vibration, the rotor dynamic motion equations of turbocharger supported in FRBs are derived by analyzing the size relations between floating ring, journal and intermediate for the inner and outer oil film clearances, the time transient response analysis for combination of FRBs clearance are developed. A realistic turbocharger is taken as a research object, the FE model of the turbocharger with FRBs is modeled. Under the conditions of four kinds of limit state bearing clearances for inner and outer oil film, the nonlinear transient analyses are performed based on the established FE dynamic models of the nonlinear rotor-FRBs system applied incentive combinations of gravity and unbalance force, respectively. From the waterfall, the simulation results show that the speed for the appearance of fractional frequency is not identical and the amplitude magnitude is different under the four kinds of bearing manufacturing tolerance limit clearances, and fractional frequency does not appear in the turbocharger and the amplitude is minimum under the ODMin/IDMax bearing manufacturing tolerance clearances. The turbocharger vibration is reduced by controlling the manufacturing tolerance clearance combinations of FRBs, which is helpful for the dynamic design and production-manufacturing of high-speed turbocharger.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 50978056)the NSFC for Young Scholars (No. 50908046)the PhD Programs Foundation of MOE of China (No. 200802861012)
文摘A 3D finite element model for the Taizhou Yangtze River Bridge,the first triple-tower long-span suspension bridge in China,is established based on the nonlinear finite element software ABAQUS,and the dynamic characteristics of the bridge are analyzed using the LANCZOS eigenvalue solution method. The study focuses on the effects of the vertical,lateral and torsional stiffness of the steel box girder,the rigid central buckle and the elastic restraints connecting the towers and the steel box girder on the dynamic characteristics of the triple-tower suspension bridge. Our results show that,in general,the dynamic characteristics of the triple-tower suspension bridge are similar to those of two-tower suspension bridges. The vertical,lateral and torsional stiffness of the steel box girder have different effects on the dynamic characteristics of triple-tower suspension bridges. The elastic re-straints have a more significant effect on the dynamic characteristics than the central buckle,and decreasing the stiffness of the elastic restraints results in the appearance of a longitudinal floating vibration mode of the bridge. Also,rigid central buckles have a greater influence on the dynamic characteristics of triple-tower suspension bridges than on those of two-tower suspension bridges. The results obtained could serve as a valuable numerical reference for analyzing and designing super-long-span triple-tower suspension bridges.
文摘The oil film thickness of oil hydrostatic guide with constant pressure supply based on capillary restrictor is greatly affected by load, and this kind of hydrostatic guide is usually applied to the machine tools with moderate load. The static and dynamic characteristics of the guide have been studied by using some theoretical, numerical and experimental approaches, and some methods and measures have been proposed to improve its performances. The hydrostatic guide based on progressive mengen（PM） flow controller is especially suitable for the heavy numerical control（NC） machine tools. However, few literatures about the research on the static and dynamic characteristics of the hydrostatic guides based on PM flow controller are reported. In this paper, the formulae are derived for analyzing the static and dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic guides with rectangle pockets and PM flow controller according to the theory of hydrostatic bearing. On the basis of the analysis of hydrostatic bearing with circular pocket, some equations are derived for solving the static pressure, volume pressure and squeezing pressure which influence the dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic guides with rectangle pocket. The function and the influencing factors of three pressures are clarified. The formulae of amplitude-frequency characteristics and dynamic stiffness of the hydrostatic guide system are derived. With the help of software MATLAB, programs are coded with C＋＋ language to simulate numerically the static and dynamic characteristics of the hydrostatic guide based on PM flow controller. The simulation results indicate that the sensitive oil volume between the outlet of the PM flow controller and the guide pocket has the greatest influence on the characteristics of the guide, and it should be reduced as small as possible when the field working condition is met. Choosing the oil with a greater viscosity is also helpful in improving the dynamic performance of hydrostatic guides. The research work has instructing significance for analyzing and designing the guide with PM flow controller.
