Continuous cropping is a common pattern of modern agriculture that takes regional advantages for crop yield profits.Along the progress of mono-cropping continuously supported by intensive fertilizer inputs,such a crop...Continuous cropping is a common pattern of modern agriculture that takes regional advantages for crop yield profits.Along the progress of mono-cropping continuously supported by intensive fertilizer inputs,such a cropping pattern often undergoes serious problems with low fertilizer use efficiencies and unsustainable crop production.In this study,we dealt with a>25-year continuous garlic cropping system as an example for a problem-solving investigation.These garlic cropping soils underwent problems characterized by loss of soil organic matter,dramatic retention of NH_(4)^(+)-N,and excess accumulation of phosphate and potash chemicals.Through hydroponic simulations,we revealed that the presence of NH_(4)^(+)-N inhibited the root uptake of NO_(3)^(-)-N and K by 68% and 88%,respectively.Despite the traditionally emphasized importance of K,we observed the negative effect of high K on the growth of garlic roots.Further field experiments demonstrated that P and K applications can be reduced by 60% and 50%,respectively,without loss of yield.We thus developed a high-performance fertilization strategy by integrating a recomposed NPK fertilizer formulation to reduce unnecessary P and K inputs,a supplementary application of long-lasting C of woody peat to compensate for the soil C loss,and a foliar K approach to strengthen the stomatal function improvement with K.This strategy allowed a 15% increase of garlic yield and a seasonal soil C profit of ca.1.8 Mg ha^(-1)even at ca.30% lower fertilizer cost.This study would be helpful in managing garlic fertilization and developing compound fertilizers,with broader significance for other long-term cropping soils.展开更多
Stabilized fertilizers,enhanced with urease or nitrification inhibitors,have emerged as pivotal tools for China’s agricultural green transition,balancing crop productivity,resource efficiency,and environmental sustai...Stabilized fertilizers,enhanced with urease or nitrification inhibitors,have emerged as pivotal tools for China’s agricultural green transition,balancing crop productivity,resource efficiency,and environmental sustainability.Globally,Germany and other EU countries have pioneered inhibitor-integrated fertilizer policies,driving emission reductions.Despite China’s later start,breakthroughs in local production,diversified formulations(covering six major fertilizer categories)and standardized systems have positioned it as a global leader,with 90%of the raw material capacity and 3 Mt annual output(4%of the total fertilizer production).Meta-analysis of over 900 trials(2014-2018)demonstrates stabilized fertilizers increase yields by 9.2%,nitrogen use efficiency by 11.2% and lower N2O emissions by 28.4% in staple crops.Field studies further reveal multifunctional benefits including 60% higher nitrogen efficiency,60% emission cuts,20%-50% fertilizer savings and enhanced climate resilience.To maximize impact,advancing technology innovation,refining application protocols and fostering cross-sector collaboration are critical.This paper provides strategic insights to accelerate China’s sustainable agriculture transition and global climate goals.展开更多
The objectives of this study were to apply statistical techniques to discriminate fertilization treatments of Eremanthus erythropappus（DC.） Mac Leish.through autoregressive modeling, and to develop individual tree m...The objectives of this study were to apply statistical techniques to discriminate fertilization treatments of Eremanthus erythropappus（DC.） Mac Leish.through autoregressive modeling, and to develop individual tree models for diameter and crown area（CA） projection to define management strategies for candeia plantations subjected to different fertilization treatments. This is an important tree species originating from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain forest and Savannah biomes, intensively used in the cosmetic industry. Nonetheless, to date, research has not addressed the management of natural stands or plantations of the species. Our experiment was located in Baependi, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and comprised of four randomized blocks and 13 treatments. The treatments consisted of 12 different regimes of fertilization plus a control. Each sample plot was composed of 50 plants plus two border plants in a planting spacing of 2.5 9 2.0 m and undergoing pruning at 5 and 6 years of age. Starting in the second year, total tree height（H） and circumference（at 1.30 m from the ground or breast height, CBH） were measured every 6 months. Starting in the fifth year CA was measured. Tree growth varied by fertilization strategy.Differences were detected by using an autoregressive approach, considering that standard statistical methods were not powerful enough to detect significant differences.Three growth groups were formed, and maximum growth was obtained for treatment 10（NPK, 8-28-16）. Management guidelines are provided based on individual tree models for different fertilization levels.展开更多
The success rate of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer is only about 28.5%.The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and assisted reproduction technology can effectively improve the pregnancy rate,which ...The success rate of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer is only about 28.5%.The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and assisted reproduction technology can effectively improve the pregnancy rate,which has good application prospect.However,there is no relevant record in traditional Chinese medicine.Unified diagnosis and treatment system has yet been established.According to many years of clinical experience,Professor Qi Cong summarized the treatment strategy of traditional Chinese medicine.Treatment of invigorating the spleen to nourish blood,reinforcing the spleen and kidney,tonifying the kidney and activating blood circulation,enriching the kidney to prevent miscarriage,cooling blood to stop bleeding are given based on the characteristics of each stage and patients'symptoms during the transplantation.Disease differentiation matters during intermittent stage.Besides,she advocated treating husband and wife together.All of the above are characterized by Chinese medicine concept of pre cultivating the loss,treating the same disease with different methods,and three categories of etiologic factors.展开更多
基金supported by the 14th Five-Year Plan Innovation Program of the Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ISSASIP2201)。
文摘Continuous cropping is a common pattern of modern agriculture that takes regional advantages for crop yield profits.Along the progress of mono-cropping continuously supported by intensive fertilizer inputs,such a cropping pattern often undergoes serious problems with low fertilizer use efficiencies and unsustainable crop production.In this study,we dealt with a>25-year continuous garlic cropping system as an example for a problem-solving investigation.These garlic cropping soils underwent problems characterized by loss of soil organic matter,dramatic retention of NH_(4)^(+)-N,and excess accumulation of phosphate and potash chemicals.Through hydroponic simulations,we revealed that the presence of NH_(4)^(+)-N inhibited the root uptake of NO_(3)^(-)-N and K by 68% and 88%,respectively.Despite the traditionally emphasized importance of K,we observed the negative effect of high K on the growth of garlic roots.Further field experiments demonstrated that P and K applications can be reduced by 60% and 50%,respectively,without loss of yield.We thus developed a high-performance fertilization strategy by integrating a recomposed NPK fertilizer formulation to reduce unnecessary P and K inputs,a supplementary application of long-lasting C of woody peat to compensate for the soil C loss,and a foliar K approach to strengthen the stomatal function improvement with K.This strategy allowed a 15% increase of garlic yield and a seasonal soil C profit of ca.1.8 Mg ha^(-1)even at ca.30% lower fertilizer cost.This study would be helpful in managing garlic fertilization and developing compound fertilizers,with broader significance for other long-term cropping soils.
文摘Stabilized fertilizers,enhanced with urease or nitrification inhibitors,have emerged as pivotal tools for China’s agricultural green transition,balancing crop productivity,resource efficiency,and environmental sustainability.Globally,Germany and other EU countries have pioneered inhibitor-integrated fertilizer policies,driving emission reductions.Despite China’s later start,breakthroughs in local production,diversified formulations(covering six major fertilizer categories)and standardized systems have positioned it as a global leader,with 90%of the raw material capacity and 3 Mt annual output(4%of the total fertilizer production).Meta-analysis of over 900 trials(2014-2018)demonstrates stabilized fertilizers increase yields by 9.2%,nitrogen use efficiency by 11.2% and lower N2O emissions by 28.4% in staple crops.Field studies further reveal multifunctional benefits including 60% higher nitrogen efficiency,60% emission cuts,20%-50% fertilizer savings and enhanced climate resilience.To maximize impact,advancing technology innovation,refining application protocols and fostering cross-sector collaboration are critical.This paper provides strategic insights to accelerate China’s sustainable agriculture transition and global climate goals.
基金supported by the Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES)the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)+3 种基金the Fundao de Amparo á Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais(FAPEMIG)the Instituto Estadual de Florestas(IEF)the Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovveis(IBAMA)Ministrio do Meio Ambiente(MMA)and Citróleo
文摘The objectives of this study were to apply statistical techniques to discriminate fertilization treatments of Eremanthus erythropappus（DC.） Mac Leish.through autoregressive modeling, and to develop individual tree models for diameter and crown area（CA） projection to define management strategies for candeia plantations subjected to different fertilization treatments. This is an important tree species originating from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain forest and Savannah biomes, intensively used in the cosmetic industry. Nonetheless, to date, research has not addressed the management of natural stands or plantations of the species. Our experiment was located in Baependi, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and comprised of four randomized blocks and 13 treatments. The treatments consisted of 12 different regimes of fertilization plus a control. Each sample plot was composed of 50 plants plus two border plants in a planting spacing of 2.5 9 2.0 m and undergoing pruning at 5 and 6 years of age. Starting in the second year, total tree height（H） and circumference（at 1.30 m from the ground or breast height, CBH） were measured every 6 months. Starting in the fifth year CA was measured. Tree growth varied by fertilization strategy.Differences were detected by using an autoregressive approach, considering that standard statistical methods were not powerful enough to detect significant differences.Three growth groups were formed, and maximum growth was obtained for treatment 10（NPK, 8-28-16）. Management guidelines are provided based on individual tree models for different fertilization levels.
基金Experts Qi cong's Academic Experience Laboratory of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.SZYMZYGZS4014)Shanghai Xinglin New Star project(No.2018-2020-RCPY-3012)。
文摘The success rate of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer is only about 28.5%.The combination of traditional Chinese medicine and assisted reproduction technology can effectively improve the pregnancy rate,which has good application prospect.However,there is no relevant record in traditional Chinese medicine.Unified diagnosis and treatment system has yet been established.According to many years of clinical experience,Professor Qi Cong summarized the treatment strategy of traditional Chinese medicine.Treatment of invigorating the spleen to nourish blood,reinforcing the spleen and kidney,tonifying the kidney and activating blood circulation,enriching the kidney to prevent miscarriage,cooling blood to stop bleeding are given based on the characteristics of each stage and patients'symptoms during the transplantation.Disease differentiation matters during intermittent stage.Besides,she advocated treating husband and wife together.All of the above are characterized by Chinese medicine concept of pre cultivating the loss,treating the same disease with different methods,and three categories of etiologic factors.
