摘要
研究土壤肥力主要指标的时空变化特征,可为土壤培肥对策制定与实施提供数据支撑。以整个河北平原为研究区域,利用2019—2024年河北平原区620个耕地质量监测点位的土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量以及pH值数据,通过定量分析和克里金空间插值分析,明确了近5 a河北平原区耕地土壤肥力的时空变化情况。结果表明:河北平原区2024年耕地土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别为19.1 g/kg、1.17 g/kg、29.9 mg/kg和184 mg/kg,较2019年分别提高0.8 g/kg、0.04 g/kg、5.6 mg/kg和5 mg/kg。总体来看,河北省平原区耕地土壤呈有机质含量相对偏低、全氮含量较高、有效磷含量不足、速效钾含量偏高的特征,区域土壤肥力整体呈上升态势,但空间分布异质性明显,其中有机质、全氮、有效磷等关键肥力指标的空间分异尤为显著。建议分类施策针对不同区域开展培肥管理、实施土壤有机质提升行动、推广化肥减量增效技术,为区域农业高质量发展打好坚实基础。
Studying the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of the main indicators of soil fertility can provide data support for the formulation and implementation of soil fertilization strategies.Taking the Hebei Plain as the research area,the spatial and temporal changes in soil fertility of cultivated soil in recent 5 years were clarified through quantitative analysis and Kriging spatial interpolation analysis,using soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium content,and pH value from 620 monitoring points for cultivated soil quality in the Hebei Plain m 2019 to 2024.The results showed that in 2024,the organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium contents in cultivated soil were 19.1 g/kg,1.17 g/kg,29.9 mg/kg,and 184 mg/kg,respectively,which in creased by 0.8 g/kg,0.04 g/kg,5.6 mg/kg,and 5 mg/kg compared to 2019.Overall,the cultivated soil in Hebei Plain is characterized by relatively low organic matter content,high total nitrogen content,insufficient available phosphorus content,and high available potassium content.The regional soil fertility is generally on the rise,but the spatial distribution heterogeneity is significant,with key fertility indicators such as organic matter,total nitrogen,and available phosphorus showing particularly significant spatial differentiation.It is recommended to implement classified policies for different regions to carry out fertilizer management,implement actions to improve soil organic matter,and promote technologies for reducing fertilizers and increasing efficiency,in order to lay a solid foundation for the high-quality development of regional agriculture.
作者
封乾
杨慧敏
黄少辉
贾良良
宋会明
韩宝文
刘克桐
FENG Qian;YANG Hui-min;HUANG Shao-hui;JIA Liang-liang;SONG Hui-ming;HAN Bao-wen;LIU Ke-tong(Hebei Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Protection Center,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)
出处
《河北农业科学》
2025年第1期36-42,89,共8页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901001)
河北省农业农村厅科技成果推广项目“小麦玉米耕地地力监测与高产调控技术”(冀农科20015)。
关键词
耕地
土壤肥力
时空变化
培肥对策
河北平原区
Cultivated soil
Soil fertility
Spatial and temporal changes
Fertilization strategies
Hebei Plain area
