The application of digital photogrammetry to measure distribution of tree positions with stereo image couple is introduced in detail, and the procedure of stereo vision applied in forestry environment is explored. Non...The application of digital photogrammetry to measure distribution of tree positions with stereo image couple is introduced in detail, and the procedure of stereo vision applied in forestry environment is explored. Nonlinear error in measure model is adopted in the camera calibration; the interactive correlation matching is used under constraint of epipolar line and edge of tree detected by Canny operator. Results prove that application of digital photogrammetry technology to measure distribution of tree positions can meet demand of precision in experimental conditions.展开更多
Lack of efficiency in the initial key generation process is a serious shortcoming of Merkle tree signature scheme with a large number of possible signatures. Based on two kinds of Merkle trees, a new tree type signatu...Lack of efficiency in the initial key generation process is a serious shortcoming of Merkle tree signature scheme with a large number of possible signatures. Based on two kinds of Merkle trees, a new tree type signature scheme is constructed, and it is provably existentially unforgeable under adaptive chosen message attack. By decentralizing the initial key generation process of the original scheme within the signature process, a large Merkle tree with 6.87×10^10 possible signatures can be initialized in 590 milliseconds. Storing some small Merkle trees in hard disk and memory can speed up Merkle tree signature scheme. Mekle tree signature schemes are fit for trusted computing platform in most scenarios.展开更多
A difficult problem in forestry is tree inventory.In this study, a GoProHero attached to a small unmanned aerial vehicle was used to capture images of a small area covered by pinus pinea trees. Then, a digital surface...A difficult problem in forestry is tree inventory.In this study, a GoProHero attached to a small unmanned aerial vehicle was used to capture images of a small area covered by pinus pinea trees. Then, a digital surface model was generated with image matching. The elevation model representing the terrain surface, a ‘digital terrain model’,was extracted from the digital surface model using morphological filtering. Individual trees were extracted by analyzing elevation flow on the digital elevation model because the elevation reached the highest value on the tree peaks compared to the neighborhood elevation pixels. The quality of the results was assessed by comparison with reference data for correctness of the estimated number of trees. The tree heights were calculated and evaluated with ground truth dataset. The results showed 80% correctness and 90% completeness.展开更多
Information hiding schemes based on vector quantization （VQ） usually require lengthy VQ encoding and decoding processes. In this paper, we propose an efficient information hiding method based on closest paired tree ...Information hiding schemes based on vector quantization （VQ） usually require lengthy VQ encoding and decoding processes. In this paper, we propose an efficient information hiding method based on closest paired tree structure vector quantization （CPTSVQ）. The simulation result shows that the execution time of the proposed scheme is much shorter than that attained by previous approaches.展开更多
On the platform of the Deep-time Digital Earth Program(DDE),sedimentary data are essential for achieving its scientific objectives.These data will take stratigraphic units as their core data carrier,for quantitative o...On the platform of the Deep-time Digital Earth Program(DDE),sedimentary data are essential for achieving its scientific objectives.These data will take stratigraphic units as their core data carrier,for quantitative or qualitative data analysis.The DDE Sedimentary Data Group is responsible for the management of the sedimentary data on the DDE platform and has now developed into a group of nearly 40 disciplinary experts.展开更多
To build any spatial soil database, a set of environmental data including digital elevation model(DEM) and satellite images beside geomorphic landscape description are essentials. Such a database, integrates field obs...To build any spatial soil database, a set of environmental data including digital elevation model(DEM) and satellite images beside geomorphic landscape description are essentials. Such a database, integrates field observations and laboratory analyses data with the results obtained from qualitative and quantitative models. So far, various techniques have been developed for soil data processing. The performance of Artificial Neural Network(ANN) and Decision Tree(DT) models was compared to map out some soil attributes in Alborz Province, Iran. Terrain attributes derived from a DEM along with Landsat 8 ETM+, geomorphology map, and the routine laboratory analyses of the studied area were used as input data. The relationships between soil properties(including sand, silt, clay, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, and carbonates) and the environmental variables were assessed using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Principle Components Analysis. Slope, elevation, geomforms, carbonate index, stream network, wetness index, and the band’s number 2, 3, 4, and 5 were the most significantly correlated variables. ANN and DT did not show the same accuracy in predicting all parameters. The DT model showed higher performances in estimating sand(R^2=0.73), silt(R^2=0.70), clay(R^2=0.72), organic carbon(R^2=0.71), and carbonates(R^2=0.70). While the ANN model only showed higher performance in predicting soil electrical conductivity(R^2=0.95). The results showed that determination the best model to use, is dependent upon the relation between the considered soil properties with the environmental variables. However, the DT model showed more reasonable results than the ANN model in this study. The results showed that before using a certain model to predict variability of all soil parameters, it would be better to evaluate the efficiency of all possible models for choosing the best fitted model for each property. In other words, most of the developed models are sitespecific and may not be applicable to use for predicting other soil properties or other area.展开更多
随着超大规模集成电路(Very Large Scale Integration Circuit,VLSI)制造工艺的快速发展以及其对应集成度的不断提高,数字集成电路的设计迎来了许多挑战。时钟树综合是数字后端设计的重要部分,现有的时钟树综合算法开始面临迭代效率变...随着超大规模集成电路(Very Large Scale Integration Circuit,VLSI)制造工艺的快速发展以及其对应集成度的不断提高,数字集成电路的设计迎来了许多挑战。时钟树综合是数字后端设计的重要部分,现有的时钟树综合算法开始面临迭代效率变低和收敛速度变慢的问题。因此,提出了一种同步并发时钟树分级聚类算法(Synchronous Clock-tree Hierarchical Partitioning and Clustering,SC-HPC)。从系统优化的角度出发,SC-HPC将原始的寄存器聚类过程转化为粗聚类和细聚类两步。粗聚类将布局完成的寄存器分为N大簇群,进一步把N个簇的细化任务分配给用户可调度的线程中进行加速处理。细聚类是根据缓冲器最大扇出的规则进行更加细致地划分寄存器。实验结果表明,相较于现有方法,SC-HPC算法降低了缓冲器数量(30%以上)和程序运行时长(20%以上)。展开更多
单木分割在森林结构分析、林木参数提取以及森林生物量反演中具有重要作用。激光雷达(Light Detection and Ranging,LiDAR)作为一种低成本、高效率的数据源,为森林单木分割研究提供了坚实的数据基础。目前的单木分割研究主要集中在结构...单木分割在森林结构分析、林木参数提取以及森林生物量反演中具有重要作用。激光雷达(Light Detection and Ranging,LiDAR)作为一种低成本、高效率的数据源,为森林单木分割研究提供了坚实的数据基础。目前的单木分割研究主要集中在结构较为简单的森林区域,通常通过考虑点云之间的空间关系,制定合适的判别准则来实现单木的分割。然而,针对结构复杂的森林,现有的单木分割算法研究相对较少。提出了一种融合核密度估计、数字表面模型和K-means聚类等方法的单木分割算法。研究结果表明:以甘肃省甘南藏族自治区为研究区,对西北云杉林进行单木分割时,该方法能够显著提高人工云杉林与天然云杉林的分割精度。与传统的K-means聚类单木分割算法相比,该方法的整体棵数查全率分别提高了32%和15%,查准率分别提高了51%和27%,分别达到了83%和89%的查全率,以及92%和55%的查准率。这一方法为机载LiDAR在森林生态应用中的进一步应用提供了新的技术支持,特别为复杂林型结构中的单木分割问题提供了一种高效、简便的解决方案。展开更多
计算效率低一直以来都是SPH方法(光滑粒子流体动力学方法)发展过程中面临的技术难题,而变光滑长度SPH方法既可以提高粒子非均匀分布时核函数计算精度,又能保证邻近粒子相互作用的对称匹配,因此对提高计算效率十分有益。本文采用空间变...计算效率低一直以来都是SPH方法(光滑粒子流体动力学方法)发展过程中面临的技术难题,而变光滑长度SPH方法既可以提高粒子非均匀分布时核函数计算精度,又能保证邻近粒子相互作用的对称匹配,因此对提高计算效率十分有益。本文采用空间变光滑长度SPH方法,并提出了一种新型的高效、高鲁棒性搜索方法,即平衡型树形搜索法(balanced alternative digital tree search algorithm,B-ADT),开展了二维楔形体入水冲击问题的应用研究,模拟结果显示文中所采用的空间变光滑长度SPH方法和平衡型树形搜索法,在保证计算精度的情况下,可以有效提高计算效率,这为下一步开展复杂工程应用打下重要基础。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundationof China (Grant No. 30271079)
文摘The application of digital photogrammetry to measure distribution of tree positions with stereo image couple is introduced in detail, and the procedure of stereo vision applied in forestry environment is explored. Nonlinear error in measure model is adopted in the camera calibration; the interactive correlation matching is used under constraint of epipolar line and edge of tree detected by Canny operator. Results prove that application of digital photogrammetry technology to measure distribution of tree positions can meet demand of precision in experimental conditions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (60403027)
文摘Lack of efficiency in the initial key generation process is a serious shortcoming of Merkle tree signature scheme with a large number of possible signatures. Based on two kinds of Merkle trees, a new tree type signature scheme is constructed, and it is provably existentially unforgeable under adaptive chosen message attack. By decentralizing the initial key generation process of the original scheme within the signature process, a large Merkle tree with 6.87×10^10 possible signatures can be initialized in 590 milliseconds. Storing some small Merkle trees in hard disk and memory can speed up Merkle tree signature scheme. Mekle tree signature schemes are fit for trusted computing platform in most scenarios.
基金financially supported by the scientific research projects coordination unit of Akdeniz University,Project No.FBA-2015-446
文摘A difficult problem in forestry is tree inventory.In this study, a GoProHero attached to a small unmanned aerial vehicle was used to capture images of a small area covered by pinus pinea trees. Then, a digital surface model was generated with image matching. The elevation model representing the terrain surface, a ‘digital terrain model’,was extracted from the digital surface model using morphological filtering. Individual trees were extracted by analyzing elevation flow on the digital elevation model because the elevation reached the highest value on the tree peaks compared to the neighborhood elevation pixels. The quality of the results was assessed by comparison with reference data for correctness of the estimated number of trees. The tree heights were calculated and evaluated with ground truth dataset. The results showed 80% correctness and 90% completeness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60133012 and No.661272374
文摘Information hiding schemes based on vector quantization （VQ） usually require lengthy VQ encoding and decoding processes. In this paper, we propose an efficient information hiding method based on closest paired tree structure vector quantization （CPTSVQ）. The simulation result shows that the execution time of the proposed scheme is much shorter than that attained by previous approaches.
文摘On the platform of the Deep-time Digital Earth Program(DDE),sedimentary data are essential for achieving its scientific objectives.These data will take stratigraphic units as their core data carrier,for quantitative or qualitative data analysis.The DDE Sedimentary Data Group is responsible for the management of the sedimentary data on the DDE platform and has now developed into a group of nearly 40 disciplinary experts.
基金College of Agriculture and Natural Resources,University of Tehran for financial support of the study(Grant No.7104017/6/24 and 28)
文摘To build any spatial soil database, a set of environmental data including digital elevation model(DEM) and satellite images beside geomorphic landscape description are essentials. Such a database, integrates field observations and laboratory analyses data with the results obtained from qualitative and quantitative models. So far, various techniques have been developed for soil data processing. The performance of Artificial Neural Network(ANN) and Decision Tree(DT) models was compared to map out some soil attributes in Alborz Province, Iran. Terrain attributes derived from a DEM along with Landsat 8 ETM+, geomorphology map, and the routine laboratory analyses of the studied area were used as input data. The relationships between soil properties(including sand, silt, clay, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, and carbonates) and the environmental variables were assessed using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Principle Components Analysis. Slope, elevation, geomforms, carbonate index, stream network, wetness index, and the band’s number 2, 3, 4, and 5 were the most significantly correlated variables. ANN and DT did not show the same accuracy in predicting all parameters. The DT model showed higher performances in estimating sand(R^2=0.73), silt(R^2=0.70), clay(R^2=0.72), organic carbon(R^2=0.71), and carbonates(R^2=0.70). While the ANN model only showed higher performance in predicting soil electrical conductivity(R^2=0.95). The results showed that determination the best model to use, is dependent upon the relation between the considered soil properties with the environmental variables. However, the DT model showed more reasonable results than the ANN model in this study. The results showed that before using a certain model to predict variability of all soil parameters, it would be better to evaluate the efficiency of all possible models for choosing the best fitted model for each property. In other words, most of the developed models are sitespecific and may not be applicable to use for predicting other soil properties or other area.
文摘随着超大规模集成电路(Very Large Scale Integration Circuit,VLSI)制造工艺的快速发展以及其对应集成度的不断提高,数字集成电路的设计迎来了许多挑战。时钟树综合是数字后端设计的重要部分,现有的时钟树综合算法开始面临迭代效率变低和收敛速度变慢的问题。因此,提出了一种同步并发时钟树分级聚类算法(Synchronous Clock-tree Hierarchical Partitioning and Clustering,SC-HPC)。从系统优化的角度出发,SC-HPC将原始的寄存器聚类过程转化为粗聚类和细聚类两步。粗聚类将布局完成的寄存器分为N大簇群,进一步把N个簇的细化任务分配给用户可调度的线程中进行加速处理。细聚类是根据缓冲器最大扇出的规则进行更加细致地划分寄存器。实验结果表明,相较于现有方法,SC-HPC算法降低了缓冲器数量(30%以上)和程序运行时长(20%以上)。
文摘单木分割在森林结构分析、林木参数提取以及森林生物量反演中具有重要作用。激光雷达(Light Detection and Ranging,LiDAR)作为一种低成本、高效率的数据源,为森林单木分割研究提供了坚实的数据基础。目前的单木分割研究主要集中在结构较为简单的森林区域,通常通过考虑点云之间的空间关系,制定合适的判别准则来实现单木的分割。然而,针对结构复杂的森林,现有的单木分割算法研究相对较少。提出了一种融合核密度估计、数字表面模型和K-means聚类等方法的单木分割算法。研究结果表明:以甘肃省甘南藏族自治区为研究区,对西北云杉林进行单木分割时,该方法能够显著提高人工云杉林与天然云杉林的分割精度。与传统的K-means聚类单木分割算法相比,该方法的整体棵数查全率分别提高了32%和15%,查准率分别提高了51%和27%,分别达到了83%和89%的查全率,以及92%和55%的查准率。这一方法为机载LiDAR在森林生态应用中的进一步应用提供了新的技术支持,特别为复杂林型结构中的单木分割问题提供了一种高效、简便的解决方案。
文摘计算效率低一直以来都是SPH方法(光滑粒子流体动力学方法)发展过程中面临的技术难题,而变光滑长度SPH方法既可以提高粒子非均匀分布时核函数计算精度,又能保证邻近粒子相互作用的对称匹配,因此对提高计算效率十分有益。本文采用空间变光滑长度SPH方法,并提出了一种新型的高效、高鲁棒性搜索方法,即平衡型树形搜索法(balanced alternative digital tree search algorithm,B-ADT),开展了二维楔形体入水冲击问题的应用研究,模拟结果显示文中所采用的空间变光滑长度SPH方法和平衡型树形搜索法,在保证计算精度的情况下,可以有效提高计算效率,这为下一步开展复杂工程应用打下重要基础。
