Interspecific killing is a primary reason for the low survival rates of some animal species. The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an altricial eutherian mammal and thus, in comparison to other infants, panda cub...Interspecific killing is a primary reason for the low survival rates of some animal species. The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an altricial eutherian mammal and thus, in comparison to other infants, panda cubs are highly vulnerable, which may significantly influence the selection of breeding sites by females. Here, we used infrared camera traps to monitor giant panda dens for 5.5 years in Foping National Nature Reserve(FNNR) to determine how interspecific factors affect den selection by wild female pandas. Results indicated that Asian black bears(Ursus thibetanus), yellow-throated martens(Martes flavigula), leopard cats(Prionailurus bengalensis), and masked palm civets(Paguma larvata) visited the dens frequently, and the presence of these species negatively influenced den selection by female pandas. Interestingly, the presence of rodents and terrestrial birds appeared to indicate den safety, and female giant pandas were not averse and even preferred dens with a high abundance index of rodents and terrestrial birds. The den suitability index(DSI) was a reliable tool for evaluating whether dens were suitable for female giant pandas to give birth to and rear cubs, with preference for dens with high DSI values. This study increases our understanding of the den selection criteria of female giant pandas and the main threats to the survival of their cubs,thus providing important guidance for the conservation and management of this species.展开更多
BACKGROUND Invaginated teeth pose greater challenges in clinical management because of their complex configuration.With advancements in equipment and materials,such as the dental operation microscope,cone-beam compute...BACKGROUND Invaginated teeth pose greater challenges in clinical management because of their complex configuration.With advancements in equipment and materials,such as the dental operation microscope,cone-beam computed tomography and mineral trioxide aggregate,the preservation rate of type Ⅲ dens invaginatus could be greatly increased.CASE SUMMARY This case report presented a 31-year-old woman with complaints of spontaneous swelling and pain in the right maxillary lateral tooth.With the aid of cone-beam computed tomography,type Ⅲ dens invaginatus with apical periodontitis was diagnosed and confirmed.Three-visit endodontic treatment was performed.In the first visit,the invagination was carefully removed under the dental operation microscope,and chemomechanical preparation was done.In the second visit,mineral trioxide aggregate apical barrier surgery was performed in this tooth.In the third visit,the canal was finally obturated with thermoplastic gutta-percha to recover the crown morphology.A 26-mo follow-up revealed a satisfied outcome both in the radiographic and oral examinations.CONCLUSION In this case,removal of the entire abnormal structure provided great convenience for the follow-up treatment.When confronted with the same clinical case in the future,we can take a similar approach to address it.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of a new immunotherapy using both α-Gal epitope-pulsed dendritic cells （DCs） and cytokine-induced killer cells. METHODS： Freshly collected hepatocellular carcino...AIM： To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of a new immunotherapy using both α-Gal epitope-pulsed dendritic cells （DCs） and cytokine-induced killer cells. METHODS： Freshly collected hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） tumor tissues were incubated with a mixture of neuraminidase and recombinant αl,3-galactosyltrans- ferase （αI,3GT） to synthesize α-Gal epitopes on car- bohydrate chains of the glycoproteins of tumor mem- branes. The subsequent incubation of the processed membranes in the presence of human natural anti-Gal IgG resulted in the effective phagocytosis to the tumor membrane by DCs. Eighteen patients aged 38-78 years with stage 111 primary HCC were randomly chosen for the study; 9 patients served as controls, and 9 patients were enrolled in the study group.RESULTS： The evaluation demonstrated that the pro- cedure was safe; no serious side effects or autoimmune diseases were observed. The therapy significantly pro- longed the survival of treated patients as compared with the controls （17.1 ± 2.01 mo vs 10.1 ±4.5 mo, P = 0.00121）. After treatment, all patients in the study group had positive delayed hypersensitivity and robust systemic cytotoxicity in response to tumor lysate as measured by interferon-y-expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay. They also displayed increased numbers of CD8-, CD45RO- and CD56-positive cells in the peripheral blood and decreased α-fetoprotein level in the se- rum. CONCLUSION： This new tumor-specific immunotherapy is safe, effective and has a great potential for the treat- ment of tumors.展开更多
目的:观察不同浓度重组高迁移率族蛋白1(recombination high mobility group box protein 1,r HMGB1)对DEN2感染鼠源单核巨噬细胞Ana-1分泌TNF-α、NO及DEN复制的影响。方法:直接免疫荧光法鉴定DEN2吸附Ana-1细胞;qRTPCR检测不同时间胞...目的:观察不同浓度重组高迁移率族蛋白1(recombination high mobility group box protein 1,r HMGB1)对DEN2感染鼠源单核巨噬细胞Ana-1分泌TNF-α、NO及DEN复制的影响。方法:直接免疫荧光法鉴定DEN2吸附Ana-1细胞;qRTPCR检测不同时间胞内病毒载量变化;双抗体夹心ELISA法检测感染不同时间TNF-α的分泌水平,Griess试剂检测细胞释放NO变化。结果:不同剂量r HMGB1处理Ana-1细胞后,对DEN2感染细胞的病毒抑制率(%)分别为41.53±2.12﹑55.30±1.59﹑74.75±1.12﹑86.35±1.42,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。r HMGB1处理后,感染细胞分泌TNF-α和NO水平均有所下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:r HMGB1可有效调节DEN2感染Ana-1细胞的TNF-α和NO分泌,并抑制DEN2的增殖。展开更多
目的:揭示肝癌诱发过程中肝组织基因表达谱的演变,为中医药防治原发性肝癌提供参考。方法:采用DEN诱发大鼠肝癌,分别于诱癌的第4周、8周、16周、20周(肝癌形成)切取肝(合肝癌)组织,常规提取RNA,Affymetrix Rat 230A GeneChip及技术检测...目的:揭示肝癌诱发过程中肝组织基因表达谱的演变,为中医药防治原发性肝癌提供参考。方法:采用DEN诱发大鼠肝癌,分别于诱癌的第4周、8周、16周、20周(肝癌形成)切取肝(合肝癌)组织,常规提取RNA,Affymetrix Rat 230A GeneChip及技术检测大鼠肝组织基因表达的差异和演变。结果:在芯片的15710个基因中,正常组有9225个基因表达,诱癌4周表达增至9396个,8周增至9872个,16周增至10496个,20周有10420个。在肝癌诱发过程中,存在大量基因表达的消长以及高表达基因数的增加,其中部分已知基因的结果。结论:DEN诱发大鼠肝癌过程中基因组变化是十分复杂的,而且文献追踪表明,国内外对在这些基因的功能及其与肝癌发生、发展的关系大多不明确。因此,如何逐一找到那些起着关键作用的基因,进一步阐释其在肝癌的发生、发展和转归中的作用,及其与中医证候演变和相应治法的关系,是今后中医基础理论实验研究的重要方向。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31622012)Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDB-SSW-SMC047)。
文摘Interspecific killing is a primary reason for the low survival rates of some animal species. The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an altricial eutherian mammal and thus, in comparison to other infants, panda cubs are highly vulnerable, which may significantly influence the selection of breeding sites by females. Here, we used infrared camera traps to monitor giant panda dens for 5.5 years in Foping National Nature Reserve(FNNR) to determine how interspecific factors affect den selection by wild female pandas. Results indicated that Asian black bears(Ursus thibetanus), yellow-throated martens(Martes flavigula), leopard cats(Prionailurus bengalensis), and masked palm civets(Paguma larvata) visited the dens frequently, and the presence of these species negatively influenced den selection by female pandas. Interestingly, the presence of rodents and terrestrial birds appeared to indicate den safety, and female giant pandas were not averse and even preferred dens with a high abundance index of rodents and terrestrial birds. The den suitability index(DSI) was a reliable tool for evaluating whether dens were suitable for female giant pandas to give birth to and rear cubs, with preference for dens with high DSI values. This study increases our understanding of the den selection criteria of female giant pandas and the main threats to the survival of their cubs,thus providing important guidance for the conservation and management of this species.
基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,No.PAPD2018-87.
文摘BACKGROUND Invaginated teeth pose greater challenges in clinical management because of their complex configuration.With advancements in equipment and materials,such as the dental operation microscope,cone-beam computed tomography and mineral trioxide aggregate,the preservation rate of type Ⅲ dens invaginatus could be greatly increased.CASE SUMMARY This case report presented a 31-year-old woman with complaints of spontaneous swelling and pain in the right maxillary lateral tooth.With the aid of cone-beam computed tomography,type Ⅲ dens invaginatus with apical periodontitis was diagnosed and confirmed.Three-visit endodontic treatment was performed.In the first visit,the invagination was carefully removed under the dental operation microscope,and chemomechanical preparation was done.In the second visit,mineral trioxide aggregate apical barrier surgery was performed in this tooth.In the third visit,the canal was finally obturated with thermoplastic gutta-percha to recover the crown morphology.A 26-mo follow-up revealed a satisfied outcome both in the radiographic and oral examinations.CONCLUSION In this case,removal of the entire abnormal structure provided great convenience for the follow-up treatment.When confronted with the same clinical case in the future,we can take a similar approach to address it.
基金Supported by Hong Kong Wang Kuan Cheng GrantInner Mongolia Stem Cell Grant, No. kjk10jhg
文摘AIM： To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of a new immunotherapy using both α-Gal epitope-pulsed dendritic cells （DCs） and cytokine-induced killer cells. METHODS： Freshly collected hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） tumor tissues were incubated with a mixture of neuraminidase and recombinant αl,3-galactosyltrans- ferase （αI,3GT） to synthesize α-Gal epitopes on car- bohydrate chains of the glycoproteins of tumor mem- branes. The subsequent incubation of the processed membranes in the presence of human natural anti-Gal IgG resulted in the effective phagocytosis to the tumor membrane by DCs. Eighteen patients aged 38-78 years with stage 111 primary HCC were randomly chosen for the study; 9 patients served as controls, and 9 patients were enrolled in the study group.RESULTS： The evaluation demonstrated that the pro- cedure was safe; no serious side effects or autoimmune diseases were observed. The therapy significantly pro- longed the survival of treated patients as compared with the controls （17.1 ± 2.01 mo vs 10.1 ±4.5 mo, P = 0.00121）. After treatment, all patients in the study group had positive delayed hypersensitivity and robust systemic cytotoxicity in response to tumor lysate as measured by interferon-y-expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay. They also displayed increased numbers of CD8-, CD45RO- and CD56-positive cells in the peripheral blood and decreased α-fetoprotein level in the se- rum. CONCLUSION： This new tumor-specific immunotherapy is safe, effective and has a great potential for the treat- ment of tumors.
文摘目的:观察不同浓度重组高迁移率族蛋白1(recombination high mobility group box protein 1,r HMGB1)对DEN2感染鼠源单核巨噬细胞Ana-1分泌TNF-α、NO及DEN复制的影响。方法:直接免疫荧光法鉴定DEN2吸附Ana-1细胞;qRTPCR检测不同时间胞内病毒载量变化;双抗体夹心ELISA法检测感染不同时间TNF-α的分泌水平,Griess试剂检测细胞释放NO变化。结果:不同剂量r HMGB1处理Ana-1细胞后,对DEN2感染细胞的病毒抑制率(%)分别为41.53±2.12﹑55.30±1.59﹑74.75±1.12﹑86.35±1.42,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。r HMGB1处理后,感染细胞分泌TNF-α和NO水平均有所下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:r HMGB1可有效调节DEN2感染Ana-1细胞的TNF-α和NO分泌,并抑制DEN2的增殖。
文摘目的:揭示肝癌诱发过程中肝组织基因表达谱的演变,为中医药防治原发性肝癌提供参考。方法:采用DEN诱发大鼠肝癌,分别于诱癌的第4周、8周、16周、20周(肝癌形成)切取肝(合肝癌)组织,常规提取RNA,Affymetrix Rat 230A GeneChip及技术检测大鼠肝组织基因表达的差异和演变。结果:在芯片的15710个基因中,正常组有9225个基因表达,诱癌4周表达增至9396个,8周增至9872个,16周增至10496个,20周有10420个。在肝癌诱发过程中,存在大量基因表达的消长以及高表达基因数的增加,其中部分已知基因的结果。结论:DEN诱发大鼠肝癌过程中基因组变化是十分复杂的,而且文献追踪表明,国内外对在这些基因的功能及其与肝癌发生、发展的关系大多不明确。因此,如何逐一找到那些起着关键作用的基因,进一步阐释其在肝癌的发生、发展和转归中的作用,及其与中医证候演变和相应治法的关系,是今后中医基础理论实验研究的重要方向。
