To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that ...To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that integrates the laddered carbon trading mechanism with demand response.Firstly,a dual dimensional DR model is constructed based on the characteristics of load elasticity.The alternativeDRenables flexible substitution of energy loads through complementary conversion of electricity/heat/cold multi-energy sources,while the price DR relies on timeof-use electricity price signals to guide load spatiotemporal migration;Secondly,the LCT mechanism is introduced to achieve optimal carbon emission costs through a tiered carbon quota allocation mechanism.On this basis,an optimization decision model is established with the core objective of maximizing the annual net profit of the park.The objective function takes into account energy sales revenue,generator unit costs,and investment and operation costs of multiple types of energy storage facilities.Themodel constraint system covers three key dimensions:dynamic operation constraints of power generation units,including unit output limits,ramping capability,and minimum start-stop time;the physical boundary of an electric/hot/cold multi-energy storage system involves energy storage capacity and charge/discharge efficiency;The multi-energy network coupling balance equation ensures that the energy conversion and transmission process satisfies the law of conservation of energy.Using CPLEX mathematical programming solver for simulation verification,construct an energy storage capacity configuration decision process that includes LCT-DR synergistic effect.The research results show that compared with the traditional single energy storage configuration mode,this strategy effectively enhances the economic feasibility and engineering practicality of industrial park operation by coordinating demand side resource scheduling and finely controlling carbon costs,while maintaining stable system operation.Its methodological framework provides a technical path that combines theoretical rigor and practical operability for the low-carbon transformation of regional integrated energy systems.展开更多
The demand response(DR)market,as a vital complement to the electricity spot market,plays a key role in evoking user-side regulation capability to mitigate system-level supply‒demand imbalances during extreme events.Wh...The demand response(DR)market,as a vital complement to the electricity spot market,plays a key role in evoking user-side regulation capability to mitigate system-level supply‒demand imbalances during extreme events.While the DR market offers the load aggregator(LA)additional profitable opportunities beyond the electricity spot market,it also introduces new trading risks due to the significant uncertainty in users’behaviors.Dispatching energy storage systems(ESSs)is an effective means to enhance the risk management capabilities of LAs;however,coordinating ESS operations with dual-market trading strategies remains an urgent challenge.To this end,this paper proposes a novel systematic risk-aware coordinated trading model for the LA in concurrently participating in the day-ahead electricity spot market and DR market,which incorporates the capacity allocation mechanism of ESS based on market clearing rules to jointly formulate bidding and pricing decisions for the dual market.First,the intrinsic coupling characteristics of the LA participating in the dual market are analyzed,and a joint optimization framework for formulating bidding and pricing strategies that integrates ESS facilities is proposed.Second,an uncertain user response model is developed based on price‒response mechanisms,and actual market settlement rules accounting for under-and over-responses are employed to calculate trading revenues,where possible revenue losses are quantified via conditional value at risk.Third,by imposing these terms and the capacity allocation mechanism of ESS,the risk-aware stochastic coordinated trading model of the LA is built,where the bidding and pricing strategies in the dual model that trade off risk and profit are derived.The simulation results of a case study validate the effectiveness of the proposed trading strategy in controlling trading risk and improving the trading income of the LA.展开更多
In contemporary power systems,delving into the flexible regulation potential of demand-side resources is of paramount significance for the efficient operation of power grids.This research puts forward an innovative mu...In contemporary power systems,delving into the flexible regulation potential of demand-side resources is of paramount significance for the efficient operation of power grids.This research puts forward an innovative multivariate flexible load aggregation control approach that takes dynamic demand response into full consideration.In the initial stage,using generalized time-domain aggregation modelling for a wide array of heterogeneous flexible loads,including temperature-controlled loads,electric vehicles,and energy storage devices,a novel calculation method for their maximum adjustable capacities is devised.Distinct from conventional methods,this newly developed approach enables more precise and adaptable quantification of the load-adjusting capabilities,thereby enhancing the accuracy and flexibility of demand-side resource management.Subsequently,an SSA-BiLSTM flexible load classification prediction model is established.This model represents an innovative application in the field,effectively combining the advantages of the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)and the Bidirectional Long-Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM)neural network.Furthermore,a parallel Markov chain is introduced to evaluate the switching state transfer probability of flexible loads accurately.This integration allows for a more refined determination of the maximum response capacity range of the flexible load aggregator,significantly improving the precision of capacity assessment compared to existing methods.Finally,in consonance with the intra-day scheduling plan,a newly developed diffuse filling algorithm is implemented to control the activation times of flexible loads precisely,thus achieving real-time dynamic demand response.Through in-depth case analysis and comprehensive comparative studies,the effectiveness of the proposed method is convincingly validated.With its innovative techniques and enhanced performance,it is demonstrated that this method has the potential to substantially enhance the utilization efficiency of demand-side resources in power systems,providing a novel and effective solution for optimizing power grid operation and demand-side management.展开更多
The integration of substantial renewable energy and controllable resources disrupts the supply-demand balance in distribution grids.Secure operations are dependent on the participation of user-side resources in demand...The integration of substantial renewable energy and controllable resources disrupts the supply-demand balance in distribution grids.Secure operations are dependent on the participation of user-side resources in demand response at both the day-ahead and intraday levels.Current studies typically overlook the spatial--temporal variations and coordination between these timescales,leading to significant day-ahead optimization errors,high intraday costs,and slow convergence.To address these challenges,we developed a multiagent,multitimescale aggregated regulation method for spatial--temporal coordinated demand response of user-side resources.Firstly,we established a framework considering the spatial--temporal coordinated characteristics of user-side resources with the objective to min-imize the total regulation cost and weighted sum of distribution grid losses.The optimization problem was then solved for two different timescales:day-ahead and intraday.For the day-ahead timescale,we developed an improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO)algo-rithm that dynamically adjusts the number of particles based on intraday outcomes to optimize the regulation strategies.For the intraday timescale,we developed an improved alternating direction method of multipliers(IADMM)algorithm that distributes tasks across edge distribution stations,dynamically adjusting penalty factors by using historical day-ahead data to synchronize the regulations and enhance precision.The simulation results indicate that this method can fully achieve multitimescale spatial--temporal coordinated aggregated reg-ulation between day-ahead and intraday,effectively reduce the total regulation cost and distribution grid losses,and enhance smart grid resilience.展开更多
Addressing climate change and facilitating the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)have driven the development of hydrogen-coupled integrated energy systems(HIES),which enhance energy sustainabili...Addressing climate change and facilitating the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)have driven the development of hydrogen-coupled integrated energy systems(HIES),which enhance energy sustainability through coordinated electricity,thermal,natural gas,and hydrogen utilization.This study proposes a two-stage distributionally robust optimization(DRO)-based scheduling method to improve the economic efficiency and reduce carbon emissions of HIES.The framework incorporates a ladder-type carbon trading mechanism to regulate emissions and implements a demand response(DR)program to adjustflexible multi-energy loads,thereby prioritizing RES consumption.Uncertainties from RES generation and load demand are addressed through an ambiguity set,enabling robust decision-making.The column-and-constraint generation(C&CG)algorithm efficiently solves the two-stage DRO model.Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method reduces operational costs by 3.56%,increases photovoltaic consumption rates by 5.44%,and significantly lowers carbon emissions compared to conventional approaches.Furthermore,the DRO framework achieves a superior balance between conservativeness and robustness over conventional stochastic and robust optimization methods,highlighting its potential to advance cost-effective,low-carbon energy systems while ensuring grid stability under uncertainty.展开更多
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)has significantly increased the computational load on data centers.AI-related computational activities consume considerable electricity and result in substantial car...The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)has significantly increased the computational load on data centers.AI-related computational activities consume considerable electricity and result in substantial carbon emissions.To mitigate these emissions,future data centers should be strategically planned and operated to fully utilize renewable energy resources while meeting growing computational demands.This paper aims to investigate how much carbon emission reduction can be achieved by using a carbonoriented demand response to guide the optimal planning and operation of data centers.A carbon-oriented data center planning model is proposed that considers the carbon-oriented demand response of the AI load.In the planning model,future operation simulations comprehensively coordinate the temporal‒spatial flexibility of computational loads and the quality of service(QoS).An empirical study based on the proposed models is conducted on real-world data from China.The results from the empirical analysis show that newly constructed data centers are recommended to be built in Gansu Province,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Sichuan Province,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and Qinghai Province,accounting for 57%of the total national increase in server capacity.33%of the computational load from Eastern China should be transferred to the West,which could reduce the overall load carbon emissions by 26%.展开更多
Traditional demand response(DR)programs for energy-intensive industries(EIIs)primarily rely on electricity price signals and often overlook carbon emission factors,limiting their effectiveness in supporting lowcarbon ...Traditional demand response(DR)programs for energy-intensive industries(EIIs)primarily rely on electricity price signals and often overlook carbon emission factors,limiting their effectiveness in supporting lowcarbon transitions.To address this challenge,this paper proposes an electricity–carbon integratedDR strategy based on a bi-level collaborative optimization framework that coordinates the interaction between the grid and EIIs.At the upper level,the grid operatorminimizes generation and curtailment costs by optimizing unit commitment while determining real-time electricity prices and dynamic carbon emission factors.At the lower level,EIIs respond to these dual signals by minimizing their combined electricity and carbon trading costs,considering their participation in medium-and long-term electricity markets,day-ahead spot markets,and carbon emissions trading schemes.The model accounts for direct and indirect carbon emissions,distributed photovoltaic(PV)generation,and battery energy storage systems.This interaction is structured as a Stackelberg game,where the grid acts as the leader and EIIs as followers,enabling dynamic feedback between pricing signals and load response.Simulation studies on an improved IEEE 30-bus system,with a cement plant as a representative user form EIIs,show that the proposed strategy reduces user-side carbon emissions by 7.95% and grid-side generation cost by 4.66%,though the user’s energy cost increases by 7.80% due to carbon trading.Theresults confirmthat the joint guidance of electricity and carbon prices effectively reshapes user load profiles,encourages peak shaving,and improves PV utilization.This coordinated approach not only achieves emission reduction and cost efficiency but also offers a theoretical and practical foundation for integrating carbon pricing into demand-side energy management in future low-carbon power systems.展开更多
The significant variation in plant regeneration efficiency between indica and japonica rice poses a major challenge for crop improvement.However,the molecular basis for this divergence remains largely unclear.In this ...The significant variation in plant regeneration efficiency between indica and japonica rice poses a major challenge for crop improvement.However,the molecular basis for this divergence remains largely unclear.In this study,we investigated the role of Oryza sativa AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 13(OsARF13),a transcription factor involved in callus-related processes.We observed that OsARF13 expression is significantly higher in japonica rice callus than in indica rice callus.This differential expression might be associated with an allelic variation in the promoter region of OsARF13,where a deletion commonly found in indica rice corresponds to the loss of a conserved auxin-responsive element(AuxRE)motif.To functionally characterize OsARF13,we generated CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout mutants.These mutants exhibited a substantial reduction in callus fresh weight,demonstrating that OsARF13 is required for efficient callus induction.Transcriptome analysis of the osarf13 mutant further showed that OsARF13 influences the expression of genes involved in hormone signal transduction and stress responses.Our findings suggest that OsARF13 is a key component of the regulatory network governing callus induction and that natural variation in its promoter might provide a potential explanation for the differential regenerative capacity between japonica and indica rice subspecies.展开更多
East Africa’s construction boom draws Chinese heavy machinery manufacturers and distributors The booming construction of new housing and commercial units has led to unprecedented demand for heavy construction equipme...East Africa’s construction boom draws Chinese heavy machinery manufacturers and distributors The booming construction of new housing and commercial units has led to unprecedented demand for heavy construction equipment in Nairobi,Kenya.展开更多
Understanding the spatial mach between water purification service supply and demand is crucial for optimizing watershed management and strengthening nature-society linkages,particularly in ecologically critical areas ...Understanding the spatial mach between water purification service supply and demand is crucial for optimizing watershed management and strengthening nature-society linkages,particularly in ecologically critical areas such as the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA).This study quantified the spatiotemporal patterns of water purification supply and demand by assessing the actual and potential non-point source pollution,and compared their mismatch ratio in the TGRA.Meanwhile,supply-demand reachability indicator was used to identify the water purification supply-demand relationship.Results showed that the TGRA generally maintained a balanced supply and demand relationship for water purification.Spatial analysis revealed that the ecosystem service demand and reachability indicator peaked in regions with>1000 m and>25°.Water purification exhibited High-High in the central Yangtze River corridor and southwestern TGRA,whereas Low-Low in the northern and southern regions.Driving analysis indicated climate factors significantly enhanced both supply(0.41)and demand(0.54),whereas soil factors exerted negative impacts on both supply(−0.37)and demand(−0.23).Topographic and socioeconomic factors also showed adverse,albeit relatively minor,effects.Based on the observed spatial mismatches,we propose shifting water purification governance strategies from aggregate control towards spatially targeted coordination that explicitly addresses distinct supply-demand relationships across different zones.展开更多
A comprehensive assessment of grain supply,demand,and ecosystem service flows is essential for identifying grain movement pathways,ensuring regional grain security,and guiding sustainable management strategies.However...A comprehensive assessment of grain supply,demand,and ecosystem service flows is essential for identifying grain movement pathways,ensuring regional grain security,and guiding sustainable management strategies.However,current studies primarily focus on short-term grain provision services while neglecting the spatiotemporal variations in grain flows across different scales.This gap limits the identification of dynamic matching relationships and the formulation of optimization strategies for balancing grain flows.This study examined the spatiotemporal evolution of grain supply and demand in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region from 1980 to 2020.Using the Enhanced TwoStep Floating Catchment Area method,the grain provision ecosystem service flows were quantified,the changes in supply–demand matching under different grain flow scenarios were analyzed and the optimal distance threshold for grain flows was investigated.The results revealed that grain production follows a spatial distribution pattern characterized by high levels in the southeast and low levels in the northwest.A significant mismatch exists between supply and demand,and it shows a scale effect.Deficit areas are mainly concentrated in the northwest,while surplus areas are mainly located in the central and southern regions.As the spatial scale increases,the ecosystem service supply–demand ratio(SDR)classification becomes more clustered,while it exhibits greater spatial SDR heterogeneity at smaller scales.This study examined two distinct scenarios of grain provision ecosystem service flow dynamics based on 100 and 200 km distance thresholds.The flow increased significantly,from 2.17 to 11.81million tons in the first scenario and from 2.41 to 12.37 million tons in the second scenario over nearly 40 years,forming a spatial movement pattern from the central and southern regions to the surrounding areas.Large flows were mainly concentrated in the interior of urban centers,with significant outflows between cities such as Baoding,Shijiazhuang,Xingtai,and Hengshui.At the county scale,supply–demand matching patterns remained consistent between the grain flows in the two scenarios.Notably,incorporating grain flow dynamics significantly reduced the number of grain-deficit areas compared to scenarios without grain flow.In 2020,grain-deficit counties decreased by28.79 and 37.88%,and cities by 12.50 and 25.0%under the two scenarios,respectively.Furthermore,the distance threshold for achieving optimal supply and demand matching at the county scale was longer than at the city scale in both grain flow scenarios.This study provides valuable insights into the dynamic relationships and heterogeneous patterns of grain matching,and expands the research perspective on grain and ecosystem service flows across various spatiotemporal scales.展开更多
The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions l...The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions like calf diarrhea is an emerging area of research nowadays because of increased concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance(AMR)and drug residues in animal products.Probiotics reduce the incidence of calf diarrhea by increasing the gut microbiota diversity and richness with more commensal bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium that produce antimicrobial compounds,as well as modulating the immune response by increasing cytokines,Interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and reducing tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),by increasing production of antibodies,especially immunoglobulin E(Ig E),also Ig G,differentiating naive Th lymphocytes(Tho)into Th1,hence stimulate innate immunity and prime the adaptive immune response.Specific probiotic strains of bacteria and yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)derived probiotics maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier.In this review,data are being organized to address the role of probiotics in treating calf diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota and stimulating an immune response against notorious pathogens,to present animal and veterinary scientists and nutritionists with a new concept to treat infectious diseases from the perspective of the gut microbiota,increasing animal health,performance,and welfare.In conclusion,health status and gut microbiome are strongly interlinked.Research data indicated a significant reduction in the incidence of diarrhea after probiotic administration.If interrelations between probiotics and existing gut microbiota are explored more quantitatively,novel antibiotic substitutes can emerge in the future.展开更多
Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions....Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions.A field blast experiment was conducted under close-in explosion with varying detonation offset distances(0 m,0.5 m,and 1 m),the overpressure load and dynamic responses of the full-scale RC columns were measured.Compared with the centrally detonated condition,a relative offset distance of 1.67 decreases the maximum and residual deflections of the RC column by 16.8%and 21.4%,respectively,while increasing the maximum and residual support rotations by 24.7%and 17.8%.Based on the experimental results,a theoretical model was proposed that considers the detonation location and charge mass,boundary conditions,axial compression ratio and material properties.The theoretical model exhibited good agreement with the experimental results,with prediction errors below 10%for both maximum and residual deflection.The effects of parameters were analyzed,and it indicated that an increase in offset distance results in decreased maximum and residual deflections but an increased support angle,thereby exacerbating damage.Higher axial load ratio,span-depth ratio,and longitudinal reinforcement ratio reduce both deflections and support angle.Additionally,a rapid method to predict the maximum and residual deflection of RC columns under off-central blast loading was also proposed based on the Generalized Regression Neural Network(GRNN).Eleven features which related to the RC column properties and the blast characteristics were used in the training process of GRNN,and accurate predictions were achieved with prediction errors within 20%.This study fills the gap in predicting the dynamic response of RC columns under off-central explosion,providing valuable references for blast-resistant design.展开更多
With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the ch...With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the characteristics and tendency of China's automatic driving technology standards present the situation of high policy relevance coexisting with low normative binding,professionalism coexist with barriers,forefront coexist with ambiguity.Therefore,challenges are presented both theoretically and practically on the determination of criminal responsibility based on automatic driving technology standard..In this regard,the misunderstanding should be clarified in theory:The legal order under the automatic driving technology standard has constitutionality and systematic,and there is a balance between the frontier of automatic driving technology development and the lagging of criminal law.The automatic driving technology risk level system should be built to clarify the boundary of the effectiveness of criminal law norms,seeking fora breakthrough in the application of the establishment of a comprehensive judgment system of the risks and accidents and the system of evidence to prove the system,which clarifies the determination of criminal responsibility under the automatic driving technology standard.This essay hopes to pursue breakthroughs in the application-to establish a comprehensive judgment system of risks and accidents as well as an evidence proof system,so as to clarify the determination of criminal responsibility under automatic driving technology standards.展开更多
In coal mines,dynamic disasters such as rock bursts seriously threaten the safety of mining activities.Exploring the dynamic behaviors and disaster characteristics in the impact failure process of coal serves as the b...In coal mines,dynamic disasters such as rock bursts seriously threaten the safety of mining activities.Exploring the dynamic behaviors and disaster characteristics in the impact failure process of coal serves as the basis and prerequisite for monitoring and warning rock bursts.In this context,impact failure tests of coal were carried out under different axial static loads and impact velocities to analyze the dynamic behaviors and acoustic emission(AE)response characteristics of coal.The results show that the dynamic behaviors of coal under combined dynamic and static loads are significantly different from those under static loads,and the stress-strain curve displays double peaks without an obvious compaction stage.As the axial static load grows,the dynamic strength and peak strain both have a quadratic function with the axial static load.When the coal damage intensifies instantaneously,the AE count and energy parameters both witness pulse-like increases and reach their peak values.The damage effect of axial static loads on coal,though limited,has an extreme point.In contrast,the impact velocity can strengthen the response of AE signals and has linear function relationships with the peak values of AE count and energy.This plays a leading role in the damage to samples and sets a critical point for coal failure and fracture.Compared with the analysis results of stress and strain,the responses of AE signals are more accurate and reliable.Based on AE response characteristics,the damage evolution process of coal under the combined dynamic and static loads can be identified more accurately to reveal the moment corresponding to coal damage and the characteristics of coal failure.The research results are conducive to the further application of AE monitoring methods to early warning of rock burst disasters in coal mining sites.展开更多
Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive ca...Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery in our hospital from June 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into the light anesthesia group(n=45)and the deep anesthesia group(n=44).The vital signs at different intraoperative nodes and perioperative stress status of the two groups were compared.Results:Before lesion resection and after surgery,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of the deep anesthesia group were lower than those of the light anesthesia group,with statistically significant differences.Conclusion:In thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery,deep anesthesia can effectively control the patient’s surgical stress response,but the postoperative awakening time is longer;patients under light anesthesia have a shorter awakening time,but the intraoperative stress response is obvious.展开更多
Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has...Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has been verified to evaluate the performance of FENTs,but until recently,the response time,another crucial indicator,has been ignored.Employing finite-element method,we investigated the relationship among gate charge,switching ratio and response time by divisionally manipulating gate charge,including entrance surface and the surface of confinement space,for ion transport to optimize switching capability.The dual-split gate charge on FENTs exhibits synergistic effect on switching response.Based on the two regional gate charge on FENTs,multivalence ions in lower concentration,high aspect ratio and single channel show higher switching ratio but longer response time compared to monovalent ions.The findings highlight the necessity of balancing these two signals in FENTs and offer insights for optimizing their design and expanding applications to dual-signal-detection iontronics.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary app...BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.展开更多
Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could in...Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could induce tinnitus.There are no standardized objective tests for tinnitus assessment because of its multifaceted nature.Hence,the current study aimed to explore the effect of Tinnitus on Latency and Amplitude of the Auditory Middle Latency Response in Audiological Attendees.The study recruited 50 individuals(25 normals and 25 individuals with tinnitus)who underwent audiological evaluations like Pure tone audiometry,immittance,pitch and loudness matching,THI and middle latency response.The IHS program was used to record MLR,which was obtained using tone burst stimuli of 500 Hz,1 KHz,2 KHz,and 4 KHz at a rate of 7.1/s with a constant duration of 5 ms,for a total of 1500 sweeps.As a covariate,pure tone thresholds were one of the variabilities that were addressed by ANCOVA.The amplitude of the Pa component varied significantly between the tinnitus and control groups,according to the MLR data and no other components of MLR reached that significance.Furthermore,there was no discernible variation in the latency or amplitude of MLR among any of the other components.The latency of the waveforms increased as the stimulus frequency increased.Karl Pearson correlation coefficient showed no significant correlation between THI scores and any of the outcome measures except for Pa amplitude.As the Pa component of MLR showed maximum changes between controls and individuals with tinnitus,the Pa component could be considered a potential tool for identifying neurophysiological changes related to tinnitus.展开更多
Zinc oxide(ZnO)films,as representative piezoelectric semiconductors,have garnered considerable interest in ultrasonic testing.Current research challenges include maintaining the consistency of continuous c-axis orient...Zinc oxide(ZnO)films,as representative piezoelectric semiconductors,have garnered considerable interest in ultrasonic testing.Current research challenges include maintaining the consistency of continuous c-axis orientation and determining the fundamental link between the electrical structure and piezoelectric response.Accordingly,we have proposed ZnO films incorporated with an orientation-inducing layer(OIL),utilizing orientation induction and rapid deposition technology to regulate the growth structure of the ZnO films.Furthermore,the influence of the competitive mechanism between the film growth and lateral diffusion on the film's growth structure has been investigated.Piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM)analysis demonstrated the regulation and enhancement of ZnO piezoelectric polarization by the OIL.The enhancement mechanism of OIL on film performance was revealed via experimental examination of the film structure,morphology,crystallization orientation,oxygen vacancies,carrier concentration,band structure,and density of states based on density functional theory(DFT).Benefiting from the superior electromechanical response of the ZnO OIL sensor,characterized by fast response recovery times of 2.4 ms/7.7 ms and a sensitivity of 1.09 V/N,the device has successfully demonstrated practical applications in both motion pressure detection and bolt axial force measurement.These findings provide new insights into the ultrasonic detection for aerospace applications of ZnO OIL piezoelectric devices and demonstrate significant potential for health monitoring in connection systems.展开更多
基金funded by Science and Technology Projects from State Grid Corporation of China,(Research on Adaptive Balance Optimization and Simulation Technology of Industrial community Energy System with High Proportion of Distributed Energy,No.:5100-202355752A-3-4-SY).
文摘To achieve the goals of sustainable development of the energy system and the construction of a lowcarbon society,this study proposes a multi-energy storage collaborative optimization strategy for industrial park that integrates the laddered carbon trading mechanism with demand response.Firstly,a dual dimensional DR model is constructed based on the characteristics of load elasticity.The alternativeDRenables flexible substitution of energy loads through complementary conversion of electricity/heat/cold multi-energy sources,while the price DR relies on timeof-use electricity price signals to guide load spatiotemporal migration;Secondly,the LCT mechanism is introduced to achieve optimal carbon emission costs through a tiered carbon quota allocation mechanism.On this basis,an optimization decision model is established with the core objective of maximizing the annual net profit of the park.The objective function takes into account energy sales revenue,generator unit costs,and investment and operation costs of multiple types of energy storage facilities.Themodel constraint system covers three key dimensions:dynamic operation constraints of power generation units,including unit output limits,ramping capability,and minimum start-stop time;the physical boundary of an electric/hot/cold multi-energy storage system involves energy storage capacity and charge/discharge efficiency;The multi-energy network coupling balance equation ensures that the energy conversion and transmission process satisfies the law of conservation of energy.Using CPLEX mathematical programming solver for simulation verification,construct an energy storage capacity configuration decision process that includes LCT-DR synergistic effect.The research results show that compared with the traditional single energy storage configuration mode,this strategy effectively enhances the economic feasibility and engineering practicality of industrial park operation by coordinating demand side resource scheduling and finely controlling carbon costs,while maintaining stable system operation.Its methodological framework provides a technical path that combines theoretical rigor and practical operability for the low-carbon transformation of regional integrated energy systems.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52407126).
文摘The demand response(DR)market,as a vital complement to the electricity spot market,plays a key role in evoking user-side regulation capability to mitigate system-level supply‒demand imbalances during extreme events.While the DR market offers the load aggregator(LA)additional profitable opportunities beyond the electricity spot market,it also introduces new trading risks due to the significant uncertainty in users’behaviors.Dispatching energy storage systems(ESSs)is an effective means to enhance the risk management capabilities of LAs;however,coordinating ESS operations with dual-market trading strategies remains an urgent challenge.To this end,this paper proposes a novel systematic risk-aware coordinated trading model for the LA in concurrently participating in the day-ahead electricity spot market and DR market,which incorporates the capacity allocation mechanism of ESS based on market clearing rules to jointly formulate bidding and pricing decisions for the dual market.First,the intrinsic coupling characteristics of the LA participating in the dual market are analyzed,and a joint optimization framework for formulating bidding and pricing strategies that integrates ESS facilities is proposed.Second,an uncertain user response model is developed based on price‒response mechanisms,and actual market settlement rules accounting for under-and over-responses are employed to calculate trading revenues,where possible revenue losses are quantified via conditional value at risk.Third,by imposing these terms and the capacity allocation mechanism of ESS,the risk-aware stochastic coordinated trading model of the LA is built,where the bidding and pricing strategies in the dual model that trade off risk and profit are derived.The simulation results of a case study validate the effectiveness of the proposed trading strategy in controlling trading risk and improving the trading income of the LA.
基金the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,with the project number 52051L240001.
文摘In contemporary power systems,delving into the flexible regulation potential of demand-side resources is of paramount significance for the efficient operation of power grids.This research puts forward an innovative multivariate flexible load aggregation control approach that takes dynamic demand response into full consideration.In the initial stage,using generalized time-domain aggregation modelling for a wide array of heterogeneous flexible loads,including temperature-controlled loads,electric vehicles,and energy storage devices,a novel calculation method for their maximum adjustable capacities is devised.Distinct from conventional methods,this newly developed approach enables more precise and adaptable quantification of the load-adjusting capabilities,thereby enhancing the accuracy and flexibility of demand-side resource management.Subsequently,an SSA-BiLSTM flexible load classification prediction model is established.This model represents an innovative application in the field,effectively combining the advantages of the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)and the Bidirectional Long-Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM)neural network.Furthermore,a parallel Markov chain is introduced to evaluate the switching state transfer probability of flexible loads accurately.This integration allows for a more refined determination of the maximum response capacity range of the flexible load aggregator,significantly improving the precision of capacity assessment compared to existing methods.Finally,in consonance with the intra-day scheduling plan,a newly developed diffuse filling algorithm is implemented to control the activation times of flexible loads precisely,thus achieving real-time dynamic demand response.Through in-depth case analysis and comprehensive comparative studies,the effectiveness of the proposed method is convincingly validated.With its innovative techniques and enhanced performance,it is demonstrated that this method has the potential to substantially enhance the utilization efficiency of demand-side resources in power systems,providing a novel and effective solution for optimizing power grid operation and demand-side management.
基金supported by Science and Technology Program of China Southern Power Grid Corporation under grant number 036000KK52222004(GDKJXM20222117)National Key R&D Program of China for International S&T Cooperation Projects(2019YFE0118700).
文摘The integration of substantial renewable energy and controllable resources disrupts the supply-demand balance in distribution grids.Secure operations are dependent on the participation of user-side resources in demand response at both the day-ahead and intraday levels.Current studies typically overlook the spatial--temporal variations and coordination between these timescales,leading to significant day-ahead optimization errors,high intraday costs,and slow convergence.To address these challenges,we developed a multiagent,multitimescale aggregated regulation method for spatial--temporal coordinated demand response of user-side resources.Firstly,we established a framework considering the spatial--temporal coordinated characteristics of user-side resources with the objective to min-imize the total regulation cost and weighted sum of distribution grid losses.The optimization problem was then solved for two different timescales:day-ahead and intraday.For the day-ahead timescale,we developed an improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO)algo-rithm that dynamically adjusts the number of particles based on intraday outcomes to optimize the regulation strategies.For the intraday timescale,we developed an improved alternating direction method of multipliers(IADMM)algorithm that distributes tasks across edge distribution stations,dynamically adjusting penalty factors by using historical day-ahead data to synchronize the regulations and enhance precision.The simulation results indicate that this method can fully achieve multitimescale spatial--temporal coordinated aggregated reg-ulation between day-ahead and intraday,effectively reduce the total regulation cost and distribution grid losses,and enhance smart grid resilience.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program(2024YFE0115600).
文摘Addressing climate change and facilitating the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources(RESs)have driven the development of hydrogen-coupled integrated energy systems(HIES),which enhance energy sustainability through coordinated electricity,thermal,natural gas,and hydrogen utilization.This study proposes a two-stage distributionally robust optimization(DRO)-based scheduling method to improve the economic efficiency and reduce carbon emissions of HIES.The framework incorporates a ladder-type carbon trading mechanism to regulate emissions and implements a demand response(DR)program to adjustflexible multi-energy loads,thereby prioritizing RES consumption.Uncertainties from RES generation and load demand are addressed through an ambiguity set,enabling robust decision-making.The column-and-constraint generation(C&CG)algorithm efficiently solves the two-stage DRO model.Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method reduces operational costs by 3.56%,increases photovoltaic consumption rates by 5.44%,and significantly lowers carbon emissions compared to conventional approaches.Furthermore,the DRO framework achieves a superior balance between conservativeness and robustness over conventional stochastic and robust optimization methods,highlighting its potential to advance cost-effective,low-carbon energy systems while ensuring grid stability under uncertainty.
基金supported by the Scientific&Technical Project of the State Grid(5700--202490228A--1--1-ZN).
文摘The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)has significantly increased the computational load on data centers.AI-related computational activities consume considerable electricity and result in substantial carbon emissions.To mitigate these emissions,future data centers should be strategically planned and operated to fully utilize renewable energy resources while meeting growing computational demands.This paper aims to investigate how much carbon emission reduction can be achieved by using a carbonoriented demand response to guide the optimal planning and operation of data centers.A carbon-oriented data center planning model is proposed that considers the carbon-oriented demand response of the AI load.In the planning model,future operation simulations comprehensively coordinate the temporal‒spatial flexibility of computational loads and the quality of service(QoS).An empirical study based on the proposed models is conducted on real-world data from China.The results from the empirical analysis show that newly constructed data centers are recommended to be built in Gansu Province,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Sichuan Province,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and Qinghai Province,accounting for 57%of the total national increase in server capacity.33%of the computational load from Eastern China should be transferred to the West,which could reduce the overall load carbon emissions by 26%.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Power Grid Co.,Ltd.under Grant No.YNKJXM20222410.
文摘Traditional demand response(DR)programs for energy-intensive industries(EIIs)primarily rely on electricity price signals and often overlook carbon emission factors,limiting their effectiveness in supporting lowcarbon transitions.To address this challenge,this paper proposes an electricity–carbon integratedDR strategy based on a bi-level collaborative optimization framework that coordinates the interaction between the grid and EIIs.At the upper level,the grid operatorminimizes generation and curtailment costs by optimizing unit commitment while determining real-time electricity prices and dynamic carbon emission factors.At the lower level,EIIs respond to these dual signals by minimizing their combined electricity and carbon trading costs,considering their participation in medium-and long-term electricity markets,day-ahead spot markets,and carbon emissions trading schemes.The model accounts for direct and indirect carbon emissions,distributed photovoltaic(PV)generation,and battery energy storage systems.This interaction is structured as a Stackelberg game,where the grid acts as the leader and EIIs as followers,enabling dynamic feedback between pricing signals and load response.Simulation studies on an improved IEEE 30-bus system,with a cement plant as a representative user form EIIs,show that the proposed strategy reduces user-side carbon emissions by 7.95% and grid-side generation cost by 4.66%,though the user’s energy cost increases by 7.80% due to carbon trading.Theresults confirmthat the joint guidance of electricity and carbon prices effectively reshapes user load profiles,encourages peak shaving,and improves PV utilization.This coordinated approach not only achieves emission reduction and cost efficiency but also offers a theoretical and practical foundation for integrating carbon pricing into demand-side energy management in future low-carbon power systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32201834 and 32201814)the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.324RC530)+1 种基金the Hainan Provincial‘Nanhai NewStar’Science and Technology Innovation Platform Project,China(Grant No.NHXXRCXM-202362)the Research Startup Funding from Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University,China(Grant No.0201-6602-A12202).
文摘The significant variation in plant regeneration efficiency between indica and japonica rice poses a major challenge for crop improvement.However,the molecular basis for this divergence remains largely unclear.In this study,we investigated the role of Oryza sativa AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 13(OsARF13),a transcription factor involved in callus-related processes.We observed that OsARF13 expression is significantly higher in japonica rice callus than in indica rice callus.This differential expression might be associated with an allelic variation in the promoter region of OsARF13,where a deletion commonly found in indica rice corresponds to the loss of a conserved auxin-responsive element(AuxRE)motif.To functionally characterize OsARF13,we generated CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout mutants.These mutants exhibited a substantial reduction in callus fresh weight,demonstrating that OsARF13 is required for efficient callus induction.Transcriptome analysis of the osarf13 mutant further showed that OsARF13 influences the expression of genes involved in hormone signal transduction and stress responses.Our findings suggest that OsARF13 is a key component of the regulatory network governing callus induction and that natural variation in its promoter might provide a potential explanation for the differential regenerative capacity between japonica and indica rice subspecies.
文摘East Africa’s construction boom draws Chinese heavy machinery manufacturers and distributors The booming construction of new housing and commercial units has led to unprecedented demand for heavy construction equipment in Nairobi,Kenya.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number 42471510,42001218)National Major Water Conservancy Project Construction(follow up to the Three Gorges Project)(No.12620202700221 J001,NO.102126222020270029030)General Project of Hubei Social Science Fund(No.2021211,HBSK2022YB357,HBSKJJ20233269,HBSKJJ20243233).
文摘Understanding the spatial mach between water purification service supply and demand is crucial for optimizing watershed management and strengthening nature-society linkages,particularly in ecologically critical areas such as the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA).This study quantified the spatiotemporal patterns of water purification supply and demand by assessing the actual and potential non-point source pollution,and compared their mismatch ratio in the TGRA.Meanwhile,supply-demand reachability indicator was used to identify the water purification supply-demand relationship.Results showed that the TGRA generally maintained a balanced supply and demand relationship for water purification.Spatial analysis revealed that the ecosystem service demand and reachability indicator peaked in regions with>1000 m and>25°.Water purification exhibited High-High in the central Yangtze River corridor and southwestern TGRA,whereas Low-Low in the northern and southern regions.Driving analysis indicated climate factors significantly enhanced both supply(0.41)and demand(0.54),whereas soil factors exerted negative impacts on both supply(−0.37)and demand(−0.23).Topographic and socioeconomic factors also showed adverse,albeit relatively minor,effects.Based on the observed spatial mismatches,we propose shifting water purification governance strategies from aggregate control towards spatially targeted coordination that explicitly addresses distinct supply-demand relationships across different zones.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42471336,52379021 and 42201278)the Hebei Province Backbone Talent Program,China(Returnee Platform for Overseas Study)(A20240028)+2 种基金the Hebei Province Statistical Science Research Project,China(2024HZ04)the Hebei Province Graduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project,China(YJG2024046)the Innovation Ability Training Program for Postgraduate Students of Hebei Provincial Department of Education,China(CXZZSS2025048)。
文摘A comprehensive assessment of grain supply,demand,and ecosystem service flows is essential for identifying grain movement pathways,ensuring regional grain security,and guiding sustainable management strategies.However,current studies primarily focus on short-term grain provision services while neglecting the spatiotemporal variations in grain flows across different scales.This gap limits the identification of dynamic matching relationships and the formulation of optimization strategies for balancing grain flows.This study examined the spatiotemporal evolution of grain supply and demand in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region from 1980 to 2020.Using the Enhanced TwoStep Floating Catchment Area method,the grain provision ecosystem service flows were quantified,the changes in supply–demand matching under different grain flow scenarios were analyzed and the optimal distance threshold for grain flows was investigated.The results revealed that grain production follows a spatial distribution pattern characterized by high levels in the southeast and low levels in the northwest.A significant mismatch exists between supply and demand,and it shows a scale effect.Deficit areas are mainly concentrated in the northwest,while surplus areas are mainly located in the central and southern regions.As the spatial scale increases,the ecosystem service supply–demand ratio(SDR)classification becomes more clustered,while it exhibits greater spatial SDR heterogeneity at smaller scales.This study examined two distinct scenarios of grain provision ecosystem service flow dynamics based on 100 and 200 km distance thresholds.The flow increased significantly,from 2.17 to 11.81million tons in the first scenario and from 2.41 to 12.37 million tons in the second scenario over nearly 40 years,forming a spatial movement pattern from the central and southern regions to the surrounding areas.Large flows were mainly concentrated in the interior of urban centers,with significant outflows between cities such as Baoding,Shijiazhuang,Xingtai,and Hengshui.At the county scale,supply–demand matching patterns remained consistent between the grain flows in the two scenarios.Notably,incorporating grain flow dynamics significantly reduced the number of grain-deficit areas compared to scenarios without grain flow.In 2020,grain-deficit counties decreased by28.79 and 37.88%,and cities by 12.50 and 25.0%under the two scenarios,respectively.Furthermore,the distance threshold for achieving optimal supply and demand matching at the county scale was longer than at the city scale in both grain flow scenarios.This study provides valuable insights into the dynamic relationships and heterogeneous patterns of grain matching,and expands the research perspective on grain and ecosystem service flows across various spatiotemporal scales.
基金financial support from the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20230718)。
文摘The interplay between gut microbiota and host health has attracted significant interest in the animal science community.Maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by supplementing probiotics to treat clinical conditions like calf diarrhea is an emerging area of research nowadays because of increased concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance(AMR)and drug residues in animal products.Probiotics reduce the incidence of calf diarrhea by increasing the gut microbiota diversity and richness with more commensal bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium that produce antimicrobial compounds,as well as modulating the immune response by increasing cytokines,Interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and reducing tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),by increasing production of antibodies,especially immunoglobulin E(Ig E),also Ig G,differentiating naive Th lymphocytes(Tho)into Th1,hence stimulate innate immunity and prime the adaptive immune response.Specific probiotic strains of bacteria and yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)derived probiotics maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier.In this review,data are being organized to address the role of probiotics in treating calf diarrhea by modulating gut microbiota and stimulating an immune response against notorious pathogens,to present animal and veterinary scientists and nutritionists with a new concept to treat infectious diseases from the perspective of the gut microbiota,increasing animal health,performance,and welfare.In conclusion,health status and gut microbiome are strongly interlinked.Research data indicated a significant reduction in the incidence of diarrhea after probiotic administration.If interrelations between probiotics and existing gut microbiota are explored more quantitatively,novel antibiotic substitutes can emerge in the future.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.12472399)。
文摘Reinforced concrete(RC)columns are often subjected to off-central explosion due to the uncertainty of blast locations.However,few studies have focused on the dynamic response of RC columns under offcentral explosions.A field blast experiment was conducted under close-in explosion with varying detonation offset distances(0 m,0.5 m,and 1 m),the overpressure load and dynamic responses of the full-scale RC columns were measured.Compared with the centrally detonated condition,a relative offset distance of 1.67 decreases the maximum and residual deflections of the RC column by 16.8%and 21.4%,respectively,while increasing the maximum and residual support rotations by 24.7%and 17.8%.Based on the experimental results,a theoretical model was proposed that considers the detonation location and charge mass,boundary conditions,axial compression ratio and material properties.The theoretical model exhibited good agreement with the experimental results,with prediction errors below 10%for both maximum and residual deflection.The effects of parameters were analyzed,and it indicated that an increase in offset distance results in decreased maximum and residual deflections but an increased support angle,thereby exacerbating damage.Higher axial load ratio,span-depth ratio,and longitudinal reinforcement ratio reduce both deflections and support angle.Additionally,a rapid method to predict the maximum and residual deflection of RC columns under off-central blast loading was also proposed based on the Generalized Regression Neural Network(GRNN).Eleven features which related to the RC column properties and the blast characteristics were used in the training process of GRNN,and accurate predictions were achieved with prediction errors within 20%.This study fills the gap in predicting the dynamic response of RC columns under off-central explosion,providing valuable references for blast-resistant design.
基金The National Social Science Foundation Youth Project of China:Research on the collaborative govemance path of administrative law and criminal law against dangerous driving behaviors in the digital-intelligent society(25CFX108)。
文摘With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the characteristics and tendency of China's automatic driving technology standards present the situation of high policy relevance coexisting with low normative binding,professionalism coexist with barriers,forefront coexist with ambiguity.Therefore,challenges are presented both theoretically and practically on the determination of criminal responsibility based on automatic driving technology standard..In this regard,the misunderstanding should be clarified in theory:The legal order under the automatic driving technology standard has constitutionality and systematic,and there is a balance between the frontier of automatic driving technology development and the lagging of criminal law.The automatic driving technology risk level system should be built to clarify the boundary of the effectiveness of criminal law norms,seeking fora breakthrough in the application of the establishment of a comprehensive judgment system of the risks and accidents and the system of evidence to prove the system,which clarifies the determination of criminal responsibility under the automatic driving technology standard.This essay hopes to pursue breakthroughs in the application-to establish a comprehensive judgment system of risks and accidents as well as an evidence proof system,so as to clarify the determination of criminal responsibility under automatic driving technology standards.
基金Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Grant/Award Number:2011DA105287-FW202306Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:KYCX24_2925+4 种基金Fundamental Research Program of Xuzhou,Grant/Award Number:KC23017National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52104234Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Number:2024-10962National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20200657Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology,Grant/Award Number:2024WLKXJ152。
文摘In coal mines,dynamic disasters such as rock bursts seriously threaten the safety of mining activities.Exploring the dynamic behaviors and disaster characteristics in the impact failure process of coal serves as the basis and prerequisite for monitoring and warning rock bursts.In this context,impact failure tests of coal were carried out under different axial static loads and impact velocities to analyze the dynamic behaviors and acoustic emission(AE)response characteristics of coal.The results show that the dynamic behaviors of coal under combined dynamic and static loads are significantly different from those under static loads,and the stress-strain curve displays double peaks without an obvious compaction stage.As the axial static load grows,the dynamic strength and peak strain both have a quadratic function with the axial static load.When the coal damage intensifies instantaneously,the AE count and energy parameters both witness pulse-like increases and reach their peak values.The damage effect of axial static loads on coal,though limited,has an extreme point.In contrast,the impact velocity can strengthen the response of AE signals and has linear function relationships with the peak values of AE count and energy.This plays a leading role in the damage to samples and sets a critical point for coal failure and fracture.Compared with the analysis results of stress and strain,the responses of AE signals are more accurate and reliable.Based on AE response characteristics,the damage evolution process of coal under the combined dynamic and static loads can be identified more accurately to reveal the moment corresponding to coal damage and the characteristics of coal failure.The research results are conducive to the further application of AE monitoring methods to early warning of rock burst disasters in coal mining sites.
文摘Objective:To explore the relationship between anesthetic depth and surgical stress response in minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery.Methods:A total of 89 patients who underwent thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery in our hospital from June 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research objects.They were divided into the light anesthesia group(n=45)and the deep anesthesia group(n=44).The vital signs at different intraoperative nodes and perioperative stress status of the two groups were compared.Results:Before lesion resection and after surgery,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of the deep anesthesia group were lower than those of the light anesthesia group,with statistically significant differences.Conclusion:In thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery,deep anesthesia can effectively control the patient’s surgical stress response,but the postoperative awakening time is longer;patients under light anesthesia have a shorter awakening time,but the intraoperative stress response is obvious.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China (No.2025A1515011654)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22090053)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for National Universities,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)support from the program of China Scholarships Council (No.202406410155)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST-Doctoral Student Special Plansupport from the S&T Special Program of Huzhou (No.2024GZ07)。
文摘Field-effect nanofluidic transistors(FENTs),biomimicking the structure and functionality of neuron,act as biological transistors with the ability to gate switching responses to external stimuli.The switching ratio has been verified to evaluate the performance of FENTs,but until recently,the response time,another crucial indicator,has been ignored.Employing finite-element method,we investigated the relationship among gate charge,switching ratio and response time by divisionally manipulating gate charge,including entrance surface and the surface of confinement space,for ion transport to optimize switching capability.The dual-split gate charge on FENTs exhibits synergistic effect on switching response.Based on the two regional gate charge on FENTs,multivalence ions in lower concentration,high aspect ratio and single channel show higher switching ratio but longer response time compared to monovalent ions.The findings highlight the necessity of balancing these two signals in FENTs and offer insights for optimizing their design and expanding applications to dual-signal-detection iontronics.
文摘BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.
文摘Tinnitus is a concerning condition that affects most adults worldwide,with a prevalence of 6.7%.Theories of tinnitus have explained that an increase in spontaneous neural activity at the level of the thalamus could induce tinnitus.There are no standardized objective tests for tinnitus assessment because of its multifaceted nature.Hence,the current study aimed to explore the effect of Tinnitus on Latency and Amplitude of the Auditory Middle Latency Response in Audiological Attendees.The study recruited 50 individuals(25 normals and 25 individuals with tinnitus)who underwent audiological evaluations like Pure tone audiometry,immittance,pitch and loudness matching,THI and middle latency response.The IHS program was used to record MLR,which was obtained using tone burst stimuli of 500 Hz,1 KHz,2 KHz,and 4 KHz at a rate of 7.1/s with a constant duration of 5 ms,for a total of 1500 sweeps.As a covariate,pure tone thresholds were one of the variabilities that were addressed by ANCOVA.The amplitude of the Pa component varied significantly between the tinnitus and control groups,according to the MLR data and no other components of MLR reached that significance.Furthermore,there was no discernible variation in the latency or amplitude of MLR among any of the other components.The latency of the waveforms increased as the stimulus frequency increased.Karl Pearson correlation coefficient showed no significant correlation between THI scores and any of the outcome measures except for Pa amplitude.As the Pa component of MLR showed maximum changes between controls and individuals with tinnitus,the Pa component could be considered a potential tool for identifying neurophysiological changes related to tinnitus.
基金supported by startup funding from Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
文摘Zinc oxide(ZnO)films,as representative piezoelectric semiconductors,have garnered considerable interest in ultrasonic testing.Current research challenges include maintaining the consistency of continuous c-axis orientation and determining the fundamental link between the electrical structure and piezoelectric response.Accordingly,we have proposed ZnO films incorporated with an orientation-inducing layer(OIL),utilizing orientation induction and rapid deposition technology to regulate the growth structure of the ZnO films.Furthermore,the influence of the competitive mechanism between the film growth and lateral diffusion on the film's growth structure has been investigated.Piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM)analysis demonstrated the regulation and enhancement of ZnO piezoelectric polarization by the OIL.The enhancement mechanism of OIL on film performance was revealed via experimental examination of the film structure,morphology,crystallization orientation,oxygen vacancies,carrier concentration,band structure,and density of states based on density functional theory(DFT).Benefiting from the superior electromechanical response of the ZnO OIL sensor,characterized by fast response recovery times of 2.4 ms/7.7 ms and a sensitivity of 1.09 V/N,the device has successfully demonstrated practical applications in both motion pressure detection and bolt axial force measurement.These findings provide new insights into the ultrasonic detection for aerospace applications of ZnO OIL piezoelectric devices and demonstrate significant potential for health monitoring in connection systems.
