AIM: To validate whether the platelet count/spleen size ratio can be used to predict the presence of esophageal varices in Mexican patients with hepatic cirrhosis.
Accurately counting dense objects in complex and diverse backgrounds is a significant challenge in computer vision,with applications ranging from crowd counting to various other object counting tasks.To address this,w...Accurately counting dense objects in complex and diverse backgrounds is a significant challenge in computer vision,with applications ranging from crowd counting to various other object counting tasks.To address this,we propose HUANNet(High-Resolution Unified Attention Network),a convolutional neural network designed to capture both local features and rich semantic information through a high-resolution representation learning framework,while optimizing computational distribution across parallel branches.HUANNet introduces three core modules:the High-Resolution Attention Module(HRAM),which enhances feature extraction by optimizing multiresolution feature fusion;the Unified Multi-Scale Attention Module(UMAM),which integrates spatial,channel,and convolutional kernel information through an attention mechanism applied across multiple levels of the network;and the Grid-Assisted Point Matching Module(GPMM),which stabilizes and improves point-to-point matching by leveraging grid-based mechanisms.Extensive experiments show that HUANNet achieves competitive results on the ShanghaiTech Part A/B crowd counting datasets and sets new state-of-the-art performance on dense object counting datasets such as CARPK and XRAY-IECCD,demonstrating the effectiveness and versatility of HUANNet.展开更多
In this study,an automated multimodal system for detecting,classifying,and dating fruit was developed using a two-stage YOLOv11 pipeline.In the first stage,the YOLOv11 detection model locates individual date fruits in...In this study,an automated multimodal system for detecting,classifying,and dating fruit was developed using a two-stage YOLOv11 pipeline.In the first stage,the YOLOv11 detection model locates individual date fruits in real time by drawing bounding boxes around them.These bounding boxes are subsequently passed to a YOLOv11 classification model,which analyzes cropped images and assigns class labels.An additional counting module automatically tallies the detected fruits,offering a near-instantaneous estimation of quantity.The experimental results suggest high precision and recall for detection,high classification accuracy(across 15 classes),and near-perfect counting in real time.This paper presents a multi-stage pipeline for date fruit detection,classification,and automated counting,employing YOLOv11-based models to achieve high accuracy while maintaining real-time throughput.The results demonstrated that the detection precision exceeded 90%,the classification accuracy approached 92%,and the counting module correlated closely with the manual tallies.These findings confirm the potential of reducing manual labour and enhancing operational efficiency in post-harvesting processes.Future studies will include dataset expansion,user-centric interfaces,and integration with harvesting robotics.展开更多
A high-sensitivity,low-noise single photon avalanche diode(SPAD)detector was presented based on a 180 nm BCD process.The proposed device utilizes a p-implant layer/high-voltage n-well(HVNW)junction to form a deep aval...A high-sensitivity,low-noise single photon avalanche diode(SPAD)detector was presented based on a 180 nm BCD process.The proposed device utilizes a p-implant layer/high-voltage n-well(HVNW)junction to form a deep avalanche multiplication region for near-infrared(NIR)sensitivity enhancement.By optimizing the device size and electric field of the guard ring,the fill factor(FF)is significantly improved,further increasing photon detection efficiency(PDE).To solve the dark noise caused by the increasing active diameter,a field polysilicon gate structure connected to the p+anode was investigated,effectively suppressing dark count noise by 76.6%.It is experimentally shown that when the active diameter increases from 5 to 10μm,the FF is significantly improved from 20.7%to 39.1%,and thus the peak PDE also rises from 13.3%to 25.8%.At an excess bias voltage of 5 V,a NIR photon detection probability(PDP)of 6.8%at 905 nm,a dark count rate(DCR)of 2.12 cps/μm^(2),an afterpulsing probability(AP)of 1.2%,and a timing jitter of 216 ps are achieved,demonstrating excellent single photon detection performance.展开更多
AIM: To determine whether the combination of platelet count(PLT) with spleen volume parameters and right liver volume(RV) measured by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) could predict the Child-Pugh class of liver cirrhos...AIM: To determine whether the combination of platelet count(PLT) with spleen volume parameters and right liver volume(RV) measured by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) could predict the Child-Pugh class of liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices(EV).METHODS: Two hundred and five cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B and 40 healthy volunteers underwent abdominal triphasic-enhancement MRI and laboratory examination of PLT in 109/L. Cirrhotic patients underwent endoscopy for detecting EV. Spleen maximal width(W), thickness(T) and length(L) in mm together with spleen volume(SV) and RV in mm3 were measured by MRI, and spleen volume index(SI) in mm3 was obtained by W × T × L. SV/PLT, SI/PLT and RV × PLT/SV(RVPS) were calculated and statistically analyzed to assess cirrhosis and EV.RESULTS: SV/PLT(r = 0.676) and SI/PLT(r = 0.707) increased, and PLT(r =-0.626) and RVPS(r =-0.802) decreased with the progress of Child-Pugh class(P < 0.001 for all). All parameters could determine the presence of cirrhosis, distinguish between each class of Child-Pugh class, and identify the presence of EV [the areas under the curve(AUCs) = 0.661-0.973]. A m o n g p a ra m e t e r s, R V P S c o u l d b e s t d e t e r m i n e presence and each class of cirrhosis with AUCs of 0.973 and 0.740-0.853, respectively; and SV/PLT could best identify EV with an AUC of 0.782.CONCLUSION: The combination of PLT with SV and RV could predict Child-Pugh class of liver cirrhosis and identify the presence of esophageal varices.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Gastrointestinal hemorrhage from ruptured esophageal varices is of concern in Africa where gastrointestinal fibroscopy for diagnosis is lacking. <strong>Purpose:</stro...<strong>Background:</strong> Gastrointestinal hemorrhage from ruptured esophageal varices is of concern in Africa where gastrointestinal fibroscopy for diagnosis is lacking. <strong>Purpose:</strong> To determine the performance of the length of the spleen, of the platelet count in the diagnosis of esophageal varices (OVs) by specifying the diagnostic thresholds in order to facilitate the prophylaxis of varicose hemorrhages in black African cirrhotic patients. <strong>Material and Method:</strong> This was a prospective study with a descriptive and analytical aim on cirrhotic patients hospitalized at the university hospital of Bouake (Ivory Coast) from 2017 to 2019. The patients included in the study were the cirrhotic of black race hospitalized having carried out an abdominal ultrasound with measurement of the spleen diameter (SD), an eso-gastro-duodenal endoscopy, and a blood count with platelet count (PC). The first primary endpoint was the diagnosis of esophageal varices in cirrhosis. Cirrhosis was retained by the combination of clinical, biological, ultrasound and endoscopic arguments. The OVs were distributed according to size and the presence of red signs. The platelet count, and the measurement of the spleen to calculate the PC/SD ratio were the second endpoint. The secondary endpoints studied were, the viral and ethyl etiologies of the cirrhosis, the Chlid-Pugh prognostic score. Performance was assessed using the ROC curve. The difference was significant for p less than 0.05. <strong>Results:</strong> The study included 101 patients;they were 79 men (78.2%) and 22 women (21.8%). The mean age of the cirrhotic patients was 48 ± 14. Esophageal varices were present in (n = 93;92%) of cases. The different etiologies were hepatitis B virus (HBV) (n = 65;78.3%), hepatitis C virus (HCV) (n = 21;25, 3%), and alcohol (n = 6;7.2%). Platelet count (PC) < 100,000/mm3 was statistically related to the presence of OV with red signs. Splenomegaly (SD > 130 mm) and PC/SD ratio < 1000 were significantly related to the presence of OVs and large OVs. SD with a cutoff of > 102 mm predicted 75% of OVs (AUROC = 0.797). CP with a cutoff < 131,000/mm3, predicted 100% of OVs (AUROC = 0.756). The PC/SD ratio < 1205 diagnosed 100% of OV (AUROC = 0.801). The PC/SD ratio < 818 and SD > 129 mm predicted large OVs. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Platelet count, spleen diamater, and PC/SD ratio were all performant for the diagnosis of OVs in our setting with better diagnostic performance for PC/SD. This report could help initiate prophylactic treatment for OVs rupture in cirrhotic patients in health centers where gastrointestinal endoscopy is lacking.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis is the end stage of progressive liver fibrosis as a consequence of chronic liver inflammation,wherein the standard hepatic architecture is replaced by regenerative hepatic nodules,which even...BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis is the end stage of progressive liver fibrosis as a consequence of chronic liver inflammation,wherein the standard hepatic architecture is replaced by regenerative hepatic nodules,which eventually lead to liver failure.Cirrhosis without any symptoms is referred to as compensated cirrhosis.Complications such as ascites,variceal bleeding,and hepatic encephalopathy indicate the onset of decompensated cirrhosis.Gastroesophageal varices are the hallmark of clini-cally significant portal hypertension.AIM To determine the accuracy of the platelet count-to-spleen diameter(PC/SD)ratio to evaluate esophageal varices(EV)in patients with cirrhosis.METHODS This retrospective observational study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specia-lized Hospital and Adera Medical Center from January 1,2019,to December 30,2023.Data were collected via chart review and direct patient interviews using structured questionnaires.The data were exported to the SPSS software version 26 for analysis and clearance.A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted for splenic diameter,platelet count,and PC/SD ratio to obtain sensitivity,speci-ficity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,and negative likelihood ratio.RESULTS Of the 140 participants,67%were men.Hepatitis B(38%)was the most common cause of cirrhosis,followed by cryptogenic cirrhosis(28%)and hepatitis C(16%).Approximately 83.6%of the participants had endoscopic evidence of EV,whereas 51.1%had gastric varices.Decompensated cirrhosis and PC were associated with the presence of EV with adjusted odds ratios of 12.63(95%CI:3.16-67.58,P=0.001)and 0.14(95%CI:0.037-0.52,P=0.004),respectively.A PC/SD ratio<1119 had a sensitivity of 86.32%and specificity of 70%with area under the curve of 0.835(95%CI:0.736-0.934,P<0.001).CONCLUSION A PC/SD ratio<1119 predicts EV in patients with cirrhosis.It is a valuable,noninvasive tool for EV risk assess-ment in resource-limited settings.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the 10-year therapeutic efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)using the Strengthening Spleen and Draining Dampness therapy in the management of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN).METHO...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the 10-year therapeutic efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)using the Strengthening Spleen and Draining Dampness therapy in the management of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN).METHODS:A single-center,retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with IMN who met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data were collected from the Department of Nephrology at Longhua Hospital,affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,between January 2007 and December 2011.Clinical parameters including 24-h urinary protein,serum albumin,serum creatinine,and estimated glomerular filtration rate(e GFR,EPI)were assessed at baseline and at 1,3,5,and 10 years of follow-up.The efficacy of the Strengthening Spleen and Draining Dampness therapy was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA).Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariate proportional hazards model(Cox regression models)were employed to identify factors associated with treatment outcomes.RESULTS:A total of 265 patients were included,with a median follow-up duration of 96 months(36,122).TCM treatment significantly reduced 24-h urinary protein levels(P<0.001),and increased serum albumin levels(P<0.001),while serum creatinine remained stable(P=0.187).Remission rates at 1,3,5,and 10 years were 52.81%,69.71%,68.39%,and 72.36%,respectively,and the rates of avoiding composite outcome events at the same intervals were 98.27%,94.29%,94.19%,and 93.50%.In the subgroup receiving TCM only,remission rates were 56.67%,84.44%,76.32%,and 82.86%.For patients treated initially with Western Medicine followed by TCM,the rates were 52.83%,65.85%,67.47%and 67.75%.In the cohort of patients who received TCM as their first-line therapy,remission rates were 49.23%,62.50%,61.76%,and 69.23%.Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the duration of TCM treatment[hazard ratio(HR)=0.826,95%confidence interval(CI)(0.779,0.876),P<0.001],presence of hypertension[HR=1.912,95%CI(1.181,3.094),P=0.008],baseline serum albumin level[HR=0.930,95%CI(0.894,0.969),P<0.001],and the rate of serum albumin increase within the first year of treatment[HR=0.930,95%CI(0.909,0.957),P<0.001]were significantly associated with clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION:The Strengthening Spleen and Draining Dampness therapy demonstrated robust short-and longterm efficacy in treating IMN,with high rates of remission and renal survival over 10 years.Key factors influencing clinical remission included the duration of TCM treatment,baseline serum albumin levels,the presence of hypertension,and the rate of increase in serum albumin within the first year.These findings suggest that this TCM approach provides a viable long-term treatment option for IMN.展开更多
This letter critically evaluates Jiang et al's article on the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions using Emax and platelet count.Despite notable findings,significant methodological and interpretat...This letter critically evaluates Jiang et al's article on the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions using Emax and platelet count.Despite notable findings,significant methodological and interpretative limitations are identified.The study lacks detailed assay conditions for Emax measurement,employs inadequate statistical methods without robust multivariate analysis,and does not provide clinically relevant threshold values.The nomogram's reliance on Emax as a major diagnostic contributor is questionable due to attenuation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with cirrhosis.Moreover,the study's limitations,such as selection bias and confounding factors,are not adequately addressed.Future research should adopt more rigorous methodologies,including prospective studies with larger cohorts and standardized protocols for biomarker measurement,to enhance validity and clinical applicability.展开更多
BACKGROUND The hepatic venous pressure gradient serves as a crucial parameter for assessing portal hypertension and predicting clinical decompensation in individuals with cirrhosis.However,owing to its invasive nature...BACKGROUND The hepatic venous pressure gradient serves as a crucial parameter for assessing portal hypertension and predicting clinical decompensation in individuals with cirrhosis.However,owing to its invasive nature,there has been growing interest in identifying noninvasive alternatives.Transient elastography offers a promising approach for measuring liver stiffness and spleen stiffness,which can help estimate the likelihood of decompensation in patients with chronic liver disease.AIM To investigate the predictive ability of the liver stiffness measurement(LSM)and spleen stiffness measurement(SSM)in conjunction with other noninvasive indicators for clinical decompensation in patients suffering from compensatory cirrhosis and portal hypertension.METHODS This study was a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 200 patients who were diagnosed with viral cirrhosis and who received computed tomography,transient elastography,ultrasound,and endoscopic examinations at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between March 2020 and November 2022.Patient classification was performed in accordance with the Baveno VI consensus.The area under the curve was used to evaluate and compare the predictive accuracy across different patient groups.The diagnostic effectiveness of several models,including the liver stiffness-spleen diameter-platelet ratio,variceal risk index,aspartate aminotransferase-alanine aminotransferase ratio,Baveno Ⅵ criteria,and newly developed models,was assessed.Additionally,decision curve analysis was carried out across a range of threshold probabilities to evaluate the clinical utility of these predictive factors.RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that SSM,LSM,and the spleen length diameter(SLD)were linked to clinical decompensation in individuals with viral cirrhosis.On the basis of these findings,a predictive model was developed via logistic regression:Ln[P/(1-P)]=-4.969-0.279×SSM+0.348×LSM+0.272×SLD.The model exhibited strong performance,with an area under the curve of 0.944.At a cutoff value of 0.56,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value for predicting clinical decompensation were 85.29%,88.89%,87.89%,and 86.47%,respectively.The newly developed model demonstrated enhanced accuracy in forecasting clinical decompensation among patients suffering from viral cirrhosis when compared to four previously established models.CONCLUSION Noninvasive models utilizing SSM,LSM,and SLD are effective in predicting clinical decompensation among patients with viral cirrhosis,thereby reducing the need for unnecessary hepatic venous pressure gradient testing.展开更多
Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood,resulting from either increased production or decreased excretion of uric acid.This condition has reached epidemic p...Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood,resulting from either increased production or decreased excretion of uric acid.This condition has reached epidemic proportions.Conventional Western medical treatments often come with a range of adverse effects.According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the root cause of HUA lies in the spleen’s insufficient healthy movement,with phlegm,dampness,turbidity,and stasis being symptomatic manifestations.Research has shown that spleen-strengthening herbal remedies can effectively treat HUA by inhibiting uric acid synthesis enzymes,promoting uric acid excretion,reducing inflammation,providing antioxidant benefits,regulating gut microbiota,and modulating cellular processes.Clinical applications have substantiated these findings.Therefore,from the standpoint of symptomatic treatment of HUA,spleen-strengthening therapies hold significant importance and potential.展开更多
Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy(SPDP)has gained increasing attention as a safe and effective alternative to distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy,particularly for benign and low-grade malignant lesions of the...Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy(SPDP)has gained increasing attention as a safe and effective alternative to distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy,particularly for benign and low-grade malignant lesions of the pancreatic body and tail.This narrative review evaluates the current evidence,technical considerations,and disease-specific indications for SPDP.Literature was reviewed using up to date scientific evidence and most recent national and international guidelines.Studies addressing SPDP outcomes,splenectomy complications,and disease-specific oncologic principles were included.Spleen preservation has been associated with reduced rates of postoperative infections,thromboembolic events,and longterm immunologic compromise,without compromising oncologic outcomes in selected patients.Indications favoring SPDP include pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors,intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,and solid pseudopapillary neoplasms.Although current guidelines generally recommend splenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,emerging data suggest that spleen preservation may be feasible in highly selected cases.Technical approaches—primarily the Kimura and Warshaw techniques—enable safe dissection and splenic vessel management,particularly with the support of minimally invasive platforms.In conclusion,SPDP should be considered in appropriately selected patients to reduce morbidity while preserving long-term immune function.Future randomized studies are warranted to define oncologic safety and refine indications across tumor types.展开更多
Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized in China for thousands of years to treat and prevent various diseases,with recent research highlighting microRNAs(miRNAs)in herbal decoctions as key bioactive compone...Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized in China for thousands of years to treat and prevent various diseases,with recent research highlighting microRNAs(miRNAs)in herbal decoctions as key bioactive components.The oral lyophilized powder of the pig spleen extracts(PAT)composed of oligonucleotides and peptides extracted from fresh pig spleen and delivered via a lipid mixture containing neutral cytidinyl lipid DNCA and cationic lipid CLD(Mix),has demonstrated significant antitumor effects against A549 and BCPAP cells,promoting early and late apoptosis by approximately 20%in A549 cells.Intratumoral administration of PAT/Mix in A549-bearing mice significantly reduced both tumor volume and weight.Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses suggested that PAT/Mix exerted its antitumor activity by silencing DEPDC1 mRNA in A549 cells,thereby influencing cellular processes and metabolic pathways.Additionally,PAT/Mix was found to promote the maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells(BMDCs),enhancing antigen processing and presentation.These findings indicated that PAT/Mix held promise as a therapeutic agent with both immunomodulatory and antitumor properties,owing not only to its peptide components but also to miRNAs,which played a critical therapeutic role.展开更多
BACKGROUND Shear wave elastography(SWE)is a non-invasive ultrasound-based technique used to assess tissue stiffness,which reflects underlying pathological changes.While SWE has been widely applied for liver fibrosis e...BACKGROUND Shear wave elastography(SWE)is a non-invasive ultrasound-based technique used to assess tissue stiffness,which reflects underlying pathological changes.While SWE has been widely applied for liver fibrosis evaluation,its application to other abdominal organs,such as the spleen and pancreas,is gaining interest.However,normal stiffness values and inter-system agreement remain poorly defined.AIM To assess the feasibility and agreement of liver,spleen,and pancreas stiffness using three SWE methods.METHODS This single-center observational study enrolled 50 healthy adult volunteers.Liver,spleen,and pancreas stiffness were assessed using three SWE methods:Point-SWE(p-QElaXto)and 2-Dimensional-SWE(2D-QElaXto)with Esaote MyLab 9,and 2D-SWE with SuperSonic Imagine.Feasibility,inter-operator reproducibility,and concordance among systems were evaluated.Stiffness was expressed as median kPa values,and technical reliability was assessed using the interquartile range/median ratio and stability index thresholds.RESULTS Liver and spleen stiffness assessment was feasible in>98%of patients,while pancreas stiffness was measurable in 84%-88%depending on the SWE technique.Mean liver stiffness ranged between 3.9-4.7 kPa across techniques,spleen stiffness ranged from 19.4-23.0 kPa,and pancreas stiffness from 5.2-7.6 kPa.Inter-operator agreement was excellent for liver(intraclass correlation coefficient>0.90)and good to moderate for spleen and pancreas(intraclass correlation coefficient from 0.43 to 0.90).Bland-Altman analysis confirmed good correlation but also systematic differences among devices,especially in pancreas measurements.CONCLUSION This is the first study to establish normal liver,spleen,and pancreas stiffness using MyLab 9 SWE integrated methods as compared to SuperSonic Imagine,with acceptable inter-technique agreement.Liver and spleen values matched existing guidelines;pancreas SWE showed more variability and reduced reproducibility.展开更多
The particle identification(PID)of hadrons plays a crucial role in particle physics experiments,especially in flavor physics and jet tagging.The cluster counting method,which measures the number of primary ionizations...The particle identification(PID)of hadrons plays a crucial role in particle physics experiments,especially in flavor physics and jet tagging.The cluster counting method,which measures the number of primary ionizations in gaseous detectors,is a promising breakthrough in PID.However,developing an effective reconstruction algorithm for cluster counting remains challenging.To address this challenge,we propose a cluster counting algorithm based on long short-term memory and dynamic graph convolutional neural networks for the CEPC drift chamber.Experiments on Monte Carlo simulated samples demonstrate that our machine learning-based algorithm surpasses traditional methods.It improves the K/πseparation of PID by 10%,meeting the PID requirements of CEPC.展开更多
According to the World Health Organization(WHO)manual,sperm concentration should be measured using an improved Neubauer hemocytometer,while sperm motility should be measured by manual assessment.However,in China,thous...According to the World Health Organization(WHO)manual,sperm concentration should be measured using an improved Neubauer hemocytometer,while sperm motility should be measured by manual assessment.However,in China,thousands of laboratories do not use the improved Neubauer hemocytometer or method;instead,the Makler counting chamber is one of the most widely used chambers.To study sources of error that could impact the measurement of the apparent concentration and motility of sperm using the Makler counting chamber and to verify its accuracy for clinical application,67 semen samples from patients attending the Department of Andrology,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University(Chengdu,China)between 13 September 2023 and 27 September 2023,were included.Compared with applying the cover glass immediately,delaying the application of the cover glass for 5 s,10 s,and 30 s resulted in average increases in the sperm concentration of 30.3%,74.1%,and 107.5%,respectively(all P<0.0001)and in the progressive motility(PR)of 17.7%,30.8%,and 39.6%,respectively(all P<0.0001).However,when the semen specimens were fixed with formaldehyde,a delay in the application of the cover glass for 5 s,10 s,and 30 s resulted in an average increase in the sperm concentration of 6.7%,10.8%,and 14.6%,respectively,compared with immediate application of the cover glass.The accumulation of motile sperm due to delays in the application of the cover glass is a significant source of error with the Makler counting chamber and should be avoided.展开更多
Environmental DNA(e DNA)methods have emerged as a promising tool for studying a broad spectrum of biological taxa.However,metabarcoding studies of avian biodiversity using e DNA have received little attention.In this ...Environmental DNA(e DNA)methods have emerged as a promising tool for studying a broad spectrum of biological taxa.However,metabarcoding studies of avian biodiversity using e DNA have received little attention.In this study,we compared waterbird biodiversity derived from e DNA metabarcoding with that obtained from traditional point counting surveys at 23 sites in Tai Lake of eastern China and evaluated the accuracy of e DNA metabarcoding for waterbird community studies.The point counting method recorded a higher total number of waterbird species(22)compared to the e DNA technique(16).While e DNA achieved a 74.5%detection rate for waterbird species and was able to identify a significantly greater number of species(12.48±1.97)at each sampling site than point counting method(6.13±2.69),particularly highlighting several rare and elusive species,it failed to detect some species commonly observed by the point counting method.The alpha diversity analysis revealed no significant differences in waterbird diversity between the e DNA method and the point counting method,except that the e DNA method exhibited lower Pielou evenness.Waterbird e DNA sequencing abundance correlated significantly with species occurrence,whereas Spearman's analysis indicated no significant difference between e DNA sequence abundance and species abundance from the point counting method.e DNA method detected no significant difference in waterbird composition between sampling sites,while the point counting method revealed significant differences.Consequently,e DNA is an effective complementary tool for assessing the diversity of wintering waterbirds in lakes,though it is unable to capture the full diversity of waterbird communities.It is crucial to develop sampling strategies that comprehensively monitor species composition and integrate e DNA with traditional survey methods for accurate evaluation of community structure.展开更多
Purpose–To address the encapsulation challenge of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensors in complex railway environments,this paper designs a clip-on composite sensor enabling installation-friendly deployment and long-term ...Purpose–To address the encapsulation challenge of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensors in complex railway environments,this paper designs a clip-on composite sensor enabling installation-friendly deployment and long-term axle counting system monitoring.Design/methodology/approach–Wheel–rail mechanical behavior was simulated via finite element analysis(FEA)to determine optimal sensor placement.A clip-on composite sensor was subsequently engineered.Stress transduction efficacy was validated through FEA quantification of stress responses at the axle counter location.Findings–The proposed FBG axle counter integrates temperature compensation and anti-detachment monitoring as well as advantages such as simplified installation with minimal maintenance and sustained operational reliability.It effectively transmits stress,yielding a measured strain of 39μe under static loading conditions without sensitivity-enhancing elements.Originality/value–This study performs FEA of wheel-rail stress distribution and engineers the dual-slot composite sensor,FEAwas conducted to quantify the stress magnitude at the axle sensor position of the dual-slot composite sensor.Additionally,FEA was performed on sensors with different structural configurations,including adjustments to the axle sensor position,number of slots and axle position.The results confirmed that the designed composite sensor exhibits superior stress transfer characteristics.展开更多
In this paper,we study composition operators on weighted Bergman spaces of Dirichlet series.We first establish some Littlewood-type inequalities for generalized mean counting functions.Then we give sufficient conditio...In this paper,we study composition operators on weighted Bergman spaces of Dirichlet series.We first establish some Littlewood-type inequalities for generalized mean counting functions.Then we give sufficient conditions for a composition operator with zero characteristic to be bounded or compact on weighted Bergman spaces of Dirichlet series.The corresponding sufficient condition for compactness in the case of positive characteristics is also obtained.展开更多
文摘AIM: To validate whether the platelet count/spleen size ratio can be used to predict the presence of esophageal varices in Mexican patients with hepatic cirrhosis.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273213,62472262,62572287)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024MF144)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province for Innovation and Development Joint Funds(ZR2022LZH001)Taishan Scholarship Construction Engineering.
文摘Accurately counting dense objects in complex and diverse backgrounds is a significant challenge in computer vision,with applications ranging from crowd counting to various other object counting tasks.To address this,we propose HUANNet(High-Resolution Unified Attention Network),a convolutional neural network designed to capture both local features and rich semantic information through a high-resolution representation learning framework,while optimizing computational distribution across parallel branches.HUANNet introduces three core modules:the High-Resolution Attention Module(HRAM),which enhances feature extraction by optimizing multiresolution feature fusion;the Unified Multi-Scale Attention Module(UMAM),which integrates spatial,channel,and convolutional kernel information through an attention mechanism applied across multiple levels of the network;and the Grid-Assisted Point Matching Module(GPMM),which stabilizes and improves point-to-point matching by leveraging grid-based mechanisms.Extensive experiments show that HUANNet achieves competitive results on the ShanghaiTech Part A/B crowd counting datasets and sets new state-of-the-art performance on dense object counting datasets such as CARPK and XRAY-IECCD,demonstrating the effectiveness and versatility of HUANNet.
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research,Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia,Grant No.KFU250098.
文摘In this study,an automated multimodal system for detecting,classifying,and dating fruit was developed using a two-stage YOLOv11 pipeline.In the first stage,the YOLOv11 detection model locates individual date fruits in real time by drawing bounding boxes around them.These bounding boxes are subsequently passed to a YOLOv11 classification model,which analyzes cropped images and assigns class labels.An additional counting module automatically tallies the detected fruits,offering a near-instantaneous estimation of quantity.The experimental results suggest high precision and recall for detection,high classification accuracy(across 15 classes),and near-perfect counting in real time.This paper presents a multi-stage pipeline for date fruit detection,classification,and automated counting,employing YOLOv11-based models to achieve high accuracy while maintaining real-time throughput.The results demonstrated that the detection precision exceeded 90%,the classification accuracy approached 92%,and the counting module correlated closely with the manual tallies.These findings confirm the potential of reducing manual labour and enhancing operational efficiency in post-harvesting processes.Future studies will include dataset expansion,user-centric interfaces,and integration with harvesting robotics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62171233the Natural Science Foundation of China,Jiangsu Province under Grant BK20241891the Jiangsu Province Graduate Research and Practice Innovation Plan under Grants SJCX24_0313 and KYCX24_1169。
文摘A high-sensitivity,low-noise single photon avalanche diode(SPAD)detector was presented based on a 180 nm BCD process.The proposed device utilizes a p-implant layer/high-voltage n-well(HVNW)junction to form a deep avalanche multiplication region for near-infrared(NIR)sensitivity enhancement.By optimizing the device size and electric field of the guard ring,the fill factor(FF)is significantly improved,further increasing photon detection efficiency(PDE).To solve the dark noise caused by the increasing active diameter,a field polysilicon gate structure connected to the p+anode was investigated,effectively suppressing dark count noise by 76.6%.It is experimentally shown that when the active diameter increases from 5 to 10μm,the FF is significantly improved from 20.7%to 39.1%,and thus the peak PDE also rises from 13.3%to 25.8%.At an excess bias voltage of 5 V,a NIR photon detection probability(PDP)of 6.8%at 905 nm,a dark count rate(DCR)of 2.12 cps/μm^(2),an afterpulsing probability(AP)of 1.2%,and a timing jitter of 216 ps are achieved,demonstrating excellent single photon detection performance.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81050033the Key Projects of Sichuan Province Science and Technology Pillar Program,No.2011SZ0237+2 种基金the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Sichuan Province in China,No.2010JQ0039the Key Science and Technology Project of Chinese Ministry of Public Health,No.2014114the Natural Science Key Project of North Sichuan Medical College,No.CBY12-A-ZD03
文摘AIM: To determine whether the combination of platelet count(PLT) with spleen volume parameters and right liver volume(RV) measured by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) could predict the Child-Pugh class of liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices(EV).METHODS: Two hundred and five cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B and 40 healthy volunteers underwent abdominal triphasic-enhancement MRI and laboratory examination of PLT in 109/L. Cirrhotic patients underwent endoscopy for detecting EV. Spleen maximal width(W), thickness(T) and length(L) in mm together with spleen volume(SV) and RV in mm3 were measured by MRI, and spleen volume index(SI) in mm3 was obtained by W × T × L. SV/PLT, SI/PLT and RV × PLT/SV(RVPS) were calculated and statistically analyzed to assess cirrhosis and EV.RESULTS: SV/PLT(r = 0.676) and SI/PLT(r = 0.707) increased, and PLT(r =-0.626) and RVPS(r =-0.802) decreased with the progress of Child-Pugh class(P < 0.001 for all). All parameters could determine the presence of cirrhosis, distinguish between each class of Child-Pugh class, and identify the presence of EV [the areas under the curve(AUCs) = 0.661-0.973]. A m o n g p a ra m e t e r s, R V P S c o u l d b e s t d e t e r m i n e presence and each class of cirrhosis with AUCs of 0.973 and 0.740-0.853, respectively; and SV/PLT could best identify EV with an AUC of 0.782.CONCLUSION: The combination of PLT with SV and RV could predict Child-Pugh class of liver cirrhosis and identify the presence of esophageal varices.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Gastrointestinal hemorrhage from ruptured esophageal varices is of concern in Africa where gastrointestinal fibroscopy for diagnosis is lacking. <strong>Purpose:</strong> To determine the performance of the length of the spleen, of the platelet count in the diagnosis of esophageal varices (OVs) by specifying the diagnostic thresholds in order to facilitate the prophylaxis of varicose hemorrhages in black African cirrhotic patients. <strong>Material and Method:</strong> This was a prospective study with a descriptive and analytical aim on cirrhotic patients hospitalized at the university hospital of Bouake (Ivory Coast) from 2017 to 2019. The patients included in the study were the cirrhotic of black race hospitalized having carried out an abdominal ultrasound with measurement of the spleen diameter (SD), an eso-gastro-duodenal endoscopy, and a blood count with platelet count (PC). The first primary endpoint was the diagnosis of esophageal varices in cirrhosis. Cirrhosis was retained by the combination of clinical, biological, ultrasound and endoscopic arguments. The OVs were distributed according to size and the presence of red signs. The platelet count, and the measurement of the spleen to calculate the PC/SD ratio were the second endpoint. The secondary endpoints studied were, the viral and ethyl etiologies of the cirrhosis, the Chlid-Pugh prognostic score. Performance was assessed using the ROC curve. The difference was significant for p less than 0.05. <strong>Results:</strong> The study included 101 patients;they were 79 men (78.2%) and 22 women (21.8%). The mean age of the cirrhotic patients was 48 ± 14. Esophageal varices were present in (n = 93;92%) of cases. The different etiologies were hepatitis B virus (HBV) (n = 65;78.3%), hepatitis C virus (HCV) (n = 21;25, 3%), and alcohol (n = 6;7.2%). Platelet count (PC) < 100,000/mm3 was statistically related to the presence of OV with red signs. Splenomegaly (SD > 130 mm) and PC/SD ratio < 1000 were significantly related to the presence of OVs and large OVs. SD with a cutoff of > 102 mm predicted 75% of OVs (AUROC = 0.797). CP with a cutoff < 131,000/mm3, predicted 100% of OVs (AUROC = 0.756). The PC/SD ratio < 1205 diagnosed 100% of OV (AUROC = 0.801). The PC/SD ratio < 818 and SD > 129 mm predicted large OVs. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Platelet count, spleen diamater, and PC/SD ratio were all performant for the diagnosis of OVs in our setting with better diagnostic performance for PC/SD. This report could help initiate prophylactic treatment for OVs rupture in cirrhotic patients in health centers where gastrointestinal endoscopy is lacking.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis is the end stage of progressive liver fibrosis as a consequence of chronic liver inflammation,wherein the standard hepatic architecture is replaced by regenerative hepatic nodules,which eventually lead to liver failure.Cirrhosis without any symptoms is referred to as compensated cirrhosis.Complications such as ascites,variceal bleeding,and hepatic encephalopathy indicate the onset of decompensated cirrhosis.Gastroesophageal varices are the hallmark of clini-cally significant portal hypertension.AIM To determine the accuracy of the platelet count-to-spleen diameter(PC/SD)ratio to evaluate esophageal varices(EV)in patients with cirrhosis.METHODS This retrospective observational study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specia-lized Hospital and Adera Medical Center from January 1,2019,to December 30,2023.Data were collected via chart review and direct patient interviews using structured questionnaires.The data were exported to the SPSS software version 26 for analysis and clearance.A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted for splenic diameter,platelet count,and PC/SD ratio to obtain sensitivity,speci-ficity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,and negative likelihood ratio.RESULTS Of the 140 participants,67%were men.Hepatitis B(38%)was the most common cause of cirrhosis,followed by cryptogenic cirrhosis(28%)and hepatitis C(16%).Approximately 83.6%of the participants had endoscopic evidence of EV,whereas 51.1%had gastric varices.Decompensated cirrhosis and PC were associated with the presence of EV with adjusted odds ratios of 12.63(95%CI:3.16-67.58,P=0.001)and 0.14(95%CI:0.037-0.52,P=0.004),respectively.A PC/SD ratio<1119 had a sensitivity of 86.32%and specificity of 70%with area under the curve of 0.835(95%CI:0.736-0.934,P<0.001).CONCLUSION A PC/SD ratio<1119 predicts EV in patients with cirrhosis.It is a valuable,noninvasive tool for EV risk assess-ment in resource-limited settings.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Project,Clinical Study on the Treatment of Refractory Membranous Nephropathy with the Treatment of Strengthening Spleen and Draining Dampness in Method using Single Group Target Value Method(No.2019YFC1709403)Systematic Study on the Diagnosis and Treatment Rules of Membranous Nephropathy in Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2023YFC35033501,No.2023YFC35033503)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the 10-year therapeutic efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)using the Strengthening Spleen and Draining Dampness therapy in the management of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN).METHODS:A single-center,retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with IMN who met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data were collected from the Department of Nephrology at Longhua Hospital,affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,between January 2007 and December 2011.Clinical parameters including 24-h urinary protein,serum albumin,serum creatinine,and estimated glomerular filtration rate(e GFR,EPI)were assessed at baseline and at 1,3,5,and 10 years of follow-up.The efficacy of the Strengthening Spleen and Draining Dampness therapy was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA).Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariate proportional hazards model(Cox regression models)were employed to identify factors associated with treatment outcomes.RESULTS:A total of 265 patients were included,with a median follow-up duration of 96 months(36,122).TCM treatment significantly reduced 24-h urinary protein levels(P<0.001),and increased serum albumin levels(P<0.001),while serum creatinine remained stable(P=0.187).Remission rates at 1,3,5,and 10 years were 52.81%,69.71%,68.39%,and 72.36%,respectively,and the rates of avoiding composite outcome events at the same intervals were 98.27%,94.29%,94.19%,and 93.50%.In the subgroup receiving TCM only,remission rates were 56.67%,84.44%,76.32%,and 82.86%.For patients treated initially with Western Medicine followed by TCM,the rates were 52.83%,65.85%,67.47%and 67.75%.In the cohort of patients who received TCM as their first-line therapy,remission rates were 49.23%,62.50%,61.76%,and 69.23%.Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the duration of TCM treatment[hazard ratio(HR)=0.826,95%confidence interval(CI)(0.779,0.876),P<0.001],presence of hypertension[HR=1.912,95%CI(1.181,3.094),P=0.008],baseline serum albumin level[HR=0.930,95%CI(0.894,0.969),P<0.001],and the rate of serum albumin increase within the first year of treatment[HR=0.930,95%CI(0.909,0.957),P<0.001]were significantly associated with clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION:The Strengthening Spleen and Draining Dampness therapy demonstrated robust short-and longterm efficacy in treating IMN,with high rates of remission and renal survival over 10 years.Key factors influencing clinical remission included the duration of TCM treatment,baseline serum albumin levels,the presence of hypertension,and the rate of increase in serum albumin within the first year.These findings suggest that this TCM approach provides a viable long-term treatment option for IMN.
文摘This letter critically evaluates Jiang et al's article on the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions using Emax and platelet count.Despite notable findings,significant methodological and interpretative limitations are identified.The study lacks detailed assay conditions for Emax measurement,employs inadequate statistical methods without robust multivariate analysis,and does not provide clinically relevant threshold values.The nomogram's reliance on Emax as a major diagnostic contributor is questionable due to attenuation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with cirrhosis.Moreover,the study's limitations,such as selection bias and confounding factors,are not adequately addressed.Future research should adopt more rigorous methodologies,including prospective studies with larger cohorts and standardized protocols for biomarker measurement,to enhance validity and clinical applicability.
基金Supported by Xi’an Science and Technology Plan,No.23YXYJ0172.
文摘BACKGROUND The hepatic venous pressure gradient serves as a crucial parameter for assessing portal hypertension and predicting clinical decompensation in individuals with cirrhosis.However,owing to its invasive nature,there has been growing interest in identifying noninvasive alternatives.Transient elastography offers a promising approach for measuring liver stiffness and spleen stiffness,which can help estimate the likelihood of decompensation in patients with chronic liver disease.AIM To investigate the predictive ability of the liver stiffness measurement(LSM)and spleen stiffness measurement(SSM)in conjunction with other noninvasive indicators for clinical decompensation in patients suffering from compensatory cirrhosis and portal hypertension.METHODS This study was a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 200 patients who were diagnosed with viral cirrhosis and who received computed tomography,transient elastography,ultrasound,and endoscopic examinations at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between March 2020 and November 2022.Patient classification was performed in accordance with the Baveno VI consensus.The area under the curve was used to evaluate and compare the predictive accuracy across different patient groups.The diagnostic effectiveness of several models,including the liver stiffness-spleen diameter-platelet ratio,variceal risk index,aspartate aminotransferase-alanine aminotransferase ratio,Baveno Ⅵ criteria,and newly developed models,was assessed.Additionally,decision curve analysis was carried out across a range of threshold probabilities to evaluate the clinical utility of these predictive factors.RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that SSM,LSM,and the spleen length diameter(SLD)were linked to clinical decompensation in individuals with viral cirrhosis.On the basis of these findings,a predictive model was developed via logistic regression:Ln[P/(1-P)]=-4.969-0.279×SSM+0.348×LSM+0.272×SLD.The model exhibited strong performance,with an area under the curve of 0.944.At a cutoff value of 0.56,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value for predicting clinical decompensation were 85.29%,88.89%,87.89%,and 86.47%,respectively.The newly developed model demonstrated enhanced accuracy in forecasting clinical decompensation among patients suffering from viral cirrhosis when compared to four previously established models.CONCLUSION Noninvasive models utilizing SSM,LSM,and SLD are effective in predicting clinical decompensation among patients with viral cirrhosis,thereby reducing the need for unnecessary hepatic venous pressure gradient testing.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant No.81960863)the Education Department of Yunnan Province(Grant No.2023Y0463 and 2024Y380)Yunnan Clinical Research Center for rheumatism in Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.202405AJ310004).
文摘Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood,resulting from either increased production or decreased excretion of uric acid.This condition has reached epidemic proportions.Conventional Western medical treatments often come with a range of adverse effects.According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the root cause of HUA lies in the spleen’s insufficient healthy movement,with phlegm,dampness,turbidity,and stasis being symptomatic manifestations.Research has shown that spleen-strengthening herbal remedies can effectively treat HUA by inhibiting uric acid synthesis enzymes,promoting uric acid excretion,reducing inflammation,providing antioxidant benefits,regulating gut microbiota,and modulating cellular processes.Clinical applications have substantiated these findings.Therefore,from the standpoint of symptomatic treatment of HUA,spleen-strengthening therapies hold significant importance and potential.
文摘Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy(SPDP)has gained increasing attention as a safe and effective alternative to distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy,particularly for benign and low-grade malignant lesions of the pancreatic body and tail.This narrative review evaluates the current evidence,technical considerations,and disease-specific indications for SPDP.Literature was reviewed using up to date scientific evidence and most recent national and international guidelines.Studies addressing SPDP outcomes,splenectomy complications,and disease-specific oncologic principles were included.Spleen preservation has been associated with reduced rates of postoperative infections,thromboembolic events,and longterm immunologic compromise,without compromising oncologic outcomes in selected patients.Indications favoring SPDP include pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors,intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,and solid pseudopapillary neoplasms.Although current guidelines generally recommend splenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,emerging data suggest that spleen preservation may be feasible in highly selected cases.Technical approaches—primarily the Kimura and Warshaw techniques—enable safe dissection and splenic vessel management,particularly with the support of minimally invasive platforms.In conclusion,SPDP should be considered in appropriately selected patients to reduce morbidity while preserving long-term immune function.Future randomized studies are warranted to define oncologic safety and refine indications across tumor types.
基金The Contract Grant from Zhejiang Fengan Biopharmaceutical Co.,Ltd,Zhejiang Province,China。
文摘Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized in China for thousands of years to treat and prevent various diseases,with recent research highlighting microRNAs(miRNAs)in herbal decoctions as key bioactive components.The oral lyophilized powder of the pig spleen extracts(PAT)composed of oligonucleotides and peptides extracted from fresh pig spleen and delivered via a lipid mixture containing neutral cytidinyl lipid DNCA and cationic lipid CLD(Mix),has demonstrated significant antitumor effects against A549 and BCPAP cells,promoting early and late apoptosis by approximately 20%in A549 cells.Intratumoral administration of PAT/Mix in A549-bearing mice significantly reduced both tumor volume and weight.Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses suggested that PAT/Mix exerted its antitumor activity by silencing DEPDC1 mRNA in A549 cells,thereby influencing cellular processes and metabolic pathways.Additionally,PAT/Mix was found to promote the maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells(BMDCs),enhancing antigen processing and presentation.These findings indicated that PAT/Mix held promise as a therapeutic agent with both immunomodulatory and antitumor properties,owing not only to its peptide components but also to miRNAs,which played a critical therapeutic role.
文摘BACKGROUND Shear wave elastography(SWE)is a non-invasive ultrasound-based technique used to assess tissue stiffness,which reflects underlying pathological changes.While SWE has been widely applied for liver fibrosis evaluation,its application to other abdominal organs,such as the spleen and pancreas,is gaining interest.However,normal stiffness values and inter-system agreement remain poorly defined.AIM To assess the feasibility and agreement of liver,spleen,and pancreas stiffness using three SWE methods.METHODS This single-center observational study enrolled 50 healthy adult volunteers.Liver,spleen,and pancreas stiffness were assessed using three SWE methods:Point-SWE(p-QElaXto)and 2-Dimensional-SWE(2D-QElaXto)with Esaote MyLab 9,and 2D-SWE with SuperSonic Imagine.Feasibility,inter-operator reproducibility,and concordance among systems were evaluated.Stiffness was expressed as median kPa values,and technical reliability was assessed using the interquartile range/median ratio and stability index thresholds.RESULTS Liver and spleen stiffness assessment was feasible in>98%of patients,while pancreas stiffness was measurable in 84%-88%depending on the SWE technique.Mean liver stiffness ranged between 3.9-4.7 kPa across techniques,spleen stiffness ranged from 19.4-23.0 kPa,and pancreas stiffness from 5.2-7.6 kPa.Inter-operator agreement was excellent for liver(intraclass correlation coefficient>0.90)and good to moderate for spleen and pancreas(intraclass correlation coefficient from 0.43 to 0.90).Bland-Altman analysis confirmed good correlation but also systematic differences among devices,especially in pancreas measurements.CONCLUSION This is the first study to establish normal liver,spleen,and pancreas stiffness using MyLab 9 SWE integrated methods as compared to SuperSonic Imagine,with acceptable inter-technique agreement.Liver and spleen values matched existing guidelines;pancreas SWE showed more variability and reduced reproducibility.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.12475200 and 12275296)Joint Fund of Research utilizing Large-Scale Scientific Facility of the NSFC and CAS(No.U2032114)Institute of High Energy Physics(Chinese Academy of Sciences)Innovative Project on Sciences and Technologies(Nos.E3545BU210 and E25456U210).
文摘The particle identification(PID)of hadrons plays a crucial role in particle physics experiments,especially in flavor physics and jet tagging.The cluster counting method,which measures the number of primary ionizations in gaseous detectors,is a promising breakthrough in PID.However,developing an effective reconstruction algorithm for cluster counting remains challenging.To address this challenge,we propose a cluster counting algorithm based on long short-term memory and dynamic graph convolutional neural networks for the CEPC drift chamber.Experiments on Monte Carlo simulated samples demonstrate that our machine learning-based algorithm surpasses traditional methods.It improves the K/πseparation of PID by 10%,meeting the PID requirements of CEPC.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32171264 and No.81974226)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC1609)。
文摘According to the World Health Organization(WHO)manual,sperm concentration should be measured using an improved Neubauer hemocytometer,while sperm motility should be measured by manual assessment.However,in China,thousands of laboratories do not use the improved Neubauer hemocytometer or method;instead,the Makler counting chamber is one of the most widely used chambers.To study sources of error that could impact the measurement of the apparent concentration and motility of sperm using the Makler counting chamber and to verify its accuracy for clinical application,67 semen samples from patients attending the Department of Andrology,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University(Chengdu,China)between 13 September 2023 and 27 September 2023,were included.Compared with applying the cover glass immediately,delaying the application of the cover glass for 5 s,10 s,and 30 s resulted in average increases in the sperm concentration of 30.3%,74.1%,and 107.5%,respectively(all P<0.0001)and in the progressive motility(PR)of 17.7%,30.8%,and 39.6%,respectively(all P<0.0001).However,when the semen specimens were fixed with formaldehyde,a delay in the application of the cover glass for 5 s,10 s,and 30 s resulted in an average increase in the sperm concentration of 6.7%,10.8%,and 14.6%,respectively,compared with immediate application of the cover glass.The accumulation of motile sperm due to delays in the application of the cover glass is a significant source of error with the Makler counting chamber and should be avoided.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Award Number:2022YFC3202104)。
文摘Environmental DNA(e DNA)methods have emerged as a promising tool for studying a broad spectrum of biological taxa.However,metabarcoding studies of avian biodiversity using e DNA have received little attention.In this study,we compared waterbird biodiversity derived from e DNA metabarcoding with that obtained from traditional point counting surveys at 23 sites in Tai Lake of eastern China and evaluated the accuracy of e DNA metabarcoding for waterbird community studies.The point counting method recorded a higher total number of waterbird species(22)compared to the e DNA technique(16).While e DNA achieved a 74.5%detection rate for waterbird species and was able to identify a significantly greater number of species(12.48±1.97)at each sampling site than point counting method(6.13±2.69),particularly highlighting several rare and elusive species,it failed to detect some species commonly observed by the point counting method.The alpha diversity analysis revealed no significant differences in waterbird diversity between the e DNA method and the point counting method,except that the e DNA method exhibited lower Pielou evenness.Waterbird e DNA sequencing abundance correlated significantly with species occurrence,whereas Spearman's analysis indicated no significant difference between e DNA sequence abundance and species abundance from the point counting method.e DNA method detected no significant difference in waterbird composition between sampling sites,while the point counting method revealed significant differences.Consequently,e DNA is an effective complementary tool for assessing the diversity of wintering waterbirds in lakes,though it is unable to capture the full diversity of waterbird communities.It is crucial to develop sampling strategies that comprehensively monitor species composition and integrate e DNA with traditional survey methods for accurate evaluation of community structure.
文摘Purpose–To address the encapsulation challenge of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensors in complex railway environments,this paper designs a clip-on composite sensor enabling installation-friendly deployment and long-term axle counting system monitoring.Design/methodology/approach–Wheel–rail mechanical behavior was simulated via finite element analysis(FEA)to determine optimal sensor placement.A clip-on composite sensor was subsequently engineered.Stress transduction efficacy was validated through FEA quantification of stress responses at the axle counter location.Findings–The proposed FBG axle counter integrates temperature compensation and anti-detachment monitoring as well as advantages such as simplified installation with minimal maintenance and sustained operational reliability.It effectively transmits stress,yielding a measured strain of 39μe under static loading conditions without sensitivity-enhancing elements.Originality/value–This study performs FEA of wheel-rail stress distribution and engineers the dual-slot composite sensor,FEAwas conducted to quantify the stress magnitude at the axle sensor position of the dual-slot composite sensor.Additionally,FEA was performed on sensors with different structural configurations,including adjustments to the axle sensor position,number of slots and axle position.The results confirmed that the designed composite sensor exhibits superior stress transfer characteristics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12171373)Chen's work also supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(GK202207018).
文摘In this paper,we study composition operators on weighted Bergman spaces of Dirichlet series.We first establish some Littlewood-type inequalities for generalized mean counting functions.Then we give sufficient conditions for a composition operator with zero characteristic to be bounded or compact on weighted Bergman spaces of Dirichlet series.The corresponding sufficient condition for compactness in the case of positive characteristics is also obtained.
